UNIT 4 学业质量检测
(时间：120分钟 满分：150分)
选择题部分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How does the girl feel？ B
A．Sad. B．Thoughtful.
C．Happy.
2．What does the woman probably want to do？ C
A．Test a car. B．Find a new job.
C．Change their car.
3．How many rooms are there in the woman's house altogether？ C
A．2. B．4.
C．5.
4．What does the man like best about the coffee shop？ C
A．The view. B．The space.
C．The music.
5．Where would the woman like to have a meal？ B
A．At her parents' home.
B．At a park.
C．At a restaurant.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．When were the woman's pictures taken？ C
A．Last year. B．Last month.
C．Last week.
7．What do we know about the woman？ C
A．She dislikes Chinese food.
B．She can speak Chinese very well.
C．She has many Chinese friends now.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What's the woman's plan for this Saturday？ B
A．Meeting Dr.Melo.
B．Having a barbecue.
C．Making an appointment.
9．What's the probable relationship between the speakers A
A．Co-workers.
B．Doctor and patient.
C．Mother and son.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What does the woman think of the man giving the speech？ B
A．He is not wearing a microphone.
B．He is not talking loudly enough.
C．He may be from another country.
11．What is the man's suggestion？ A
A．Leaving the room.
B．Turning off the light.
C．Talking to the speaker privately.
12．What will the woman do later？ C
A．Give a speech.
B．Find another lecture.
C．Ask some questions.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What is the relationship between the speakers？ C
A．Teacher and student.
B．Manager and clerk.
C．Interviewer and interviewee.
14．Why did the man leave his previous job in the Bank B
A．He had never gotten a rise.
B．His family moved to another place.
C．He just wanted to make a change.
15．What qualities does the man have？ A
A．Being hard-working and responsible.
B．Being faithful and energetic.
C．Being smart and capable.
16．What do we know about the man？ A
A．He doesn't have much experience in sales.
B．He took a part-time course in finance and trade.
C．He worked for a private company for three years.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．When did China launch its Wentian space lab？ B
A．On July 14. B．On July 24.
C．On July 4.
18．Where is the Wenchang Space Launch Center？ C
A．In Henan province.
B．In Gansu province.
C．In Hainan province.
19．How long did it take to place the craft into a low-Earth orbit nearly 400 kilometers above the ground？ A
A．8 minutes. B．18 minutes.
C．8 seconds.
20．What is the speaker mainly talking about？ C
A．Wentian space lab's design represents a new milestone in China's space industry.
B．Wentian space lab contains the wisdom, dedication and hard work of many people.
C．China launches Wentian space lab successfully.
听力原文：
Text 1
M：You look sad.What's on your mind
W：I'm not sad at all.I'm just thinking about something, Dad.How are you feeling
M：Oh, I'm just happy to be spending time with you today, sweetheart!
Text 2
W：Look at that BMW！I'd love to drive one of those.
M：You can go to a place selling cars and pretend you're looking to buy one.They'll let you take a car out for a test drive.
W：You know what I mean, Evan.Our Honda is too old.
Text 3
M：Tell me about the house you've recently bought.
W：Well, it has a living room, three bedrooms and a dining room.
Text 4
W：This is a great coffee shop.It looks over the bay and there's plenty of space.They also serve the best coffee cake.
M：My favorite part about this place is the music they play.It's quiet yet great.
Text 5
M：Your parents are leaving soon.Should we take them out for dinner one more time
W：I think it would be more personal if we cooked for them at home.Better yet—let's have a barbecue at the park.
Text 6
W：Paul, have you seen the pictures I took in Beijing？Here they are.I took them at the Great Wall last week.
M：How marvelous the Great Wall is！And your pictures are wonderful.You must have had a good time in China.
W：Yes, it's an enjoyable trip.
M：How do you like China，Ann
W：It's great！I like the Chinese people and food.I've made many friends there.
M：Really？Then you must have learned some Chinese.
W：I can speak a little everyday Chinese, like Nihao, Zaijian and Haojile.
M：Nice.I wish I could go there some day.
Text 7
W：You still come to the barbecue this Saturday
M：This Saturday？Not next Saturday
W：Indeed, this Saturday.
M：Oh, I'm so sorry.I totally forgot and scheduled a doctor's appointment for Saturday afternoon.
W：Your doctor sees patients on the weekend？Also, you promised you would come.
M：I know.And yes, Dr.Melo keeps her practice open on Saturdays.It's really convenient.
W：Hmm.Couldn't you just reschedule that？Everyone from work is coming.
M：I really want to see her this Saturday, but maybe I can change the time to the morning.It's worth a shot.
Text 8
M：Is it me, or is it really hard to understand this speaker
W：You're right.It's not that he has an accent like some of the other speakers from another country.It's just that he is speaking too softly.Do you think it would be rude to ask him to turn his microphone up a little bit
M：I don't think he's wearing one.Either that or he's turned it off.
W：That's crazy.There must be four hundred people here.
M：This part of the conference has turned into such a waste of time.Maybe we should leave and try to find another lecture.
W：I can't do that.I come here specifically to hear this guy's speech.I think I'll just go up to him at the end of the speech and try to ask him some questions.
M：Good idea.Would you mind if I followed you up there？It might be the only way to get anything out of this hour.
W：No problem.
Text 9
W：Mr.Wang, can you tell me something about your work experience
M：Yes, I worked as a bank clerk for three years in the Bank of China.I must say that it was a good job.
W：Why did you leave that job, since it was such a good one
M：I didn't really want to, but my family had to move to another city, so I left the bank.
W：What did you do after that
M：I worked for a private company for six months and then I took a one-year full-time course in finance and trade.
W：What's your best quality
M：Um, my best quality？Well, I think I'm a hard-working and responsible person.
W：That is good.The position you applied for requires those qualities.
M：Yes, a good sales manager should work hard and be responsible.
W：Yet we want an experienced person！And you haven't worked in this position before.
M：That is true.However, my advantage is that I am eager to do this job well.I believe I am the most suitable person for the job.
Text 10
M: China launched its Wentian space laboratory on July 24th afternoon, sending the country's largest-ever spacecraft to Earth's orbit to become part of the Tiangong space station.
Encased in a 20.5-meter-long payload fairing, the space lab was carried by a Long March 5B rocket that blasted off at 2∶22 p．m. from a coastal service tower in the Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan province.
After an eight-minute flight, the rocket placed the craft into a low-Earth orbit nearly 400 kilometers above the ground where Tiangong was traveling.
The first lab component(部件) of the Tiangong station, Wentian, features cutting-edge technologies, strong capabilities, and a sophisticated design that represents a new milestone in China's space industry.It contains the wisdom, dedication and hard work of many scientists, engineers and technicians, according to the China Academy of Space Technology that designed and made the craft.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2023·华南师大附中高二期末)
You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years
Jane Addams (1860—1935)
Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.Addams helped the poor and worked for peace.She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need.In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
Rachel Carson (1907—1964)
If it weren't for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the danger of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans.
Sandra Day O'Connor (1930—present)
When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.She became an Arizona state senator (参议员) and in 1981, the first woman to join the US Supreme Court.O'Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.
Rosa Parks (1913—2005)
On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger.Her simple act landed Parks in prison.But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement.“The only tired I was, was tired of giving in.” said Parks.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位伟大又有影响力的女性，以及她们在各自领域的成就。
21．What was the reason for O'Connor's being rejected by the law firm C
A．Her lack of proper training in law.
B．Her little work experience in court.
C．The discrimination against women.
D．The poor financial conditions.
解析：细节理解题。根据Sandra Day O'Connor部分的“she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.”可知，因为是女性，她在律师事务所找不到工作。由此可知，桑德拉·戴·奥康纳被律师公司拒绝是因为对妇女的歧视。故选C。
22．Who made a great contribution to the equal rights of the citizens D
A．Jane Addams. B．Rachel Carson.
C．Sandra Day O'Connor. D．Rosa Parks.
解析：细节理解题。根据Rosa Parks部分的内容可知，罗莎·帕克斯拒绝在公共汽车上给白人乘客让座。她的简单行为使帕克斯进了监狱。但这也引发了蒙哥马利的巴士抵制运动。它持续了一年多，拉开了民权运动的序幕。由此可知，罗莎·帕克斯对美国民权运动做出了巨大的贡献。故选D。
23．What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text C
A．They are highly educated.
B．They are truly creative.
C．They are pioneers.
D．They are peace-lovers.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章内容可知：珍妮·亚当斯是第一个获得诺贝尔和平奖的美国女性；雷切尔·卡森的作品《寂静的春天》提高了人们对污染的危险性和化学物质对人类和世界湖泊和海洋的危害性的认识；桑德拉·戴·奥康纳是美国首位联邦最高法院女法官；罗莎·帕克斯在公共汽车上拒绝为白人让座，拉开了民权运动的序幕。由此可推知，文中提到的几位女性都是先锋人物。故选C。
B
(2023·山东省泰安市高二期末)
When I was growing up, I had an old neighbour named Dr Gibbs.He didn't look like any doctor I'd ever known.He never yelled at us for playing in his yard.I remember him as someone who was a lot nicer than most of the adults in our community.
When Dr Gibbs wasn't saving lives, he was planting trees.His house sat on ten acres, and his life's goal was to make it a forest.
The good doctor had some interesting theories concerning plant care and growth.He never watered his new trees, which flew in the face of conventional wisdom.Once I asked why.He said that watering plants spoiled them so that each successive tree generation would grow weaker and weaker.So you have to make things rough for them and weed out (淘汰) the weaker trees early on.
He talked about how watering trees made for shallow roots, and how trees that weren't watered had to grow deep roots in search of moisture.I took him to mean that deep roots were to be treasured.
So he never watered his trees.He planted an oak and, instead of watering it every morning, he'd beat it with a rolled-up newspaper.Smack! Slap! Pow! I asked him why he did that, and he said it was to get the tree's attention.
Dr Gibbs passed away a couple of years after I left home.Every now and again, I walked by his house and looked at the trees that I'd watched him plant some twenty-five years ago.They're extremely tall, big and robust since they have deep roots now.However, the trees in my garden trembled in a cold wind although I had watered them for several years.
It seems that adversity and suffering benefit these trees in ways comfort and ease never could.I stood there deep in thought.
Every night before I go to bed, I check on my two sons.I stand over them and watch their little bodies, the rising and falling of life within.I often pray for them.Mostly I pray that their lives will be easy.But I think it's time to change my prayer (祷词) because now I know my children are going to encounter hardship.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者的医生邻居不同寻常的种树经历，如不给树浇水等，最后树长的非常高大强壮，并经得起风吹雨打，是因为树的根非常深了，由此想到了孩子们以后将会遇到困难，所以祈祷孩子们像大树一样能深深扎根在泥土里，能经得起风雨的洗礼。
24．According to Dr Gibbs' theories, trees will become weaker if they B .
A．are lack of care B．are watered
C．are weeded out D．are beaten
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段的第二句至第四句(他从不给新栽的树浇水，这与传统观念背道而驰。有一次我问他为什么。他说，浇水会破坏植物，这样每一代树都会越来越弱。)可知，根据吉布斯医生的理论，如果给树木浇水，它们会变得更弱。故选B。
25．The underlined word “robust” in Para.6 most probably means “ A ”．
A．strong B．strange
C．deep D．old
解析：词义猜测题。根据上文“They're extremely tall, big (他们非常高大)”及下文“since they have deep roots now(因为他们现在已经根深蒂固了)”和“However, the trees in my garden trembled in a cold wind although I had watered them for several years.(然而，我花园里的树在寒风中颤抖，尽管我已经给它们浇了好几年水。)”可知，通过没有浇水的树和浇水的树之间的对比，没浇水的树更“强壮”，所以可推测出画线词很可能是“强壮的”意思。故选A。
26．Which of the following may be the author's best prayer for his two sons now C
A．I wish them strong wings, with which they can fly higher and touch the sky.
B．I wish them nice fortune so that they can meet people like Dr Gibbs in the future.
C．I wish them deep roots into the earth since the rains fall and the winds blow often.
D．I wish them great shades under the tree since the sunlight is always sharp and bitter.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段(不幸和苦难似乎比舒适和安逸更能给这些树带来好处。)和文章最后一段(我经常为他们祈祷。我主要祈祷他们的生活能一帆风顺。但我认为是时候改变我的祈祷词了，因为现在我知道我的孩子们将会遇到困难。)可知，作者改变了之前的祈祷，也知道孩子们以后将会遇到困难，所以可推知现在作者的祈祷是希望孩子们深深扎根在泥土里，因为雨水经常下，风经常吹。故选C。
27．Which of the following statement is correct according to the last paragraph B
A．Every night I check on my two sons and see whether they grow a bit.
B．I know my children have to face adversity in their growth.
C．I should keep my prayer for my two sons.
D．I am going to change my prayer so that my children won't encounter hardship.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句(但我认为是时候改变我的祷词了，因为现在我知道我的孩子们将会遇到困难。)可知，B选项(我知道我的孩子们在成长过程中不得不面对逆境。)正确。故选B。
C
(2023·华南师大附中高二期末)
Welcome to the anti-climax, the often-experienced but seldom-discussed downside of achieving life's milestones.In psychology, the belief that achieving our goal will bring us a lasting feeling of happiness is called “arrival fallacy”， which plays a big part in the feelings of emptiness that follow it.
It's a feeling that's all too familiar for Katie Ford, a veterinary surgeon.To gain an extra qualification, she put in countless hours of study and made lots of sacrifices along the way, but now instead of celebration and pride, she feels emptiness and confusion, which have the potential to develop symptoms of depression and low mood.
If you find yourself in a similar situation or you suspect working towards your milestones may be a letdown when you reach the finish line, there are steps to help get rid of anti-climax.First, instead of rushing for it to be done, slow down to enjoy the doing, and remember that lots of things in our lives are never truly done, but constantly evolve just like we do.Another vital step is acknowledging the small wins.We have lots of stepping stones to a big goal to pause on, so celebrate how far you've come from the first one, and look forward to the many stones in front.Third, anticipating anti-climaxes in the lead up to big milestones can also lessen their impact.Anti-climaxes are just as common as post-holiday blues, so we'd better normalize them.
Rather than downplaying your milestones or moving straight to the next, mindfully cherish the moment, recognize your progress and reward yourself positively.That way, you won't fall into the fallacy of having “made it”．Instead, you'll see that you are happily “making it” along the journey that is an entire lifetime.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要告诉人们在反高潮、感到空虚时应该如何面对和解决。
28．What does “arrival fallacy” in the first paragraph refer to D
A．The feelings of emptiness.
B．A feeling of happiness.
C．The seldom-discussed downside of achieving life's milestones.
D．The belief that achieving our goal will make us happy for a long time.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句(在心理学中，相信实现目标会带给我们持久的幸福感，这种信念被称为“到达谬误”，它在随之而来的空虚感中扮演了重要角色。)可知D正确。故选D。
29．Why does the author cite the example of Katie Ford B
A．To explain a rule.
B．To clarify a concept.
C．To draw a conclusion.
D．To make a prediction.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“It's a feeling that's all too familiar for Katie Ford, a veterinary surgeon.(这种感觉对 Katie Ford 来说再熟悉不过了，她是个兽医。)”及后文内容可知，这一段以Katie Ford为例，是为了进一步阐明第一段提到的“到达谬误”这一概念。故选B。
30．What does the third paragraph mainly talk about C
A．Whether you fall victim to anti-climax.
B．Whether you empathize with Katie Ford.
C．How you can protect yourself from anti-climax.
D．How you can identify the symptoms of anti-climax.
解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句 (如果你发现自己处于类似的情况，或者你怀疑朝着里程碑前进的过程可能会让你在到达终点时感到失望，这里有一些步骤可以帮助你摆脱反高潮。)接着后文介绍了三个措施，可知，这一段主要介绍如何保护自己免受反高潮的影响。故选C。
31．What's the purpose of this article A
A．To help us how to deal with anti-climax.
B．To set readers thinking about anti-climax.
C．To remind us of the danger of anti-climax.
D．To discuss the necessity of preventing anti-climax.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“...recognize your progress and reward yourself positively.That way, you won't fall into the fallacy of having ‘made it’．Instead, you'll see that you are happily ‘making it’ along the journey that is an entire lifetime.(认识到你的进步并且积极地奖励自己。这样，你就不会陷入‘成功’的谬论。相反，你会看到自己在一生的旅程中快乐地‘成功’。)”可知，作者写这篇文章是为了帮助我们如何解决反高潮。故选A。
D
(2023·浙江省名校协作体高三月考)
In the 1940s, young male Royal Air Force pilots held needles as they waited for their next mission.Wartime pilots suffered a lot and knitting helped rebuild dexterity(灵巧) in wounded arms while also helping to settle wounded minds.
Today, millions of people around the world employ the same technique.“I know that if I haven't knitted for a few days, I really miss it.It's like meditation.” says Janine Smith, who owns a store in Sydney selling supplies for knitting.
Research supports Smith's statement.Physiotherapist Betsan Corkhill and occupational therapist Jill Riley were part of a team from Cardiff University that, ten years ago, surveyed more than 3,500 knitters and found that the more frequently people knitted, the calmer and happier they felt.
Or as Jannie Smith puts it, “That rhythm of making stitch after stitch is like deep breathing.It's a flow where you don't have to stress about it, you've got the rhythm happening.”
“Flow” is a concept first named by psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi.As he wrote in his book, “The best moments in our lives are neither the passive nor relaxing times.The best moments usually occur if a person's body or mind is stretched to its limits in a voluntary effort to accomplish something difficult and worthwhile.”
The Cardiff research team found that many respondents described feeling calmer and in a better mood after knitting, and the majority of respondents who suffered from depression “perceived that knitting made them feel happier.” For respondents who suffered from chronic pain, almost nine out of ten said that knitting gave them a sense of accomplishment and a means of coping with their pain.
Interestingly, more than half of those surveyed said that knitting pushed them to develop other skills, like building furniture.Because knitting is so accessible—at its heart it's two sticks and one stitch—it helps people build confidence in their abilities.After all, if you make a mistake, you can just pull it all out and start again.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文，通过举例和实验论证了编织的好处，可以让人感到平静和快乐，也可以使人重新建立信心。
32．Why does the author mention young male Royal Air Force pilots in paragraph 1 D
A．To give an example of a knitter.
B．To show the heavy burden on pilots.
C．To demonstrate the technique of pilots.
D．To introduce the healing effect of knitting.
解析：推理判断题。第一段举例了年轻的英国皇家空军男飞行员手持针头等待下一次任务的事实，通过编织，有助于飞行员重建受伤手臂的灵巧性，也有助于安抚头脑，开头通过这一例子引出下文，文章主要介绍了编织的好处，所以这个例子是用来引出编织的愈合效果的。故选D。
33．Which can be called as the best moment according to Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi C
A．Watching TV together with friends.
B．Taking physical exams.
C．Playing chess with a great opponent.
D．Reading funny comic books.
解析：细节理解题。由题干人名可以定位到文章第五段“The best moments usually occur if a person's body or mind is stretched to its limits in a voluntary effort to accomplish something difficult and worthwhile.(最好的时刻通常发生在一个人的身体或思想被拉伸到极限，自愿努力去完成一些困难和有价值的事情。)”而选项中只有C项是需要客服困难努力完成的，其他三项都属于被动或放松时刻。故选C。
34．According to a research of Cardiff University, which statement about knitting is true D
A．It motivates people to stretch their bodies.
B．It enables people to build furniture.
C．It helps people to get rid of chronic pain.
D．It allows people to build confidence to learn other skills.
解析：细节理解题。由最后一段“Because knitting is so accessible—at its heart it' s two sticks and one stitch—it helps people build confidence in their abilities.(因为编织是如此容易——它的核心是两根棍子和一针——它帮助人们建立对自己能力的信心。)”可知D正确，且“build confidence”原词重现。故选D。
35．What would be the best title for the text A
A．Active Hands, Calm Minds
B．Healthier Attitude, Longer Life
C．Easy Knitting, Skill Building
D．Mind Calming, Flow Finding
解析：主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了编织的好处，通过编织可以让人心情平静、收获快乐，B项D项明显错误，C项重在编织技能的培养而不是编织的作用。A项中的Active Hands可以指代编织，而Calm Minds也说明了编织的作用。故选A。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2023·江苏省淮安市高二期末调研)
For people who are not self-disciplined, their life is full of pain, and all pain comes from their own inability. 36.F
So how do you achieve self-discipline
Have control over body.Self-disciplined people will not be so bad; those who can lose weight successfully have high requirements for themselves.Health is the most important foundation of your self-discipline. 37.E They work for one hour and charge for eight hours, and the efficiency is extremely low.If you don't have time to exercise, you can only spend time seeing a doctor after the red light of your physical condition.
Have a good sense of time.The more self-disciplined you are, the more time you'll have to manage.A precise schedule can save you a lot of unnecessary time costs. 38.G The beauty of time front allows you to use more free time to read, exercise, master a skill, and severely surpass the person who is still sleeping in bed.
39.C Self-disciplined people will not be willing to stay in the comfort zone, but will keep developing their own new field world with the mentality of giving it a try.Choosing ease and obeying instinct(本能) ill bring the game of life to a dead end.And self-discipline may not always let you win. 40.B If you decide that suffering is what you deserve, then the light will unavoidably come to you the same way.
A．Have a feeling of freshness.
B．But it will never let you lose.
C．Keep breaking personal ceiling.
D．People who do not work out are like a red light.
E．People who do not exercise are like an aging battery.
F．A self-disciplined person lives a particularly advanced and free life.
G．In addition, self-disciplined people will create time for themselves—get up early.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍自律的方法。
解析：
36．根据上文 (对于不自律的人来说，他们的生活充满了痛苦，所有的痛苦都来自于自己的无能。) 和下文 (那么你如何做到自律呢？)可知，文章接下来要阐述自律的方法，所以要有过渡句，引入自律的话题。选项F(一个自律的人过着特别高级和自由的生活。)和上下文意思一致。故选F。
37．根据下文 (他们工作一小时，充电八小时，效率极低。如果你没有时间锻炼，你只能在身体状况出现红灯后花时间去看医生。)可知，这里提到不锻炼的情况。选项E(不锻炼的人就像老化的电池。)和上文意思一致。故选E。
38．根据上文(有很好的时间感。你越自律，你需要管理的时间就越多。精确的时间表可以为您节省大量不必要的时间成本。)可知，这一段主要阐述时间管理。选项G(此外，自律的人会为自己创造早起的时间。)和上文意思一致，对前文补充说明。故选G。
39．根据下文 (自律的人不会愿意待在舒适区，而是抱着试一试的心态，不断开发自己的新领域。)可知，这一段介绍自律就需要不断挑战自己。选项C(不断打破个人最高限度。)对前文进一步说明。故选C。
40．根据前一句 (自律未必总能让你获胜。)和后一句 (如果你决定苦难是你应得的，那么光明将不可避免地以同样的方式来到你身边。)可知，这里讲述虽然自律不会让你一直赢，但最终还是会让你赢。选项B(但它决不会让你输。)承上启下，选项中it代替self-discipline。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2023·山东省泰安市高二期末)
A terrible fever made Anne Sullivan nearly lose her eyesight in her childhood, and the doctors said she was a hopelessly mad girl.She had been 41.C in the basement of a mental hospital(精神病医院) in Boston.Sometimes, little Annie 42.A hit anyone who came near to her.She ignored everyone who appeared in front of her most of the time.
However, an old nurse believed that little Annie had hope.She went to 43.B little Annie every day.The child ignored her in most cases, but the old nurse 44.D stopped seeing her every day in the basement.The kind-hearted lady left cookies for little Annie and spoke words full of encouragement to her.She believed that as long as she showed love, little Annie could get better.Finally, the doctors noticed the 45.C in little Annie.They moved her upstairs and her condition continued 46.D .Then her last day there came, and the child who seemed to be “ 47.C ” went out of the locked door of the mental hospital.
After she grew up, Anne Sullivan hoped to help others, just as the kind old nurse helped her.She became the 48.B of Helen Keller.She 49.D her, trained her strictly and worked with her 50.C she lit the candle that brought 51.C to the whole world.Anne Sullivan 52.A a miracle(奇迹) in the life of Helen Keller.But first it was a kind nurse who had full 53.D in little Annie that turned a(n) 54.D child into a great teacher.
If there had been no Anne Sullivan, the name of Helen Keller would not be 55.B But if there hadn't been a nurse who kept showing love, Anne Sullivan wouldn't be known to the world, either.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述的是安妮·沙利文在一位老护士的帮助之下，从一位被锁在精神病医院地下室被医生认为是没有希望且不友好的女孩儿逐渐变好，成为海伦·凯勒的老师，并将其培养成人尽皆知的人的故事。
41．A.hidden B．received
C．locked D．found
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她被锁在波士顿一家精神病医院的地下室里。根据下文中的“Then her last day there came, and the child who seemed to be ‘ 47 ’ went out of the locked door of the mental hospital.”可知，Anne Sullivan小时候是被锁在地下室里。故选C。
42．A.angrily B．proudly
C．warmly D．secretly
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：有时，小安妮会愤怒地打任何靠近她的人。根据下文中的“She ignored everyone who appeared in front of her most of the time.”可知，little Annie无视别人的存在，所以此处是很愤怒地打经过她的人。故选A。
43．A.treat B．see
C．promise D．miss
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她每天都去看小安妮。根据上文中的“However, an old nurse believed that little Annie had hope.”可知，这位老护士相信小安妮，所以是经常去探望她。A.treat对待，治疗；C.promise承诺；D.miss思念。故选B。
44．A.still B．already
C．ever D．never
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：在大多数情况下，孩子都不理她，但老护士从未停止去地下室看她。根据上文中“The child ignored her in most cases, but...”的but可知，此处与空前句子为转折关系，由此可推断，尽管小安妮无视老护士，但老护士仍很坚持去看她。故选D。
45．A.worries B．problems
C．changes D．needs
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意： 最后，医生们注意到了小安妮的变化。根据上文中的“She believed that as long as she showed love, little Annie could get better.”可知，这位老护士相信只要给小安妮爱，她会变的更好，由此可知，此处表示小安妮有了一些变化。故选C。
46．A.worsening B．spreading
C．increasing D．improving
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们把她搬到楼上，她的病情继续好转。根据上文中的“Finally, the doctors noticed the 45 in little Annie.They moved her upstairs and her condition continued...”语境以及continued可知，此处表示的是小安妮的情况持续变好。A.worsening使恶化；B.spreading传播；C.increasing增加；D.improving改善。故选D。
47．A.active B．healthy
C．hopeless D．useless
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后她在那里的最后一天到了，那个似乎“没有希望的”孩子走出了精神病院锁着的门。根据第一段中的“A terrible fever made Anne Sullivan nearly lose her eyesight in her childhood, and the doctors said she was a hopelessly mad girl.”可知，此处表示那个曾经被医生认为是没有希望的疯孩子。A.active活跃的；B.healthy 健康的；C.hopeless绝望的；D.useless无用的。故选C。
48．A.classmate B．teacher
C．neighbor D．boss
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她成了海伦·凯勒的老师。结合常识和下文中的“She 49 her, trained her strictly and...”可知，安妮·沙利文是海伦·凯勒的老师。故选B。
49．A.laughed at B．waited for
C．looked at D．cared for
解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她照顾她，严格训练她，并与她一起工作，直到她点燃了给海伦·凯勒的整个世界带来光明的蜡烛。根据上文中的“After she grew up, Anne Sullivan hoped to help others, just as the kind old nurse helped her.”可知，安妮·沙利文像老护士那样帮助她，所以此处表示的是她照顾海伦·凯勒。A.laughed at嘲笑；B.waited for 等待；C.looked at看；D.cared for喜欢，关心，照顾。故选D。
50．A.if B．unless
C．until D．because
解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：她照顾她，严格训练她，并与她一起工作，直到她点燃了给海伦·凯勒的整个世界带来光明的蜡烛。结合句意和上下文语境可知，此处表示的是安妮·沙利文一直帮助海伦·凯勒，为她照亮整个世界。故选C。
51．A.time B．dream
C．light D．power
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她照顾她，严格训练她，并与她一起工作，直到她点燃了给海伦·凯勒的整个世界带来光明的蜡烛。根据上文中的“...she lit the candle...”可知，蜡烛为别人照亮整个世界，给她带来光明。故选C。
52．A.created B．shared
C．stopped D．expected
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：安妮·沙利文在海伦·凯勒的一生中创造了奇迹。根据下文中的“...a miracle(奇迹) in the life of Helen Keller.”可知，奇迹是“创造”出来的。A.created创造；D.expected 期望。故选A。
53．A.control B．shame
C．pity D．confidence
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：但首先是一个善良的护士，她对小安妮充满信心，把一个不友好的孩子变成了一个伟大的老师。根据第二段中的“However, an old nurse believed that little Annie had hope.”可知，这位老护士相信小安妮她是很有希望的。A.control控制；B.shame羞耻；C.pity可惜；D.confidence 信心。故选D。
54．A.stupid B．lazy
C．funny D．unfriendly
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但首先是一个善良的护士，她对小安妮充满信心，把一个不友好的孩子变成了一个伟大的老师。根据上文中的“Sometimes, little Annie 42 hit anyone who came near to her.”可知，小安妮有时候愤怒地打在她身边经过的人，所以那时候小安妮是不友好的。A.stupid愚蠢的，笨的；B.lazy懒惰的；C.funny滑稽的；D.unfriendly不友好的。故选D。
55．A.called B．known
C．left D．protected
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果没有安妮·沙利文，海伦·凯勒的名字就不会为人所知。根据下文中的“But if there hadn't been a nurse who kept showing love, Anne Sullivan wouldn't be known to the world, either.”可知，此处指的是安妮·沙利文把海伦·凯勒培养成为人尽皆知的人。故选B。
非选择题部分
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2023·河北省张家口市高二期末)
In the early 19th century, cholera 56.severely (severe) hit Europe, which caused millions of 57.deaths (death)．At that time, as a famous doctor in London, John Snow was so expert that he attended to Queen Victoria as her personal physician.But he never gave up his desire to defeat “King Cholera” and save common people's lives.
Cholera was a deadly disease and 58.its (it) cause was not understood.John Snow rose to face the challenge and solve the problem.He suspected that cholera 59.was caused (cause) by an infection from germs in food or water, but he needed proof.So when another severe outbreak hit London, he began to investigate by 60.marking (mark) on a map the exact places 61.where all those who died had lived.Then he found that many victims during the outbreak were near the water pump, so he had the handle removed.As 62.a result, soon the disease slowed down.He was sure that the water pump was 63.to blame (blame) and people should drink pure or 64.boiled (boil) water.
The water companies were instructed not to sell people the polluted water any more.Thanks 65.to the work of John Snow, finally “King Cholera” was defeated.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述19世纪初，霍乱严重地袭击了欧洲，造成数百万人死亡。伦敦一位著名的医生约翰·斯诺通过不懈努力战胜霍乱拯救大家的事迹。
解析：
56．考查副词。句意：19世纪初，霍乱严重地袭击了欧洲，造成数百万人死亡。severe是形容词需要转换成副词，修饰动词。故填severely。
57．考查名词的数。句意：19世纪初，霍乱严重地袭击了欧洲，造成数百万人死亡。millions of后面需用可数名词复数，而提示词death是名词变成复数在后面添加s。故填deaths。
58．考查代词。句意：霍乱是一种致命的疾病，其病因也不清楚。设空处前有and并列连词连接句子，说明and后是完整句子，句中was是谓语动词，说明cause是名词词性，因此it需要转变为形容词性物主代词修饰cause名词。故填its。
59．考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：他怀疑霍乱是由食物或水中的细菌感染引起的，但他需要证据。本题中主句主谓部分是He suspected后接that引导的宾语从句，在从句中cause作为谓语动词，表示“造成”的意思，而且与主语cholera有被动关系，这是发生在19世纪的故事，要使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was caused。
60．考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，当另一场严重的疫情袭击伦敦时，他开始通过在地图上标记所有死者曾经居住过的确切地点的方式来进行调查。介词by后需使用动词的动名词形式，by doing意思是“通过某种方式”。故填marking。
61．考查定语从句。句意：因此，当另一场严重的疫情袭击伦敦时，他开始通过在地图上标记所有死者曾经居住过的确切地点的方式来进行调查。分析句子结构可知句子中places是先行词，后面使用定语从句对places修饰，定语从句中缺少地点状语，使用表示地点的关系副词。故填where。
62．考查冠词。句意：结果，疾病很快就减缓了。as a result意思是“结果”。故填a。
63．考查非谓语动词。句意：他确信水泵应该负主要责任，人们应该喝纯净水或煮沸的水。固定短语be to blame意思是“该受责备、应承担责任”。故填to blame。
64．考查非谓语动词。句意：他确信水泵应该负主要责任，人们应该喝纯净水或煮沸的水。且设格处与形容词pure(纯净的)形成并列，作定语修饰名词。boiled“煮沸的”故填boiled。
65．考查介词。句意：由于约翰·斯诺的工作，“疾病之王霍乱”终于被打败了。固定短语thanks to意思是“多亏了；由于”。故填to。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
某英文报的Travel栏目正面向中学生征文，你有意参加。请你用英语写一篇观光报告，内容包括：
1．时间及地点；
2．游览经过；
3．你的感受。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Last summer, I took a trip to Shanghai with my friends.
Our first destination was the Oriental Pearl Radio & Television Tower.Standing on the top of the TV tower and taking in the scenery of Shanghai really gave me a feeling of excitement.There we took many wonderful photos.The next day we went to Shanghai Disneyland and experienced a magical world.My dream came true—I met my favourite Disney characters.It was really fantastic.
Although it was just a two-day trip, I felt really happy, because I visited the places I'd wanted to go to for so long.
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2023·湖南省永州市第一中学高三月考)
I had just changed into my running clothes and was leaving my office, off for a run even though it was well over 38℃ outside.I couldn't explain it, but I felt the need to run despite the record heat.A quarter-mile into my jog, I was exhausted.I admitted defeat and turned around.As I approached my car, I saw a dog circling it.
When I reached for the door handle, the dog disappeared beneath the car into the shade.I grabbed my bottle and took a drink of water.I then got down on my knees to look for the dog.When I stood up, I found him sitting in the driver's seat, panting (喘息)．I reached over and started the car, turning the air conditioning on high.He turned his face toward the vents, enjoying the cold air, his moustache blowing.I poured some water into the bottle cap and offered it to the dog.He drained it in a few desperate gulps(一大口)．I refilled it several times before he had his fill.
He wore no collar.I walked around but there was no one in sight.I stood there, looking at the dog staring back at me through the window.He waited patiently as if he'd been in my car dozens of times before.I didn't know what to do.Leaving him in that heat was out of the question.He would die.
I decided to drive him home.Before we were out of the parking lot, he had climbed onto my lap.He looked up at me, and then licked my sweaty face.“Ugh! No licking！”
I had never been a dog person.They smelt, they were loud, and they were messy.My newly-married husband had already resigned to the fact that we would never have a dog.And now one was in my car, on my lap! I pulled into my driveway and shrugged as my husband saw the dog, his eyes wide at this new development.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1：
I told him I was calling the animal shelter, lifting the dog out of the car. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
Ten days later, I went to the shelter to bring the dog home. _______________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
解析：
1．通读全文，把握大意。
本文以故事情节发展线索展开，讲述了作者下班后在高温的天气坚持去慢跑，慢跑1/4英里后有些筋疲力尽，回到自己的车旁，发现了一只避暑的小狗，这只小狗上了作者的车，作者在车上照顾着它，虽然作者不喜欢狗，但善良的她不忍心将它抛弃在高温之中，所以带它回家，结果作者的丈夫见后感到很惊讶。
2．分析续写段首句，合理设计情节。
第一段首句内容：我告诉他我正在打电话给动物收容所，把狗从车里带出来。第二段首句内容：十天后，我去收容所把狗带回家。根据第一段首句并结合第二段首句可知，第一段可描写作者决定把狗送到收容所后狗狗的表现以及作者的决定。根据第二段首句内容可知该段是关于带狗回家后发生的事情。第二段可描写作者去接狗回家时，小狗的表现以及以后与狗相处的情况。
参考范文：
Paragraph 1：
I told him I was calling the animal shelter, lifting the dog out of the car.We sat together waiting for shelter workers, while the dog didn't move except to lick my face.Strangely, I was already starting to like this feeling.I petted him, comforting him that everything would be okay.When the shelter workers arrived, he rose suddenly, and then lowered his eyes disappointedly.Seeing the sweet dog loaded onto the van, patting on the window helplessly, I felt a mixture of relief and sadness.My heart spoke before I knew it, “If he isn't claimed, I'll adopt him.”
Paragraph 2：
Ten days later, I went to the shelter to bring the dog home.At the sight of me, he circled around me, wagging his tail and licking my hands cheerfully.As I opened the door, he couldn't wait to jump onto the seat as he did on the day we first met.On our arrival, my husband had already prepared a cozy hut for him.In the following days, he followed me everywhere, expressing his gratitude to have a home.But I felt I was the one to be grateful, for the opportunity to experience such an unexpected bond with an animal.UNIT 4 学业质量检测
(时间：120分钟 满分：150分)
选择题部分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How does the girl feel？
A．Sad. B．Thoughtful.
C．Happy.
2．What does the woman probably want to do？
A．Test a car. B．Find a new job.
C．Change their car.
3．How many rooms are there in the woman's house altogether？
A．2. B．4.
C．5.
4．What does the man like best about the coffee shop？
A．The view. B．The space.
C．The music.
5．Where would the woman like to have a meal？
A．At her parents' home.
B．At a park.
C．At a restaurant.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．When were the woman's pictures taken？
A．Last year. B．Last month.
C．Last week.
7．What do we know about the woman？
A．She dislikes Chinese food.
B．She can speak Chinese very well.
C．She has many Chinese friends now.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What's the woman's plan for this Saturday？
A．Meeting Dr.Melo.
B．Having a barbecue.
C．Making an appointment.
9．What's the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Co-workers.
B．Doctor and patient.
C．Mother and son.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What does the woman think of the man giving the speech？
A．He is not wearing a microphone.
B．He is not talking loudly enough.
C．He may be from another country.
11．What is the man's suggestion？
A．Leaving the room.
B．Turning off the light.
C．Talking to the speaker privately.
12．What will the woman do later？
A．Give a speech.
B．Find another lecture.
C．Ask some questions.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What is the relationship between the speakers？
A．Teacher and student.
B．Manager and clerk.
C．Interviewer and interviewee.
14．Why did the man leave his previous job in the Bank
A．He had never gotten a rise.
B．His family moved to another place.
C．He just wanted to make a change.
15．What qualities does the man have？
A．Being hard-working and responsible.
B．Being faithful and energetic.
C．Being smart and capable.
16．What do we know about the man？
A．He doesn't have much experience in sales.
B．He took a part-time course in finance and trade.
C．He worked for a private company for three years.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．When did China launch its Wentian space lab？
A．On July 14. B．On July 24.
C．On July 4.
18．Where is the Wenchang Space Launch Center？
A．In Henan province.
B．In Gansu province.
C．In Hainan province.
19．How long did it take to place the craft into a low-Earth orbit nearly 400 kilometers above the ground？
A．8 minutes. B．18 minutes.
C．8 seconds.
20．What is the speaker mainly talking about？
A．Wentian space lab's design represents a new milestone in China's space industry.
B．Wentian space lab contains the wisdom, dedication and hard work of many people.
C．China launches Wentian space lab successfully.
听力原文：
Text 1
M：You look sad.What's on your mind
W：I'm not sad at all.I'm just thinking about something, Dad.How are you feeling
M：Oh, I'm just happy to be spending time with you today, sweetheart!
Text 2
W：Look at that BMW！I'd love to drive one of those.
M：You can go to a place selling cars and pretend you're looking to buy one.They'll let you take a car out for a test drive.
W：You know what I mean, Evan.Our Honda is too old.
Text 3
M：Tell me about the house you've recently bought.
W：Well, it has a living room, three bedrooms and a dining room.
Text 4
W：This is a great coffee shop.It looks over the bay and there's plenty of space.They also serve the best coffee cake.
M：My favorite part about this place is the music they play.It's quiet yet great.
Text 5
M：Your parents are leaving soon.Should we take them out for dinner one more time
W：I think it would be more personal if we cooked for them at home.Better yet—let's have a barbecue at the park.
Text 6
W：Paul, have you seen the pictures I took in Beijing？Here they are.I took them at the Great Wall last week.
M：How marvelous the Great Wall is！And your pictures are wonderful.You must have had a good time in China.
W：Yes, it's an enjoyable trip.
M：How do you like China，Ann
W：It's great！I like the Chinese people and food.I've made many friends there.
M：Really？Then you must have learned some Chinese.
W：I can speak a little everyday Chinese, like Nihao, Zaijian and Haojile.
M：Nice.I wish I could go there some day.
Text 7
W：You still come to the barbecue this Saturday
M：This Saturday？Not next Saturday
W：Indeed, this Saturday.
M：Oh, I'm so sorry.I totally forgot and scheduled a doctor's appointment for Saturday afternoon.
W：Your doctor sees patients on the weekend？Also, you promised you would come.
M：I know.And yes, Dr.Melo keeps her practice open on Saturdays.It's really convenient.
W：Hmm.Couldn't you just reschedule that？Everyone from work is coming.
M：I really want to see her this Saturday, but maybe I can change the time to the morning.It's worth a shot.
Text 8
M：Is it me, or is it really hard to understand this speaker
W：You're right.It's not that he has an accent like some of the other speakers from another country.It's just that he is speaking too softly.Do you think it would be rude to ask him to turn his microphone up a little bit
M：I don't think he's wearing one.Either that or he's turned it off.
W：That's crazy.There must be four hundred people here.
M：This part of the conference has turned into such a waste of time.Maybe we should leave and try to find another lecture.
W：I can't do that.I come here specifically to hear this guy's speech.I think I'll just go up to him at the end of the speech and try to ask him some questions.
M：Good idea.Would you mind if I followed you up there？It might be the only way to get anything out of this hour.
W：No problem.
Text 9
W：Mr.Wang, can you tell me something about your work experience
M：Yes, I worked as a bank clerk for three years in the Bank of China.I must say that it was a good job.
W：Why did you leave that job, since it was such a good one
M：I didn't really want to, but my family had to move to another city, so I left the bank.
W：What did you do after that
M：I worked for a private company for six months and then I took a one-year full-time course in finance and trade.
W：What's your best quality
M：Um, my best quality？Well, I think I'm a hard-working and responsible person.
W：That is good.The position you applied for requires those qualities.
M：Yes, a good sales manager should work hard and be responsible.
W：Yet we want an experienced person！And you haven't worked in this position before.
M：That is true.However, my advantage is that I am eager to do this job well.I believe I am the most suitable person for the job.
Text 10
M: China launched its Wentian space laboratory on July 24th afternoon, sending the country's largest-ever spacecraft to Earth's orbit to become part of the Tiangong space station.
Encased in a 20.5-meter-long payload fairing, the space lab was carried by a Long March 5B rocket that blasted off at 2∶22 p．m. from a coastal service tower in the Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan province.
After an eight-minute flight, the rocket placed the craft into a low-Earth orbit nearly 400 kilometers above the ground where Tiangong was traveling.
The first lab component(部件) of the Tiangong station, Wentian, features cutting-edge technologies, strong capabilities, and a sophisticated design that represents a new milestone in China's space industry.It contains the wisdom, dedication and hard work of many scientists, engineers and technicians, according to the China Academy of Space Technology that designed and made the craft.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2023·华南师大附中高二期末)
You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years
Jane Addams (1860—1935)
Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.Addams helped the poor and worked for peace.She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need.In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
Rachel Carson (1907—1964)
If it weren't for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the danger of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans.
Sandra Day O'Connor (1930—present)
When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.She became an Arizona state senator (参议员) and in 1981, the first woman to join the US Supreme Court.O'Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.
Rosa Parks (1913—2005)
On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger.Her simple act landed Parks in prison.But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement.“The only tired I was, was tired of giving in.” said Parks.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位伟大又有影响力的女性，以及她们在各自领域的成就。
21．What was the reason for O'Connor's being rejected by the law firm
A．Her lack of proper training in law.
B．Her little work experience in court.
C．The discrimination against women.
D．The poor financial conditions.
Who made a great contribution to the equal rights of the citizens
A．Jane Addams. B．Rachel Carson.
C．Sandra Day O'Connor. D．Rosa Parks.
23．What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text
A．They are highly educated.
B．They are truly creative.
C．They are pioneers.
D．They are peace-lovers.
B
(2023·山东省泰安市高二期末)
When I was growing up, I had an old neighbour named Dr Gibbs.He didn't look like any doctor I'd ever known.He never yelled at us for playing in his yard.I remember him as someone who was a lot nicer than most of the adults in our community.
When Dr Gibbs wasn't saving lives, he was planting trees.His house sat on ten acres, and his life's goal was to make it a forest.
The good doctor had some interesting theories concerning plant care and growth.He never watered his new trees, which flew in the face of conventional wisdom.Once I asked why.He said that watering plants spoiled them so that each successive tree generation would grow weaker and weaker.So you have to make things rough for them and weed out (淘汰) the weaker trees early on.
He talked about how watering trees made for shallow roots, and how trees that weren't watered had to grow deep roots in search of moisture.I took him to mean that deep roots were to be treasured.
So he never watered his trees.He planted an oak and, instead of watering it every morning, he'd beat it with a rolled-up newspaper.Smack! Slap! Pow! I asked him why he did that, and he said it was to get the tree's attention.
Dr Gibbs passed away a couple of years after I left home.Every now and again, I walked by his house and looked at the trees that I'd watched him plant some twenty-five years ago.They're extremely tall, big and robust since they have deep roots now.However, the trees in my garden trembled in a cold wind although I had watered them for several years.
It seems that adversity and suffering benefit these trees in ways comfort and ease never could.I stood there deep in thought.
Every night before I go to bed, I check on my two sons.I stand over them and watch their little bodies, the rising and falling of life within.I often pray for them.Mostly I pray that their lives will be easy.But I think it's time to change my prayer (祷词) because now I know my children are going to encounter hardship.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者的医生邻居不同寻常的种树经历，如不给树浇水等，最后树长的非常高大强壮，并经得起风吹雨打，是因为树的根非常深了，由此想到了孩子们以后将会遇到困难，所以祈祷孩子们像大树一样能深深扎根在泥土里，能经得起风雨的洗礼。
24．According to Dr Gibbs' theories, trees will become weaker if they .
A．are lack of care B．are watered
C．are weeded out D．are beaten
25．The underlined word “robust” in Para.6 most probably means “ ”．
A．strong B．strange
C．deep D．old
26．Which of the following may be the author's best prayer for his two sons now
A．I wish them strong wings, with which they can fly higher and touch the sky.
B．I wish them nice fortune so that they can meet people like Dr Gibbs in the future.
C．I wish them deep roots into the earth since the rains fall and the winds blow often.
D．I wish them great shades under the tree since the sunlight is always sharp and bitter.
27．Which of the following statement is correct according to the last paragraph
A．Every night I check on my two sons and see whether they grow a bit.
B．I know my children have to face adversity in their growth.
C．I should keep my prayer for my two sons.
D．I am going to change my prayer so that my children won't encounter hardship.
C
(2023·华南师大附中高二期末)
Welcome to the anti-climax, the often-experienced but seldom-discussed downside of achieving life's milestones.In psychology, the belief that achieving our goal will bring us a lasting feeling of happiness is called “arrival fallacy”， which plays a big part in the feelings of emptiness that follow it.
It's a feeling that's all too familiar for Katie Ford, a veterinary surgeon.To gain an extra qualification, she put in countless hours of study and made lots of sacrifices along the way, but now instead of celebration and pride, she feels emptiness and confusion, which have the potential to develop symptoms of depression and low mood.
If you find yourself in a similar situation or you suspect working towards your milestones may be a letdown when you reach the finish line, there are steps to help get rid of anti-climax.First, instead of rushing for it to be done, slow down to enjoy the doing, and remember that lots of things in our lives are never truly done, but constantly evolve just like we do.Another vital step is acknowledging the small wins.We have lots of stepping stones to a big goal to pause on, so celebrate how far you've come from the first one, and look forward to the many stones in front.Third, anticipating anti-climaxes in the lead up to big milestones can also lessen their impact.Anti-climaxes are just as common as post-holiday blues, so we'd better normalize them.
Rather than downplaying your milestones or moving straight to the next, mindfully cherish the moment, recognize your progress and reward yourself positively.That way, you won't fall into the fallacy of having “made it”．Instead, you'll see that you are happily “making it” along the journey that is an entire lifetime.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要告诉人们在反高潮、感到空虚时应该如何面对和解决。
28．What does “arrival fallacy” in the first paragraph refer to
A．The feelings of emptiness.
B．A feeling of happiness.
C．The seldom-discussed downside of achieving life's milestones.
D．The belief that achieving our goal will make us happy for a long time.
29．Why does the author cite the example of Katie Ford
A．To explain a rule.
B．To clarify a concept.
C．To draw a conclusion.
D．To make a prediction.
30．What does the third paragraph mainly talk about
A．Whether you fall victim to anti-climax.
B．Whether you empathize with Katie Ford.
C．How you can protect yourself from anti-climax.
D．How you can identify the symptoms of anti-climax.
31．What's the purpose of this article
A．To help us how to deal with anti-climax.
B．To set readers thinking about anti-climax.
C．To remind us of the danger of anti-climax.
D．To discuss the necessity of preventing anti-climax.
D
(2023·浙江省名校协作体高三月考)
In the 1940s, young male Royal Air Force pilots held needles as they waited for their next mission.Wartime pilots suffered a lot and knitting helped rebuild dexterity(灵巧) in wounded arms while also helping to settle wounded minds.
Today, millions of people around the world employ the same technique.“I know that if I haven't knitted for a few days, I really miss it.It's like meditation.” says Janine Smith, who owns a store in Sydney selling supplies for knitting.
Research supports Smith's statement.Physiotherapist Betsan Corkhill and occupational therapist Jill Riley were part of a team from Cardiff University that, ten years ago, surveyed more than 3,500 knitters and found that the more frequently people knitted, the calmer and happier they felt.
Or as Jannie Smith puts it, “That rhythm of making stitch after stitch is like deep breathing.It's a flow where you don't have to stress about it, you've got the rhythm happening.”
“Flow” is a concept first named by psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi.As he wrote in his book, “The best moments in our lives are neither the passive nor relaxing times.The best moments usually occur if a person's body or mind is stretched to its limits in a voluntary effort to accomplish something difficult and worthwhile.”
The Cardiff research team found that many respondents described feeling calmer and in a better mood after knitting, and the majority of respondents who suffered from depression “perceived that knitting made them feel happier.” For respondents who suffered from chronic pain, almost nine out of ten said that knitting gave them a sense of accomplishment and a means of coping with their pain.
Interestingly, more than half of those surveyed said that knitting pushed them to develop other skills, like building furniture.Because knitting is so accessible—at its heart it's two sticks and one stitch—it helps people build confidence in their abilities.After all, if you make a mistake, you can just pull it all out and start again.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文，通过举例和实验论证了编织的好处，可以让人感到平静和快乐，也可以使人重新建立信心。
32．Why does the author mention young male Royal Air Force pilots in paragraph 1
A．To give an example of a knitter.
B．To show the heavy burden on pilots.
C．To demonstrate the technique of pilots.
D．To introduce the healing effect of knitting.
33．Which can be called as the best moment according to Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi
A．Watching TV together with friends.
B．Taking physical exams.
C．Playing chess with a great opponent.
D．Reading funny comic books.
34．According to a research of Cardiff University, which statement about knitting is true
A．It motivates people to stretch their bodies.
B．It enables people to build furniture.
C．It helps people to get rid of chronic pain.
D．It allows people to build confidence to learn other skills.
35．What would be the best title for the text
A．Active Hands, Calm Minds
B．Healthier Attitude, Longer Life
C．Easy Knitting, Skill Building
D．Mind Calming, Flow Finding
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2023·江苏省淮安市高二期末调研)
For people who are not self-disciplined, their life is full of pain, and all pain comes from their own inability. 36.
So how do you achieve self-discipline
Have control over body.Self-disciplined people will not be so bad; those who can lose weight successfully have high requirements for themselves.Health is the most important foundation of your self-discipline. 37. They work for one hour and charge for eight hours, and the efficiency is extremely low.If you don't have time to exercise, you can only spend time seeing a doctor after the red light of your physical condition.
Have a good sense of time.The more self-disciplined you are, the more time you'll have to manage.A precise schedule can save you a lot of unnecessary time costs. 38. The beauty of time front allows you to use more free time to read, exercise, master a skill, and severely surpass the person who is still sleeping in bed.
39. Self-disciplined people will not be willing to stay in the comfort zone, but will keep developing their own new field world with the mentality of giving it a try.Choosing ease and obeying instinct(本能) ill bring the game of life to a dead end.And self-discipline may not always let you win. 40. If you decide that suffering is what you deserve, then the light will unavoidably come to you the same way.
A．Have a feeling of freshness.
B．But it will never let you lose.
C．Keep breaking personal ceiling.
D．People who do not work out are like a red light.
E．People who do not exercise are like an aging battery.
F．A self-disciplined person lives a particularly advanced and free life.
G．In addition, self-disciplined people will create time for themselves—get up early.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍自律的方法。
解析：
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2023·山东省泰安市高二期末)
A terrible fever made Anne Sullivan nearly lose her eyesight in her childhood, and the doctors said she was a hopelessly mad girl.She had been 41. in the basement of a mental hospital(精神病医院) in Boston.Sometimes, little Annie 42. hit anyone who came near to her.She ignored everyone who appeared in front of her most of the time.
However, an old nurse believed that little Annie had hope.She went to 43. little Annie every day.The child ignored her in most cases, but the old nurse 44. stopped seeing her every day in the basement.The kind-hearted lady left cookies for little Annie and spoke words full of encouragement to her.She believed that as long as she showed love, little Annie could get better.Finally, the doctors noticed the 45. in little Annie.They moved her upstairs and her condition continued 46. .Then her last day there came, and the child who seemed to be “ 47. ” went out of the locked door of the mental hospital.
After she grew up, Anne Sullivan hoped to help others, just as the kind old nurse helped her.She became the 48. of Helen Keller.She 49. her, trained her strictly and worked with her 50. she lit the candle that brought 51. to the whole world.Anne Sullivan 52. a miracle(奇迹) in the life of Helen Keller.But first it was a kind nurse who had full 53. in little Annie that turned a(n) 54. child into a great teacher.
If there had been no Anne Sullivan, the name of Helen Keller would not be 55. But if there hadn't been a nurse who kept showing love, Anne Sullivan wouldn't be known to the world, either.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述的是安妮·沙利文在一位老护士的帮助之下，从一位被锁在精神病医院地下室被医生认为是没有希望且不友好的女孩儿逐渐变好，成为海伦·凯勒的老师，并将其培养成人尽皆知的人的故事。
41．A.hidden B．received
C．locked D．found
42．A.angrily B．proudly
C．warmly D．secretly
43．A.treat B．see
C．promise D．miss
44．A.still B．already
C．ever D．never
45．A.worries B．problems
C．changes D．needs
46．A.worsening B．spreading
C．increasing D．improving
47．A.active B．healthy
C．hopeless D．useless
48．A.classmate B．teacher
C．neighbor D．boss
49．A.laughed at B．waited for
C．looked at D．cared for
50．A.if B．unless
C．until D．because
51．A.time B．dream
C．light D．power
52．A.created B．shared
C．stopped D．expected
53．A.control B．shame
C．pity D．confidence
54．A.stupid B．lazy
C．funny D．unfriendly
55．A.called B．known
C．left D．protected
非选择题部分
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2023·河北省张家口市高二期末)
In the early 19th century, cholera 56. (severe) hit Europe, which caused millions of 57. (death)．At that time, as a famous doctor in London, John Snow was so expert that he attended to Queen Victoria as her personal physician.But he never gave up his desire to defeat “King Cholera” and save common people's lives.
Cholera was a deadly disease and 58. (it) cause was not understood.John Snow rose to face the challenge and solve the problem.He suspected that cholera 59. (cause) by an infection from germs in food or water, but he needed proof.So when another severe outbreak hit London, he began to investigate by 60. (mark) on a map the exact places 61. all those who died had lived.Then he found that many victims during the outbreak were near the water pump, so he had the handle removed.As 62. result, soon the disease slowed down.He was sure that the water pump was 63. (blame) and people should drink pure or 64. (boil) water.
The water companies were instructed not to sell people the polluted water any more.Thanks 65. the work of John Snow, finally “King Cholera” was defeated.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述19世纪初，霍乱严重地袭击了欧洲，造成数百万人死亡。伦敦一位著名的医生约翰·斯诺通过不懈努力战胜霍乱拯救大家的事迹。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
某英文报的Travel栏目正面向中学生征文，你有意参加。请你用英语写一篇观光报告，内容包括：
1．时间及地点；
2．游览经过；
3．你的感受。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2023·湖南省永州市第一中学高三月考)
I had just changed into my running clothes and was leaving my office, off for a run even though it was well over 38℃ outside.I couldn't explain it, but I felt the need to run despite the record heat.A quarter-mile into my jog, I was exhausted.I admitted defeat and turned around.As I approached my car, I saw a dog circling it.
When I reached for the door handle, the dog disappeared beneath the car into the shade.I grabbed my bottle and took a drink of water.I then got down on my knees to look for the dog.When I stood up, I found him sitting in the driver's seat, panting (喘息)．I reached over and started the car, turning the air conditioning on high.He turned his face toward the vents, enjoying the cold air, his moustache blowing.I poured some water into the bottle cap and offered it to the dog.He drained it in a few desperate gulps(一大口)．I refilled it several times before he had his fill.
He wore no collar.I walked around but there was no one in sight.I stood there, looking at the dog staring back at me through the window.He waited patiently as if he'd been in my car dozens of times before.I didn't know what to do.Leaving him in that heat was out of the question.He would die.
I decided to drive him home.Before we were out of the parking lot, he had climbed onto my lap.He looked up at me, and then licked my sweaty face.“Ugh! No licking！”
I had never been a dog person.They smelt, they were loud, and they were messy.My newly-married husband had already resigned to the fact that we would never have a dog.And now one was in my car, on my lap! I pulled into my driveway and shrugged as my husband saw the dog, his eyes wide at this new development.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1：
I told him I was calling the animal shelter, lifting the dog out of the car. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
Ten days later, I went to the shelter to bring the dog home. _______________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
