2024年课标版高考英语第二轮专题练习--满分练3　阅读理解+七选五（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024年课标版高考英语第二轮专题
满分练(三)　阅读理解+七选五
(限时:40分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2023陕西铜川二模)
Let’s play games from different countries and learn about different cultures.
Otedama (Japan)
It is played alone with five small sandbags.The player kneels down behind the sandbags,throws one in the air,then uses the same hand to quickly pick up another bag and catch the first.Keep going until you’re holding all five.Too easy Throw up all the bags and catch them on the back of your hand.
Fengzheng (China)
Fengzhengs or kites are believed to have been invented in China during the fifth century BCE by Mozi and Lu Ban.By the fifth century BCE,paper kites were being used for military purposes such as signaling and measuring distances.These days,locals commonly fly handmade kites to mark the arrival of spring.In Beijing,the kite string is traditionally cut to allow bad luck to be blown away by the wind.
Topfschlagen (Germany)
Germany is the world’s top exporter of chocolate,so no wonder this game is based on the sweet reward.Put some chocolate under an overturned cooking pot.Kids take turns crawling on the ground blindfolded and lightly strike whatever’s in their path with a wooden spoon.When the spoon hits the pot,the chocolate hunter gathers up the treasure.
EI Gatoy El Raton (Costa Rica)
It is a favorite group circle game for kids.One plays el gato (the cat);another is el raton (the mouse).The rest hold hands,forming a circle around the mouse.As the group skips and sings “the cat wants to get the mouse”,the cat runs outside the circle trying to touch the mouse.The players forming the circle raise and lower their arms to block the cat,and the mouse runs around to avoid being touched.When the cat “gets” the mouse,start over with a new cat and mouse.
1.Which game was once used for wars
A.Otedama.　　 B.Fengzheng.
C.Topfschlagen. D.EI Gatoy El Raton.
2.What is the reward for the Topfschlagen players
A.Kites. B.Beans.
C.Meat. D.Chocolate.
3.What is special about EI Gatoy El Raton
A.It requires at least four players in each round.
B.It is related with a country’s top exported goods.
C.It must be played by children and adults together.
D.It started in the East and spread all around the world.
B
(2023陕西渭南一模)
When I was a student at St.Joseph’s University,I began to spend time on the streets of Philadelphia,getting to know the men and women for whom these streets were their only home.The more I developed relationships with them and the more I got to know them,the harder it became to head home at night while they remained outside.
In this journey,I have had many great teachers—including Georgianna Simmons,who lost nine of her toes to frostbite(冻伤),and Joe Williams,with a college degree,who runs a rescue center for homeless men.
I’ve been doing this work for more than thirty years.People who have nothing have taught me so much about life.The lesson they have taught me is that people who are homeless need the same chances we all need:housing,education,employment,and healthcare.Contrary to our society,which values those it believes productive and rich and often ignores those who struggle with homelessness,I believe that every man,woman,and child has gifts.Everyone matters!
Therefore,I work for a society in which each person is given the chances and resources to achieve their fullest potential(潜力).I also believe that our greatest power is released when people come together across social boundaries(边界) to form a community.It is through “the power of us ” that we come to know the deepest truth of our humanity.This is what I truly believe,“None of us are truly home until all of us are home.”
4.Which of the following is true about the author after he knew more about the homeless
A.He wanted to make friends with them.
B.He admired the life they were living.
C.He decided to live on the streets.
D.He felt great pity for them.
5.What can we learn about Joe Williams
A.He has made studies on the homeless.
B.He has been homeless for a long time.
C.He has done something good for the homeless.
D.He has taken care of the homeless at his home.
6.What can be learned from paragraph 3
A.The homeless are taken seriously by the government.
B.We should provide houses for the homeless.
C.The homeless have fewer chances than us.
D.The number of the homeless is increasing.
7.Which could be the best title for the text
A.Everyone matters
B.How the homeless live
C.The best way to help the homeless
D.What we should do to help ourselves
C
(2023安徽马鞍山二模)
Accompanied by typical Jin Opera music,a red-faced performer with a long beard showed up at the hall of a high school in Taiyuan,Shanxi Province.All the students in the hall stood up and craned (伸长) their necks to get a better look.In their eyes,Jin Opera was something from the past.
They are not alone.It goes without saying that kids nowadays are much more familiar with popular music than traditional opera,which is why performing artist Wu Lingyun,together with his colleagues,goes to campuses to promote the art.
Wu Lingyun is best known for his role as Guan Gong,a general during the late Han Dynasty period.
Wu began playing the role in 1985,at the age of 21,and has been associated with it ever since.
Wu was significantly influenced by his parents,both of whom are also famous Jin Opera performers.With a natural talent for performing and great effort,Wu was soon recognized by audiences and later awarded the Chinese Drama Plum Blossom Award in 2000,the highest award for Chinese drama performing arts.
Given Wu’s considerable fame,one might think he would now prefer to enjoy a life of leisure.However,this is far from the case.Deep down,Wu has a big dream.He pictures a growing future for Jin Opera.Wu expects more chances for more people to get to know about the art,hoping Jin Opera could become a worldwide art.
Wu has also made some changes to the traditional art to bring it up-to-date.“Jin Opera should keep pace with the times if we want to bring it back to life and get the young generation to accept it,”he says.“Art without life can never survive.”
8.How did the students react to the performance at the hall
A.They became bored.
B.They got disappointed.
C.They felt curious.
D.They looked casual.
9.What do we know about Wu Lingyun
A.He got a top award in 2000.
B.He started his performance in his teens.
C.He now enjoys a leisure life.
D.He became famous because of his parents.
10.What does Wu Lingyun expect of Jin Opera
A.It’ll be studied as a college major.
B.It’ll be officially recognized.
C.It’ll have an easier performing form.
D.It’ll be popular across the world.
11.Which of the following best describes Wu Lingyun
A.Humorous. B.Kind-minded.
C.Cautious.　 D.Devoted.
D
(2023安徽宣城二模)
If you ask something of ChatGPT,an artificial-intelligence(AI) tool,you may immediately get the responses,completely certain and often wrong.The questions raised by technologies like ChatGPT cause much more tentative(不确定的) answers.But they are ones that managers ought to start asking.
One issue is how to deal with employees’ concerns about job security.Worries are natural.An AI that makes it easier to process your expenses is one thing;an AI that people would prefer to sit next to at a dinner party quite another.Being clear about how workers would redirect(重新使用) time and energy that is freed up by an AI helps foster acceptance.So does creating a sense of agency:research conducted by MIT Sloan Management Review and the Boston Consulting Group found that an ability to override an AI makes employees more likely to use it.
Arthur Jago of the University of Washington and Glenn Carroll of the Stanford Graduate School of Business investigate how willing people are to give rather than earn credit—specifically for work that someone did not do on their own.They showed volunteers something attributed to a specific person— an artwork,say,or a business plan — and then revealed that it had been created either with the help of an algorithm(算法) or with the help of human assistants.Everyone gave less credit to producers when they were told they had been helped,but this effect was more pronounced for work that involved human assistants.
The picture that emerges from such research is messy.It is also dynamic:just as technologies evolve,so will attitudes.But it is crystal-clear on one thing.The impact of ChatGPT and other AIs will depend not just on what they can do,but also on how they make people feel.
12.What should managers take into consideration when using technologies like ChatGPT
A.Skills used for them.
B.Issues caused by them.
C.Accuracy ensured in them.
D.Alternatives discovered for them.
13.What can we learn about employees’ attitude towards AI from paragraph 2
A.They find it can make their work more complicated.
B.They think it is a threat for AI to replace them at work.
C.They consider it’s normal for AI to finish all their work.
D.They feel it’s vital for them to acknowledge its abilities.
14.What did the volunteers think of a task accomplished with AI algorithm
A.They thought little of it.
B.They were unaware of it.
C.They spoke highly of it.
D.They felt envious about it.
15.What does the passage mainly talk about
A.The limitation of AI.
B.The importance of ChatGPT
C.The relationship between AI and humans.
D.The practical application of ChatGPT.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2023广东广州一模)
Home gardens produce delicious food.But that’s not their main virtue.
Imagine a plate holding two strawberries,identical in appearance.One came out of a supermarket box,probably harvested unripe.　1　The other was picked from a garden minutes before being eaten.The first one will probably taste like a slightly sour grape while the second is likely to be sweet and rich in flavour.
Supermarket strawberries are not entirely without advantages.They are convenient and available in the northern globe even in February.But the two berries differ from each other in the same way that hearing Beethoven’s Moonlight Sonata in a concert hall differs from listening to it on an old tape.　2　
Other people,however,think gardening is a waste of time.But the same could be said of cooking.There are cheap and decent restaurants around,so why bother to make your own meals 　3　 They mistake the product for the purpose.
Actually,a garden,especially in the early years,can produce little but frustration(挫败感).New gardeners may plant the wrong crops for their soil.Rabbits have an annoying habit of taking single bites of vegetables,then leaving the rest to go bad.　4　 No matter.The real joy of gardening is the time spent doing it.The deepest pleasure — as with cooking,writing,bringing up children or almost anything worthwhile — is in the work itself.A gardener’s memories revolve not around the food produced,but around long afternoons with hands in the dirt.
　5　
A.No one can ever avoid this hard stage.
B.So why don’t we start home gardening for delicious food
C.This might explain why many people desire a home garden.
D.These people misunderstand the ultimate appeal of gardening.
E.By the time it reached the plate it may have been off the plant for days.
F.To garden is to patiently and lovingly help life grow,in the ground and above it.
G.And even expert gardeners can lose a season’s harvest to uncooperative weather.
答案：
Ⅰ.
A
[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了来自不同国家的四个传统游戏。
1.B　细节理解题。根据Fengzheng (China)一节中“By the fifth century BCE,paper kites were being used for military purposes such as signaling and measuring distances.”可知风筝曾被用于战争。故选B项。
2.D　细节理解题。根据Topfschlagen (Germany)一节中“Germany is the world’s top exporter of chocolate,so no wonder this game is based on the sweet reward.”可知,Topfschlagen选手的奖励是巧克力。故选D项。
3.A　推理判断题。对比其他三个游戏,尤其根据 EI Gatoy El Raton(Costa Rica)一节中“It is a favorite group circle game for kids.”及其细节可推断,“猫捉老鼠”游戏必须要有四个及以上的人一起玩。故选A项。
B
[语篇解读]本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。当作者还是圣约瑟夫大学的学生时就开始关注流浪街头的那些人,那些人无家可归,作者30多年来一直致力于帮助他们,尊重他们,他们使作者认识到他们也需要和我们一样的机会,作者认为每个人都有天赋,每个人都有存在的价值。
4.D　推理判断题。第一段最后“The more I developed relationships with them and the more I got to know them,the harder it became to head home at night while they remained outside.”作者越了解他们,越难以当他们还流浪在外时自己回家,所以可以推断出作者对他们有深深的怜悯,故选D项。
5.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...Joe Williams,with a college degree,who runs a rescue center for homeless men.”可知,Joe Williams为无家可归的人做了些好事,故选C项。
6.C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“...that people who are homeless need the same chances we all need:housing,education,employment and healthcare.”可知,无家可归的人所拥有的机会要比我们正常人少,故选C项。
7.A　标题判断题。根据第三段可知,作者在长达30多年与无家可归者的接触中,了解了他们,从他们那学到了有关生活的很多东西,而我们的社会在忽视他们的价值,他们有天赋,他们每个人都很重要,这就是作者为此工作的原因,这就是作者写这篇文章的主旨。故选A项。
C
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是晋剧表演艺术家武凌云的艺术成就以及他推广晋剧成为一门世界艺术的决心。
8.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“All the students in the hall stood up and craned their necks to get a better look.In their eyes,Jin Opera was something from the past.”可知,孩子们伸长脖子一探究竟,由此可知,孩子们对这项艺术表演充满了好奇。
9.A　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“With a natural talent for performing and great effort,Wu was soon recognized by audiences and later awarded the Chinese Drama Plum Blossom Award in 2000,the highest award for Chinese drama performing arts.”可知,武凌云在2000年获得了中国戏剧界最高荣誉——中国戏剧梅花奖。
10.D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Wu expects more chances for more people to get to know about the art,hoping Jin Opera could become a worldwide art.”可知,武凌云希望更多人知道这门艺术,希望晋剧成为一门世界艺术,由此可知,他希望晋剧在全世界流行。
11.D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的内容以及尾段中的“Wu has also made some changes to the traditional art to bring it up-to-date.”可知,武凌云在取得一定成就后还要将晋剧推广到世界,而且还对晋剧做出改变,使其与时俱进,由此可推断,武凌云是一个对自己的事业全身心投入的人。
D
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章以人工智能ChatGPT引发的问题为引入,通过一系列研究和实验探讨了人工智能与人类之间的关系。
12.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The questions raised by technologies like ChatGPT cause much more tentative answers.But they are ones that managers ought to start asking.”可知,管理人员在使用ChatGPT等技术时应该考虑由它们引起的问题。
13.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“One issue is how to deal with employees’ concerns about job security.Worries are natural.An AI that makes it easier to process your expenses is one thing;an AI that people would prefer to sit next to at a dinner party quite another.”可知,员工认为人工智能在工作中取代他们,是一个威胁。
14.A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“They showed volunteers something attributed to a specific person...assistants.Everyone gave less credit to producers when they were told they had been helped,but this effect was more pronounced for work that involved human assistants.”可知,志愿者不喜欢使用AI算法完成的任务。
15.C　主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“The impact of ChatGPT and other AIs will depend not just on what they can do,but also on how they make people feel.”结合文章以人工智能ChatGPT引发的问题为引入,通过一系列研究和实验探讨了人工智能与人类之间的关系。可知,这篇文章主要讲的是人工智能和人类的关系。
Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章主要阐述了园艺的真正乐趣。
1.E　上文“One came out of a supermarket box,probably harvested unripe.”和下文“The other was picked from a garden minutes before being eaten.”说明这颗草莓在未成熟时就摘下来了,推断出这颗草莓等待了好几天,在成熟后才装入盘子进行食用,E项“当它被放到盘子里的时候,它可能已经离开植物几天了”,承接上下文,符合语境。
2.C　由上文“But the two berries differ from each other in the same way that hearing Beethoven’s Moonlight Sonata in a concert hall differs from listening to it on an old tape.”可知,超市的草莓和自家种的草莓的区别就好像在音乐厅听贝多芬的《月光奏鸣曲》和在旧磁带上听的区别,讲述了家庭花园的优点。C项“这或许可以解释为什么许多人渴望拥有一个家庭花园”和上文构成因果关系,是对上文内容的承接。
3.D　由上文“Other people,however,think gardening is a waste of time.But the same could be said of cooking.There are cheap and decent restaurants around,so why bother to make your own meals ”及下文“They mistake the product for the purpose.”可知人们对园艺是存在误解的,D项“这些人们误解了园艺的终极魅力”,承上启下,符合语境。
4.G　由上文“Actually,a garden,especially in the early years,can produce little but frustration.”,G项 “即使是专业的园丁也会因为不配合的天气而损失一季的收成”是对上文产生挫败感这个内容的举例说明。
5.F　上文“The deepest pleasure—as with cooking, writing,bringing up children or almost anything worthwhile—is in the work itself.A gardener’s memories revolve not around the food produced,but around long afternoons with hands in the dirt.”可知,这里讲述了做园艺活的乐趣,F项“做园艺活就是耐心地和爱护地帮助那些地上和地下的生命茁壮成长”是对做园艺这件事情意义的升华,是对上文内容的承接。
词汇积累:
1.(A)kneel down 跪下 　
2.(A)signal vt.表明,表示
3.(A)mark vt.是……的迹象
4.(A)block vt.堵住
5.(B)contrary to 与……相反
6.(B)matter vi.重要
7.(B)release vt.释放
8.(C)show up 出现
9.(C)be associated with 与……有联系
10.(C)leisure n.闲暇
11.(C)keep pace with 跟上
12.(D)security n.保障
13.(D)reveal vt.透露
14.(D)dynamic adj.充满活力的
15.(七选五)differ from 不同于
熟词生义:
(C)accompany vt.为……伴奏
长难句分析:
Being clear about how workers would redirect time and energy that is freed up by an AI helps foster acceptance.
分析:本句为主从复合句,how引导宾语从句;that引导定语从句,修饰先行词energy。
句意:明确员工将如何重新分配由人工智能释放出来的时间和精力,有助于培养接受度。
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