Unit 2 Sports and Fitness Lesson 1 重点单词,短语,语法,句型练习
单词变形
1. n 投球;击球→vt 射击;投篮→ pp 射击;投篮
2. vt 激励→n 激励;鼓舞;给人以灵感的人或物→adj 令人鼓舞
的→adj 感到鼓舞的
3. vt 代替;取代→n 替补的人或物
4. n 渴望→ adj 渴望的;期待的
5. v 聚集;聚合→n 聚会;集会
6. n 包,包裹→ v 把……包起来 → n 快递,包裹
7. adj 尖的;锋利的;敏锐的;严厉的→ adv 严厉地;毫不客气地
→ n 清晰度,锐利度,锐度,鲜明度
_____________
8. n 力量;活力→ adj 精力充沛的,充满活力的;积极的
9. n 人群→ vt 拥挤→ adj 拥挤的
10. vt 赢得;博得→n 收入;所赚的钱
_____________
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1 .Lucy’s (defeat) in running for head of the department, which most colleagues had not expected, made
her parents very upset.
2 .Everyone (inspire) when hearing the account by an elderly gentleman that he passed the College
Entrance Examination in his seventies.
3 .I can guarantee you the quality of our digital camera. Should there be any problem, you can contact us and ask
to (replacement)it.
4 .Each of us has the ability to put our unique human potential into action and to acquire a (desire)
result.
5 .When the plane (crash), there were more than 80 passengers on board and no one survived.
6.I need a cell to keep in touch with my friends and family, and almost all the information can (gather) on
the Internet.
7 .One Friday, we (pack) to leave for a weekend away when my daughter heard cries for help.
8 .Meanwhile, the number of people, who have access to their own cars, has increased (sharp)in recent
years.
9 .My neighbor is as (energy) as a young man and dislikes sitting around doing nothing all day.
10 .Make way for the Lord Mayor, for the traffic is too (crowd).
11 .Stop fooling around; somebody might get (hurt).
12 .Li Yifeng, a famous movie star, said that he was upset to hear that the NBA star Kobe Bryant would retire at
the end the season.
13 .Don't leave any necessary information on your application.
14 .What bothers me most is that he seems show no interest in his work.
15 .I must admit that I have a preference for the novels (write) by Dickens.
16 .I couldn’t believe it if it was not seen my own eyes.
17 .We really need your opinion this, because if we fail to attract you to our shows, then we all lose!
18 .The personal computer became popular the turn of the century.
19 .David has gone through an interesting experience of his own his return journey.
20 .Mary (arrive) at Susan’s house a little before 9:00 p.m., and she is talking with the host now.
21 .She (study) at the library for her final examination in French while I was sleeping at home.
22 .When I (walk) into the busy office, the secretary (talk) on the phone with a customer. 23 .The firemen (save) the old woman who was trapped on the third floor of the burning building.
24 .The Titanic (cross) the Atlantic when it (strike) an iceberg.
25 .She drew her (inspire) from her childhood experiences, which influenced her a lot.
26.His resignation (辞职) was totally unexpected and, as a result, no plans have been made for his (replace).
27 .Although the Chinese team (defeat) by a South Korea’ team in the final match of 2020 League of
Legends World Championship, it showed strong competitiveness and potential.
28 .Do you remember the mountainous village has a small river in the east
29 .I can still remember the teacher and his lessons give me a most lasting impression.
30 .I lent some money to Tom, house was destroyed in the flood.
二、根据汉语意思填写单词
31 .No difficulty can (打败) this brave man because he is so confident and wise.
32 .Both the Tang Dynasty poets drew their (灵感) from the countryside.
33 .You should not criticize your son so (严厉地) in the teacher’s face.
34 .With the information you have (收集),we can improve our project.
35 .Guests at this hotel can use the gym at no (额外的) cost.
36 .A large (人群) was waiting at the bus stop.
37 .He works hard, but he does not (赚/挣) much money.
38 .He looked up at his father, his features overflowing with (活力) and delight.
39 .Unless some (另外的) money is found, the theatre will close.
40 .You should not criticize so (严厉地) in his face.
三、汉译英(整句)
41 .作为一名志愿者,她赢得了人们的掌声,她的努力得到了回报。 (payoff)
42 .他在纽约花了很多时间试演各种不同的角色。 (try out for...)
43 .事实上,那家伙一直都想成为冠军。 (have a strong desire to do)
44 .你已经到了可以谋生的年龄了。 (earn a living)
45 .我们爬山的时候,他跟不上我。 (keep up with)
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the field of sports there are some famous living legends, such as Lang Ping, and Michael Jordan.
As a player, Lang Ping brought not only honour but also glory to 46 (she) country. As 47 coach, she led the China Women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships as well as the Olympic Games. As a person, she is 48 (love) by fans at home and abroad. Before the 2015 World Cup, she 49 (face) a great challenge — two important 50 (player) had to leave because of health problems.
However, Lang Ping didn’t lose heart and she led her volleyball team 51 (win) the championship.
Known as “Air Jordan”, Michael Jordan changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. Jordan’s
skills were impressive but the mental strength 52 (make) him unique. The secret to his success is
learning 53 his failures. In life, Jordan has learnt to share his 54 (succeed) with others. The
Boys and Girls Club 55 he started in Chicago has been helping young people since 1996.
参考答案:
1.shot, shoot, shot 2.inspire, inspiration, inspiring, inspired 3.replace, replacement 4.desire, desirable
5.gather, gathering 6.pack, pack, package 7.sharp, sharply, sharpness 8.energy, energetic
9.crowd, crowd, crowded 10.earn, earnings
1 .being defeated
【详解】考查动名词的被动形式。句意:Lucy 在竞选部门主管时落选了,这是大部分同事没有料到的,这 也使她的父母非常难过。分析该句结构可知, 空格处在主句中作主语, 且 Lucy 和动词 defeat 之间是被动关
系, 故用动名词的被动形式。故填 being defeated。
2 .was inspired
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:当听到一位七十多岁的老人说他通过了大学入学考试时,大家都受到激 励。空处为谓语动词,根据 passed 可知是过去的事实,要用一般过去时,又由于 inspire 与主语 Everyone
是被动关系,要用一般过去时的被动语态。故填 was inspired。
3 .replace
【详解】考查动词。句意:我能保证我们数码相机的质量,如果有任何问题,你可以联系我们要求更换。 分析句子结构可知, 此处为“ask to do sth.”为固定搭配, 所以此处为动词原形, replacement 的动词为 replace
且表示主动意义。故填 replace。
4 .desired
【详解】考查形容词。句意:我们每个人都有能力将自己独特的潜能付诸行动,并获得理想的结果。修饰
后文名词 result,应用形容词 desired,作定语。故填 desired。
5 .crashed
【详解】考查时态。句意:飞机坠毁时, 机上有 80 多名乘客,无人生还。根据“there were more than 80 passengers
on board and no one survived. ”可知,从句为一般过去时。结合所给出的词,故填 crashed。
6 .be gathered
【详解】考查被动语态。句意:我需要一个手机来和我的朋友和家人保持联系,几乎所有的信息都可以在 互联网上收集。信息是被收集,空格处用被动语态, can 是情态动词,因此空格处是 be gathered。故填 be
gathered。
7 .were packing
【详解】考查时态。句意:一个周五,我们当时正在打包准备去过周末,突然我的女儿听到有人喊救命。 根据 One Friday 和 从句中 heard 可知空格处是过去时态,根据句意可知是当时正在进行的动作,要用过 去进行时, was/were doing...when...是固定句型,意为“过去正在做某事,这时突然......”,主语是复数, be
动词用 were 。故填 were packing。
8 .sharply
【详解】考查副词。句意:与此同时,拥有自己汽车的人数近年来急剧增加。分析可知,此处应用副词作
状语,修饰动词 increase。故填 sharply。
9 .energetic
【详解】考查形容词。句意:我的邻居精力充沛得像个年轻人,他不喜欢整天无所事事。 结合句意和提 示词可知,应填入形容词 energetic,意为“精力充沛的” ,作表语,表示主语 My neighbor 的状态和特点,
同时它也在 as...as... 同级比较结构中表示比较的内容。故填 energetic。
10 .crowded
【详解】考查形容词。句意:给市长大人让路,因为交通太拥挤了。根据空格前“is too”可知,空格处应填
形容词作表语, crowd 的形容词形式为 crowded。故填 crowded。
11 .hurt
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:别胡闹了;有人可能会受伤。 get 后常接过去分词作表语, get hurt“受
伤” 。故填 hurt。
12 .of
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:著名的电影明星李易峰说,当他听到 NBA 球星科比 ·布莱恩特将在本赛季 结束后退役的消息时,感到很沮丧。分析句子结构, at the end of 为固定搭配,含义为:在……末尾,故填
of。
13 .out
【详解】考查动词短语。句意:在你的申请书上不要遗漏任何必要的信息。 leave out 为固定搭配,意为“排
除,遗漏” 。故填 out。
14 .to
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:最让我烦恼的是他似乎对他的工作不感兴趣。 seem to do 为固定搭配,意
为“似乎” ,符合语境。故填 to。
15 .written
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我不得不承认我偏爱 Dickens 写的小说。分析可知,此处应用非谓语动
词作后置定语,修饰名词 novels,它们之间为逻辑被动关系,应用过去分词。故填 written。
16 .with
【详解】考查介词。句意:如果不是亲眼所见,我简直不敢相信。表示“亲眼所见”短语为 with one's own
eyes。故填 with。
17 .on
【详解】考查介词。句意:对此我们真的需要你的意见,因为如果我们不能吸引你看我们的节目,那我们
就失败了!表达“对于…… 的意见”用 opinion on。故填 on。
18 .at
【详解】考查介词。句意:个人电脑在世纪之交开始流行起来。 at the turn of the century“在世纪之交”是固
定表达。故填 at。
19 .on
【详解】考查介词。句意:大卫在回程中经历了一段有趣的经历。结合句意表达“在 ……旅途”用介词 on。
故填 on。
20 .arrived
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:玛丽在晚上快到 9 点的时候到了苏珊家,现在她正在和主人谈话。结合语
境可知,句子描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。故填 arrived。
21 .was studying
【详解】考查时态。句意:我正在家里睡觉时,而她正在图书馆学习准备法语期末考试。根据句中时态并
结合句意可知,表示过去正在做某事,用过去进行时。根据句意,故填 was studying。
22 . walked was talking
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:当我走进繁忙的办公室时,秘书正在和一位客户打电话。根据句意 可知, 第一空时态用一般过去时, 表示过去的事情, 第二空时态用过去进行时, 表示过去的某个时间点正
在进行的动作,因此第一空是过去式 walked,主语 secretary 是单数,因此第二空是was talking。故填
walked ,was talking。
23 .saved
【详解】考查时态。句意:消防员救了被困在燃烧的大楼三楼的老妇人。空处为主句谓语动词,结合句意
和从句谓语动词 was trapped 判断主句应用一般过去时。故填 saved。
24 . was crossing struck
【详解】考查时态。句意:泰坦尼克号正在横渡大西洋,这时撞上了冰山。句子表示“正在做某事,这时 突然 ……”是固定句型 be doing...when...,句子描述过去的事情, 因此 be doing 部分用过去进行时, when 引 导的句子用一般过去时,主语 Titanic 专有名词,因此第一空是was crossing,第二空是过去式 struck,故
填 was crossing ,struck。
25 .inspiration
【详解】考查名词。句意:她从她的童年经历中得到了灵感,她的童年经历对她影响很大。根据“her”及句 意可知此处应用名词,inspire 作动词,表示“鼓舞,激发” ,名词是 inspiration 表示“灵感” 时是不可数名词。
故填 inspiration。
26 .replacement
【详解】考查名词。句意:他的辞职完全出乎意料,因此还没有安排他的接替者。根据“his”可知,空处需
填名词, replace 作动词,表示“ 替代” ,名词 replacement 表示“接替的人(或物) ”符合句意。故填
replacement。
27 .was defeated
【详解】考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:虽然在 2020 年英雄联盟全球总决赛中这支中国队伍输给了 韩国队,但它展现出了强大的竞争力和潜力。根据 by 和语境可知, 此处应用被动语态;根据主句中的 showed
可知,从句也应用一般过去时。从句主语 the Chinese team 是第三人称单数形式,故填 was defeated。
28 .which/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:你还记得东边有一条小河的那个山村吗?分析句子结构可知设空处引导定 语从句,定语从句修饰先行词 the mountainous village,关系词在定语从句中作主语,指物,故应用关系代
词 which 或 that。故填 which 或 that。
29 .that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我仍然记得老师和他的课, 给了我最持久的印象。在定语从句中缺少主语,
且先行词为“the teacher and his lessons”,既有人又有物,所以应用关系代词 that。故填 that。
30 .whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我借给了汤姆一些钱,他的房子在洪水中被毁了。分析句子结构可知,设
空处应为关系词,引导定语从句,修饰先行词“Tom”,关系词在从句中作定语,故应为关系代词 whose。
故填 whose。
31 .defeat
【详解】考查动词。句意:没有任何困难可以打败这个勇敢的人,因为他是如此的自信和聪明。分析句子 结构可知,情态动词后应为动词原形,根据提示的汉语,表示“打败”应为 defeat,且与句子主语为主动关
系。故填 defeat。
32 .inspiration
【详解】考查名词。句意:这两位唐代诗人的灵感都来自乡村。根据汉意提示以及空前的动词可知,空处
应为不可数名词 inspiration 作宾语。故填 inspiration。
33 .sharply
【详解】考查副词。句意:你不应该当着老师的面这么严厉地批评你儿子。根据汉意提示以及空前的动词
“criticize”可知,空处应为副词 sharply 修饰动词。故填 sharply。
34 .gathered/collected
【详解】考查动词。句意:有了你收集的信息,我们可以改进我们的项目。根据汉意提示以及空前的现在
完成时标志词“have”可知,空处应为动词 gather/collect,且用过去分词形式。故填 gathered/collected。
35 .extra
【详解】考查形容词。句意:这家旅馆的客人可以免费使用健身房。 “额外的”为 extra ,作定语。故填
extra。
36 .crowd
【详解】考查名词。句意: 一大群人在公共汽车站等着。 “人群”是 crowd,空前有 A,空格处用单数,故
填 crowd。
37 .earn
【详解】考查动词。句意:他工作很努力,但挣的钱不多。分析句子,设空处置于助动词 does not之后故
使用动词原形。表示“赚,挣”用 earn 。故填 earn。
38 .energy
【详解】考查名词。句意:他抬头看着父亲, 脸上洋溢着活力和喜悦。表示“活力”应用名词 energy 作宾语,
为不可数名词。故填 energy。
39 .extra
【详解】考查形容词。句意:除非找到额外的钱,否则剧院就要关门了。形容词修饰名词,作定语。故填
extra。
40 .sharply
【详解】考查副词。句意:你不应该当面这么严厉地批评他。分析句子结构并根据汉语提示可知,空处可
使用副词 sharply(严厉地)作状语修饰动词 criticize(批评)。故填 sharply。
41 .As a volunteer, she earned claps from the crowds and her efforts paid off.
【详解】考查名词、动词和短语。根据句意可知为一般过去时态。作为一名志愿者应翻译为“as a
volunteer”,句首首字母大写,人们应翻译为“crowds”,赢得掌声应为“earned claps”,她的努力应为“her efforts”,回报应为“paid off”。故翻译为 As a volunteer, she earned claps from the crowds and her efforts paid
off。
42 .He spent much time in New York trying out for various parts.
【详解】考查非谓语动词。分子句子结构,这是一个含有非谓语动词作状语的复合句。表示“花费时间做 某事”含义的动词短语为:spend time in doing;表示“纽约”含义的词为:New York;表示“试演”含义的动词 短语为: try out for... ;表示“各种不同的角色”含义的词为: various parts,分析句子结构,动词短语 try out
for...在句子中作宾语,应使用动名词,故翻译为: He spent much time in New York trying out for various
parts。
43 .Actually, that guy has a strong desire to be a champion all the time.
【详解】考查副词、时态和短语。 “事实上”是副词,修饰句子,用 actually 作状语,句子陈述的是一般事
实, 故用一般现在时;主语是“那家伙”译为 that guy,第三人称单数, 故谓语动词用第三人称单数 has 。“想
成为”是动词短语 have a strong desire to do , “冠军”是宾语 a champion ,“一直”all the time,故翻译为
Actually, that guy has a strong desire to be a champion all the time.
44 .You are old enough to earn a living.
【详解】考查固定用法。 “你”译为 you;“年龄足够大可以做 ……”为固定用法 be+adj.+enough+to do sth. , 本句为客观描述,且主语为 you,所以 be 动词用一般现在时,用复数,为 are ;“谋生”译为 earn a living。
故翻译为 You are old enough to earn a living。
45 .He could not keep up with me when we climbed the mountain.
【详解】考查动词时态、动词短语和状语从句。描述过去的事情用一般过去时, “我们爬山的时候”是时间 状语从句表示为 when we climbed the mountain.“跟上”是短语 keep up with,“他跟不上我”表示为 he could not
keep up with me ,故翻译为 He could not keep up with me when we climbed the mountain.
46 .her 47 .a 48 .loved 49 .faced 50 .players 51 .to win 52 .made 53 .from
54 .success 55 .that/which
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了体育领域的两位著名的传奇人物—— 郎平和迈克尔 · 乔丹。
46 .考查代词。句意:作为一名运动员,郎平不仅给她的国家带来了荣誉,也带来了荣耀。设空处应为形
容词物主代词修饰名词。故填 her。
47 .考查冠词。句意:作为教练,她带领中国女排在世界锦标赛和奥运会上获得奖牌。设空处修饰名词,
应为不定冠词表示泛指,且空后词为辅音音素开头。故填 a。
48 .考查非谓语动词。句意:作为一个人,她受到国内外粉丝的喜爱。照应主语“she”,应为被动语态:be+
过去分词。故填 loved。
49 .考查谓语动词。句意:在 2015 年世界杯之前,她面临着一个巨大的挑战——两名重要的球员因为健
康问题不得不离开。根据时间状语“Before the 2015 World Cup”,应为一般过去时。故填 faced。
50 .考查名词。句意:在 2015 年世界杯之前,她面临着一个巨大的挑战——两名重要的球员因为健康问
题不得不离开。根据空前基数词“two”,应为可数名词复数。故填 players。
51 .考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,郎平并没有失去信心,她带领她的排球队赢得了冠军。固定搭配 lead
sb to do sth“带领某人做某事” 。其中不定式为宾语补足语。故填 to win。
52 .考查谓语动词。句意:乔丹的技术令人印象深刻,但精神力量使他独一无二。分析句子成分可知,空 处应为谓语动词。且照应第一分句谓语动词“were impressive”的时态可知,应为一般过去时。故填 made。
53 .考查介词。句意:他成功的秘诀是从失败中吸取教训。固定搭配 learn from“从…… 中学习” 。故填
from。
54 .考查名词。句意:在生活中,乔丹学会了与他人分享他的成功。根据空前动词“share”可知,应为名词
作宾语,且为不可数名词。故填 success。
55 .考查定语从句。句意:在芝加哥创办的男孩女孩俱乐部自 1996 年以来一直在帮助年轻人。分析句子 成分可知,空处应为引导定语从句的关系代词,指代先行词“The Boys and Girls Club”,为物,且在从句中
充当宾语。故填 that/which。