北师版（2019）必修第一册UNIT 2 Sports and Fitness　LESSON 2 & LESSON 3课件(共92张PPT)

(共92张PPT)
UNIT 2
Section B　LESSON 2 & LESSON 3
Part 1　Reading comprehension
Part 2　Language points
目录索引
Part 3　Grammar
Part 1　Reading comprehension
第一步速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1　Read for the main idea.
Part 1(Para.1)　　 a.Advice to avoid injuries
Part 2(Para.2) b.Benefits of running
Part 3(Para.3) c.Greeting and the purpose of writing the email
Part 4(Paras.4-5) d.Equipment needed
Activity 2　Skim for the main structure.
Long-distance running Topic details
Who is it for For 1.　　　　　　　 ,including beginners
Equipment needed A pair of good 2.　　　　　　　　　
Benefits Help you get 3.　　　　 and 4.　　 　 diseases.
Cheer you up
Tips to avoid injuries 5.　　　　　　 and cool down properly before and after running
everyone
running shoes
fit
prevent
Warm up
第二步精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 3　Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Why long-distance running is a great sport for beginners
A.It prevents runners from getting diseases.
B.It can judge their ability of exercise.
C.It needs a special membership.
D.It costs nothing and is convenient.
D
2.If you are in low spirits,you can cheer yourself up by 　　　.
A.relieving aches
B.relieving tension
C.going for a run
D.strengthening your immune system
3.What should you do to avoid hurting yourself
A.Warm up and cool down before and after running.
B.Jog slowly before running.
C.Relax your body before running.
D.Cheer yourself up before running.
C
A
4.Where can the article come from
A.A textbook.　　　　 B.A website.
C.An advertisement. D.A guide book.
B
Activity 4　思考分享 提升思维
1.What’s your advice on running
2.Are you a runner Why do you like running
略
略
Activity 5　诵读佳句 学练写作
Read the passage carefully and find Dr.Martin’s advice on running.
If you are new to running,here is some advice for you—it is important to warm up and cool down properly before and after running,so you do not hurt yourself.A warm-up gets your blood flowing faster and prepares your body before you exercise.After a long run,you should jog slowly for ten minutes, then walk for five minutes.Such kind of warm-down relaxes your body after exercise.
第三步深读课文 融会提能
Activity 6　课文语篇填空
As is known to all,any exercise can do good to your health,one of 1.　　　　　　 is long-distance running in particular.
It has a lot of benefits.On the one hand,it is a great sport 2.__________　　 beginners,because you needn’t be a membership of a gym and do not need any special 3.　　　　　　(equip).On the other hand,it is a good way 4. 　　　　　　(know) yourself and understand what you are capable of.
which
for
equipment　
to know
Not only can running help you be healthy and prevent 5._____________　　　　　　(disease) but also can increase the flow of blood and oxygen to your brain and also can make your heart 6. 　　　　　　(strong).In addition,it can strengthen your immune system and reduce 7. 　　　　　　 risk of serious health problems.What’s more,anybody who 8.　　　　　　(feel) down can go for a run to cheer up and make them relieve from any aches or tension because of stress.
If you are a beginner for running,it is important to warm up and cool down 9.　　　　　 (proper) before and after running to avoid 10._________ 　　　　　　(hurt) yourself.After a big run,you should not stop immediately.
diseases　
stronger　
the　
is feeling
is feeling
hurting
Activity 7　长难句分析
1.As people often say,any exercise is better than none,but long-distance running in particular has a lot of benefits.
[句式分析]
as引导定语从句　　　 but引导并列句
As people often say,any exercise is better than none,but long-distance running in particular has a lot of benefits.
[尝试翻译]
正如人们常说的,任何运动都比不运动好,但是长跑好处尤其多。
2.Make sure you are running the right amount that your heart,muscles and bones can take without getting hurt.
[句式分析]　　 省略that的宾语从句
Make sure you are running the right amount that your heart,muscles and bones can take without getting hurt. that引导定语从句
　　 动词-ing形式作介词without的宾语
[尝试翻译]
确保你跑的量正好合适,你的心脏、肌肉和骨骼能够承受而不受伤害。
Part 2　Language points
基础落实 必备知识全过关
Ⅰ.重点单词
必记写作词汇
1.　 　　　　 n.通告,公告
2.　　　　　 n.防守队员,后卫
3.　　　　　 vt.使(某人)想起,提醒
4.　　　　　 vi.& vt.停止(做某事)
5.　　　　　 vt.占用,占去(时间)
6.　　 　　　 n.令人失望的人/事
7.　　　　　 vt.减轻,缓解
8.　　　　　 adj.令人尴尬的
announcement　
defence　
remind　
quit
occupy　
disappointment　
relieve　
awkward
识记阅读词汇
9.benefit n.　　　　　　　　　
10.equipment n. 　　　　　　　
11.prevent vt. 　　　　　　　
12.disease n. 　　　　　　　
13.detail n. 　　　　　　　
14.principle n. 　　　　　　　
15.achievable adj. 　　　　　　　
好处,益处　
设备,装备　
预防;阻止,阻挡
疾病　
细节　
原则,基本的观念　
可完成的;做得成的
串记拓展词汇
16.　　　　　 n.申请书→　　　　　 vt.申请→　　　　　　 n.申请人
17.　　　　　　 adv.惊人地,了不起地→　　　　　 vt.使吃惊
→　　　　　　 adj.令人吃惊的→　　　　　　 adj.感到吃惊的
18.　　　　　　　　 vi.& vt.(使)强健→　　　　　　 n.力气,力量
19.　　　　　 n.系统→　　　　　 adj.系统的;体系的;有系统的
→　　 　　　 adv.系统地;体系地;有系统地
application
apply
applicant　
amazingly
amaze
amazing
amazed　
strengthen
strength　
system
systematic
systematically
20.　　　　　 n.尤其,特别　adj.特定的→　　　　　 adv.特别地,尤其
21.　　　　　　 adj.能干的;能力强的→　　　　　　 n.能力
→　　　　　　 adv.能干地
22.　　　　　 n.满足,满意→　　　　　 vt.使……满意→　　　　　 adj.令人满意的→　　　　　 adj.感到满意的
particular
particularly　
capable
capacity
capably
satisfaction
satisfy
satisfactory
satisfied
【掌握构词规律　快速记牢单词】
合成词——两个单词合成一个新的单词:
warm+up→warm-up
half+way→halfway
guide+line→guideline
over+night→overnight
air+plane→airplane
foot+ball→football
green+house→greenhouse
after+noon→afternoon
in+door→indoor
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.in case 　　 　　　　　　　
2.sign up 　　　　　　　
3.ought to 　　　　　　　
4.cheer up 　 　　　　　　
5.厌烦,不满,无法再忍受 　　　　　　　
6.尤其,特别 　　　　　　　
7.有能力做 　　　　　　　
8.继续;保持 　　　　　　　
9.确保 　　　　　　　
以防万一　
报名　
应该,应当　
(使)高兴起来,(使)振作起来　
be fed up with　
in particular　
be capable of　
keep up　
make sure
要点探究 能力素养全提升
基础词汇——语境记忆
1.audience n.听众;观众
【佳句背诵】The audience were enthusiastic on the opening night of the play.[活动介绍]
那出戏首次公演之夜观众非常热情。
2.sign up 报名
【佳句背诵】What language class did you sign up for [语言学习]
你报名参加了什么语言课程
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.defence n.防守队员,后卫
(1)in defence (of...) 为了保卫(……)
(2)defend vt. 保护;保卫;为……辩护
defend oneself 自卫;为自己辩护
defend...from/against...防御/保卫……以免受……
【佳句背诵】She spoke bravely in defence of freedom of speech.[个人经历]
她勇敢地为言论自由辩护。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①Some think that students should be trained 　　　　　　　　(defend) themselves against some attacks.
②The monument is in memory of the soldiers who died in 　　　　(defend) of their country.
③When a dog attacked me,I picked up a stick to defend 　　　　　(I).
④Their duty is to defend the country 　　 　　　the enemy.
to defend
defence　
myself
from/against
⑤所有的人都在与洪水作斗争,以保卫自己的家园。
All the people were fighting against the flood________ ________ ________
their own homes.
⑥他请了一位顶尖的英国律师为他辩护。
He has employed one of the UK’s top lawyers _______ _______ ________.
in defence of　
to defend him
2.remind vt.使(某人)想起,提醒
(1)remind sb 提醒某人
remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
remind sb of sb/sth 使某人想起某人/某物
remind sb that... 提醒某人……
(2)reminder n. 起提醒作用的东西
【佳句背诵】Though reminded not to drive after drinking,some drivers are still trying their luck,which is really dangerous.[社会生活]
尽管被提醒不要酒后开车,一些司机仍然心存侥幸,这十分危险。
【温馨提示】熟记下面“v.+sb+of sth”短语
cure sb of sth治好某人的病
accuse sb of sth指控某人某事
cheat sb of sth骗取某人某物
inform sb of sth通知某人某事
convince sb of sth使某人相信某事
rob sb of sth抢劫某人某物
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①This has been a timely 　　　　　　　(remind) of the need for constant care.
②The teacher reminded us 　　　　　　　(pay) attention to the pronunciation of the new words.
③The earrings reminded me 　　　　　my grandma when I noticed them in the drawer.
④Please remind me 　　　　I should bring him a present for his birthday.
reminder　
to pay
of
that
⑤照片是为了提醒我们都欣赏美,我们都有享受快乐的共同欲望。
Photos are to _________ _________ _________we all appreciate beauty and that we all share a common desire for pleasure.
⑥我赞同苏珊的观点,她的文章使我想起我当过工人的父亲给我的一份最好的礼物——一支钢笔。
I agree with Susan,whose article_________ _________ _________ my best gift,a pen,given by my father,who was a worker.
remind us that
reminds me of
3.in case 以防万一
in case of... 假如发生……;万一发生……
in any case 无论如何,总之
in this/that case 假使这样/那样的话
as is often the case (with...) 这是常有的事
in no case决不,在任何情况下都不(用于句首时句子要用部分倒装)
【佳句背诵】Take the note as a reminder in case you forget to buy some sweets for the kids while shopping there.[家庭生活]
带着这张便条作为提醒,以防你在那儿购物时忘了给孩子们买糖果。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①Leave me a number so that I can reach you in case 　　　　　　an emergency.
②　　　　　　 this case,this worker may not need to do a formal impact analysis.
③　　　　　　 is often the case,solving one problem can cause or uncover another.
④任何人在任何情况下都不允许因私事在办公室用那部电话。
_________ _________ _________ _________ _________allowed to use that phone in the office for personal affairs.
of　
In
As　
In no case is anyone
⑤我们可能赶不上下一趟公共汽车,但无论如何,中午以前我们总可以到
那里。
We may miss the next bus,but _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ before midday.
⑥就像其他老人一样,我祖父也喜欢讲他当年的故事。
_________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________
other old people,my grandfather is fond of talking about his old days.
in any case we’ll
be there　
As is often the case with
4.occupy vt.占用,占去(时间)
(1)be occupied in doing sth/with sth忙于做某事
occupy oneself with sth/in doing sth 忙于某事;专心于某事
keep sb occupied 使某人忙碌
(2)occupation n. 占用;职业
【佳句背诵】As a matter of fact,these activities occupied most of my time.[个人生活]
事实上,这些活动占去了我大部分的时间。
He would have attended your birthday party but he had occupied himself with a very important experiment.[个人经历]
他本来想参加你的生日聚会,但是他忙于一个非常重要的实验。
【即学即练】单句填空/一句多译
①Later I went to a café to have lunch,but all the tables____________ (occupy).
②Choosing an 　　　　　(occupy) takes time,and there are a lot of things you have to think about.
这位家庭主妇一整天都忙于家务,累得筋疲力尽。
→③The housewife 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　all day,so she was tired out.(be occupied in)
→④　　　　　　 　　　　　　 all day,the housewife was tired out.(过去分词作状语)
→⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 all day,the housewife was tired out.(动词-ing形式作状语)
were occupied
occupation
was occupied in doing housework
Occupied in doing housework
Occupying herself in doing housework
5.disappointment n.失望;扫兴;沮丧
(1)disappointed adj.失望的,沮丧的
(2)disappoint vt.令……失望
(3)disappointing adj.令人失望的,令人沮丧的
(4)disappointment n.[U]失望,沮丧;[C]令人失望的人/事
to one’s (great) disappointment 令某人(非常)失望的是
【佳句背诵】He tried to mask his disappointment with a smile.[情绪感受]
他试图以微笑来掩饰他的失望。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①I am sorry 　　　　　　　　 (disappoint) you,but I can’t come after all.
②To her great 　　　　　　　(disappoint),none of her daughters would like to be a teacher.
③The news that he wouldn’t come was really 　　　　　　(disappoint).
④He was very 　　　　　　(disappoint) about not being able to go.
⑤I went to his talk with great interest,but 　　　　　my disappointment, nothing very new came forth.
to disappoint　
disappointment　
disappointing
disappointed
to
⑥看不到她在聚会上他很失望。
He _________ __________ _________ _________she wasn’t at the party.
⑦令他失望的是,从今年年初开始,房价一直在上涨。
_________ _________ _____________,the prices of houses have gone up ever since the beginning of this year.
⑧他没有通过考试,这个令人扫兴的消息让我们感到非常失望。
_________ ___________ _________that he failed the exam _________ _________very ____________ .
was disappointed to see
To his disappointment　
The disappointing news
made
us
disappointed
6.cheer up 使高兴起来,使振作起来
(1)cheer sb on 以喝彩声鼓励;为某人加油
cheer for 为……而欢呼
(2)cheering adj. 令某人高兴的
cheerful adj. 快乐的,高兴的
cheerfully adv. 欢快地;愉悦地
【佳句背诵】We all tried to cheer her up,but she continued to feel disappointed.[过去经历]
我们大家都想办法让她高兴起来,但她仍然感到沮丧。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①A thousand supporters packed into the stadium to cheer them 　　　　　.
②Accompanied by 　　　　　　(cheer)music,we began to dance.
③Debbie greeted her 　　　　　(cheer),and they got down to business.
④When I was ill,several friends sent me flowers to cheer me 　　　　　.
⑤当他将要放弃时我们尽力鼓励他。
We did our best to _________ _________ _________when he was about to give up.
⑥我们去看足球比赛并为我们最喜爱的球队加油吧。
Let’s go to the football game and _________ _________ _________ _________ _________.
on
cheerful　
cheerfully　
up
cheer him up
cheer our favourite
team on
7.be fed up with 厌烦的,不满的,无法再忍受的
feed sb up 用(大量食物)养肥,养壮
feed back 反应;反馈
feed sb/sth (on sth) 给人或动物食物;喂养
feed sth to sb/sth 喂……给……
feed on sth=live on sth (动物)以……为食;靠……活
【佳句背诵】The rain was going on and on,and I was fed up then.[过去经历]
雨不停地下,我倍感厌烦。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①After working in the business world for a while,Low got fed 　　　　　.
②The cows were feeding 　　　　　hay in the barn.
③I’m really fed up 　　　　　　　this constant rain.
④几个孩子正在给鸭子喂面包。
Several children were________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
up
on
with
feeding bread to the ducks
⑤蝙蝠在夜间飞行并且以昆虫和水果为食。
Bats fly at night and ________ ________ insects and fruit.
⑥最近她的身体更加虚弱了,你们必须把她养壮。
She has been getting weaker lately;you must _______ _______ _______well.
⑦这位推销员将售货情况反馈到了公司。
The salesman _______ _______ information _______ the firm about its sales.
feed on
feed her up
fed back
to
8.in particular 尤其,特别
(1)particular adj.特殊的;特别的;挑剔的
be particular about sth 对……讲究/挑剔
be particular to do sth 特地做某事
(2)in particular=particularly 尤其;特别;格外
【佳句背诵】The boy likes anything to do with nature in particular.
[人物介绍]
那个男孩尤其喜欢与自然界有关的一切。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①The young girl is going on a diet,so she is very particular 　　　　food.
②Is there anything in the film that you thought worked
　　　　　　(particular)
③What I 　　　　　　　　(particular) dislike about this lesson is that it is really boring.
④我不怎么讲究着装,我的妻子却很在乎我穿什么。
I _________ _________ _________ _________my clothes while my wife minds what I wear.
about　
particularly
particularly
am not particular about
⑤我们不应该瞧不起他人,尤其是残疾人。
We shouldn’t look down on others, _________ _________ _________.
⑥在所有商品中,我对棉布特别感兴趣。
Among all the goods,I am interested in the cotton piece _______ ________.
particularly the disabled
in particular
9.benefit n.好处,益处
(1)for the benefit of=for one’s benefit 为了……的利益
be of benefit to 有益于;对……有好处
have the benefit of 得益于
(2)benefit sb/sth 使某人或某物受益
benefit from/by... 从……中受益/获益
(3)beneficial adj.有利的;有益的;受益的
be beneficial to=be of benefit to...对……有益;对……有利
【佳句背诵】If I am lucky enough to be elected,I will make every effort to serve for the benefits of students and our club.[学校生活]
如果我有幸当选,我将尽最大努力为同学们和俱乐部的利益服务。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①We benefited greatly 　　　　　　 this frank talk,so we hoped to do that again some day.
②As is well known to all,sunshine is 　　　　　(benefit) to health.
③Some students think labour education will be 　　　　　great benefit to their health,enabling them to be well developed.
④We have brought down prices of medicines 　　　　　the benefit of people.
from
beneficial
of　
for
⑤我们都知道书是知识的源泉。我从阅读中获益匪浅。
As we all know,books are the source of knowledge.I 　　　　　　a great deal 　　　　　　reading.
⑥据说瑜伽对人的身体健康有很大好处。
It is said that yoga _________ _________ _________ _________ _________
human health.
⑦当你帮助其他同学时,同时你也复习了知识,你一定会从中获益。
When you help the other classmates,you can also revise the knowledge at the same time and you are sure to _________ _________it.
benefit
from
is of great benefit to　
benefit from
10.equipment n.设备,装备
equip v.配备;装备
equip sb for sth/equip sb to do sth 使某人有所准备;使某人有能力
equip...with... 用……装备……
be equipped with 配备;安装
【佳句背诵】The great importance of the quality of equipment for navigation should never be neglected.[科学技术]
航海探测设备的质量非常重要,不容忽视。
【温馨提示】equipment是不可数名词,没有复数形式,表示数量时,用piece修饰,a piece of equipment表示“一件设备”。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①Your training will equip you 　　　　　your future job.
②The company has bought a lot of new 　　　　　　(equip) since the new manager came to power.
③Please equip yourself 　　　　　　a pencil and a rubber for the exam.
④Owners of restaurants would have to equip them 　　　　　　 (admit) disabled people.
for
equipment　
with
to admit
⑤　　　　　(equip)with much experience in teaching,he is well respected by all his students.
⑥大多数父母想让他们的孩子接受良好的教育。
Most parents want to 　　　　　　　their children 　　　　　　　　a good education.
⑦这所现代化的学校里每间教室都配有一台新电脑。
Every classroom in this modern school _________ _________ _________
a new computer.
⑧他们正在为旅行做准备。
They are _________ _________ _________a journey.
Equipped
equip with
is equipped with　
equipping themselves for
11.prevent vt.预防;阻止,阻挡
prevent/stop/keep...from doing sth 阻止……做某事
protect...from/against 保护……不受……侵袭;挡住;防御
keep...doing sth使……一直做某事
【佳句背诵】Although the causes of cancer are being uncovered,we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it.[医疗健康]
虽然癌症的病因正被逐步揭开,但我们尚未有任何切实可行的办法来预防它。
Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification.[提出建议]
小心遵守所有规则,以免被取消资格。
【温馨提示】表示“阻止某人做某事”的短语还有keep sb from doing sth和stop sb from doing sth。其中keep sb from doing sth中的from不可以省略,其他两个短语中的from可以省略;在被动语态中from都不能省略。
We should take measures to prevent the flood (from) threatening that area.
我们应该采取措施防止洪水威胁那个地区。
Unless we get more funding we’ll be prevented from finishing our experimental programme.
我们如果得不到更多的经费,将无法完成实验计划。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①He said this would prevent companies from 　　　　　(create) new jobs.
②We must try to prevent our environment from 　　　　　　　(pollute).
③他的忠告使我避免了犯一个严重的错误。
His advice 　　　　 　me 　　　　　 　　　　　　a serious mistake.
creating
being polluted
prevented/kept/stopped
from making　
④这些防护林带有效地保护了农田,使之免受流沙侵袭。
These tree belts effectively 　　　　　　the farmland 　　　　　　shifting sand.
⑤他们被拦在了燃烧的大楼外面。
They _________ __________________ _________ _________the burning building.
protect
against
were prevented/kept/stopped from entering
12.relief n.减轻,缓解
(1)to one’s relief 使某人放心的是
give sb relief from pain 使某人减轻痛苦
breathe a sigh of relief 舒了一口气
with relief 欣慰地;松了一口气
(2)relieve vt.解除
relieve sb of... 解除某人的负担/痛苦
【佳句背诵】His jokes provided some humorous relief in what was really a boring speech.[活动介绍]
他的笑话给极其沉闷的演讲增加了几分轻松气氛。
They had to provide a relief bus because there were so many passengers.[社会生活]
因为乘客很多,所以他们不得不加派一辆公共汽车。
A doctor’s task is to work for the relief of patients’ suffering.[医疗健康]
医生的工作是解除病人的痛苦。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①I breathed 　　　　　　 sigh of relief when I heard he was safe.
②He watched 　　　 　　relief as the girl nodded.
③It was 　　　 　　relief to be able to talk to someone about it.
④He offered to 　　　　　(relief) me of that heavy parcel.
⑤　　　　　 her vast relief,nothing had happened:the sun was still shining.
a
with
a
relieve
To
⑥既然,你的女儿大学毕业了,你可以松一口气了。是吧
Now that your daughter is out of college,you can _________ _________ _________ _________ _________.Right
⑦使她欣慰的是有人拣到她丢失的智能手表并交了上来。
_________ _________ _________,someone had found her missing smart watch and handed it in.
breathe a
sigh of relief
To her relief
13.make sure 确保
(1)make sure后面接的成分可以是of/about sth或that从句,但一般不跟不定式。
(2)be sure of/about 确信……
be sure that... 确信……
be sure to do... 务必/一定/必定做……
for sure 肯定,确切地
【佳句背诵】We will do our best to make sure (that) you enjoy your visit.[社会生活]
我们会竭尽全力确保您访问愉快。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①Make sure 　　　　　the windows are shut before you leave home.
②Be sure 　　　　　(come) to my birthday party if you have time.
③If they are not satisfied,they will leave one day 　　　　　sure.
④他曾停下来喘口气,同时确定一下方向。
He had stopped to catch his breath and________ _________ _________
his directions.
⑤任何人如果采购食物时没列清单的话,肯定会忘了真正需要的东西。
Anyone who goes food shopping without a list_________ _________ _________ _________ the things they really need.
that
to come
for
make sure of/about
is sure
to forget
14.satisfaction n.满足,满意
(1)to one’s satisfaction 令某人满意的是
find/feel satisfaction at... 对……感到满意
in/with satisfaction 满意地
be far from satisfaction 令人很不满意
(2)satisfy vt.使满意;使高兴
satisfied adj.满足的;满意的
be satisfied with 对……感到满意
【佳句背诵】Looking at a beautiful painting always gives one satisfaction.[情绪感受]
观赏一幅美丽的图画总会使人心满意足。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①She smiled with 　　　　　(satisfy)at the cheering crowds beside the platform.
②To our 　　　　　　　　(satisfy),the problems were solved.
③She was 　　　　　(satisfy) with the outcome of her efforts.
④It was 　　　　　great satisfaction to have revisited our native village.
⑤她感到满意的是自己的才能被认可了。
She _________ _________ _________having her ability recognized.
satisfaction　
satisfaction　
satisfied
a
feels satisfaction at
⑥她停下笔来,满意地读了自己已写好的东西。
She stopped writing and read what she had written _________ _________.
⑦我想起一位朋友,她不会用插花来满足自己。
I think of one friend who couldn’t arrange flowers _________ _________ __________.
in/with satisfaction
to satisfy
herself
多义词汇——自主练透
Ⅰ.一词多义
1.case
A.n.状况,场合　B.n.事例,实例
①If that is the case,you will have to work much harder.　　
②The company only dismisses its employees in cases of gross misconduct.
　　
A
B
2.particular
A.n.尤其,特别　B.adj.特定的
①I remembered a particular story about a postman who was a murderer.
　　
②It was a good concert—I enjoyed the past song in particular.　　
B
A
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
1.defence
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n.　　　　　　　　　　　 He has been brought in to strengthen the defence.
生义 n.　　　　　　　　　　　　 They planned the defence of the town.
n.　　　　　　　　　　　　 The lawyer produced a clever defence of his client.
防守队员,后卫
防御;防护;保卫
(尤指法律上)答辩;辩护
2.benefit
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n.　　　　　　　　　　　 I’m a great believer in the benefits of this form of therapy.
生义 v.　　　　　　　　　　　 Both sides have benefited from the talks.
n.　　　　　　　　　　　 Steve didn’t have the benefit of a formal college education.
n.　　　　　　　　　　　 McCary will receive about $921,000 in retirement benefits.
n.　　　　　　　　　　　 There is a benefit performance to raise money for the sick girl.
好处,益处
得益,有益于
优势
保险,津贴
义演,义赛
重点句式——多维剖析
1.宾语从句中的虚拟语气
【教材原句】My friend suggested I should try long-distance running.
我朋友建议我应该试一下长跑。
像suggest一样,后跟宾语从句需用虚拟语气的动词还有哪些 这类常见动词通常可用下面的口诀记忆:“一二三四”记“虚拟”
一坚持:insist
二命令:order;command
三建议:advise;suggest;propose
四要求:request;require;demand;desire
外加一个敦促:urge
【佳句背诵】I suggested that we should deal with the problem in another way.[提供建议]
我建议我们用另一种方式处理这个问题。
【名师点津】动词suggest后接宾语从句时,除可用虚拟语气外,也可用陈述语气,两者的区别是:若谓语动词所表示的情况尚未成为事实,则用虚拟语气,此时suggest通常译为“建议”;若谓语动词所表示的情况为既成事实,则用陈述语气,此时的suggest通常译为“表明”“认为”。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①He insisted that I 　　　　　　　(go) with them.
②He ordered that it 　　　　　　　(be) sent back.
③The doctor advised/suggested 　　　　　　he (should) not smoke.
④They required that we 　　　　　　　(discuss) the problem at the meeting.
⑤他们建议我们马上去听讲座。
They suggested_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______
right away.
(should) go
(should) be　
that
(should) discuss
that we should attend the lecture　
⑥这个条例要求所有的职员两点以前到办公室。
The rule requires that all the clerks _________ _________ _________ _________ _________by two o’clock.
⑦这位老师要求学生们准时上课。
The teacher demanded that _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ to every class.
⑧她的表情说明她生气了。
Her expression suggested that _________ _________ _________.
should arrive at
the office
the students should be
on time
she was angry
2.never too...to... 做某事永远不会太……
【教材原句】It’s never too late to start getting into running and exercising...
开始跑步和锻炼永远不会太迟……
(1)too...to...结构,意为“太……而不能……”,too后面跟形容词(或副词),但当其后接形容词修饰单数可数名词时,要把不定冠词a(n)放在形容词之后。
(2)too...to...句式中,若too后接glad,pleased,happy,eager,anxious,willing,ready,easy等表示心情、情绪等的形容词,表示肯定意义,too相当于very。
【佳句背诵】I had always wanted to dance and it’s never too late to learn.[兴趣爱好]
我一直都想学跳舞,只要我想学,永远不晚。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①He is too weak 　　　　　　　　(carry) the box.
②He is too sad 　　　　　　hear the bad news.
③I shall be only too pleased 　　　　　 　(get) home.
④He was too eager 　　　　　　　　　　(get) home.
⑤这道数学题太难,我解不出来。
The maths problem is_________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________.
to carry
to
to get
to get
too difficult for me
to work out　
⑥他们看起来非常紧张,并且急于离开。
They seemed to be too nervous and _________ _________ _________ _________ _________.
⑦学生都非常愿意去看这部电影。
All the students_________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________.
⑧听到这个消息我们简直太吃惊了。
We are _________ _________ _________ _________ hear the news.
were too anxious
to leave
are only too willing to
see the film　
quite too surprised to
Part 3　Grammar
语法冲关 语言规则全理清
不定代词
不定代词主要有all,each,every,both,either,neither,one,none,little,few,many,much,other,another,some,any,no等。还有由some,any,no和every构成的合成代词。不定代词具有名词和形容词的性质,并有可数和不可数之分,在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、同位语、定语、状语等(every,no只能作定语)。下面介绍几组主要的不定代词的用法与区别。
1.some与any
一般用法:some,any可与单、复数可数名词及不可数名词连用。some一般用于肯定句,any多用于疑问、否定或条件句。
特殊用法:
(1)any用于肯定句表示“任何”。
Any child can do that.(定语)任何一个孩子都会做。
You may take any of them.(宾语)你可以带走它们中的任何一个。
(2)some用于单数可数名词前表示“某一”“某个”。
Smith went to some place in England.(定语)史密斯去了英国的某个地方。
(3)在期待对方回答yes时,some用在表示请求或邀请的问句中。
Would you like some bananas (邀请)
你想吃些香蕉吗
Mom,could you give me some money (请求)
妈妈,能给我些钱吗
(4)some和any还有副词的词性,在句中可作状语。some意为“大约”,相当于about;而any则表示程度,意为“稍微,丝毫”。
There are some 300 workers on strike.
大约有300名工人在罢工。
Do you feel any better today
你今天感觉好点了吗
2.one,both,all
(1)one作定语、表语、主语或宾语,可以指人或物,表示“一个”,其复数为ones;指人时,其所有格是one’s,反身代词是oneself。
One should try his best to serve the people.(主语)
一个人应竭尽全力为人民服务。
This is not the one I want.(表语)
这不是我想要的那一个。
(2)one,ones可以代替上文提到过的名词,以免重复。one,ones前面分别可以用this,that,these,those或the,which等词修饰。
These books are more interesting than those ones.
这些书比那些更有趣。
Here are three pens.Which one is yours,this one or that one or the one in the pencil case
这儿有三支钢笔,哪一支是你的,这支,那支还是铅笔盒里的那支
(3)both用作定语、宾语、主语和同位语,可以指人或指物,表示“两者都”。both应放在the,these,those,my等之前。
Both my parents like this film.
我的父母都喜欢这部电影。
Both the boys are tall.
这两个男孩都高。
【温馨提示】both用于否定句,表示部分否定;表示完全否定时,用neither。
Both of us are not teachers.
我们俩并不都是教师。
Neither of us is a teacher.
我们俩都不是教师。
(4)all用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、同位语,指“全部的”“整个的”,可与可数或不可数名词连用;除少数情况外,一般不与单数可数名词连用;与复数名词连用时,表示“所有的”“全部的”,指三个或三个以上的人或物。
【温馨提示】all用于否定句,表示部分否定;表示完全否定用none。
Not all the ants go out for food.(or:All the ants don’t go out for food.)
并不是所有的蚂蚁都出去觅食。
None of the money is mine.
这钱一分也不是我的。
3.many和much
many和much都表示“许多”,但many修饰或代替复数可数名词,much修饰或代替不可数名词。它们在句中可作主语、宾语、定语。much有时用作状语。
4.few,little,a few,a little
few和little表示“没有多少”,含否定意义;而a few和a little表示“有一些,有几个”,含肯定意义。另外,few,a few修饰可数名词;little,a little修饰不可数名词。它们在句中常用作定语、主语和宾语。
5.no和none
no=not any,表示“没有”,用来修饰可数名词或不可数名词,通常作定语。none代替不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;代替可数名词作主语时,谓语动词可用单数也可用复数形式。none还可以在句中作宾语。
【温馨提示】none既可以指人又可以指物,no one只能指人。
6.each和every
each(各个),指两个或两个以上的人或物,侧重个体,在句中作主语、宾语、定语和同位语。every(每个),指三个或三个以上的人或物,侧重整体,在句中只能作定语。
Every student in our class has a dictionary.(定语,强调班上“所有的人”)
Each student in our class has a dictionary.(定语,强调各个个体)
我们班每个学生都有一本词典。
Each of them has been there.(主语)他们每个人都去过那儿。
The teacher gave each of the students a new textbook.(宾语)
老师给每个学生一本新教材。
We each got a ticket.(同位语)我们每人拿到一张票。
7.either和neither
(1)either是“两者中任何一个”的意思,可修饰或代替单数可数名词;neither是“两者中没有一个”的意思,可以修饰或代替单数可数名词,它们可在句中作主语、宾语或定语。
Here are two pens.You may take either of them.(宾语)
这儿有两支钢笔,你可以拿任何一支。
Neither boy knows French.(定语)
两个男孩都不懂法语。
(2)either用作副词,意为“也”,用于否定句的句末。
He doesn’t like tea,and I don’t like either.(状语)
他不喜欢喝茶,我也不喜欢。
(3)either与or连用构成连词,意为“不是……就是……”或“要么……要么……”。
He is either Japanese or Chinese.
他要么是日本人要么是中国人。
(4)neither用作副词,意为“也不”,即“not...either”。
He can’t do it;neither can I.
他不能做它,我也不能。
(5)neither可与nor连用构成连词,意为“既不……也不……”。
Neither he nor you are a student.
他不是学生,你也不是学生。
8.the other和another,the others和others
(1)the other表示“两者中的另一个”;“the other+复数可数名词”表示“其余/他的……”;the others表示“其他的人或物”。others及“other+复数名词”泛指“其他的人或物”。
He got two books;one is a textbook,and the other is a novel.
他有两本书,其中一本是教材,另一本是小说。
Five of the pencils are red;the others(=the other pencils) are yellow.
五支铅笔是红色的,其余都是黄色的。
Some are singing;others are dancing.
一些人在唱歌,另一些在跳舞。
(2)another修饰或代替单数可数名词,意为“(三个或三个以上的)另一个”,不能指两者中的另一个,在句中可作宾语和定语。
This coat is too dark.Please show me another.(宾语)
这件外衣颜色太深了,请拿给我另一件。
Please give me another book.(定语)
请再给我一本书。
【温馨提示】another修饰复数名词时,意为“再,又”。
Please give me another ten minutes.=Please give me ten more minutes.
请再给我十分钟。
【即学即练】用适当的不定代词填空
①I know 　　　　　about this person.
②　　　　　　 are doctors and some are nurses.
③There isn’t 　　　　　　ink in my pen.
④　　　　　　 are present here.Let’s begin our meeting.
⑤We invited 　　　　　Tom and Jack to our farm.
⑥Please give me the book,the 　　　　　on the desk.
⑦　　　　　　 of these problems is easy to solve.
⑧The shirt is too short for me.Please show me 　　　　　　one.
nothing
Some
any
All　
both
one
None
another
本 课 结 束