重庆大学版必修5Unit 4 The Planet We Live on grammar（共37张PPT）

课件37张PPT。Unit 5 Grammar
Structures with Participles语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语言规则和语法规律。Have A L k Her eyes filled with tears, she did not notice his coming.
So many people being absent, the meeting had to be put off.
He lay on the bed with the bedroom door shut.4) A little boy with a tooth missing ran into the house.
5) With him taken care of, we felt quite relieved.
6) There having been no rain, the crops withered.
7) It being difficult for me to fulfill the task, I decided to give up.
to test your sense of observation
to test your ability of short-term memory
to test your ability to highlight the language pointsGuessing GameFill in the blanks. Her eyes _____(fill) with tears, she did not notice his coming.
So many people ____________(be absent), the meeting had to be put off.
He lay on the bed with the bedroom door _____(shut).filledbeing absentshut4) A little boy with a tooth ________(miss) ran into the house.
5) With him _____(take) care of, we felt quite relieved.
6) There ____________(have been) no rain, the crops withered.
7) It _____(be) difficult for me to fulfill the task, I decided to give up.
beinghaving beentakenmissingPractise1.________no bus, we had to walk home.
ATherebeing ?? B.Being??? C.Having been?????? D.There was
2._______Sunday, the library doesn't open. A. Being B. There being C. It being D. Having been 3._________, the train started.A. The signal given
B. Giving the signal
C. The signal being given
D. The signal giving4.The boy followed the nobleman here ___________.A. with a sword in his hand
B. with a sword in hand
C. with a sword being in hand
D. a sword being in hand5.He left the office, __________.
A. tears being in eyes
B. tears in his eyes
C. being tears in eyes
D. with tears being in eyes
6. _____, we decided to go for an outing.
weather permitting
B. The weather being so fine
C. Had weather permitted
D. If the weather is clear以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，下面就让我们根据
之前练习的考察情
况进一步选择讲解
该语法项的重难点。1. 构成:
独立主格结构由名词或代词加上其他成分(分词,不定式,名词,代词,形容词,副词或介词短语)构成,在语法上是一个独立的短语,不是句子,在意思上依附于整个句子。构成如下:Grammarthe Nominative Absolute Construction (独立主格结构)(1) 名词(代词)+现在分词,过去分词
(2) 名词(代词)+形容词
(3) 名词(代词)+副词
(4) 名词(代词)+不定式
(5) 名词(代词)+介词短语2. 独立主格结构的特点:
独立主格结构的作用相当于状语从句,可表示 时间,原因,条件,行为方式或伴随情况;
e.g.1). The test finished, we began our holiday.
=When the test was finished, we began our holiday.
(2) 独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句中的语法主语不同,不指同一个人或同一事物;
He came into the room, his ears red with
cold.
(3) 名词或代词与后面的分词, 形容词,副词,不定式,介词等是主谓关系;
Weather permitting, we are going to visit
you tomorrow.
（4）过去分词表示被动，逻辑主语承
受动作；分词的完成式表示的动作
在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发
生。
The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
3. with 的复合结构作独立主格
表伴随时, 既可用分词的独立结构, 也可用with 的复合结构。其结构如下:
(1) with +名词/代词宾格+介词短语The teacher entered the classroom, with a book in his hand.(2) with +名词/代词宾格+分词The classroom is very bright with all the lights turned on.(3) with +名词/代词宾格+不定式I can’t go out, with a lot of work to do.There being nothing else to do, we went home.
没有别的事可做，我们就回家了。
There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed.
没有再要讨论的事了，我宣布散会。 4. There being +名词（代词）It being Christmas, the government offices were closed.
由于圣诞节的缘故，政府机关都休息。
It being a holiday, all the shops were shut.
由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。 5. It being +名词（代词）6. 独立主格结构的句法功能
(1) 作时间状语
The meeting over, they left the hall.
(2) 作原因状语
My watch having been lost, I didn’t know what time it was.(3) 作条件状语
Time permitting, I shall go to the cinema with you.
(4) 描述伴随行为或补充说明
Mary entered the room, with a big apple in her hand.
He stood there, with his hands in his pockets. 注：另附word文档，点此链接Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, on you feet.
(2011 北京）
to keep
B. keeping
C. having kept
D. to have kept实战高考2.____ I attended the meeting instead of
him last Monday.(2011 江苏）
A. He was ill B. His being ill
C. Him being ill D. He being ill3. _____ tomorrow, I couldn’t go to
the cinema tonight.（2010 上海）A. The exam to be held
B. The exam will hold
C. The exam holds
D. The exam holdingA. All things be considered
B. All things considered
C. All things having considering
D. All things considering 4. ______, her paper is of greater
value than yours.（2009 辽宁）5. The decision ____, the next problem was how to make a good plan. (2009 杭州)
having made B. having been making
C. having been made D. been made6. ____ no homework left, the pupils could do whatever they liked. （2009 重庆）
A. There being B. There had
C. There to be D. There having 7. The teacher walked into the
classroom ____.（2009 河南）
A. with a book in hand
B. hand with a book
C. being with a book in hand
D. to have a book in hand8. One learns a language by making mistakes and ______ them. (2012 北京)
corrects B. correct
C.to correct D. correcting
9. The party will be held in the garden, weather . (2012 全国)
A. permitting B. to permit
C. permitted D. permit10. Tony lent me the money, ___ that I’d do as much for him. (2012 全国)
hoping B. to hope
C. hoped D. having hoped
11. China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from ______in the South China Sea. (2012 福建)
attacking B. having attacked
C. being attacked
D. having been attacked12. Pressed from his parents，and _____that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games. (2012 福建)
A. realizing B. realized C. to realize D. being realized
13. The lecture, at 7:00 pm last night,was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes. (2012 湖南)
starting B. being started
C. to start D. to be started用独立主格结构完成句子（每空一词）。1. 听到这个消息，她一句话也没说，生气地走了。
Hearing this news, she went angrily away, _______ ___ ______ _________.
2. 由这个男孩带路，我们毫无困难地到达了火车站。
_______ _____ ______ ________ the way, we had no difficulty in getting to the railway station.withoutawordspokenWiththeboyleading3. 从各方面考虑，他是这项工作的合适人选。
_____ ______ ___________, he is the right person for the job.
4. 她是我的好朋友，我应该帮助她的。
________ _________ my close friend, I should help her.
5. 最后一班公车已经走了，我们必须走路回家。
The last bus _______ ________ , we had to walk home. AllthingsconsideredShebeinghavinggoneReview独立主格结构的作用相当于________,可表示 时间,原因,条件,行为方式或伴随情况。
2. 独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在;独立主格的主语与后面的分词, 形容词,副词,不定式,介词等是_________。状语从句主谓关系HomeworkDo exercise 1---3 on P51Thank you!