人教版（2019） 选择性必修 第三册 UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE课件(共65张PPT)

(共65张PPT)
选择性必修第三册
UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
(主题语境：人与自我——品行与态度)
Ⅰ.立体巧记单词
A．识记法填空
1．________ adj.严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的
2．______ n．工资
3．________(＝vigor) n．精力；力量；活力
4．______ vi.(sank/sunk，sunk)沉没；下沉；下降 vt.使下沉；使沉没
5．_________ vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃；遗弃
bitter　
wage　
vigour　
sink　
abandon　
6．_________ n．毯子
7．___________ adj.痛苦的；令人难受的
8．___________________ adj.脾气好的/坏的
9．_________ adj.真正的；真诚的；可信赖的
10．___________ n．家具
11．__________ adj.深入的；彻底的；细致的
12．______ vi.& n．(狗)吠叫；吠叫声；厉声质问
blanket　
miserable　
good/bad-tempered　
genuine　
furniture　
thorough　
bark　
13．_____ n．球拍；蝙蝠 vi.& vt.用球板击球；挥打；拍打
14．______ adj.潮湿的；湿气重的
15．____________ n．娱乐；消遣；游戏
16．________ n．侄子；外甥
17．_______ adj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的
18．_______ n．发动机；马达 adj.有引擎的；机动车的
19．___________ n．候选人；应试者
bat　
damp　
recreation　
nephew　
rough　
motor　
candidate　
20．adversity n．______________
21．expedition n．______________________
22．endurance n．__________________
23．cupboard n．____________________
24．steward n．__________________________________________
25．crush vt.____________________ n．______________
26．stove n．__________________
27．banjo n．__________________
28．voyage n．& vi. __________________
困境；逆境
探险；远征；探险队
忍耐力；耐久力
橱柜；壁橱；衣柜
(轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员；服务员
毁坏；压坏；压碎
拥挤的人群
炉具；厨房灶具
班卓琴(乐器)
航海；航行
29．navy n．__________________
30．decent adj.______________________________
31．cosy adj.__________________
32．crew n._________________________________________________
33．rugby n．______________
34．corporate adj.__________________________
35．navigator n．______________________________________
36．episode n．____________________________________________
37．motive n．____________________
海军；海军部队
相当不错的；正派的；得体的
温馨的；舒适的
(轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人
橄榄球运动
公司的；法人的；社团的
领航员；(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者
(人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲
动机；原因；目的
B．构词法拓展
1．___________ adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→_________ v．(使)具有资格；(使)合格→_______________ n．资格；资历；资格证书
2．______________ adj.热情的；热心的→__________________ adv.热情地→____________ n．热情；热忱
3．________ adv.& prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)→_______ v．上船(或火车、飞机、公共汽车等)；寄宿 n．木板；董事会；伙食
qualified
qualify
qualification
enthusiastic
enthusiastically
enthusiasm
aboard
board
4．_______ vt.分派；布置；分配→____________ n．任务；作业；分配
5．______ n．& vt.羡慕；妒忌→_________ adj.嫉妒的；羡慕的
6．___________ n．[pl.]财物；动产→________ vi.属于；应在(某处)
7．_________ adj.自私的→__________ adv.自私地→_____________ n．自私
8．_____________ n．毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神→___________ vi.坚持；孜孜以求
assign
assignment
envy
envious
belongings
belong
selfish
selfishly
selfishness
perseverance
persevere
9．_________ vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念→____________ n．决议；解决；坚定；决心
10．_______ adj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→_________ adv.残忍地；残酷地→_________ n．残忍；残酷
11．_______________ adv.不幸地；遗憾地→_____________(反) adv.幸运地→_________ n．运气；财产
12．__________ n．指导；引导；导航→_______ n．导游；指南 vt.带领；引导；为……领路
resolve
resolution
cruel
cruelly
cruelty
unfortunately
fortunately
fortune
guidance
guide
13．_____________ n．广告活动；广告业→___________ vt.& vi.公布；宣传；做广告→_______________ n．广告；宣传
14．_______ adj.忠诚的；忠实的→_________ n．忠诚；忠实
15．____________ n．承诺；保证；奉献→________ vt.犯(错误、罪行等) vi.& vt.(使)承担义务；(使)作出保证→___________ adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的
advertising
advertise
advertisement
loyal
loyalty
commitment
commit
committed
C．应用法塑能
1．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary help during our spring break，for which I had no plans beyond listening to my favorite records.I'd earn minimum ______(工资).
2．(剑桥高阶)Wrap up warmly—it's ________(严寒的) outside.
3．(2020·江苏卷)LoveFone，a company that advocates repairing cellphones rather than ____________(舍弃) them，opened a mini workshop in a London phone box in 2016.
wage
bitter
abandoning
4．(朗文当代)The reforms are motivated by a _________(真正的) concern for the disabled.
5．(剑桥高阶)He showed great ____________(坚定) in facing the robbers.
6．(剑桥高阶)They did a __________(深入的) search of the area but found nothing.
7．(柯林斯词典)The rest of the apartment had _____________(幸运地) remained unaltered since that time.
genuine
resolution
thorough
fortunately
8．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)My husband stopped fishing to start the _______ (发动机).
9．(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)Readers are encouraged to continue exploring the digital world with the _________(指导) of our Further Resources section featured in each volume.
10．(2022·浙江1月卷)On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, _________(rough) 200 academics—many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
motor
guidance
roughly
11．Today I am as _____________ about my job as the first day and my ___________ enables me to treat my job __________________.(enthusiastic)
12．Believe it or not，my husband treated me _________ and his _________ always made me in low spirits.(cruel)
13．Instead of _________ to lose weight，try a practical __________：“I'll stop having dessert for lunch.”(resolve)
14．He __________ himself to working day and night.His ___________ won him a great reputation.(commit)
enthusiastic
enthusiasm
enthusiastically
cruelly
cruelty
resolving
resolution
committed
commitment
15．He ___________ with his violin lessons.It was his ______________ that enabled him to become a distinguished violinist.(persevere)
16．Unfortunately，all his ____________ have been stolen，so nothing _________ to him.(belong)
17．Under the __________ of the qualified _______，we traveled around the places of interest very happily.(guide)
18．He __________ me to the difficult ____________，so I couldn't waste any time.(assign)
persevered
perseverance
belongings
belongs
guidance
guide
assigned
assignment
Ⅱ.语境助记短语
A．写准记牢
1．_______________拒绝(某人)
2．___________生火
3．__________放出(热、光、气味或气体)
4．________________梦想
5．_______________________对……充满热情
turn sb. down　
make fire　
give off　
dream of/about　
be enthusiastic about　
6．____________________陷于
7．_________坚持
8．____________扔掉
9．___________________设法做成某事
10．______________________每况愈下
11．______________使某人振作
12．____________________不受约束地做；自由地做
become/be stuck in　
hold on　
throw away　
manage to do sth.　
go from bad to worse　
cheer sb. up　
be free to do sth.　
B．语境运用
1．(朗文当代)The wood __________ a sweet, profound smell as it burned.
2．(剑桥高阶)I __________ living on a tropic island.
3．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)We _______________ the middle of the lake with a dead motor.
4．(朗文当代)Here's a bit of news that will _______ you ____.
5．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)This time, she ___________ the fire so it cooked nicely.
gave off
dream of
were stuck in
cheer
up
turned down
Ⅲ.仿写速记句式
A．原句译背
1．全部倒装
Below are some of Blackborow's diary entries.
_________________________________________
下面是布莱克博罗的一些日记摘录。
2．before引导的时间状语从句
Before we abandoned the ship，Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies—the small boats，our food，the cook stove，candles，clothes，and blankets.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
在我们弃船之前，沙克尔顿镇定地把我们召集在一起，告诉我们要抢救我们最基本的供给品——小船、食物、炉子、蜡烛、衣服和毯子。　
3．as...as...同级比较
How could I become as selfish and bad-tempered as Thomas Orde-Lees!
__________________________________________________________
我怎么能变得像托马斯·奥德利斯一样自私和脾气暴躁呢！　
4．as long as 只要
It will eventually lead to success as long as you persevere.
___________________________________
5．if引导的虚拟条件句
If it weren't for sea animals，we would all starve.
_____________________________________________
只要你坚持，最终就会成功。
要是没有海上的动物，我们都会饿死的。
B．仿写美句
1．____________________________________ you desire to know.
以下是一些你渴望知道的相关信息。
2．______________________________, I will ask you for your advice.
做最终决定前，我将询问您的建议。
3．We must give flowers ____________________________，which is necessary.
我们必须给花浇足够的水，这是很有必要的。
Below is some relevant information
Before I make a final decision
as much water as they need
4．_______________________________，you are bound to have the most unforgettable experience during your college in Beijing.
只要你采纳我的建议，你一定会在北京上大学期间拥有最难忘的经历。
5．(牛津高阶)_____________________________________________.
如果他提高了自己的信息技术技能，就会容易找到工作。
As long as you take my advice
If he improved his IT skills, he would easily get a job
An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton is an adventure that I ______________________(dream) of. However，_______ I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn't _____________(qualify), so I had no choice but to secretly go aboard his ship, the Endurance. Later I__________________(discover) and Shackleton had to assign me to be _____ steward. The journey wasn't very easy, for the Endurance was stuck in the ice as we approached Antarctica. And when the ship sank, our hearts sank
1.have been dreaming
2.when
3.qualified
4.was discovered
5.a
with it. Before we abandoned the ship, Shackleton __________(calm) told us to rescue our most essential supplies and he ___________(he) threw away all his gold. He allowed Hussey to keep his banjo，________ made us surprised. We had been struggling for days, but things were going from bad to worse. Soon after we arrived at Elephant Island, Shackleton left us to find help. Sometimes we were able to catch a seal or a penguin to eat.I tried to think of ___________(happy) things.I was grateful for Frank and Ernest's genuine concern for others. Their _________________(persevere) and their resolve filled me with hope.
6.calmly
7.himself
8.which
9.happier
10.perseverance
1.turn sb. down拒绝(某人)
turn down关小，调低；拒绝
turn over移交；翻转
turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；结果是，证明是
turn up开大，调高；出现
如果宾语为代词，需要把代词放在turn与down之间。
单句填空夯基
①Liz picked up the blue envelope and turned it ______ curiously.
②The lecturer turned ____ the microphone and began to make a speech.
③Thousands of people turned _____ to watch yesterday's match against Ireland.
④Can you turn the TV ______ please？I'm trying to work.
⑤Not having made full preparations for the interview，he was turned ______.
over
up
out
down
down
写作运用提能
⑥He promised that he would come，but he hasn't ___________ yet.
他承诺会来，但还没出现。
turned up
2.enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的
(1)be enthusiastic about(doing)sth.对(做)某事热情
(2)enthusiasm n．热情；热忱
lack/be full of enthusiasm缺乏/充满热情
with enthusiasm(＝enthusiastically)热情地
单句填空夯基
①He is selfish and bad-tempered.Thus，he will never be enthusiastic _______ helping those in trouble.
②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)“Come on! You can make it! We are proud of you！” they shouted __________________(enthusiastic).
about
enthusiastically
写作运用提能
③________________________________________________________, which makes me qualified for the voluntary work advertised in the newspaper.
我不仅热情而且容易相处，这使得我能胜任报纸上所刊登的志愿者工作。(应用文写作之个人优势)
④(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写)Bernard and John still ____________ ______________________________________ in spite of several failures.
尽管失败了几次，伯纳德和约翰仍然热情地做爆米花。
I am not only enthusiastic but also easy to get along/on with
made popcorn
enthusiastically/with enthusiasm
3.aboard adv.& prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
(1)go aboard上船(飞机、火车等)
(2)board vt.& vi.上船(或火车、飞机、公共汽车等)
n．木板；董事会；伙食
on board在船(火车或飞机)上
(3)broad adj.宽阔的；广阔的
(4)abroad adv.在/到国外；在/到海外
go abroad出国
at home and abroad国内外
写作运用提能
①He is tall __________________________ and a beard and always _________________________.
他身材高大，肩膀宽阔，留着胡子，总是满面笑容。(读后续写之外貌描写)
②____________________________________________________，I'm writing to inform you of some necessary do's and don'ts.
得知你将去国外深造，我写信告知你一些必要的注意事项。(应用文写作之告知信)
with broad shoulders
wears a broad smile
Learning that you will go abroad for further study
③The instant _________________________________________，they were eating，talking and laughing loudly as if they were the only people in the world.(aboard)
→The instant _____________________________________，they were eating，talking and laughing loudly as if they were the only people in the world.(board)
这对年轻夫妇一上船，他们就吃东西、说话、大笑，好像他们是这世界上仅存的人。
the young couple went aboard the ship
the young couple boarded the ship
4.assign vt.分派；布置；分配
(1)assign sb. to do sth.安排/分配某人做某事
assign sth. to sb.把某事安排给某人
be assigned to sb./sth.被指派；被分配给……
(2)assignment n．作业；任务；工作
单句填空夯基
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Daily ____________(assign) not completed during class will get a zero.
②One man was assigned ___________(operate) each section of roughly 10 jackscrews(螺旋起重机).
assignments
to operate
写作运用提能
③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Additionally, from time to time I will ________ _____________ to be completed in class or ____________________ to be completed at home, both of which will be graded.
此外，我还会不时地布置课堂上要完成的小组作业或在家要完成的短作业，这两种作业都会被评分。
assign
group work
short assignments
5.envy n．& vt.羡慕；嫉妒
(1)envy sb.(doing) sth.羡慕/嫉妒某人(做)某事
with envy羡慕地；嫉妒地
green with envy嫉妒地眼红；十分羡慕/嫉妒
out of envy出于忌妒
(2)envious adj.嫉妒的；羡慕的
be envious of羡慕，嫉妒
单句填空夯基
①I am _________(envy) of you，because you are leading such a cosy and decent life.
envious
写作运用提能
②Honestly speaking，I __________________________________ the Excellent Graduate and I should follow your example.
老实说，我真羡慕你获得了优秀毕业生的称号，我应该向你学习。
③Not only is Li Ming quick at learning but also he is good at solving tough problems with logical mind.______________________.
李明不仅学得快，而且善于用逻辑思维解决难题，我十分羡慕。
do envy you getting the title of
I am green with envy
6.abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃 n．放任；放纵
(1)abandon oneself to(doing)sth.沉湎于(做)某事；纵情于(做)某事
abandon doing sth.放弃做某事
(2)abandoned adj.被遗弃的；放纵的
be abandoned to(doing) sth.沉湎于(做)某事
单句填空夯基
①(2022·全国乙卷)The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel ___________(abandon).
②He abandoned ________(ask) for his guidance，which was beyond our expectations.
abandoned
asking
写作运用提能
③I abandoned myself to computer games.I performed extremely badly in the end-of-term examination.
→_____________________________________，I performed extremely badly in the end-of-term examination.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
→_____________________________，I performed extremely badly in the end-of-term examination.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
我沉迷于电脑游戏。期末考试我表现得非常糟糕。
Abandoning myself to computer games
Abandoned to computer games
7.resolve vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念
(1)resolve to do sth.决定做某事
(2)resolution n．决定；解决；决心
单句填空夯基
①The steward made a ____________(resolve) to visit her relatives more often.
②(2022·全国甲卷)It's a conflict that we aren't getting any better at ___________(resolve).
resolution
resolving
写作运用提能
③Cultural relics represent the wisdom of our ancestors，so __________ ___________________________________________________.
文化遗产代表我们祖先的智慧，因此我们国家已经决定不遗余力地保护它们。(话题写作之文化遗产与保护)
④______________________，we should learn to communicate more and put ourselves in others' place.
为了解决冲突，我们应该学会多沟通，设身处地为他人着想。(话题写作之人际沟通)
our country
has resolved to spare no effort to protect them
To resolve conflicts
8.How could I become as selfish and bad-tempered as Thomas Orde-Lees!
我怎么能变得像托马斯·奥德利斯一样自私和脾气暴躁呢！
as...as...意为“和……一样”，表示同级比较。其中第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词或介词。其基本用法为：as＋adj./adv.＋as...，还有如下用法：
·否定式：not as/so＋adj./adv.＋as...
·倍数＋as＋adj./adv.＋as...
·as much/many＋名词＋as...
单句填空夯基
①He is as hard-working ____ me，so he has made as much progress ____ me.
as
as
写作运用提能
②We have devoted __________________________________________, so I am greatly convinced that we will succeed.
我们投入的时间和精力是她以前的两倍，所以我深信我们能成功。
③As far as I am concerned，the book is _________________________ ___________.
在我看来，这本书没有你认为的那么有趣。
twice as much time and energy as she did before
not as/so interesting as you
think
9.If it weren't for sea animals，we would all starve.
要是没有海上的动物，我们都会饿死的。
本句为if引导的虚拟条件句，叙述与现在事实相反的假设。虚拟语气在if虚拟条件句中的运用如下：
·与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去式(be动词一般用were)，主句谓语动词用“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”
·与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”，主句谓语动词用“would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词”
·与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去式、were to do或should do，主句谓语动词用“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”
单句填空夯基
①If my brother were here，everything __________(be) all right.
②They might have found a better hotel if they ____________(drive) a few more kilometers.
③If it __________________________________(rain) this afternoon，the basketball match would be put off.
would be
had driven
rained/should rain/ were to rain
写作运用提能
④I feel honored to be invited here to deliver a speech.Today the topic of my speech is“_____________________”.__________________________ _______________________ with no rubbish lying on the street.
受邀在这里做演讲我倍感荣幸。今天我的演讲主题是“如果我是一名环卫工人”。如果我是一名环卫工人，我会让我们的城市更干净，让街上没有任何垃圾。(应用文写作之演讲稿)
⑤________________________________________________________ the important exam.
如果我早听从你的建议，我就会通过这场重要的考试了。
If I were a dustman
If I were a dustman，I would
make our city cleaner
If I had followed your advice earlier，I would have passed
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练
1．rough
A．adj.汹涌的；风浪很大的　B．adj.崎岖的
C．adj.粗略的　D．adj.艰难的　E．adj.粗鲁的
(1)I can't tolerate sailing in rough sea.___
(2)According to a rough estimate，about fifty seals starve to death annually.___
A
C
(3)I don't know how to release the pressure in such a rough time.___
(4)The ice on the rough road has melted and it is safe to drive on it now.
___
(5)He is such a rough child that he doesn't behave himself.___
D
B
E
2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)To my sadness，my son was abandoned to smoking and drinking.
__________
(2)She was sincere and genuine in her wish to make up for her former mistakes.__________
(3)(2022·全国乙卷)They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning.____________________
沉湎于
真诚的
厚层；厚的覆盖层
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．(2022·全国Ⅱ卷)The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise _______ the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week.
2．(剑桥高阶)What made you think that you are qualified _____ the job
3．(剑桥高阶)Seven of us were stuck ____ the lift for over an hour.
4．My heart ___________(sink) when I was informed that my moderate reforms ended up in failure.
under
for
in
sank/sunk
5．Riding bicycles benefits the environmental conservation because they won't give _____ waste gas.
6．The enterprises have ____________(thorough) implemented what they have promised to the public.
7．(牛津高阶)She preserved ____ her efforts to win the championship.
8．_____________(fortunate)，I succeeded in seizing this precious chance to be a volunteer in the activity.
9．(牛津高阶)He tried to join the army but was turned ______ because of poor health.
10．(牛津高阶)The two large classrooms have been assigned ____ us.
off
thoroughly
in
Fortunately
down
to
Ⅲ.句篇写作增分
话题写作之人际交往
1．__________________________________________________
以下是我最近一直在经历的事情。(全部倒装)
2．_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
我一直和我的同学相处得不好，我不知道如何和他们一样热情地交流。(as...as)
Below is what I have been experiencing recently.
　 I have been getting on/along badly with my classmates and I don't know how to communicate as enthusiastically as they do.　
3．___________________________________________________
在我的老师帮助我之前，我一直茫然失措。(before引导的时间状语从句)
4．____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
我亲爱的老师们一直告诉我：“只要你足够自信，抓住每个和别人聊天的机会，你就可以改变这种情况。”(as long as)
　 Before my teachers help me，I have been at a loss.
　 My dear teachers keep telling me，“As long as you are confident enough and grasp every chance to chat with others，you can transform the situation.”　
5．_________________________________________________________________________________________
如果老师们没有帮助我，我就不会和我的同学做朋友。(if引导的虚拟条件句)
　 If the teachers hadn't given me a hand，I wouldn't have made friends with my classmates.　
Ⅳ.主题续写提能
动作描写之 “思考”
词汇积累
动词 remind，picture，imagine，wonder，realize
词块必记
1．focus one's mind on把某人的注意力集中在……
2．get the idea有想法
3．figure out想出；理解
4．change one's mind改变主意
完成句子
1．Somehow I ______________ it would be fun to waken my father by firing it.
不知怎么的，我想到用它来叫醒我父亲会很有趣。
2．I _______________ where he was.I had a new joke to tell him.
我想知道他在哪里。我有个新笑话要告诉他。
3．Then I tried to ____________ what I should do.Follow my friend to the hospital
然后我想知道我该怎么做。跟我朋友去医院？
got the idea
was wondering
figure out
4．At this dark and hopeless moment, ___________________________. It filled his mind with a great，bright light.(名词作主语)
在这黑暗无望的时刻，他想到了一个绝妙的主意。 这让他的脑海中充满了一种伟大而明亮的光芒。
5．Tom ____________________, and was about to agree，but suddenly he __________________.
汤姆想了一会儿，正要同意，但他突然改变了主意。
a wonderful idea came to him
thought for a moment
changed his mind