人教版（2019）必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters Reading and Thinking课件(共48张PPT)

(共48张PPT)
UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS
Section B　Reading and Thinking
Part 1　Reading comprehension
Part 2　Language points
目录索引
Part 1　Reading comprehension
第一步速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1　Read the text quickly and find out what it is mainly about.
What does the text mainly tell us
A.Tangshan Earthquake.
B.Signs before an earthquake.
C.Rescue work after the earthquake.
D.Reasons for an earthquake.
答案 A
Activity 2　Read the text again and match each paragraph with its main idea.
1.Para.1　 A.Rescue work after the earthquake.
2.Para.2 B.Signs of a coming earthquake.
3.Para.3 C.The result caused by the earthquake.
4.Para.4 D.The happening of the earthquake.
5.Para.5 E.A new Tangshan appears.
Activity 3　Skim for the main structure.
rose　
animals　
shake　
dirt　
injured
destroyed　
trapped　
medical　
shelters　
rebuild
第二步精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 4　Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What happened at about 3:00 a.m.on July 28,1976
A.People felt the earth was shaking.
B.Fish were seen jumping out of water.
C.Strange loud noises were heard in the sky.
D.Bright stars were seen in the sky.
答案 C
2.What feelings did the author show about the earthquake in the text
A.Serious and hopeless.
B.Sad and hopeless.
C.Serious but hopeful.
D.Angry but hopeful.
答案 C
3.What can we infer from the text
A.The whole city was at an end.
B.The army’s coming brought hope to the city.
C.People lost hope faced with the terrible earthquake.
D.The signs before the earthquake weren’t obvious at all.
答案 B
4.How is the text developed
A.In the order of time.
B.In the order of place.
C.In the order of space.
D.In the order of logic.
答案 A
Activity 5　思考分享 提升思维
Do you know any warning signs before an earthquake Say some.
Activity 6　诵读佳句 学练写作
Read the passage carefully and find the sentence(s) describing what happened after an earthquake.
Yes.Some animals behave abnormally.Water in the wells may change colour or may be smelly.
1.Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.
2.The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.
3.Everywhere survivors looked,there was nothing but ruins.
第三步深读课文 融会提能
Activity 7　课文语篇填空
A terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on July 28,1976,in which thousands of people died and many 1.　　　　　　　(injure).People were greatly shocked 2.　　　　　　 nearly all the buildings fell down and the whole city lay in 3.　　　　　(ruin).All the electricity was cut off and people began to wonder 4.　　　　　 long the disaster would last.It seemed as
5.　　　　　　 the world were coming to an end.
were injured　
because　
ruins　
how　
if　
The people of Tangshan didn’t lose hope because 150,000 soldiers were sent to Tangshan.The soldiers tried their best 6. 　　　　　(dig) out those who were trapped.They also built shelters for the 7. 　　　　　(survive).Water and food were taken to the city by every means.Slowly,the city began to come back to 8.　　　　　　　(live).
It was said that before the earthquake,strange things happened in the countryside.The water in the village wells 9.　　　　　(rise) and fell.Fish jumped out of the ponds.Strange noises were heard in the sky,but people thought little of 10.　　　　　　　(they).
to dig　
survivors　
life　
rose　
them
Activity 8　长难句分析
1.Eleven kilometres directly below the city,one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun,a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.
[句式分析]
Eleven kilometres directly below the city,one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun,a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.
地点状语
主句
同位语　 限制性定语从句
[尝试翻译]
在城市正下方的11千米处,20世纪伤亡最严重之一的一场地震爆发了,远在150多千米以外的北京都受到了这场地震的破坏。
2.Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster,people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
[句式分析]
Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that
,people must the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
in times of
disaster
unify and show
主句
并列谓语　
目的状语
宾语从句 　时间状语
[尝试翻译]
唐山向中国和世界其他地方证明,在灾难时期,人类必须齐力同心,展示智慧,保持乐观,重建更美好的未来。
Part 2　Language points
基础落实 必备知识全过关
重点单词
必记写作词汇
1.　　　　　　 n.百分之……
adj.& adv.每一百中
2.　　　　　　 vt.使落入险境;使陷入圈套　n.险境;陷阱
3.　　　　　　 vt.埋葬;安葬
4.　　　　　　 n.努力;艰难的尝试;尽力
percent　
trap　
bury　
effort
识记阅读词汇
1.crack n.　　　　　　　　
vi.& vt. 　　　　　　　
2.brick n. 　　　　　　　
3.metal n. 　　　　　　　
4.context n. 　　 　　　　　
5.unify vi.& vt. 　　 　　　　　
裂纹,裂缝　
(使)破裂　
砖;砖块　
金属　
上下文;语境;背景　
统一;(使)成一体
串记拓展词汇
1.　　　　　 n.& vt.破坏;毁坏→ruined adj.毁灭的;荒废的
2.　　　　 n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克　vt.(使)震惊→shocked adj.吃惊的;震惊的→shocking adj.令人震惊的
3.　　　　　　 n.电;电能→electric adj.导电的;电动的;电的→electrical adj.与电有关的;电气科学的
4.　　　　　 vi.& vt.呼吸→　　　　　 n.呼吸;气味→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的;呼吸困难的
5.　　　　　　 vt.& vi.复活;(使)苏醒→revival n.振兴;复苏
6.　　　　　 n.智慧;才智→　　　　　　 adj.聪明的
7.　　　　　　 vt.遭受;蒙受　vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→sufferer n.受难者;患者;被害者→suffering n.痛苦;苦难的经历
ruin　
shock　
electricity　
breath
breathe
revive　
wisdom
wise　
suffer
【掌握构词规律　快速记牢单词】
后缀-dom可以与动词、形容词结合构成名词,
表示“……的状况或地位”;还可以与名词结合构成名词,表示“……的职位、级别、地位或领域”。例如:
bore+-dom→boredom n.无聊,厌倦
free+-dom→freedom n.自由
wise+-dom→wisdom n.智慧,才智
king+-dom→kingdom n.王国
official+-dom→officialdom n.官僚,当官的人
重点短语
1.　　　　　　 if　　　　 似乎;好像;仿佛
2.come to 　　　　　end 结束
3.cut 　　　　　 径直穿过;打断
4. 　　　　 ruins 严重受损;破败不堪
5.nothing 　　　　　 只不过是;除了……什么都没有
6.blow 　　　　　 吹走
7.　　　　　　 shock 震惊;吃惊
8.dig 　　　　　 掘出;发现
9.suffer 　　　　　 遭受
10.go 　　　　　 经历
but　
away　
as　
an　
across　
in　
in　
out　
from　
through
要点探究 能力素养全提升
基础词汇——语境记忆
1.electricity n.电;电能
【佳句背诵】Today,there is a global movement to supply more and more electricity through the use of wind.[环境保护]
今天,有一个全球性的运动,通过使用风力来供应越来越多的电力。
2.wisdom n.智慧;才智
【佳句背诵】Reading fills people with talent,knowledge and wisdom,with faith and power,leading people to success,to the ladder of happiness.[观点看法]
读书使人充满才华、知识和智慧,充满信念和力量,引领人走向成功,走向幸福的阶梯。
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.ruin n.& vt.破坏;毁坏
(1)be/lie in ruins成为废墟;毁灭
reduce...to ruins使……成为废墟
(2)ruin one’s health/fame/future毁掉某人的健康/名誉/前途
【佳句背诵】The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake,which made us awake all night.[地点介绍]
地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟,这让我们彻夜未眠。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists 　　　　　(ruin) the atmosphere of peace
②His career lies 　　　　　　ruins.
③当他们第二天回到故乡的时候,他们发现故乡已成为废墟了。
When they returned to their hometown the next day,they found it
　　　　　 　　　　　　.
ruining　
in　
in ruins
2.shock n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克　vt.(使)震惊
(1)in shock 吃惊;休克
(2)shocked adj.吃惊的;震惊的
be shocked at/by对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth做某事感到震惊
(3)shocking adj.令人震惊的
【佳句背诵】He was shocked at the shocking news,for I could see his shocked look on his face.[人物描写]
他对这令人震撼的消息感到震惊,因为我能看见他脸上吃惊的表情。
【名师点津】shock表示“吃惊;震惊;令人震惊的事情”时是可数名词;表示“(身心受到的)打击;震惊”和“休克”时是不可数名词。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①Everyone in the street was 　　　　　(shock) when they heard the news.
②　　　　　　 (shock) by the explosion,people ran about in the street.
③His not passing the final exam was 　　　　　　great shock to his parents.
④我震惊地望着丈夫,期待他告诉我,这一切都是我的误解。但他只是摇了摇头。
I looked at my husband 　　　　 　　　　　　,waiting for him to tell me that I had misunderstood everything.But he only shook his head.
shocked　
Shocked　
a　
in shock
3.trap vt.使落入险境;使陷入圈套　n.险境;陷阱
(1)be/get trapped in 被困在……中;陷入困境
trap sb into (doing) sth 诱骗某人(做)某事
(2)set a trap for 给……设圈套
fall into a trap落入圈套/陷阱
【佳句背诵】Trapped in the ruins,the girl still wore a smile,waiting to be rescued.[人物描写]
被困在废墟中的女孩仍然面带微笑,等待救援。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/句式升级
①When the accident happened,they were trapped 　　　　　the lift.
②If you walk into the forest,you’re likely to fall 　　　　　a trap.
③Because of the greenhouse effect,the earth is warmed by gases which are trapped in the atmosphere.
→Because of the greenhouse effect,the earth is warmed by gases
　　　　　 　　　　　the atmosphere.(分词短语作状语)
in　
into　
trapped in
4.bury vt.埋葬;安葬
bury...in...把……埋到……里
bury one’s face in one’s hands双手掩面
be buried in=bury oneself in埋头于;专心于;沉浸于
【佳句背诵】Though buried in books these days,I have still joined several student clubs in order to improve myself.[人物介绍]
虽然这些天我埋头读书,但我还是加入了几个学生俱乐部以提高自己。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/句式升级
①Since his wife left,he has buried himself 　　　　　his work.
②The girl was sitting on the bench in the park,　　　　　(bury) her head in the book.
③He stood on the sidewalk with his hands 　　　　　(bury) in the pockets of his dark overcoat.
④Because he was buried in his book,he didn’t notice that all the others had left.
→_________ ________ ________ _________,he didn’t notice that all the others had left.(分词短语作状语)
in　
burying　
buried　
Buried in his book
5.breathe vi.& vt.呼吸
breath n.呼吸
hold one’s breath屏住呼吸
out of breath气喘吁吁地,上气不接下气地
take a deep breath=breathe deeply深呼吸
【佳句背诵】Among the four seasons in a year,summer is my favourite.The morning air is good to breathe.[事物介绍]
在一年的四个季节中,夏天是我最喜欢的季节。早晨的空气呼吸起来棒极了。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①Tired and out 　　　　　breath,Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.
②How long a person can hold his 　　　　　(breathe) underwater depends a lot on how healthy he is.
③If you take 　　　　　deep breath,you can stay underwater for more than a minute.
④我们到达山顶时气喘吁吁。
We were ________ _______ ________ when we got to the top of the hill.
of　
breath　
a　
out of breath
6.effort n.努力;艰难的尝试;尽力
make an effort to do sth努力做某事
spare no effort to do sth不遗余力地做某事
with great effort 努力
through one’s efforts经过某人的努力
it takes effort to do sth做某事需要努力
【佳句背诵】Another reason why we should never give up is that we can learn from our mistakes only if we make an effort.[观点看法]
另一个让我们永不放弃的理由是,只有努力,我们才能从错误中学习。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①It takes great effort 　　　　　　　　　(master) a foreign language.
②She took a deep breath and sat up slowly 　　　　　great effort.
③Everyone ought to have a will and spare no effort _______________　　　　　　　　　　(achieve) our target.
④只要我们每天都不遗余力地做一点事情,我们就会有真正的改变。
As long as we ________ _________ _______to do a little bit every day,we’ll make a real difference.
to master　
with　
to achieve　
spare no effort
7.suffer vt.遭受;蒙受　vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
(1)suffer pain/defeat/a loss 遭受痛苦/失败/损失
suffer from受……之苦;患……病
(2)sufferer n.患病者;受苦者;受难者
(3)suffering n.苦难;痛苦;让人痛苦的事(常用复数)
【佳句背诵】Although we are suffering such a severe natural disaster,we will eventually overcome the difficulty as long as we don’t lose heart.[提供建议]
尽管遭受如此严重的自然灾害,但只要不灰心,我们终会克服困难。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①The civil war of that country has brought great 　　　　　　　(suffer) to tens of thousands of people.
②Later,he worked in Africa,where many people suffered 　　　　blindness for lack of proper treatment.
③在经历了一场大地震并被夷为废墟后不久,这座城市就焕然一新。
Shortly after 　　　　　 　　　　　a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins,the city took on a new look.
sufferings　
from　
suffering from
多义词汇——自主练透
Ⅰ.一词多义
context
A.n.上下文　B.n.环境　C.n.背景
①He always provides a context that makes his characters believable.　　
②You should be able to guess the meaning of the word from the context.
　　
③Autonomous learning is affected by learners’ internal factors and social context.　　
C
A
B
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
breathe
项目 意义 例句
熟义 vt.& vi.　 　 People are concerned about the quality of the air they breathe.
生义 vt.　　　　　　 He never breathed a word about our conversation.
呼吸
说出
重点句式——多维剖析
1.too...to do sth 太……而不能做某事
【教材原句】Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat,and dogs refused to go inside the buildings.
鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安,不愿进食;狗拒绝进入屋内。
(1)too...to...表示“太……而不能……”,可转化为not...enough to...和so...that...。
(2)(only) too...to...表示肯定,其中too后的形容词多数是表示某种心情的,如glad、pleased、willing、ready、thankful、delighted、eager、anxious、determined、happy等,也有描绘性的形容词,如good、kind、true、easy等。
(3)too...to...中的too前面用了否定词(如never)时,表示肯定。
【佳句背诵】This question is too difficult for the children to answer.I think we’d better find a way to simplify it.[观点看法]
这个问题对孩子们来说太难回答了。我认为我们最好找到一种方法来简化它。
【即学即练】单句写作/句型转换
①那个人太累了,走不动了。
The man was ________ _________ _________ _______any farther.
②活到老,学到老。
It is never ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________.
③我们很乐意帮助你。
We are ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________you.
④I’m too anxious about the coming exam to fall asleep at night.
→ I’m _________ _______ ________the coming exam 　　　　　I cannot fall asleep at night.
too tired to go　
too old to learn　
too ready to help
so anxious about
that
2.as if引导的句子
【教材原句】It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
仿佛世界末日即将来临!
as if=as though既可以引导方式状语从句也可以引导表语从句。当说话者认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时,从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下:
虚拟情况 从句谓语
表示与现在事实相反 一般过去时(be动词一般用were)
表示与过去事实相反 过去完成时
表示与将来事实相反 would/could/might+动词原形
【名师点津】如果as if引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同,且从句含有be动词时,可省略从句的主语和be动词,这样as if 后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。
【佳句背诵】Look at the clouds in the sky!It looks as if it is going to rain.Let’s hurry up.[环境描写]
看看天上的云!看起来好像要下雨。咱们快一点。
【即学即练】单句写作/一句多译
①她看上去像一位天使。
It looks as if ___________ ___________ an angel.
②他说起罗马来好像他以前去过那里似的。
He talks about Rome as if __________ __________ __________ ________　　　　before.
③会议似乎永远也不会结束。
It seems as if the meeting __________ __________ __________ .
他张开嘴好像要说什么。
→④He opened his mouth as if he __________ __________ something.
→⑤He opened his mouth as if __________ __________ something.
she were　
he had been there　
would never end　
would say　
to say
本 课 结 束