2024年课标版高考英语第二轮专题练习--满分练8　完形填空+语篇填空（含答案与解析）

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2024年课标版高考英语第二轮专题
满分练(八)　完形填空+语篇填空
(限时:25分钟)
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2023陕西铜川二模)
Children know the difference between right and wrong before they reach the age of two,according to a new research 　1　 recently.
Scientists have 　2　 that babies aged between 19 and 21 months understand fairness and can 　3　 it in different situations.They say it is the first time that having a 　4　 of fairness has been identified in children at such a young 　5　.
Researchers say babies will watch a 　6　 for longer if they think it contains something unfair,so in two experiments the babies were 　7　 on how long they watched a live scenario (情景) about fairness.
In the first,19-month-olds 　8　 two giraffe puppets (玩偶) given either a toy each or both toys to one of the giraffes.Longer looking times 　9　 that something was unusual or 　10　 to the baby.In this experiment,three-quarters of the babies looked longer when one giraffe got 　11　 toys.
In a second experiment,two women 　12　 each other with a pile of small 　13　 between them and an empty plastic box in front of each of them.In one scenario,one woman 　14　 put the toys away,while the other kept playing,but both women were given 　15　.In another scenario,both women put the toys away and both got a reward.The 　16　 21-month-old babies looked reliably 　17　 when the worker and the slacker (偷懒的人) were rewarded equally.
Psychologist Stephanie Sloane,who led the study at Illinois University,said:“We discovered that 19 and 21-month-old babies have a general 　18　 of fairness,and they can apply it 　19　 to different situations.”
The 　20　 appear in Psychological Science,a journal published by the Association for Psychological Science.
1.A.conducted　 B.reviewed
C.published D.processed
2.A.hoped　　 B.found　　
C.warned　　 D.agreed
3.A.apply B.feel
C.prove D.access
4.A.range B.matter
C.sense D.combination
5.A.life B.market
C.age D.class
6.A.performance B.tape
C.scene D.play
7.A.timed B.tested
C.educated D.placed
8.A.received B.included
C.took D.saw
9.A.recommended B.noted
C.stated D.indicated
10.A.unique B.unexpected
C.difficult D.unknown
11.A.several B.other
C.both D.no
12.A.faced B.helped
C.treated D.touched
13.A.books B.stones
C.clothes D.toys
14.A.dutifully B.simply
C.quickly D.eventually
15.A.instructions B.options
C.credits D.rewards
16.A.growing B.watching
C.crying D.sleeping
17.A.farther B.longer
C.closer D.deeper
18.A.pattern B.description
C.expectation D.explanation
19.A.directly B.early
C.creatively D.appropriately
20.A.limitations B.requirements
C.theories D.findings
Ⅱ.语篇填空
(2023福建泉州三模)
Nearly three decades after Beijing People’s Art Theater presented the story of Li Bai in a play,that of Du Fu was also brought to the stage.
The new play,Du Fu,highlights 1.　　　　　　 last 15 years of the life of the master poet from the Tang Dynasty.“This play is our theater’s new exploration in 2.　　　　　　(present) a historical theme.Our approach is 3.　　　　　　(difference) from previous plays,including the stage design,the use of video technology,and the integration of classical and oral Chinese,” says Feng Yuanzheng,director of the play Du Fu.
While having the same actors for the main 4.(role),the cast has included a group of young actors,5.　　　　　　 aims to give them the chance to gain experience.“In my youth,we 6.(guide) by the senior actors,and went through thick and thin on the stage.Now it is our turn 7.　　　　　　(lead) the young actors,and give them more 8.　　　　　　(opportunity) so they can grow,” Feng says.
Feng,60,was 9.　　　　　　(recent) announced as the new president of the Beijing People’s Art Theater.He is the fifth president in the theater’s 70-year history and the first one to come 10.　　　　　 an acting background.“To me,this job means more responsibility.I will keep on working hard,” Feng says.
答案：
Ⅰ.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究发现,年龄在19至21个月之间的婴儿可以理解公平,并可以将其应用于不同的情况。
1.C　根据句中的“Children know the difference between right and wrong before they reach the age of two”可知,“孩子们在两岁之前就知道对错之分”是一项研究发现,根据常识可知,研究发现应该是被发表出来,大家才知道的。故选C项。
2.B　根据上文“new research”可知,文章介绍的是一项新发现,由此可知,科学家发现年龄在19至21个月之间的婴儿理解公平。故选B项。
3.A　根据下文“We discovered that 19 and 21-month-old babies have a general 　　　of fairness,and they can apply it 　　　to different situations.”中的“apply”可知,婴儿可以将公平适当地应用于不同的情况。故选A项。
4.C　根据句中“fairness”可知,“公平”是一种感觉,是一种理解力,“a sense of...”意为“……的感觉”。故选C项。
5.C　根据上文“Scientists have 　　　that babies aged between 19 and 21 months understand fairness and can 　　　it in different situations.”中的“between 19 and 21 months”可知,“19至21个月大”是个非常年轻的年纪。故选C项。
6.C　根据下文“In the first,19-month-olds 　　　two giraffe puppets given either a toy each or both toys to one of the giraffes.”可知,在实验中,研究人员向婴儿展示了不同的场景,由此可知,婴儿观看了关于公平的现场场景。故选C项。
7.A　根据上文“Researchers say babies will watch a 　　　for longer if they think it contains something unfair”可知,如果婴儿认为一个场景包含不公平的内容,他们会观看更长的时间,由此可知,研究人员对婴儿的观看时间进行计时了。故选A项。
8.D　根据下文“two giraffe puppets given either a toy each or both toys to one of the giraffes”可知,研究人员向婴儿展示了一个场景,由此可知,19个月大的孩子看到了这个场景。故选D项。
9.D　根据上文“Researchers say babies will watch a 　　　for longer if they think it contains something unfair”可知,研究人员根据婴儿观看时间的长短来做出判断,由此可知,看的时间越长,表明对婴儿来说有什么不寻常的事情。故选D项。
10.B　根据句中“unusual”可知,婴儿发现了不寻常的事情,由此可知,这些事情是出乎意料的。故选B项。
11.C　根据上文“Researchers say babies will watch a 　　　for longer if they think it contains something unfair”可知,如果婴儿认为一个场景包含不公平的内容,他们会观看更长的时间,由此可知,当一只长颈鹿得到两个玩具时,这是一个不公平的场景,四分之三的婴儿看的时间更长,“both”意为“两个……(都)”,符合语境。故选C项。
12.A　根据句中“a pile of small 　　　between them”可知,两名女性中间放着一堆小玩具,由此可知,两名女性是面对彼此的。故选A项。
13.D　根据下文“In one scenario,one woman 　　　put the toys away”中的“toys”可知,两名女性中间放的是小玩具。故选D项。
14.A　根据下文“while the other kept playing”可知,两名女性形成对比,一位女性尽职尽责地把玩具收起来,而另一个继续玩,“dutifully”突显了两者的对比。故选A项。
15.D　根据下文“In another scenario,both women put the toys away and both got a reward.”中的“reward”可知,实验中会给予奖励。故选D项。
16.B　根据上文“so in two experiments the babies were 　　　on how long they watched a live scenario about fairness”可知,研究人员要记录婴儿的观看时间,由此可知,这是一些正在观察的21个月大的婴儿。故选B项。
17.B　根据上文“Researchers say babies will watch a 　　　for longer if they think it contains something unfair”可知,研究人员表示,如果婴儿认为一个场景包含不公平的内容,他们会观看更长的时间,由此可知,当工作的人和偷懒的人得到同等奖励时,婴儿确实看了更长时间。故选B项。
18.C　根据上文“They say it is the first time that having a 　　　of fairness has been identified in children at such a young 　　　.”可知,19至21个月之间的婴儿有公平感,由此可知,他们对公平有着普遍的期望。故选C项。
19.D　根据上文“They say it is the first time that having a 　　　of fairness has been identified in children at such a young 　　　.”可知,19至21个月之间的婴儿有公平感,由此可知,他们可以将公平适当地应用于不同的情况。故选D项。
20.D　根据首段“Children know the difference between right and wrong before they reach the age of two,according to a new research 　　　recently.”可知,本文介绍了最近发表的一项研究发现,由此可知,这些发现发表在心理科学协会出版的《心理科学》杂志上。故选D项。
Ⅱ.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了北京人民艺术剧院继上演了《李白》之后,又上演了新剧《杜甫》。
1.the　考查冠词。分析句子结构,名词前需使用冠词,因years被介词短语修饰表示特指,应使用定冠词。
2.presenting　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构,根据空白处前面的介词可知空白处可填名词、代词、动词-ing形式,因此括号内的动词应使用动词-ing形式,故填presenting。
3.different　考查词性转换。be different from与……不同。
4.roles　考查名词的数。根据上文“the same actors”可知应使用名词的复数,故填roles。
5.which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构,这是一个包含非限制性定语从句的复合句,设空处在定语从句中作主语代指前面一整句话,应使用关系代词which。
6.were guided　考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构,空白处在句子中作谓语,描述过去的事情,用一般过去时,因与主语之间为被动关系,需使用被动语态,故填were guided。
7.to lead　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构,It is one’s turn to do sth.意为“轮到某人做某事”,故填to lead。
8.opportunities　考查名词的数。根据空白处前面的more可知应使用名词的复数形式,故填opportunities。
9.recently　考查词性转换。分析句子结构,设空处修饰后面的过去分词announced,需使用副词。
10.from　考查介词。come from来自……。
词汇积累
1.(完形填空)put the toys away 把玩具收起来
2.(完形填空)apply it appropriately to different situations将其适当地应用于不同的情况
经典句型
They say it is the first time that having a sense of fairness has been identified in children at such a young age.(it is the first time that...)
他们说,这是首次察觉在孩子这么小的时候就意识到公平。
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