中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 6 Keep our city clean
重难点讲解 (含答案)
词汇讲解
smoke ①名词 ②动词
smoke 名词“(燃烧所产生的的)烟，烟雾”，不可数
注意：smoke作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
例如：Smoke from factories makes the city dirty.
smoke 动词“吸烟，冒烟”
→三单smokes →过去式smoked →现在分词smoking
例如：No smoking. 禁止吸烟。
【小试牛刀1】
① Smoke from the fire (make) us cannot see things clearly.
rubbish 垃圾
rubbish 不可数名词“垃圾”
注意：rubbish作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
例如：The rubbish makes the room dirty.
【拓展】垃圾词汇分类：rubbish, garbage, trash, litter（了解）
rubbish不分类的垃圾（或junk）（生活+厨余垃圾）
garbage湿垃圾
trash干垃圾（生活垃圾）
litter随便扔在马路边上，没有扔进垃圾桶的垃圾（乱扔在地上的垃圾）
【小试牛刀2】
② Rubbish (make) the street dirty.
pick 捡起
解析：pick...up “把...捡起”
注意：代词放中间，如：pick it/them up;
名词放中间或后面，如：pick the rubbish up/pick up the rubbish
【小试牛刀3】
③ The books are on the ground. Please .
A.pick them up B.pick up it C.pick it up
【答案】makes， makes， A
重难点讲解
What makes our city dirty 什么使我们的城市变脏
解析：(1)特殊疑问词 what 在此句中作主语。
当特殊疑问词作主语时，其后的谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
(2) make 意为“使……变得……”
后接名词或代词作宾语，再接形容词作宾语补足语，对宾语作补充说明。
【例句】(1) What makes you so happy 什么使你如此高兴
(2) Fruit can make us healthy. 水果可以使我们健康。
【练习】单项选择。
( )—What the room messy and dirty
—The dirty clothes and the waste paper.
A. make B. makes C. making
【答案】B
What can we do to keep our city clean 为了保持我们的城市整洁,我们可以做什么
解析：keep 意为“保持，维持”，“keep+名词+形容词”意为“保持某人或某物处于某种状态”。
此句中的to keep our city clean 是不定式短语,作状语,用来说明What can we do的目的。
【例句】Keep your eyes closed. Trust me.闭上你的眼睛。相信我。
【练习】单项选择。
( ) We should keep our bedroom .
A. cleans B. to clean C. clean
【答案】C
We can move some factories away from our city.
我们可以把一些工厂从我们的城市搬走。
解析：move ... away from 意为“从……搬走”, move... away意为“把……搬走”。
【例句】(1) Let's move this chair away from the office.
让我们把这把椅子从办公室搬走。
(2) Yu Gong wanted to move the two mountains away.
愚公想把那两座山移走。
【练习】单项选择。
( ) We can move the table the living room.
A. away from B. away with C. to away
【答案】A
They help keep the air clean. 它们有助于保持空气清新。
解析：help sb(to) do sth意为“帮助某人做某事”。
help 后接动词时,可以加 to 再接动词原形,也可省略 to。
如果要表示在某方面帮助某人,可以用“help sb with …”。
【例句】(1) Mike often helps his mother water the flowers.
迈克经常帮助他的妈妈浇花。
(2) I always help my parents with the housework at home.
我在家总是帮我的父母做家务。
【练习】单项选择。
( ) John helped the old lady the road last Saturday.
A. cross B. to crossing C. crossed
【答案】A
Billy goes to hospital. 比利住院了。
解析：在英式英语中,“住院;去医院看病”用go to hospital
而在美式英语中,则用 go to the hospital表达相同的意思
go to the hospital 还可以意为“去医院”,是指去医院上班或去医院探望病人等。
【例句】(1) You don't look well. You should go to(the) hospital.
你看起来不太好。你应该去医院看病。
(2) Nancy went to the hospital to see Uncle Bob last Saturday.
南希上个星期六去医院看望了鲍勃叔叔。
【练习】根据中文提示填空。
George had to (住院) for treatment(治疗).
【答案】go to(the) hospital
易错易混全解
易混淆 by metro 与 take the metro 的区别。
【例题】根据中文提示完成句子。
我们可以乘地铁去博物馆。
(1) We can to the museum.
(2) We can go to the museum .
【答案】(1) take the metro (2) by metro
点拨：“乘地铁”可以表达为 by metro或take the metro,但是两者之间的不同在于: by metro是介词短语，放在谓语动词的后面，表示一种说明；而 take the metro 是动词短语，可以在句中直接作谓语。
第(1)小题，句子缺少谓语成分，且设空处前 can 是情态动词，其后要接动词原形，故填take the metro。第(2)小题，设空处前已有谓语动词 go，设空处要填的内容应该是表示出行方式,故填by metro。
易混淆名词或代词作宾语时在动词短语 pick ... up中的位置。
【例题】单项选择。
( )(1) Please . You should put them in the bin.
A. pick up the skins B. pick up it C. pick the skin up
( )(2) The toys on the floor are yours. Can you
A. pick it up B. pick them up C. pick up them
【答案】(1) A (2) B
点拨：pick ... up意为“捡起,拾起”, pick ... up的宾语如果是代词,该代词应放在 pick与up的中间位置；宾语如果是名词，该名词既可以放在 pick与 up的中间位置，也可以放在pick up的后面。
第(1)小题，由后一句中的 them 可知，前一句中 pick的宾语是复数，故选 A。第(2)小题，前一句的主语 toys是复数名词，所以后一句应用them 来代替其作 pick的宾语，且them要放在pick 与 up的中间位置,故选 B。
Smoke from cars makes the air dirty. 汽车产生的烟雾使空气变脏。
Rubbish makes the streets messy and dirty. 垃圾使街道变得凌乱而肮脏。
Pick it up. 把它捡起来。
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" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 6 Keep our city clean
语法梳理：make的用法与to keep目的状语精讲精练(含答案)
特殊疑问词作主语的用法
解析：·特殊疑问词what在本句中作主语，当表示一般情况时，通常被当作第三人称单数，其所跟的谓语动词也要用第三人称单数形式。
·who，when，which，where也可有这种用法。
拓展：make的用法：
①“make + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”意为“使……处于某种状态”。
典例： Eating too much food made him ill. 吃太多食物使他生病了。
②表示“合计；等于”。
典例： 5 and 7 makes 12. 5加7等于12.
③表示“制作；制造”。
典例： He likes making model planes. 他喜欢制作飞机模型。
④表示“迫使；强迫”。
典例： The teacher made him stay after school. 老师让他放学后留下来。
⑤“make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb.”意为“为某人做某物”。
典例： My mother made me a skirt. = My mother made a skirt for me.
我妈妈为我做了一条短裙。
⑥make sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”。
典例： The teacher made the noisy boy stand up. 老师让那个吵闹的男孩儿站起来。
“to keep sth + 形容词”作目的状语的用法
解析：·to在句中引导目的状语，表示“为了……”。
“keep sth/sb + 形容词”意为“保持某物/某人……（处于某种状态）。”
拓展：keep doing sth意为“继续做某事”,表示不间断地持续做一件事。需要注意的是 keep后不能直接跟动词不定式或表示静止、短暂状态的动词,而必须跟延续性动词。
典例： To keep my brother healthy, my mother takes good care of him.
为了保持我弟弟的健康, 我妈妈把他照顾得很好。
He kept working all day, because he wanted to make more money.
他整天都不停地工作, 因为他想挣更多的钱。
【考题精练】
从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空。
walk make be littering sit plant
1.My grandfather on the sofa and watching TV now.
2.What the river dirty
3.There many people in the playground yesterday.
4.Don’t rubbish in the classroom. We should keep it clean.
5.To keep the air clean, we can more trees.
6.My mother to work every morning.
单项选择。
( )1.The rubbish our city dirty.
A.make B.making C.makes
( )2.—What our city dirty
—Smoke the cars and the factories.
A.makes; from B.make; from C.takes; to
( )3.To keep the air clean, we can plant trees.
A.any B.more C.much
( )4.There’s much in our city.
A.museums B.factories C.rubbish
( )5.Mary can’t her bag. Now she it.
A.find; is looking for B.look for; is finding C.find; look for
( )6.We can the floor now.
A.sweep B.sweeping C.are sweeping
( )7.Grandma is sleeping. We shout.
A.should B.shouldn’t C.can
( )8.The floor is wet. The old man and .
A.slips; falls B.falls; slips C.picks; falls
从方框中选择合适的句子完成对话。(其中有一项是多余项)
A: Hi, Mike.1.
B: The air here is very dirty. I have a bad cough now.
A: 2.
B: Look, Tom!3.
A: I can see much black smoke.4.
B: It's from some factories. It can make the air very dirty.
A: 5.
B: We can move those factories away from our city.
A: That's a good idea.
阅读理解。
Frank asked his mum if he could ride his bike to the park.“As long as(只要) you are careful when you are riding,”she said.
When Frank got to the park, he saw many people holding garbage(垃圾) bags. Many of his friends and some teachers were there. His friend Vicky said,“Everyone is cleaning the park today.”She asked Frank if he would like to help. Frank said,“Sure,”and he asked for a garbage bag.
There was garbage everywhere. Frank picked up candy wrappers, juice bottles, newspapers and apple cores. They were really dirty. After an hour, he had filled 3 garbage bags. His friends filled a lot of garbage bags too.
When everyone finished, one of the teachers took the filled garbage bags into a truck. The truck would take them away. The park looked great again. They put up signs around the park that read,“Please place garbage in garbage cans and help keep the park clean.”
The teachers bought pizza and juice for everyone who helped clean the park. After that, Frank and his friends put garbage into the garbage cans. Now people could have a great time in the park.
阅读短文,判断正(T)误(F)。
( )1. Frank went to the park by bike.
( )2. Many people were cleaning the park when Frank got to the park.
( )3. Frank and his friends filled three garbage bags in all that day.
( )4. When everyone finished, one of Frank's teachers drove a truck to take garbage bags away.
( )5. Frank and his friends put garbage into the truck after they ate pizza and drank juice.
参考答案
一、1.is sitting 2.makes 3.were 4.litter 5.plant 6.walks
二、1-8CABCAABA
三、1.D2.C3.F4E5.B
四、1. T 解析:通读第一段内容可知, Frank是骑自行车去的公园。故填T。
2. T 解析: 由第二段中“His friend Vicky said, ‘Everyone is cleaning the park today.’”可知, Frank到达公园时,很多人正在打扫公园。故填T。
3. F 解析:由第三段“After an hour, he had filled 3 garbage bags. His friends filled a lot of garbage bags too.”可知, Frank 和他的朋友装的垃圾袋的总数是远远超过3个的。故填 F。
4. F 解析: 由第四段中“When everyone finished, one of the teachers took the filled garbage bags into a truck. The truck would take them away.”可知,文章中并未提及卡车是由 Frank的其中一位老师开的。故填 F。
5. F 解析:由最后一段中“After that, Frank and his friends put garbage into the garbage cans.”可知, Frank和他的朋友将垃圾放在了垃圾箱里，而不是放在了卡车上。故填F。
What makes our city dirty 是什么使得我们城市变脏
A. Is our city clean
B. What can we do then
C. What makes the air dirty
D. What's the matter
E. Where is it from
F. What can you see in the sky
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" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 6 Keep our city clean
必背知识+重点词句默写(含答案)
语音 陈述句、祈使句、特殊疑问句等句式在朗读时用降调(↘)，一般疑问句在朗读时用升调(↗)
必背词汇 单词 四会 keep保持,维持 clean干净的,整洁的 make 使……变得dirty肮脏的 museum 博物馆 ground 地面,地上
三会 air空气 smoke烟雾 rubbish 垃圾 messy肮脏的，乱七八糟的 dead死的 bin 垃圾桶 plant 种植,栽种 more 更多的 throw扔skin果皮 slip滑倒 fall摔倒
词组 keep our city clean保持我们的城市整洁 these pictures of our city我们城市的这些图片smoke from cars汽车尾气 make the air dirty使空气变脏take the metro搭乘地铁 walk to school步行去学校plant more trees种更多的树 put rubbish in the bin把垃圾放进垃圾桶里sweep the floor扫地 help keep the air clean有助于保持空气清新 walk home步行回家throw rubbish on the floor把垃圾扔在地上live in the city住在城市里pick it up捡起它make the streets messy and dirty使街道变得又脏又乱throw a banana skin on the ground把一个香蕉皮扔在地上slip on the banana skin and fall踩到香蕉皮上滑倒go to hospital住院;去医院看病black smoke from factories来自工厂的黑烟move some factories away from our city把一些工厂从我们的城市搬走
必背句型 四会 1.—What makes our city dirty 什么使我们的城市变脏 —Smoke from cars makes the air dirty.汽车尾气使空气变脏。2. Rubbish makes the streets messy and dirty.垃圾使街道变得又脏又乱。3.—What can we do to keep our city clean 为了保持我们的城市整洁,我们可以做什么 —We can take the bus and the metro/walk to school.我们可以搭乘公共汽车和地铁/步行去学校。4. We can move some factories away from our city.我们可以把一些工厂从我们的城市搬走。5. We can plant more trees. They help keep the air clean.我们可以种更多的树。它们有助于保持空气清新。6. I like living in the city. 我喜欢住在城市里。7. Bobby, you shouldn't do that! Pick it up.波比,你不应该那样做! 把它捡起来。8. Billy goes to hospital. 比利住院了。9. The toys make the floor messy. 玩具使地面变得乱七八糟。
必会语法 特殊疑问词作主语的用法；“to keep sth + 形容词”作目的状语的用法
重点词句默写通关(有答案)
一、词组
保持我们的城市整洁 我们城市的这些图片
汽车尾气 使空气变脏
搭乘地铁 步行去学校
种更多的树 把垃圾放进垃圾桶里
扫地 有助于保持空气清新
步行回家 把垃圾扔在地上
住在城市里 捡起它
使街道变得又脏又乱 把一个香蕉皮扔在地上
踩到香蕉皮上滑倒 住院;去医院看病
来自工厂的黑烟 把一些工厂从我们的城市搬走
二、句子什么使我们的城市变脏 汽车尾气使空气变脏。 垃圾使街道变得又脏又乱。 —为了保持我们的城市整洁,我们可以做什么 —我们可以搭乘公共汽车和地铁/步行去学校。 我们可以把一些工厂从我们的城市搬走。 我们可以种更多的树。它们有助于保持空气清新。 我喜欢住在城市里。 波比,你不应该那样做! 把它捡起来。 比利住院了。 玩具使地面变得乱七八糟。
重点词句默写答案
一、词组
keep our city clean保持我们的城市整洁
these pictures of our city我们城市的这些图片
smoke from cars汽车尾气
make the air dirty使空气变脏
take the metro搭乘地铁
walk to school步行去学校
plant more trees种更多的树
put rubbish in the bin把垃圾放进垃圾桶里
sweep the floor扫地
help keep the air clean有助于保持空气清新
walk home步行回家
throw rubbish on the floor把垃圾扔在地上
live in the city住在城市里
pick it up捡起它
make the streets messy and dirty使街道变得又脏又乱
throw a banana skin on the ground把一个香蕉皮扔在地上
slip on the banana skin and fall踩到香蕉皮上滑倒
go to hospital住院;去医院看病
black smoke from factories来自工厂的黑烟
move some factories away from our city把一些工厂从我们的城市搬走
二、句子
1.—What makes our city dirty 什么使我们的城市变脏
—Smoke from cars makes the air dirty.汽车尾气使空气变脏。
2. Rubbish makes the streets messy and dirty.垃圾使街道变得又脏又乱。
3.—What can we do to keep our city clean 为了保持我们的城市整洁,我们可以做什么
—We can take the bus and the metro/walk to school.
我们可以搭乘公共汽车和地铁/步行去学校。
4. We can move some factories away from our city.
我们可以把一些工厂从我们的城市搬走。
5. We can plant more trees. They help keep the air clean.
我们可以种更多的树。它们有助于保持空气清新。
6. I like living in the city. 我喜欢住在城市里。
7. Bobby, you shouldn't do that! Pick it up.波比,你不应该那样做! 把它捡起来。
8. Billy goes to hospital. 比利住院了。
9. The toys make the floor messy. 玩具使地面变得乱七八糟。
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" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 6 Keep our city clean
语音精讲精练 (含答案)
Intonation语调
解析：语调（intonation），即说话的腔调，就是一句话里声调（pitch）高低抑扬轻重的配制和变化，是语言的旋律。英语有五种常用语调：升调（↗）、降调（↘）、升降调（∧）、降升调（∨）以及平调（→）。（Unit 3已学到降调（↘））
一般疑问句和答语的语调
一般疑问句用升调，它的简略回答用降调。
例：1、Is this your book ↗ 2、Are you from America ↗
Yes, ↘ it is. ↘ Yes, ↘ I am.↘
No, ↘ it isn’t.↘ No, ↘ I am not.↘
其他句型的升降调
I don’t know her name.（陈述句）
What did you see （特殊疑问句）
Please be quiet.（祈使句）
Thank you!（感叹句）
总结： 一般疑问句
特殊疑问句
感叹句 用降调（↘）
祈使句
一般疑问句 用升调（↗）
★升调rising intonation, 降调falling intonation
【考题精练】
用“↗”或“↘”标出下列句子的语调。
( )1.Did you go to the theater
( )2.When did you go to the theater？
( )3.Did you pick up your kids
( )4.Does Luxun Park open at five
( )5.Can you lend me one hundred Yuan？
( )6.How are you
( )7.Why did you leave
( )8. Where are the photos
( )9.Who are you calling
( )10. Which one did you select
( )11.Can I borrow your pen
( )12. Where’s your pen
( )13.Did you go to the theater
( )14. How was the theater
( )15.What did you do for the holiday
( )16.Did you go fishing
( )17.Because I wanted to give you the fish.
( )18.The New Year is nearly here.
( )19.Pick three cards.
( )20.What a day!
( )21.It means you can’t litter here.
( )22.Can you keep the kitchen clean, Liu Tao
( )23.We should plant more trees to keep the city clean.
( )24.What makes your school so beautiful
( )25.Did you go to Beijing by train last weekend
参考答案
↗1.Did you go to the theater
↘2.When did you go to the theater？
↗3.Did you pick up your kids
↗4.Does Luxun Park open at five
↗5.Can you lend me one hundred Yuan？
↘6.How are you
↘7.Why did you leave
↘8. Where are the photos
↘9.Who are you calling
↘10. Which one did you select
↗11.Can I borrow your pen
↘12. Where’s your pen
↗13.Did you go to the theater
↘14. How was the theater
↘15.What did you do for the holiday
↗16.Did you go fishing
↘17.Because I wanted to give you the fish.
↘18.The New Year is nearly here.
↘19.Pick three cards.
↘20.What a day!
↘21.It means you can’t litter here.
↗22.Can you keep the kitchen clean, Liu Tao
↘23.We should plant more trees to keep the city clean.
↘24.What makes your school so beautiful
↗25.Did you go to Beijing by train last weekend
Do you throw rubbish on the floor ↗
No, I don’t!↘
I put my rubbish in the bin.↘
Can we keep our city clean ↗
Yes, we can!↘
We can put our rubbish in the bin.↘
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