北师大版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 5 Humans and nature　LESSON 2 & LESSON 3课件(共76张PPT)

(共76张PPT)
UNIT 5　HUMANS AND NATURE
Section B　LESSON 2 & LESSON 3
目 录 索 引
Part 1　Reading comprehension
Part 2　Language points
Part 3　Grammar
Part 1　Reading comprehension
第一步　速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1　What’s the text mainly about
A.A great explorer.
B.Two teams’ journey to the South Pole.
C.A worst disaster.
D.A race between two teams.
√
Activity 2　Read the text again and match each part with its main idea.
1.Part 1(Para.1-Para.5)　 a.Scott’s return journey.
2.Part 2(Para.6-Para.10) b.Scott and Amundsen’s Race to the South Pole.
3.Part 3(Para.11) c.Scott and his men as heroes.
第二步　精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 3　阅读教材课文,选择正确答案。
1.What does the first paragraph serve as
A.An introduction to the race.
B.A comparison of the two teams.
C.An introduction to the Antarctic.
D.A description of the two team leaders.
2.Of the four names mentioned in the passage,which one is different from the others
A.Edgar Evans.　　 B.Captain Oates.
C.Roald Amundsen. D.Robert Falcon Scott.
√
√
3.How long did Amundsen take to reach the Pole
A.About half a year.
B.About 50 days.
C.Almost 3 months.
D.More than 3 months.
4.Why were Scott and his members shocked when they saw the Norwegian flag
A.Because they were in danger.
B.Because it means they lost the race.
C.Because their situation was hopeless.
D.Because they didn’t find the Norwegians.
√
√
5.What difficulties did Scott’s team face on their return journey
A.Two sledges broke down.
B.They had to look for rocks.
C.They were tired with not much food left.
D.The horses began to have serious difficulties with the cold.
√
Activity 4　思考分享 提升思维
1.Do you like adventure What adventure stories have you read
The answer is open.
2.What do you know about Antarctica
The answer is open.
Activity 5　诵读佳句 学练写作
Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the struggle Scott met.
(1)First, his two sledges broke down and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.
(2)The men were soon very tired and were running out of food.
(3)The weather conditions were terrible.
(4)Edgar Evans had a terrible disease and died after a bad fall.
(5)But then a terrible storm started and they could not leave their tent.
第三步　深读课文 融会提能
Activity 6　阅读教材课文,完成表格。
Race to the Pole
The process to the Pole On 1 June,1910,Captain Scott began his 1.　　　　　　 to Antarctica.At the same time,the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen was also going south.During the polar summer,both teams organised food bases 2.　　　　　　　　　　　 their journeys.Amundsen reached Antarctica first.Then he prepared for the return journey.Scott finally 3.　　　　　　 at the Pole.
journey
in preparation for
arrived
Race to the Pole
The difficulties 4.　　　　　　 The return journey was one of the worst in the history of 5.　　　　　　　　.The weather conditions were 6.　　　　　　.
Scott’s death and influence The news of Scott’s 7.　　　　 shocked the world.He had failed to win the race to the Pole,but the extraordinary courage shown by Captain Scott and his men
8.　　　　　　　　　　　　.
on the way
exploration
terrible
death
made them heroes
Activity 7　长难句分析
引导时间状语从句
1.While he was on the way to Antarctica,he received a message from the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen which said he was going south,too.
引导定语从句,修饰先行词a message
在去往南极洲的途中,他收到挪威探险家罗尔德·阿蒙森的消息,说他也要去南极。
连接并列复合句 引导让步状语从句
2.We knew that poor Oates was walking to his death,but though we tried to stop him,we knew that it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman.　　
引导宾语从句
我们都知道,可怜的奥茨正走向死亡,尽管我们也曾试图阻止他,但我们都明白,这是一个勇敢的人和一个英国绅士的行为。
Part 2　Language points
重点单词
基础落实 必备知识全过关
必记写作词汇
1.　　　 　 n.& vt.营救;救援
2.　　　　 vt.困住;使陷于危险中
3.　　　　 n.& vt.努力,尝试,企图
4.　　　　 vi.& vt.打断讲话
5.　　　　 n.死,死亡
6.　　　　 n.丧失;死亡
7.　　　　 n.伤害,损伤,损害
8.　　　　 vt.估量,衡量;测量
rescue　
trap　
attempt　
interrupt　
death　
loss　
damage　
measure　
9.　　 　 　 n.行动,活动;手术;操作
10.　　　　 n.过程,进程
11.　　　　 n.较量,竞争;斗争;战斗
12.　　　　 n.职责,义务;责任
13.　　　　 vt.实施;进行;执行　vi.& vt.指挥
14.　　 　　 n.保护;防护
15.　　　　 vi.& vt.呼吸
16.　　　　 n.灰尘;尘埃
17.　 　　　 n.预备,准备
18.　　　　 n.滑雪板　vi.滑雪
operation　
process　
battle　
duty　
conduct　
protection　
breathe　
dust　
preparation　
ski　
19.　　　　　 n.基地,大本营;基础　vt.以……为基地
20.　　　　　 adj.高兴的,兴高采烈的
21.　　　　　 vt.证明;证实
22.　　　　　 n.洲,大洲;大陆
23.　　　　　 n.坦诚;诚实,正直
24.　　　　　 n.真诚,真挚,诚实
25.　　　　　 n.勇气;勇敢的行为
base　
cheerful　
prove　
continent　
honesty　
sincerity　
bravery
识记阅读词汇
26.vehicle n.　　　 　　　　　　　　
27.overseas adv. 　　　　　　　　
28.site n. 　　　　　　　　
29.suffering n. 　 　　　　　　　
30.lamp n. 　　　　　　　　
31.nearby adv. 　　　　　　　　
32.sledge n. 　　　　　　　　
33.captain n. 　　　　　　　　
34.polar adj. 　　　　　　　　
35.tent n. 　　　　　　　　
交通工具,车辆　
在海外,在外国　
场所,地点　
(肉体或精神上的)痛苦;折磨　
灯　
附近　
雪橇
上校;队长;组长　
极地的,地极的　
帐篷
串记拓展词汇
36.　　　　　 adv.焦虑地;不安地
→　　　　　 adj.焦虑的
→　　　　　　 n.焦虑
37.　　　　　 n.抱负,雄心;追求,夙愿
→　　 　　　 adj.壮志雄心的
38.　 　　　　 n.探险;探索
→　　　　　 n.探险者,勘探者
39.　　　　　 adj.久远的;遥远的
→　　　　　 n.距离
anxiously
anxious
anxiety　
ambition
ambitious
exploration
explorer　
distant
distance
【掌握构词规律　快速记牢单词】
后缀-tion常用于动词后构成名词,表示“动作、过程或者结果”,例如:
operate→operation n.行动,手术
protect→protection n.保护,防护
radiate→radiation n.辐射
infect→infection n.感染
imagine→imagination n.想象
associate→association n.关联
重点短语
1.natural disasters 　　　 　　　　　　　
2.rescue operations overseas 　　　　　　　
3.a battle against 　　　　　　　
4.knock on 　　　　　　　
5.wait anxiously 　　　　　　　
6.ahead of the planned schedule 　　 　　　　　
7.on one’s way back 　　　 　　　　
8.in the distant past 　　　　　　　
9.　　　　　　　 吸气
10.　　　　　　　 用完;耗尽
11.　　　　　　　 停止运转,出故障
自然灾害　
海外救援行动　
和……的斗争　
敲打　
焦急地等待　
比计划时间提前　
在某人回去的路上　
在遥远的过去　
breathe in　
run out　
break down
基础词汇——语境记忆
要点探究 能力素养全提升
1.site n.场所,地点
【佳句背诵】All the materials are on site so that work can start immediately.
[社会生活]
所有材料都已运抵工地,可以立即开工。
2.process n.过程,进程
【佳句背诵】Losing weight is a slow, gradual process.[个人健康]
减肥是一个缓慢而逐渐的过程。
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.rescue n.& vt.营救;救援
(1)a rescue team救援队
come to one’s rescue营救某人
(2)rescue sb/sth from...把某人/物从……解救出来
【佳句背诵】He rescued two people from the fire.[个人事迹]
他从火中救出两人。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)He rescued me 　　　　　　a difficult situation.
(2)All the people nearby came 　　　her rescue when hearing her cry for help.
(3)He 　　　　　　　　　(rescue) from the burning building in the end.
(4)Hundreds are still in the water,waiting to 　　　　　　　　(rescue).
(5)一位朋友救了他并借给他钱。
A friend 　　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　　　　and lent him the money.
from
to
was rescued
be rescued
came to his rescue
2.trap v.困住;使陷于危险中　n.陷阱
(1)set a trap布置陷阱
fall/walk into a trap落入圈套
(2)be/get trapped in被困住
【佳句背诵】Don’t get in an elevator,as you may get trapped if the electricity fails.[观点看法]
不要坐电梯,因为如果停电,你就会被困在里面。
【即学即练】用trap的适当形式填空/翻译句子
(1)The 　　　　　miners hung on until the rescuers came.
(2)He found his son 　　　　　inside the lift,feeling very worried.
(3)Ancient people used traps to catch animals.
古人利用陷阱来捕捉动物。
(4)He was late because he was trapped in the traffic jam.
他迟到是因为堵车了。
trapped
trapped
3.attempt n.努力;尝试;企图　v.试图;尝试
(1)attempt to do sth 试图做某事
(2)make an attempt 试图;努力
at one’s first attempt 某人的第一次尝试
【佳句背诵】They are attempting to climb the steepest part of the mountain.[运动探险]
他们努力攀登这座山最陡的部分。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/同义句转换
(1)They failed in several attempts 　　　　　(climb) the mountain.
(2)Shelly had worked hard for her biology examination so that she could pass it　　　　　 her first attempt.
(3)The prisoners attempted an escape,but failed.
→The prisoners attempted 　　　　　　　　　　,but failed.
→The prisoners 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to escape,but failed.
to climb
at
to escape
made an attempt
4.interrupt v.打断(某人)讲话;暂时中断或中止(某事物)
disturb与interrupt
(1)disturb“打扰,妨碍,扰乱”,侧重对某人动作或行为的干扰或干预,给别人带来较长时间的耽搁或使某人不能专注于某事。
(2)interrupt“中断,打断”,主要指对别人谈话或某一活动的打扰,使对方的活动停下来或不能继续。
【佳句背诵】His study was interrupted by the war.[社会生活]
他的学业因战争而中断。
【即学即练】用interrupt的适当形式填空/单句写作
(1)It is bad manners 　　　　　　　　　anyone who is speaking.
(2)The game 　　　　　　　　　several times by rain.
(3)在老师讲话的时候,我们打断他或她是不礼貌的。
It is impolite to 　　　　 　　　 　　　　　　when he or she is talking.
(4)我们的谈话被敲门声打断了。
Our talk 　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　a knock at the door.
to interrupt
is interrupted
interrupt the teacher
was interrupted by
5.death n.死,死亡
die v.死,死亡
dying adj.濒临死亡的;奄奄一息的
dead adj.过世的;逝世的;死的
deadly adj.致命的
the dead死者(the+形容词表示一类人,谓语动词用复数)
【佳句背诵】The medicine saved the lives of many dying children.[医疗健康]
这种药挽救了许多处于死亡边缘的孩子的性命。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/翻译句子
(1)Traffic accidents cause many 　　　　　(death) every year.
(2)Some snakes are 　　　　　(die),so we should keep away from them.
(3)He finally accepted that his mother was 　　　　(die) and gone.
(4)He became the manager of the farm after his father’s 　　　　　(die).
(5)Some people think shipbuilding is a dying business.
deaths
deadly
dead
death
有人认为造船业是夕阳产业。
6.loss n.损失;死亡;丢失;失利
(1)lose vt.失去;丢失;输掉
(2)lost adj.丢失的;迷失的;迷路的;不知所措
get lost迷路
(3)at a loss不知所措
a sense of loss失落感
【佳句背诵】When her son finally left home,Emily felt completely at a loss.
[个人经历]
当她的儿子最终离开家时,埃米莉感到完全不知所措。
【即学即练】用loss的适当形式填空/单句写作
(1)I want to report the 　　　　　of my car.
(2)He felt so 　　　　　　after his wife died.
(3)说实话,我不知道下一步该做什么。
To tell the truth,I am 　　　 　　 　　　　　what to do next.
(4)因为大雾,他们在森林中迷了路。
They 　　　　 　　　　in the forest because of the heavy fog.
(5)她去世后我心里充满了失落感。
When she died I was filled with 　　 　　　 　　　 　　　　　.
loss
lost
at a loss
got lost
a sense of loss
7.damage v. 损害;损伤　n.伤害,损伤,损害
brain/liver damage 脑损伤/肝损伤
do/cause damage to...对……造成破坏/损害
suffer damage 受到损害
【佳句背诵】The accident caused some damage to my car,but it was nothing serious.[个人经历]
这起事故对我的车造成了一些损伤,但是并不严重。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)Hundreds of houses in the area 　　　　　　　　　(damage) by the storm last week.
(2)他被车撞了,脑部损伤严重。
He was hit by a car and suffered serious 　　　　 　　　　　　.
(3)多年来,人类已经严重破坏了自己的家园——地球。
Man has 　　　　 　 　　　 　　　　 　　　　his home —the earth.
were damaged
brain damage
done/caused great damage to
8.conduct v.实施;进行;执行;指挥;带领
n.行为;举止;指挥;管理
(1)conduct a survey进行一次调查
conduct an experiment进行一次实验
conduct research进行研究
conduct a study进行一项研究
(2)conductor n.售票员;乐队指挥
【佳句背诵】Can you give me some advice on how to conduct market research [建议信]
你能给我一些如何进行市场调查的建议吗
【即学即练】用conduct的适当形式填空/单句写作
(1)To return to the problem of water pollution,I’d like you to look at a study
　　　　　in Australia in 2012.
(2)A study of travellers 　　　　　by the website names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.
(3)他们针对青少年的消费习惯进行了一次调查。
They have 　　　　　 　　 　　　　about the spending habits of teenagers.
conducted
conducted
conducted a survey
9.protection n.保护;防护
protect vt.保护
protect...from/against...保护……免于……
【佳句背诵】To protect the environment,more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.[环境保护]
为了保护环境,更多的政府要求人们循环利用材料。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)In the last few years,China has made great achievements in environmental
　　　　　　　(protect).
(2)Many countries are now setting up national parks where animals and plants can 　　　　　　　(protect).
(3)You should wear sunglasses to protect your eyes 　　　　　　the strong sunlight.
(4)如果我们现在不着手保护环境,今后会后悔。
If we don’t act now to 　　　　 　　 　　　　　　　,we’ll live to regret it.
protection
be protected
from/against
protect the environment
10.breathe v.呼吸
(1)breathe in吸入(空气)
breathe out呼出(空气)
(2)breath n.呼吸
hold one’s breath屏住呼吸
out of breath上气不接下气
take a deep breath深呼吸
take one’s breath away使某人吃惊/惊奇
【佳句背诵】The doctor told me to breathe in and then breathe out slowly.
[建议信]
医生叫我吸气然后慢慢地呼出。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)It is good for health 　　　　　　(breath) deeply.
(2)大多数人没有意识到自己正在吸入污染的空气。
Most people don’t realise that they are 　　　　　 　 　　　　 　　　.
(3)宣读结果时,他屏住了呼吸。
He 　　　 　 　 　　　 　　　while the results were read out.
(4)仅仅五分钟后我们便气喘吁吁了。
We were 　　　 　　　 　　　　　　after only five minutes.
(5)他深呼吸让自己平静下来。
He 　　　 　 　 　　　　 　　　　　to calm himself down.
to breathe
breathing in polluted air
held his breath
out of breath
took a deep breath
11.base n.基地,大本营;总部;据点;基础
v.以……为基础
(1)base...on...把……建立在……的基础之上
be based on以……为基础
(2)the base of the lamp灯座
【佳句背诵】You should base your theory on practice.=Your theory should be based on practice.[个人观点]
你应该把理论建立在实践的基础之上。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作/同义句转换
(1)Clearly,a successful study 　　　　　(base) on good ways and habits.
(2)The movie,　　　　(base) on a novel of the same name,is rather popular.
(3)I won’t accept an opinion unless it is based 　　　　　facts.
(4)　　　　　 (base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
(5)产品的价格建立在几种因素的基础上。
The prices of products 　　　 　　　　 　　　　several factors.
(6)Many languages have Latin as their base.
→Many languages 　　　　　　　　Latin.
is based
based
on
Basing
are based on
are based on
12.preparation n.预备;准备
(1)in preparation for为……作好准备
make preparations for为……作准备
make preparations to do sth准备做某事
(2)prepare v.准备
prepare sth准备某物
prepare sb for sth使某人对某事有所准备
prepare...for.../be prepared for 为……作好准备
be prepared to do sth愿意做某事
【佳句背诵】They go to college in preparation for a good career.[学校生活]
他们上大学是为了有一份好的职业。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)—Sorry,Mom!I failed the job interview again.
—Oh,it’s too bad.You should have made full　　　　 　(prepare).
(2)—I’ve prepared all kinds of food 　　　　　the picnic.
—Do you mean we needn’t bring anything with us
(3)We won’t start the work until all the preparations 　　　　　　　(make).
(4)There was no news and we 　　　　　　　　　(prepare) for the worst.
(5)They are prepared 　　　　　　　　(leave).
(6)这个学院是培养商务人才的。
The college 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　　a career in business.
preparations
for
have been made
had prepared
to leave
prepares students for
13.anxiously adv.焦虑地;不安地
(1)anxious adj.焦虑,担心;渴望
be anxious about...对……感到担心
be anxious for sth渴望得到某物
be anxious to do...渴望做……
(2)anxiety n.忧虑,渴望
【佳句背诵】All her fans are waiting for her anxiously.[人物介绍]
她的歌迷们都焦急地等待着她。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/翻译句子
(1)　　　　　　(anxious),she took the dress out of the package and tried it on,only to find it didn’t fit.
(2)He is anxious 　　　　　　　　　(finish) the job.
(3)Nowadays many people are experiencing high level of 　　　　(anxious).
(4)Don’t be anxious 　　　　　　　the coming exams.
(5)我们渴望见到你。
Anxiously
to finish
anxiety
about
We are anxious to meet you.
14.break down停止运转,出故障;消除,克服;(身体或精神)垮掉;分解
break out突然发生
break up拆散,分开;驱散,解散;分手
break in强行闯入,侵入;插话
break off折断;中断;停止说话;(工作中)稍做休息
break through突破
【佳句背诵】He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead,because the air-conditioning system broke down.[个人生活]
因为空调坏了,他只好不时地停下来擦额头的汗。
【即学即练】短语填空/单句写作
break out,break off,break through,break in,break down,break up
(1)The meeting didn’t 　　　　　　　　until noon.
(2)A big fire 　　　　　　　　　in the town last night.
(3)Don’t 　　　　　　　　　　　 while others are speaking.
(4)After ten years of hard work,his health is 　　　　　　　　　.
(5)We hope to 　　　　　　　　　soon in the fight against AIDS.
(6)Then the car I was in 　　　　　　　　　　,so I had to walk home.
(7)I 　　　　　　the conversation and answered the telephone.
break up
broke out
break in
breaking down
break through
broke down
broke off
(8)看吧,你的电脑又坏了。为了省几美元买最便宜的牌子不划算。
See,your computer 　　　 　　　　 　　　　　again!It doesn’t make sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.
(9)他开会迟到是因为车在路上坏了。
It was because his car 　　　　　　 　　　　　on the way that he was late for the meeting.
has broken down
broke down
15.run out of用完
run out =be used up,“(某物)用完”,是不及物动词短语,主语通常是时间、食物、金钱等 She has run out of her money and her patience is also running out.
她的钱已经用完了,她也快没耐心了。
run out of =use up,“用完(某物)”,是及物动词短语,但不用于被动语态,主语一般是人
【佳句背诵】They ran out of money and were in a dilemma.[人物介绍]
他们的钱用完了,陷入两难的境地。
【即学即练】短语填空/单句写作
(1)People usually think that we have a great deal of coal but we may
　　　 　　　 　　　　it some day.
(2)Conditions are getting worse and supplies are 　　　　 　　　　　.
(3)被困矿工的时间不多了。
　　　　 　　 　　　　 　　　　for the trapped miners.
run out of
running out
Time is running out
16.cheerful adj.高兴的,兴高采烈的;令人开心的
cheer v.欢呼;喝彩;鼓舞,鼓励
cheer up(使)高兴起来,(使)振作起来
cheer sb on(尤指在比赛中)为某人加油
【佳句背诵】There is hardly any cheerful news in the papers.[新闻报道]
报纸上没有什么让人高兴的消息。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)He 　　　　　　(cheer) up at the thought of going to the adventure playground.
(2)这里轻松愉快的氛围让我心情好了很多。
The lovely relaxing atmosphere here 　　　　 　　　 　　　a lot.
(3)——我在想明天的考试。我这次可能过不了。
——振作起来,我确定你能行。
—I’m thinking of the test tomorrow.I’m afraid I can’t pass this time.
—　　　　　 　　　　　!I’m sure you’ll make it.
(4)他们围在游泳池旁为她加油。
They gathered around the swimming pool and 　　　　 　　　 　　　　.
cheered
cheered me up
Cheer up
cheered her on
17.distant adj.久远的;遥远的;不太友好的;冷漠的
distance n.距离;远处
at a distance隔一段距离;距离稍远
in the distance在远方
at a distance of...在……远的地方
within walking distance在步行可及的距离内
【佳句背诵】The sound of the waterfall can be heard at a distance of 20 miles.[景物描写]
瀑布的声音在距离它20英里远的地方就能听到。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)The 　　　　　　　doesn’t make us 　　　　　to each other.(distance)
(2)It snows all the year round in that 　　　　　(distance) little village.
(3)Take your time—it’s just 　　　short distance from here to the restaurant.
(4)We saw lights 　　　　　the distance.
(5)海滩离我家很近,走几步路就到了。
The beach is 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　　　　of my house.
(6)纽约市离波士顿有多远
　　　　 　　 　　　 　　　　　between New York City and Boston
distance
distant
distant
a
in
within walking distance
What is the distance
多义词汇——自主练透
Ⅰ.一词多义
operation
A.运转;操作;工作　B.使(某事物)生效,起作用　C.手术　D.军事行动
①He underwent a three-hour heart operation.　　
②I can use a word processor but I don’t understand its operation.　　
③He was the officer in charge of operations.　　
④When does the plan come into operation 　　
C
A
D
B
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
measure
项目 意义 例句
熟义 v.　　　　　　　　　　　　 Can you measure accurately the length of the rope with this ruler
生义 v.　　　　　　　　　　　　 She failed to measure the effect of her actions on her family.
n.　　　　　　　　　　　　 Measures are being taken to reduce crime in the city.
估量,衡量;测量
仔细考虑(某事物)
措施;步骤;办法
重点句式——多维剖析
1.倒装句
【教材原句】Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.
接着是极地冬天的一片漆黑。
常用的全部倒装结构情况:
(1)then,now等时间副词及here,there等方位副词位于句首,句子谓语动词为come,be,go等动词,且句子的主语不是人称代词。
(2)表示方位的介词短语位于句首,句子谓语是表示存在意义的动词,如be,lie,stand,sit等。
(3)there be句型属于全部倒装。该句型中be还可用appear,lie,live,stand, remain,exist等表示存在意义的动词替换。
【佳句背诵】There appeared to be nobody willing to help.[个人观点]
看来没人愿意帮忙。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)Look!There 　　　　　(come) the shopkeeper.
(2)Here 　　　　　(be) coats for young people.
(3)—Is everyone here
—Not yet.Look!There 　　　　　(come) the rest of our guests!
(4)Among the crises 　　　　　(be) the lack of natural resources.
(5)Among the guests 　　　　　(stand) Mary.
comes
are
come
is
stands
(6)现在轮到你了。
Now 　　　　 　　　 　 　　　　.
(7)约翰打开门,那里站着一个他从未见过的女孩。
John opened the door.　　　　 　　　　a girl he had never seen before.
(8)张教授走进大厅,接着进来的是抱着一摞书的助理。
Professor Zhang came into the hall,and 　　　　 　　　　　　his assistant carrying a pile of books.
comes your turn
There stood
then followed
2.动词不定式作后置定语
【教材原句】Amundsen was the first to leave on 8 September,1911.
1911年9月8日,阿蒙森第一个离开。
当被修饰词是序数词或被序数词修饰时,通常用动词不定式作后置定语。被修饰词与动词不定式之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。
动词不定式作后置定语的其他情况:
(1)被修饰词被形容词最高级或the only,the very,the right 等修饰时;
(2)表示将来的动作时,常用动词不定式作后置定语;
(3)名词ability,chance,promise,opportunity,wish,way 等常用动词不定式作后置定语。
【佳句背诵】Jane Goodall was the first woman to study the connections between chimps and human beings.[人物介绍]
简·古道尔是第一位研究黑猩猩与人类之间联系的女性。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/翻译句子
(1)He was the first specialist 　　　　　(go) abroad for further education.
(2)Who is the next 　　　　　　　　　(give) a speech
(3)Volunteering gives you a chance 　　　　　　　(change) lives,including your own.
(4)That is the only way we can imagine 　　　　　　　　　(reduce) the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms.
(5)—The last one 　　　　　　　　　(arrive) pays the meal.
—Agreed.
(6)他总是第一个来,最后一个走。
to go
to give
to change
to reduce
to arrive
He is always the first to come and the last to leave.
Part 3　Grammar
语法冲关 语言规则全理清
后缀
后缀是一种重要的构词法。它是一种后置于其他词素后的词缀,通过后缀常常可以判断一个词的词性。后缀可使一个词变为名词、动词、形容词等。
一、常见的名词后缀
-tion, -ion oppression,foundation,location,possession,education,starvation,
action,organisation
-er,-or, -ist driver,researcher,printer,gardener,teacher,worker,lawyer,adviser,
singer,waiter,composer,reporter,writer,manager,engineer,actor,
inventor,artist,chemist,novelist,journalist,dramatist,physicist,scientist
-ship, -ness, -(i)ty,-th leadership,friendship,membership,relationship,happiness,sadness,
usefulness,darkness,selfishness,kindness,activity,safety,security,
growth,warmth
-ment movement,argument,development,agreement,equipment,improvement,judgement
-hood boyhood,childhood,brotherhood
-ful cupful,handful,mouthful,spoonful
-ess hostess,waitress,actress
-al arrival,refusal,survival,approval
二、常见的形容词后缀
-ful useful,grateful,wonderful,helpful,meaningful,thankful,careful,colorful,
regretful,hopeful,peaceful,beautiful,harmful
-less useless,careless,worthless,jobless,fearless,homeless,helpless,harmless
-ish childish,selfish,foolish
-ive active,attractive,creative,effective,expensive,imaginative
-ous famous,continuous,serious,humorous,dangerous,mountainous,various,
courageous
-able acceptable,comfortable,reliable,drinkable,eatable,movable,valuable,
reasonable,adjustable
-ible sensible,possible,responsible
-ent different,dependent
-y handy,rainy,dirty,thirsty,snowy,cloudy,windy
-cal musical,magical,chemical,physical,practical,medical
-cial social,official,facial,beneficial
-some handsome,troublesome,awesome
-ing exciting,interesting,surprising,annoying
三、常见的动词后缀
-en weaken,strengthen,widen,harden,soften
-fy beautify,purify,simplify,identify
-ise organise,realise
【即学即练】单句语法填空
(1)Some schools will have to make 　　　　　　(adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.
(2)Whenever I made mistakes,the teacher pointed them out with
　　　　　　　(patient).
(3)—Go and say sorry to your mom,Dave.
—I’d like to,but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my 　　 　(apologize).
(4)Her 　　　　　　(motivate) for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.
adjustments
patience
apology
motivation
本 课 结 束