Unit1 Past and present Grammar课件

课件48张PPT。8B Unit 1 Past and present
GrammarThe Present Perfect Tense
现在完成时 Let's review something about the reading.1.How long has Mr Chen lived in Sunshine Town?
2.What has the government done to part of the town centre?
3.Why does Mr Chen think it is impossible to see his old friends as often as before?
He has lived there since he was born.The government has turned part of the town centre into a new park.Because most of his old friends have moved away.He has lived there since he was born.
The government has turned part of the town centre into a new park.
Because most of his old friends have moved away.现在完成时一、Unit1 现在完成时的定义P12定义1： 动作发生在过去对现在造成了影响或结果。特点是既涉及过去，又联系现在：动作是过去发生的，结果是现在存在的。 Eddie has eaten Hobo’s food. 此句是现在完成时。“吃”的动作是过去发生的，
而对现在所造成的结果是Hobo没有食物吃了。He speaks French so fluently. He learned it in Paris. He was there for two years.He has studied French.
(他学过法语。)这句话所说明的结果是他现在懂法语。Look! The blackboard is so clean now. He has cleaned the blackboard.
(他已经擦过黑板了。)?这句话所表示的结果是黑板现在是干净的。定义2：现在完成时态还表示动作或状态从过去开始一直延续到现在甚至将来。Eddie has lived with Millie since he was born.Eddie has lived with Millie for four years.定义3：到目前为止动作已经发生许多次I have already read this book many times二、Unit1 现在完成时的构成P13-14 1. 现在完成时的肯定句句型 主语（第一、二人称单、复数)+have 主语（第三人称复数） +have +过去分词 主语（第三人称单数） +has We have lived in Beijing.
He has lived in Beijing.
I have finished my homework.e.g.
We ______________ Xiao Caiqi. (know）
She ______________very popular now. （become)have known
has become2. 现在完成时的否定句句型
主语+have/has+not+过去分词+……


I have not seen the movie yet.

He hasn’t been to Beijing since thene.g.
Mr Chen ____________ to any other city yet. ( not move）
The snow _____________ yet. ( not melt融化）hasn’t movedhasn’t melted(3)一般疑问句及回答---Have+I/you/we/they+p.p(过去分词）+其它？
---Yes, I/you/we/they have.
---No, I/you/we/they haven’t.
---Has +she/he/it+p.p(过去分词） +其它？
---Yes, she/he/it has.
---No, she/he/it hasn’t.e.g.
1. ---_______ you ever_______ Xiao Caiqi before? (meet）

2.---______ she __________very popular recently?（become) Have met
---No, I haven’t Has become
---Yes, She has 1.一般疑问句的结构：Have/Has … +V的过去分词 2.否定句的结构： have/has+not +V的过去分词缩写形式：haven’t/ hasn’t注意：有already的句子改疑问句或否定句时，把already改为yet1. I’ve already had dinner. (否)
I ________ _____ dinner _____.
2. He has just finished his homework. (否)
He ______ _______ his homework ___.
3. Mum has cooked the dinner. (否)
Mum _______ _______ the dinner.
4. I have done my homework. (疑)
_____ you done your homework ___?
5. I have ridden a horse. (疑)
_____ you _____ ridden a horse?haven’thadyethasn’tfinishedyet hasn’t cookedIII. 将下列句子改为否定句或疑问句。Have yet Have ever 现在完成时
主菜单上一页下一页过去分词的构成规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：stop
mop
trap
planstopped stopped
mopped mopped
trapped trapped
planned planned注:以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,双写最后一个辅音字母＋ed双写＋edstudy
hurrystudied studied
hurried hurried去y＋ied注:以辅音字母加y结尾的词,去y＋ied.过去分词的构成(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。
finish---finished---finished, visit---visited---visited
(2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。　
change—changed— changed, live---lived---lived ,
(3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 “y” 变为 “i” ，再加“ ed ”。
carry--carried---carried, cry---cried---cried
(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。
　stop---stopped---stopped, drop---dropped--dropped 　　　　　　　　　　不规则变化P122-123不规则动词过去分词的构成参见P122上一页下一页ABBAAA ABC主菜单动词的过去分词写出下列动词的过去分词 P14用现在完成时完成下列句子： (p 14)1.They ______________(finish) their homework already.
2. John _______ never _______ (visit) China.
3. Mr Li ______________(repair) over ten bicycles
since Monday.
4. We ________________(not see) each other for years.
5. My parents ______________(not come) back yet.
6. Our teacher _____________(teach) us a lot about the
history of China.have finishedhave visited has repairedhaven’t seenhaven’t comehas taughtmove
live
love
like动词的过去式和过去分词的构成:1. 规则变化visit
repair
watch
finishvisited visited
repaired repaired
watched watched
finished finishedmoved moved
lived lived
loved loved
liked liked verb＋ed以e结尾＋dExercise 1:
bring
buy
fall
feel
speak
think
writebrought brought
bought bought
fell fallen
felt felt
spoke spoken
thought thought
wrote written三、现在完成时的标志词
P10, P40 TIPS现在完成时的时间副词和时间短语:1. 副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和 疑问句中。
如: We have already finished our homework.
我们已完成作业了。 They haven't finished their homework yet.
他们还没有完成作业。 - I have never been to the Great Wall.
我从未去过长城。 副词ever 和never。多用于否定或疑问
句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。?
如: - Have you ever been to the Great Wall?
你曾经去过长城吗?He has just eaten ten apples.
他刚吃完十个苹果。3. 用just表示到说话时为止的时间状语,
如: I have just seen her, but I don’t know
where she is now .?我刚看见她，但我不知道她现在在哪。4. 当在肯定陈述句中含有already或just 时，在转换成否定句或疑问句时，要把句中的already 或just 去掉，在句末加上yet. I haven’t seen the film yet.● I have done my homework already.I haven’t done my homework yet.● Mother has just cleaned the house.Mother hasn’t cleaned the house yet.● I have seen the film already. “Has the bus left yet”?
“Yes. It has already left.”
“No. It hasn’t left yet.
“汽车开走了吗？”
“是的，已经开走了。”
“不，还没有开走。 ”上一页下一页Tips★ already是 “已经”之意，用在肯定句中。yet用在疑问句和否定句中，在否定句中有“还”之意。1. He has _________ visited many ?places in China.
?? ?
2. The train hasn’t arrived _________.

3. Has she arrived _________ ? ?

4. Hasn’t he come back_________ ?alreadyyet yet yet Tip:
“already” 可用在句中. “ yet” 只用在句末Practice： 用“already” “yet”填空5.表示动作或状态从过去开始一直延续到现在甚至将来I have lived here for twenty years.
She has moved to Beijing since she was born.
They have changed a lot over these years. 标志词：for +一段时间, since+过去的时间点, over these years, so far, in the past/last …yearsWe __________ (learn) English for three years/ since two years ago/since 2000.
Mr. Green _________ (be) in China these years.
They ____________(write) 15 songs so far.
The population ____________ (grow) more slowly in the past ten years.have learnedhas beenhave writtenhas grown1. already已经(用于肯定陈述句）
I have already done the homework.
2. yet还没 是already的否定式（否定句或疑问句）
I haven’t done the homework yet.
3. just刚刚（位于谓语动词前）
I have just seen Daniel.
4. ever曾经（多用于疑问句，问初次经历）,
Have you ever watched the film?
5. never从不（多用于否定陈述句）
I have never read this book.
6. recently 最近 Have you been here recently?标志词总结:
主菜单上一页下一页现在完成时的构成现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的时间状语过去分词的构成Conclusion现在完成时
— _______ you ever _______ with a
group?
— Yes, I have.
A. Did, study B. Are, studying
C. Were, studying D. Have, studied
2. — Lucy, _____ you ____ your ticket?
— Not yet.
A. did; find B. have; found
C. has; found D. do; findI. Multiple choice.3. My grandmother ______ a lot of
changes in Tianjin since she came here.
(2011天津)
A. sees B. can see
C. will see D. has seen
4. My aunt is a writer. She ______ more
than ten books since 1980. (2011北京)
A. writes B. wrote
C. has written D. will write 5. — Why won’t you go to the movie with
me, Gina?
— Because I ______ it twice. (2011襄阳)
A. see B. have seen
C. saw D. will see
6. — China develops so fast.
— That’s true. It ______ a lot already.
(2011安徽芜湖)
A. changes B. changed
C. will change D. has changed 7. — I’d like to introduce my best friend
to you, Peter.
— Thank you, Lucy. But we ______
already. (2012河南)
A. meet B. met
C. will meet D. have met
8. Since 2000, Jingmen has become a new
city. Everything ______. (2013湖北荆州) A. is changed?????? ?B. was changed????
?C. had changed????D. has changed 9. Julia isn’t going to the cinema with us
because she ______ the film.
(2013浙江湖州)
A. sees?? ?? B. saw?? ??
C. will see??? ?? D. has seen
10. — Look at these stamps. I _______
them for five years.??? — Wow, they are wonderful. (2013湖南衡阳) ??
A. kept??????? B. have kept??????????
C. have bought1. I ________ (have) dinner. I am full.
2. We _________ (read) this story.
3. They ________ (see) the movie.
4. She __________ (buy) some nice toys.
5. Hurry up! Lunch _____ already
______ (begin).
6. We ___________ (wash) our clothes.
They’re clean now.
7. _____ he ever _______ (ride) a bike? have had have readhave seenhas bought have washedII. Fill in the blanks.Has riddenhasbegunIV. Put the following sentences into English.1. 你已经制作好生日贺卡了吗？
______ _______ __________ making
the birthday card ______?
2. 我已经吃过早饭了，现在一点也不饿。
I _______ _______ ________ breakfast,
and now I am not hungry at all.
3. — 你这周日准备做什么？— 还没决定。
— What are you going to do this Sunday?
— I _______ ________ ___. have already eatenHave you finishedyet haven’t decided yet 4. — 你读过《哈利·波特》这本书么？
— 是的，我已经读过好多遍了。
— _____ you _____ the book Harry
Porter?
— Yes, I _____ _______ ______ it
several times.
5. 自从1978年以来，他一直住在这儿。
He _____ _____ here since 1978. Have read have already read has livedHomework：
1.复习现在完成时的构成与用法。
2.背诵不规则动词的过去分词P13。
3 完成《课课练》P6 Grammar Period 4 That’s all for today!
Thanks for coming!
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Bye!