人教版（2019）必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters Discovering Useful Structures 定语从句入门课件(共36张PPT)

(共36张PPT)
The Attributive Clause
（定语从句）“入门”
From：UNA
目
录
定语从句的相关定义
定语从句的分类
(限制性定语从句 & 非限制性定语从句)
定语从句关系词的选择
01
02
03
The boy is Harry Porter.
The handsome boy is Harry Porter.
定语
Which one is Harry Porter
Which one is Harry Porter
The boy _______________________ is Harry Porter .
who is wearing glasses
定语从句
目
录
定语从句的相关定义
定语从句的分类
(限制性定语从句 & 非限制性定语从句)
定语从句关系词的选择
01
02
03
定语：修饰、限定、说明名词或代词
品质或特征的词或词组。
01 定语从句的相关定义
1. 前置定语：被修饰词前
2. 后置定语：被修饰词后
Eg. beautiful girl
Eg. the weather in Beijing
定语从句：在复合句中，修饰名词或
代词的句子。 在句中做定
语。（又称为形容词性从句，它
在句子中起形容词的作用。）
01 定语从句的相关定义
先行词
关系代词
先行词 关系词（引导词） 从句的其他成分
定从结构
从句的其他成分
The boy who is wearing glasses is Harry Porter .
He has a great father.
His father can do anything for him.
He has a great father
who can do anything for him
修饰先行词 father
定从结构
I like music.
Most people like the music.
I like music
（that）most people like.
that 修饰先行词 music
that 在从句中做宾语.(可以省略)
定从结构
I like singers.
The singers sing the words clearly.
I like singers
who sing the words clearly.
who 修饰先行词 singers
who 在从句中做主语. (不能省)
定从结构
先行词：被定语从句修饰的词。先行词一
般是名词或代词。（“先行”，顾
名思义，走在前面的意思，即放在定语
从句的引导词前面。）
The boy who is wearing glasses is Harry Porter .
先行词
01 定语从句的相关定义
关系词：引导定语从句的词。（连接先行
词与从句的词。）有关系代词和
关系副词。
连接
The boy who is wearing glasses is Harry Porter .
关系词
01 定语从句的相关定义
目
录
定语从句的相关定义
定语从句的分类
(限制性定语从句 & 非限制性定语从句)
定语从句关系词的选择
01
02
03
定语从句
The Restrictive Attributive Clause
限制性定语从句
The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause
非限制性定语从句
是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。
和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句，写时往往逗号分开。
禁用that
关系代词在任何情况下都不能省略
02 定语从句的分类
区别 限制性定从 非限制性定从
形式 无逗号 有逗号分开
作用 修饰限制 补充说明
从句能否删除 不能 能
先行词是（词/句） 词 词/句
限定&非限定区别：
02 定语从句的分类
目
录
定语从句的相关定义
定语从句的分类
(限制性定语从句 & 非限制性定语从句)
定语从句关系词的选择
01
02
03
定
语
从
句
的
关
系
词
关
系
代
词
关系
副词
that, which
who, whom, whose
as
where (地点状语)
when (时间状语)
why (原因状语)
03 定语从句—关系词
关系词的作用：
关系代词和关系副词有三大作用
连接
替代
成分
连接定语从
句和主句
替代前面的先行词
在定语从句中要充
当一定的句子成分
03 定语从句—关系词
关系代词：
03 定语从句—关系词
（who, whom, which, that, whose）
指人 指物 作用 在定语从句中的成分
who
whom
which
that
whose
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
主语
主语
主语
宾语(可以省略)
宾语(可以省略)
宾语（可以省略）
宾语（可以省略）
定语=sb’s or sth’s
连
接
His father is the person who will be
most unhappy.
先行词是人
关系词在从句中作主语不可省
Tom is the boy (who/whom) we saw in the shop.
先行词是人
关系词在从句中作宾语可省
关系代词省略：
03 定语从句—关系词
关系代词which，that，who，在从句中作主语和宾语，作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可省略。
注意：
03 定语从句—关系词
关系副词：
03 定语从句—关系词
关系副词 作用 指代 在从句的
成分
when
where
why
连
接
时间
地点
reason
作时间状语
作地点状语
作原因状语
when 指时间，先行词是时间名词，在定语从句中作时
间状语,相当于“介词+which”.
Can you tell me the time when the film will start
=Can you tell me the time at which the film will start
易错点：先行词表示时间，不一定用when引导从句
where 指地点，先行词是地点名词，在定语从句
中作地点状语,相当于：“介词+which”.
This is the school where I used to study.
= This is the school in which I used to study.
易错点：先行词表示地点，不一定用where引导从句
why 的先行词只有reason一词，在从句中充当原因
状语，相当于“for+which”。
易错点：先行词为reason，不一定用why引导从句
1. This is the reason I gave him.
2. The reason I passed the exam is I study hard.
why
that
which
先行词虽然是地点或时间，但是当地点或时间在从句中充当主语或宾语时，仍然用that/which.
This is the room that/which I lived in .
September 18th is the day that/which all the Chinese never forget.
注意：
如何选用定语从句的关系词 （解题步骤）
1.首先分清主句和定语从句。
2.确定定语从句的先行词。
3.把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句
中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语或状语）,
若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语则选择关
系代词，若在从句中做状语，则选择关系副词。
关系词的选择：
03 定语从句—关系词
熟能生巧
0
Let's do it together
1. Those men and women ________ are present at our class are all experienced teachers.
2. Our class is a big family__________ consists of 23 girls and 29 boys.
3. Yao Hui is the boy ______ English study is very good in our class.
4. Tom would like to meet the boy _________ you talked about just now
5. we all know, our school is 50 years old.
who/that
/whom省略
who/that
whose
As
which/that
主语
主语
定语
宾语
宾语
练习题
that/ which
when
where
that/ which
that
why
宾语
时间状语
地点状语
宾语
宾语
原因状语
1.Do you remember the day __________ we spent
on the farm
2.Do you remember the day ______ we lived
in Beijing
3. Beijing is a beautiful city ______ I want to live.
4. Beijing is a beautiful city ____________ I want
to visit.
5. Is this the reason ______he explained at the
meeting for his careless in his work.
6. Do you know the reason _____ he did
not go to school
易错题
定
语
从
句
的
关
系
词
关
系
代
词
关系
副词
that, which
who, whom, whose
as
where (地点状语)
when (时间状语)
why (原因状语)
Summary
2. He who laughs last laughs best .
笑到最后的人才是英雄.
1. He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is
not a true man .
不到长城非好汉.
好句积累
课后作业：
整理今天的笔记
Thank you!
关系词 先行词 从句 成分 例句
关 系 代 词 who 人 主语 宾语 The women, who are standing there, are my teachers.
The woman who I talked with was my teacher.
whom 人 宾语 The woman whom I talked with was my aunt.
whose 人,物 定语 I like those books whose name is interesting.
that 人,物 主语 宾语 A plane is a machine that can fly.
Lihua is a clever boy that often studies hard.
which 物,句子 主语 宾语 I like this bag which I bought in the store.
Her bag , which is on the table, is beautiful.
as 人,物,句子 主语 宾语 As is known to all, he’s the richest young man in the world.
关 系 副 词 when 时间 状语 I still remember the day when I first met Lucy.
where 地点 状语 This is the place where I study and live.
why 原因 状语 I didn’t know the reason why he came so late.
先行词+关系词+从句的其他成分
归结一点：做定语从句要考虑的三大要素：
先行词，关系词，关系词在从句中作的成分.