译林牛津版必修1Unit1 School Life Grammar and usage（共60张PPT）

课件60张PPT。Grammar and usageUnit 1
School LifeObjectives1. To get some ideas about attributive clauses
2. To be able to find attributive clauses in an article
3. To know the usage of relative pronounsNote: Pay much attention to “that”
and “which”. 语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语言规则和语法规律。Observe the sentences you have learned.
1. Who do you think is the greatest person that has ever lived, Eddie?
2. On 20th July 1969, Armstrong became the first human that walked on the moon.
3. It is said that Armstrong sent a message to Mission Control which said that two huge, strange objects landed near them and were watching them.4. The most important award that Armstrong got for his service was the Medal of Freedom, the highest award that a US citizen can receive.
5. Neil Armstrong is the person who made people around the world realize that space exploration was truly possible.6. The computer that I bought last year isn’t working properly!
7. He was one of the famous people which Mr Wu mentioned yesterday.
8. Do you know the famous American scientist which invented over 1000 things? Observe the sentences from this unit.
1. I sat next to a girl whose name was Diana.
2. I loved the lessons that she gave in English Literature.
3. David was one of the most helpful students that we ever had.
4. Some of the cities in China which he likes most are Beijing, Shanghai, Harbin and Nanjing. 5. Most of the students whom he taught have become his friends.
6. Some of the books were gifts that he got from his Chinese friends and students.
7. The paintings that David donated to the school are being shown in the exhibition room.Guessing Gameto test your sense of observation
to test your ability of short-term memory
to test your ability to highlight the language pointsFill in the blanks with appropriate words.1. Who do you think is the greatest person ____ has ever lived, Eddie?
2. On 20th July 1969, Armstrong became the first human ___ walked on the moon.
3. It is said that Armstrong sent a message to Mission Control _____ said that two huge, strange objects landed near them and were watching them.that that which4. The most important award ____ Armstrong got for his service was the Medal of Freedom, the highest award _____ a US citizen can receive.
5. Neil Armstrong is the person ____ made people around the world realize that space exploration was truly possible.thatthatwho6. The computer ____ I bought last year isn’t working properly!
7. He was one of the famous people _____ Mr Wu mentioned yesterday.
8. Do you know the famous American scientist _____ invented over 1000 things? thatwhichwhichSentences from this unit.
1. I sat next to a girl ______ name was Diana.
2. I loved the lessons ___ she gave in English Literature.
3. David was one of the most helpful students ____ we ever had.
4. Some of the cities in China _____ he likes most are Beijing, Shanghai, Harbin and Nanjing. whosethatthatwhich5. Most of the students _____ he taught have become his friends.
6. Some of the books were gifts ___ he got from his Chinese friends and students.
7. The paintings ___ David donated to the school are being shown in the exhibition room.whomthatthat1. The factory was built in a secret place, around ____ high mountains.
A. which was B. it was
C. which were D. them were
2. He is the man __________ I saw yesterday.
3. Please pass me the book ______ cover is green.　 whom/thatwhoseHarry Pottera boy with glassesa boy who is brave and wearing glassesa brave boyAttributive 定语
(用来修饰名词的成分)I am an astronaut. An astronaut is a person.He works and travels in space.An astronaut is a person. He works and travels in space.whoI was sent into the sky
by a space craft.A space craft is a vehicle (运载工具). 　It can travel in space.A space craft is a vehicle __________ can travel in space.that / whichI came here on June
11, 2013.It was that day ______ I was sent into the sky.when I was sent into the sky
on on June 11, 2013.space capsuleI work and live in a space capsule.Space capsule is a place ______ an astronaut works and lives. whereIt is a space capsule.An astronaut is a person who works and travels in space.
2. A space craft is a vehicle that / which can travel in space.
3. A space capsule is a place where an astronaut works.
4. 25th Sept. 2008 was the day when Liu Boming was sent into the sky.antecedent 先行词relative pronoun 关系代词relative adverb关系副词antecedent 先行词1. 定义：又称形容词性从句，在复合句中修饰名词或代词，起定语作用。2. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。3. 关系代词/关系副词：引导定语从句的词。关系代词关系副词which, that, who, whom, whose等where, why, when在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定
语和表语在定语从句中作状语Relative pronounsRelative adverbsAttributive clausesNow, read the points and examples
on Page 8, and think about:
Nouns can be modified by _____,
______, and ______. Pay attention
to their different positions.
2. Read Point 2, and find out what
is the fun_ction of the words in
blue in each sentence?Attributive clausesRead the article on P9 and underline the attributive clauses in it.课本练习Paragraph 1：
David was one of the most helpful students that we ever had.
(The antecedent: one of the most helpful students; the relative pronoun: that, used as the object in the clause)
In 2004, he went to Oxford University where he became interested in Chinese culture. (The antecedent: Oxford University; the relative adverb: where, used as the adverbial in the clause)Paragraph 2:
Some of the cities in China which he likes most are Beijing, Shanghai, Harbin and Nanjing. (The antecedent: some of the cities; the relative pronoun: which, used as the object in the clause)Most of the students whom he taught have become his friends.
(The antecedent: most of the students; the relative pronoun: whom, used as the object in the clause)Paragraph 3：
Some of the books were gifts that he got from his Chinese friends and students.
(The antecedent: gifts, the relative pronoun: that, used as the object in the clause)
The paintings that David donated to the school are being shown in the exhibition room. (The antecedent: the paintings; the relative pronoun: that, used as the object in the clause) 关系代词的用法人；物物人人(人/物)的主语,宾语主语,宾语主语,宾语宾语定语作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省可省不可省which指物，在定语从句中做____________做________时常可省略。
1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
2) He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers.??
3) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.??
4) The film (which) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 主语或宾语 宾语2. that指人时，相当于who或whom；指
物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作
__________，作________时常可省略。
Where is the man (that/whom) I saw this morning?
2) The person (that/whom) you introduced to me is very kind.??
3) The season that/which comes after spring is summer.??
4) Yesterday I received a letter that/which came from Australia. ?? 主语或宾语 宾语3. who指人，作_______________，作
________可省略。
The boys who are playing football are
from Class One.
The student (who) we met at the school
gate is from America.
4. whom指人，作_______， _____省略，
但是如介词提前则_______省略。
The man (whom/who) I talked to is Mr.
Li.
The man to whom I talked is Mr. Li. 主语或宾语
宾语宾语 可不可5. whose 在定语从句中作______，与后面的
名词为所属关系。 whose多指人，也可指
物，指物时可与 of which互换使用。
1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
2) The classroom whose door is broken will
soon be repaired.
= The classroom the door of which is broken
will soon be repaired.
3) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?
= Do you like the book the cover of which is
yellow?? 定语I like the baby who/that/whose…gnaw (咬, 啃) his fingersgrovel (趴) on the groundWhich baby do you like best?Which is your favorite monkey?Complete the following article (Page 11) about high schools in the USA using who, whom, which or whose. 课本练习p11A There are several differences between high schools in the USA and high schools in China. For one thing, students ____ study in the USA are in class only about twenty hours per week. The rest of the time _____ they spend at school is used for independent study. With so much free time, students ____ do not make good use of their time may not pass their exams. Students __________ the teachers fail maywhowhichwhowhom/who have to take the classes again. For another thing, many courses are classes _____the students can study just for fun, but ______they do not have to take. Finally, students can often choose their classes and class times. Some courses are required, but the students can still decide the teacher _______ class they wish to take. They can choose to take the class of a teacher __________ they like or respect.whichwhichwhose whom/whothat和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换，但在下列情况下，一般用that而不用which。 (1) 限制性定语从句中先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, none, few, little, some等不定代词指物时。(something用that或which均可)
Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said??
There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world.?Note:(2) There be 句型中用that。
There?is?a?book?on?the?desk?that?belongs?to?Tom.
(3) 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰。
This is the first book (that) he has read.
This is the best film (that) I have ever seen.
This is the first time (that) I am in Beijing.(4) 先行词是who或which引导的主句。
Who is the girl that drove the car?
Who that broke the window will be punished?
Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?
Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there? (5) 当先行词既有人又有物。
They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school.
Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.
(6) 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, the only, the very, the last, just, right等修饰。
I’ve read all the books that are not mine.
This is the very book that belongs to him.(1) 紧跟介词作宾语 (二单元语法点)
There are many trees under which they can have a rest.
(2) 在非限制性定语从句中(三单元语法点)
Football, which is a very popular game, is played all over the world.
(3) 作定语
He may be late, in which case, we should wait for him.一般用which而不用that的情况。Time for reflection人；物物人人(人/物)的主语,宾语主语,宾语主语,宾语宾语定语作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省可省不可省Can you fill out the table?Tips for teacherThe followings are some exercises.
If time is limited, the teacher can
choose some to practise with the
students.请点击Quiz I: Multiple choice. The prize will go to the writer ________
story shows the most imagination.
(2011全国)
A. that B. which
C. whose D. what
2. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ____ uses it somewhat differently. (2011浙江)
A. which B. what
C. them D. those3. The old town has narrow streets and
small houses _____are built close to
each other. (2011山东)
A. they B. where
C. what D. that
4. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _____had taken more than three years. (2011江西)
A. for which B. with which
C. of which D. to which5. The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ____ lives were affected. (2013福建)
A. whose B. that
C. who D. which
6. Happiness and success often come to those ____ are good at recognizing their own strengths. (2013湖南)
A. whom B. who
C. what D. which7. Finally he reached a lonely island _____ was completely cut off from the outside world. (2013山东)
A. when B. where
C. which D. whom Quiz II: Translation. 1. 昨天我看的那部电影非常令人感动。
2. 他丢失了他父亲给他的那块手表。
3. 刚才跟你讲话的那个人是我们的校长。The film that I saw yesterday is very moving.He lost the watch that/which his father gave him.The man who talked to you just now is our principal.4. 我捡到的那本书是小王丢失的。
5. 我们最需要的东西是时间。
6. 我最喜欢的学科是英语。The book which/that I picked up is the one that Xiao Wang lost.The thing that we need most is time.The subject that/which I like best is English.7. 站在学校门口的那个人是我们的老师。
8. 你知道那个马尾辫 (ponytail) 长长的女
孩吗？
我永远忘不了那位教授上星期给我们
做的讲座。
The man who is standing at the school gate is our teacher.Do you know the girl whose ponytail is long?I will never forget the lecture that the professor gave us last week. 10. 我丢了那本红封面的书。
I lost the book ___________________.
11. 你能告诉我你们上星期参观的工厂的
名字吗？
Can you tell me the name of the factory
________________________________?
12. 他就是我正在找的人。
He is the man ____________________
_______________________.whose cover is red (which/that) you visited last week(who/whom/that)I am looking for13. 我昨天收到的信是我姑妈寄来的。
The letter ______________________
_________ was from my aunt.
14. 在接下来的年月里，他们拼命工作。
During the years _________________,
they worked very hard.
15. 那个名叫彼得的男孩是我们的班长。
The boy _______________________
__________________ is our monitor.(which/that) I receivedthat followedwhose name is Peter/who is named PeteryesterdayQuiz III: Fill in the blanks according to the text and the given words.There once were a goat and a donkey 1____ lived on a farm. The donkey worked the hardest so the farmer fed it the most 2_____. Sometimes the donkey was given more food 3 _____ it could eat. that food than This made the goat so jealous 4_____ it began plotting against（谋划对付） the donkey. "Hey, donkey," the goat said one day. "I think you do too much work on this farm. You carry such heavy things from morning to night. Why don't you pretend 5______(get) sick so you can take a day 6____?'' The donkey thought the goat had a great idea. that to get off So the next morning, the donkey lay in the stable（畜栏） on its side with its eyes 7_______ (close). Right away, the farmer called the doctor. 8______ looking at the donkey, the doctor said it needed a special medicine made 9______ the heart of a goat. So the farmer killed 10_______ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart.closed After from his/the PreviewPreview Task on Page 12 about
reporting school activities:
Skills building 1: understanding a
programme
Skills building 2: comparing information
Skills building 3: writing a notice Review the grammar.
Do the exercise B on
Page 11.HomeworkThank you!