2024年课标版高考英语第二轮专题练习--满分练2　阅读理解+七选五（含答案与解析）

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2024年课标版高考英语第二轮专题
满分练(二)　阅读理解+七选五
(限时:40分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2023四川成都二诊)
How do you decide which charities to support If a charity receives a high ranking,it must be effective at meeting its mission.Therefore,we pick some international charities that rank A+ in terms of financial health,accountability,and transparency.
International Children’s Fund
The mission of the International Children’s Fund (ICF) is to come to the aid of needy children worldwide since 1987.This charity distributes life-saving food,clothing,medicine and it supports the construction of orphanages,schools,churches and vocational training centers across the African continent.ICF uses an impressive 99.7 percent of its funding for projects.
Direct Relief
With a history of over 7 decades,Direct Relief (DR) is a humanitarian organization with a mission to improve the health and lives of people affected by poverty and emergencies.DR’s assistance programs focus on emergency preparedness and disaster relief,disease prevention and treatment of the most vulnerable populations.DR uses a 99.4 percent of its funding for programs.
MAP International
Since its foundation in 1954,MAP has served millions of people.Its mission is to provide medicines and health supplies to those in need around the world so they might experience life to the fullest.At present,MAP is responding to recent emergencies that include areas hit by earthquakes or hurricanes,as well as helping refugees.Contributions go a long way here;a $25 donation provides $1,500 of medicine.A notable 99 percent of its funding is used for aid programs.
Books for Africa
Books for Africa organization collects,sorts,ships and distributes books that are donated by publishers,schools,libraries,organizations,and individuals.Volunteers choose books that are age and subject appropriate.Enough books for entire classes are sent.To date,41 million books have been distributed to once-empty libraries and rural schools in every African country.This organization,founded 35 years ago,also uses 99 percent of its funding for its missions.
1.What does MAP focus on
A.Building schools.
B.Improving people’s fitness.
C.Preventing natural disasters.
D.Supplying studying materials.
2.Which charity has the longest history
A.Direct Relief.
B.Books for Africa.
C.MAP International.
D.International Children’s Fund.
3.What do the listed charities have in common
A.The people who founded them.
B.The region they offer help to.
C.The organization that sponsors them.
D.The reputation they enjoy worldwide.
B
(2023福建漳州三模)
Mary had struggled to find the right words to convey her thoughts and feelings ever since she was a child.She was often told that she was “too quiet” or “too shy”,and as she grew older,she became increasingly self-conscious about her inability to articulate herself.It wasn’t that she didn’t have anything to say—far from it.Mary’s mind was constantly racing with ideas and observations,but no matter how hard she tried,she just couldn’t seem to get the words out.
“Mary,I need to talk to you,” Mr.Thompson,the boss of Mary’s new company,said one day,his voice serious.Mary’s heart sank.“Don’t worry,” Mr.Thompson said,noticing Mary’s panic.“It’s not that kind of conversation.I just want to talk to you about something that’s been on my mind lately.”
He paused for a moment,collecting his thoughts.“I’ve noticed that you’ve been struggling a bit lately.It seems like you’re having a tough time communicating with customers.I hear that you’re proficient at writing.So why not join our Advertising Department Besides,I have another suggestion...”
Mary kept nodding,unable to find the words to express her gratitude.
Following Mr.Thompson’s suggestion,Mary joined a writing competition.She had always been a talented writer,and she knew that she had the potential to create something truly special.So she set to work,pouring her heart and soul into her essay.The words started flowing,and Mary found herself writing with a newfound sense of clarity and purpose.
The judges of the competition were amazed by Mary’s essay,and they selected it as the winner.Mary was thrilled,and she was grateful to have finally found the right way to do a good job.
4.What does the underlined word “articulate” mean in paragraph 1
A.Teach.　　　 B.Express.
C.Behave. D.Encourage.
5.Why did Mr.Thompson have a talk with Mary
A.To point out her mistakes.
B.To advise her to quit the job.
C.To offer her some help.
D.To comfort her struggles.
6.What was Mary’s feeling when creating her essay
A.Confident. B.Determined.
C.Inspired. D.Relaxed.
7.What can best describe Mary’s experience
A.Actions speak louder than words.
B.All things are easy that are done willingly.
C.Loses on one side and gains on the other.
D.Diligence can make up for lack of intelligence.
C
(2023广东江门二模)
New words emerge in English all the time.In fact,in recent years more new words and phrases are entering the language than ever before,partly due to the increased willingness of lexicographers (词典编纂者) to include them in the dictionaries.
John Algeo who studies the history of language says,“As our culture changes,the language changes.American culture is going through a time of rapid change.”
Technology is moving fast,which has a big effect on language.The computer world produces hundreds of new words.New terms also come from business,medicine,and other fields.
Many new English words come from other languages.David Jost helps create the American Heritage Dictionary.“We constantly borrow words from other cultures,” he says.“This will go on forever in cultures.”
“People in many parts of the world speak English now.That is another reason why so many new words are entering the language,” says Algeo.
The American Dialect Society has a contest each year.The society selects a “new word of the year”,which gains high level of popularity on media for some days.Last year the winner was “information superhighway”,referring to a whole set of electronic network of information and people getting access to this network by computer.
New words often come in several forms,such as the back-formation (like enthuse from enthusiasm),the clipping (like zoo from zoological garden),and the compounding,etc.Over time,one form tends to win out.Take the compounding for instance.“Domestic partners” has been growing popular lately,even though many terms have been used to describe couples who live together but are not married.
“A new word rarely can be traced to one source,” says Algeo.“Several people tend to create a new word when a need for one exists.”
“Most new words have a limited life ‘span’,” say language experts.Only a few will survive through the next 100 years.
8.What might have least effect on English language
A.Culture. B.Technology.
C.Other languages. D.Language contests.
9.What does the writer want to demonstrate by mentioning “domestic partners”
A.It is a compounding word.
B.New words often come in several forms.
C.Over time,one form tends to win out.
D.A new word rarely can be traced to one source.
10.What can we learn from the passage
A.New words occur all of a sudden.
B.New words will become old or extinct.
C.Information technology helps the American Dialect Society.
D.American culture changes rapidly as well as English language.
11.What’s the best title of this passage
A.New Words Developing Naturally
B.English Language Changing Rapidly
C.English Vocabulary in a State of Development
D.New Words Influencing English Language
D
(2023河北张家口二模)
A new study found some primates (灵长类) are leaving their tree homes and spending more time on the ground.Led by Timothy Eppley,Ph.D.,scientists studied nearly 50 species of monkeys and lemurs (狐猴) to look at the reason behind these changes.
About 15 years ago,Eppley worked with southern bamboo lemurs,which were known to spend most of their days in the trees,feeding on bamboo leaves.However,he was surprised to find these lemurs were spending most time on the ground and had an incredibly diverse diet.He wondered whether habitat reduction and limited food resource availability were driving them move to the ground.This inspired him to begin this study.
He reached out to every researcher he could find who may have significant data on primates from Madagascar or the Americas,the two places with almost all tree-dwelling primates.
Eppley examined more than 150,000 hours of data observed on 32 monkey species and 15 lemur species at 68 sites.He found that they spent an average of only 2.5% of their time on the ground each month.But the findings showed some interesting differences.
“As habitats are degraded and the climate worsens,primates that are flexible enough to adapt because of their diverse diets or live in larger groups may be more likely to shift to life on the ground,” Eppley says.“However,other species that rely on fruit diets or live in small groups are less adaptable and are less willing to leave the tree.For these species,we will still need to enforce fast and effective conservation strategies to ensure their survival.”
Although moving to the ground has some advantages in certain situations,primates can face problems when they leave the trees.They can become victims of other animals and diseases.Besides,they will be faced with finding appropriate food resources on the ground,thus having a broad or flexible diet is important.Primates are important seed spreaders within their forest habitats.The loss of primates would lead to negative effects on the ecosystem.
12.Why did Timothy Eppley begin his study
A.To try to make primates more adaptive.
B.To study how monkeys differ from lemurs.
C.To figure out the reason for the loss of bamboo.
D.To find out why primates are turning to the ground.
13.How did Timothy Eppley carry out his research
A.By doing experiments.
B.By observing in the wild.
C.By studying collected data.
D.By interviewing the locals.
14.Which kind of primates are more likely to come down from trees
A.Those eating diverse diets.
B.Those with a large size.
C.Those feeding mainly on fruits.
D.Those living in small groups.
15.What will become a concern according to the study
A.Animals will become less adaptive.
B.The forest ecosystem will become worse.
C.More natural habitats will be lost.
D.More animal-related diseases will appear.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2023河北保定一模)
Gardening can be a fun and rewarding activity for people of all ages,but it can be especially beneficial for children.
Gardening enhances children’s senses and motor skills.In addition to being able to touch the soil,use various tools and seeds,children can also spot the differences between different plants,and hear sounds of different insects.　1　.Gardening activities like digging,planting,watering,and weeding can stimulate movements of the body,particularly arms and hands,and help children learn about the natural world.
　2　.Children’s curiosity about plants starts with the first seed they sow.They learn about natural process by observing the growth and fruit ripen.They also come to appreciate the vital role of insects and worms for plants and recognize that everything in nature is connected.
Plant care fosters (培养) patience and responsibility.　3　,and children learn what it means to be responsible for something to help ensure its health.Gardening also teaches children about caring for the environment,fostering a love and respect for nature.
Gardening promotes nutrition and healthy choices for kids.Planting and cultivating (培育) plants,picking vegetables and fruit,and involving kids in cooking with what they grew will certainly result in a wish to try and consume the food they prepared.They will gladly try vegetables and fruit they planted and cultivated themselves.　4　.
Gardening gives your family bonding time.Bonding with your family is so important,but it can be hard to realize with the digital age.　5　,which contributes to parent-child relationship.
A.Plants need regular and consistent care
B.Gardening gives you a chance to dial this back
C.Children get a head start on learning about science
D.Gardening involves scientific observations and creativity
E.It provides good,healthy outdoor activity for the whole family
F.This helps children to nurture self-confidence and healthy diet habits
G.Interacting with the surrounding nature encourages the learning process
答案：
Ⅰ.
A
[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些在财务健康、责任和透明度方面排名A+的国际慈善机构。
1.B　细节理解题。根据MAP International中的“Its mission is to provide medicines and health supplies to those in need around the world so they might experience life to the fullest.”可知,MAP的重点是改善人们的健康。故选B项。
2.A　细节理解题。根据International Children’s Fund中的“The mission of the International Children’s Fund (ICF) is to come to the aid of needy children worldwide since 1987.”,Direct Relief中的“With a history of over 7 decades,Direct Relief (DR) is a humanitarian organization with a mission to improve the health and lives of people affected by poverty and emergencies.”,MAP International中的“Since its foundation in 1954,MAP has served millions of people.”和Books for Africa 中的“This organization,founded 35 years ago,also uses 99 percent of its funding for its missions.”可知,慈善机构Direct Relief历史最悠久。故选A项。
3.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Therefore,we pick some international charities that rank A+ in terms of financial health,accountability,and transparency.”可推断,列出的慈善机构共同之处在于它们在世界范围内享有的声誉。故选D项。
B
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了玛丽在老板汤普森先生的建议下,通过写作来表达自己,并且找到了做好工作的正确方法。
4.B　词句猜测题。根据上文“Mary had struggled to find the right words to convey her thoughts and feelings ever since she was a child.She was often told that she was ‘too quiet’ or ‘too shy’”可知,随着年龄的增长,她越来越意识到自己无法表达自己。因此猜测articulate意为“表达”。
5.C　推理判断题。根据文章第三段的内容可推知,Mr.Thompson和Mary进行谈话是为了给她提供帮助。
6.A　推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“She had always been a talented writer,and she knew that she had the potential to create something truly special. ...The words started flowing,and Mary found herself writing with a newfound sense of clarity and purpose.”可推知,玛丽知道自己在创作方面有潜力,文字自然而然地流淌出来,因此她在创作文章时感到很自信,并非借助灵感创作,而是她本身就很擅长这件事。
7.C　推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,玛丽不擅长用言语表达自己,却在写作方面很有天赋。因此C项“Loses on one side and gains on the other.(有失必有得。)”能描述玛丽的经历。
C
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。英语中新词不断出现。事实上,近年来比以往任何时候都有更多的新词和短语进入英语,英语进入了快速发展和变化的阶段。文章对此进行了介绍。
8.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As our culture changes,the language changes.”,第三段第一句“Technology is moving fast,which has a big effect on language.”和第四段第一句“Many new English words come from other languages.”可知,文化、技术和其他语言都对英语有很大影响,故影响最小的是D项语言竞赛。
9.C　推理判断题。根据第七段第二句“Over time,one form tends to win out.”可知,作者提到“家庭伴侣”是为了证明随着时间的推移一种形式往往会胜出,也就是合成词。
10.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段“‘Most new words have a limited life ‘span’,’say language experts.Only a few will survive through the next 100 years.”可知,新词都有有限的“寿命”,会变老或消失。
11.C　主旨大意题。根据第一段“New words emerge in English all the time.In fact,in recent years more new words and phrases are entering the language than ever before,partly due to the increased willingness of lexicographers to include them in the dictionaries.”可知,文章主要是讲不断变化和发展的英语词汇,B项与词汇无关,A项的Naturally在文中未体现,D项强调新词和英语语言之间的联系,在文中并未体现,故选C项。
D
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项科学研究,研究发现因为森林的破坏以及气候变化使得一些灵长类动物被迫选择了到地面生活。
12.D　细节理解题。文章第二段讲到“He wondered whether habitat reduction and limited food resource availability were driving them move to the ground.This inspired him to begin this study.”可知Timothy Eppley开始研究是想找出灵长类动物选择地面生活的原因。
13.C　推理判断题。文章第四段讲到“Eppley examined more than 150,000 hours of data observed on 32 monkey species and 15 lemur species at 68 sites.”可知Eppley通过分析收集到的数据进行这项研究。
14.A　推理判断题。文章第五段讲到“primates that are flexible enough to adapt because of their diverse diets or live in larger groups may be more likely to shift to life on the ground”可知,那些饮食多样化的灵长类动物更倾向于到地面生活。
15.B　细节理解题。文章最后一段讲到“Primates are important seed spreaders within their forest habitats.The loss of primates would lead to negative effects on the ecosystem.”可知,灵长类动物是植物种子的传播者,如果它们到地面上栖息,将会影响森林的生态系统。
Ⅱ.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了园艺给孩子们带来的好处。
1.G　下文“Gardening activities like digging,planting,watering,and weeding can stimulate movements of the body,particularly arms and hands,and help children learn about the natural world.”列举了园艺活动中与周围的自然环境的互动,并说明了它们有助于孩子们去了解自然,是对G项“Interacting with the surrounding nature encourages the learning process”的具体说明,“digging,planting,watering,and weeding”照应G项中“Interacting with the surrounding nature”,上下文语意连贯。
2.C　根据下文可知,本段主要讲园艺可以激发孩子们对自然科学的兴趣,让他们在科学学习上有一个好的开端,故C项“Children get a head start on learning about science”是本段内容的概括,适合作主题句。
3.A　根据段首主题句“Plant care fosters patience and responsibility.”可知,本段讲照顾植物培养耐心和责任感,A项“Plants need regular and consistent care”承接主题句,和下文一起说明孩子们从照顾植物这件事上学到对事物要负有责任感,上下文语意连贯。
4.F　上文“They will gladly try vegetables and fruit they planted and cultivated themselves.”提出孩子们会尝试自己种植的蔬菜和水果,F项“This helps children to nurture self-confidence and healthy diet habits(这有助于培养孩子的自信和健康的饮食习惯)”承接上文,说明这样做的结果,句中“healthy diet habits”照应上文“vegetables and fruit they planted and cultivated themselves”,上下文语意连贯。
5.E　根据下文定语从句“which contributes to parent-child relationship.”可知,设空处会提到有助于亲子关系的事情,E项“It provides good,healthy outdoor activity for the whole family”中“good,healthy outdoor activity for the whole family”有助于培养亲子关系,同时照应主题句中“bonding time”,上下文语意连贯。
词汇积累:
1.(A)mission n.任务,使命
2.(A)in terms of 就……而言
3.(A)poverty n.贫穷
4.(B)convey v.表达
5.(B)gratitude n.感激
6.(B)thrilled adj.非常兴奋,极为激动
7.(D)diverse adj.不同的,各式各样的
8.(D)reduction n.减少
9.(D)appropriate adj.合适的
10.(七选五)curiosity n.好奇心
11.(七选五)contribute to 有助于,促成
熟词生义:
1.(C)term n.术语
2.(C)trace vi.追溯
长难句分析:
Although moving to the ground has some advantages in certain situations,primates can face problems when they leave the trees.
分析:本句为主从复合句,“Although moving to the ground has some advantages in certain situations”为Although引导的让步状语从句;when they leave the trees为when引导的时间状语从句。
句意:虽然在某些情况下向地面移动有一些优势,但灵长类动物离开树木时可能会遇到问题。
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