高考英语（出题规律）必考74母题
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学魁榜
高考英语 必考74母题
本题型清单中包含 74个题型，127道母题，涵盖高考英语全部题型，并且高考英语作文连续多年命
中率在 93%以上。
英语 140分以下的同学，按照此清单学习，可稳步提升！
一、为了有助于不同复习阶段和分数，根据高考试卷命题规律：简单：中档：难档 = 5：3：2的比
例，建议采取以下学习方案：
90分以下：优先学习简单题型，之后再去攻克中档题及难题；
90-120分：优先学习简单题和中档题，之后再去攻克难题；
120分以上：确保中低档题没问题的前提下，攻克难题。
绿色题型：简单题，共 30个题型，57道母题，分值 80分
蓝色题型：中档题，共 33个题型，45道母题，分值 40分
红色题型：难题，共 11个题型，25道母题，分值 30分
二、按章学习，针对不会的题目，先做好标记，之后看清北学霸视频讲解
判断不会的标准：
1. 填空看题 15秒没思路，记为不会；
2. 阅读选择看题 60秒没思路，记为不会；
3. 写作题目有思路，具体内容表达有困难且多为简单句，写作时间过长且存在语法错误，记为不会。
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第一章 听力理解
本模块在高考以听后选择的形式出现，难度总体简单或中档，覆盖分值 30分。
题型 1/74 短对话之主旨要义
例 1/127：
What are the speakers talking about
A. What to drink. B. Where to meet. C. When to leave.
例 2/127：
Why would David quit his job
A. To go back to school.
B. To start his own firm.
C. To work for his friend.
题型 2/74 短对话之时间数字计算
例 3/127：
When does the train leave
A. At 6:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 10:30.
例 4/127：
How much more does David need for the car
A. $ 5,000. B. $20,000. C. $25,000.
题型 3/74 短对话之地点场景
例 5/127：
Where does this conversation take place
A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C. In a museum.
题型 4/74 短对话之人物身份及关系
例 6/127：
What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Colleagues. B. Classmates. C. Strangers.
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题型 5/74 短对话之观点态度
例 7/127：
What does the woman think of her interview
A. It was tough. B. It was interesting. C. It was successful.
题型 6/74 长对话之首尾信息
例 8/127：
What has Kate’s mother decided to do
A. Return to school. B. Change her job. C. Retire from work.
例 9/127：
What is Kate’s attitude toward her mother’s decision
A. Disapproving. B. Ambiguous. C. Understanding.
题型 7/74 长对话之直接信息
例 10/127：
How long did James run his business
A. 10 years. B. 13 years. C. 15 years.
例 11/127：
What did Kate’s mother study at college
A. Oil painting. B. Art history. C. Business administration.
题型 8/74 长对话之间接信息
例 12/127：
(1) What does the woman like about the carpet
A. Its color. B. Its design. C. Its quality.
(2) What does the man say about the kitchen
A. It’s a good size.
B. It’s newly painted.
C. It’s adequately equipped .
例 13/127：
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Why does the man seldom do exercise
A. He lacks motivation.
B. He has a heart problem.
C. He works all the time.
题型 9/74 独白之应用文
例 14/127：
(1) What are the tourists advised to do when touring London
A. Take their tour schedule.
B. Watch out for the traffic.
C. Wear comfortable shoes.
(2) What will the tourists do in fifteen minutes
A. Meet the speaker.
B. Go to their rooms.
C. Change some money.
(3) Where probably is the speaker
A. In a park. B. In a hotel. C. In a shopping center.
题型 10/74 独白之人物介绍
例 15/127：
(1) What did John enjoy doing in his childhood
A. Touring France. B. Playing outdoors. C. Painting pictures.
(2) What did John do after he moved to the US
A. He did business. B. He studied biology. C. He worked on a farm.
(3) Why did John go hunting
A. For food. B. For pleasure. C. For money.
(4) What is the subject of John’s works
A. American birds. B. Natural scenery. C. Family life.
题型 11/74 独白之演说类
例 16/127：
(1) Who is the speaker probably talking to
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A. Movie fans. B. News reporters. C. College students.
(2) When did the speaker take English classes
A. Before he left his hometown.
B. After he came to America.
C. When he was 15 years old.
(3) How does the speaker feel about his teacher
A. He’s proud. B. He’s sympathetic. C. He’s grateful.
(4) What does the speaker mainly talk about
A. How education shaped his life.
B. How his language skills improved.
C. How he managed his business well.
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第二章 阅读理解
本模块在高考以阅读选择的形式出现，难度总体简单或中档，覆盖分值 37.5分。
题型 12/74 细节理解之数字计算
例 17/127：
Commercial Pilots
Average salary：$67,500 Current workforce: 32,700
Projected job growth,2010—2020: 28%
An average commercial pilot makes $26,000 more than a typical full-time worker and $13,000 more than an average
college-educated worker. It requires only a commercial pilot’s license and training at a local flight school. Times are
changing—many airlines now look for pilots with two-year or four-year degrees—but prospects for salary and growth
remain strong.
The average salary for a typical full-time worker is .
A. $52,440 B. $45,490 C. $67,500 D. $41,500
题型 13/74 细节理解之是非判断
例 18/127：
Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food
poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin
within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms.
Certain microorganisms（微生物）cause most types of food poisoning…
Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning.…
Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people…
Which of the following statements is NOT true
A. Food when poisoned can make people sick.
B. Food poisoning means death.
C. Food poisoning comes in varieties.
D. Food poisoning can be serious.
题型 14/74 细节理解之事实细节
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例 19/127：
Fire Alarms
The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual（手动的）fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull
stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors
and sprinklers. For your safety, never tamper with（胡乱摆弄）these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to
imprisonment.
What do the automatic fire alarm systems include
A. Pipes and smoke detectors. B. Smoke detectors and sprinklers.
C. Fire alarm pull stations and pipes. D. Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations.
题型 15/74 细节理解之间接信息
例 20/127：
Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a
little more protein（ 蛋 白 质 ） , iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in
antioxidants（抗氧化物质）. The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into
vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries（樱桃）, they are so delicious who cares However, they are rich in
vitamin C.
What does the author seem to like about cherries
A. They contain protein. B. They are high in vitamin A.
C. They have a pleasant taste. D. They are rich in antioxidants.
题型 16/74 推理判断之细节信息推断
例 21/127：
We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply
focused on their smart phones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.
What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph
A. Addiction to smart phones.
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B. Inappropriate behaviours in public places.
C. Absence of communication between strangers.
D. Impatience with slow service.
题型 17/74 推理判断之观点态度推断
例 22/127：
The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves
to other parts of the country as well.
What is the author’s attitude towards the Yellowstone wolf project
A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Disapproving. D. Uncaring.
题型 18/74 推理判断之目的意图推断
例 23/127：
Eating too much fatty food exercising too little and smoking can raise your future risk of heart disease. But there is
another factor that can cause your heart problems more immediately: the air you breathe.
The author’s purpose of writing the text is most likely to .
A. inform B. persuade C. describe D. entertain
例 24/127：
Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear. Children know this very well. Fred
Epstein, in his book If I Make It to Five, tells a story he heard from one of friends about Tom, a four-year-old boy with a
cancer in his back bone. He came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination.
… So, let your imagination run wild, and dare to dream.
What is the purpose of the passage
A. To tell us an interesting story. B. To help us make right decisions.
C. To advise us to care about children. D. To encourage us to use our imagination.
题型 19/74 推理判断之文章出处推断
例 25/127：
Many of us love July because it’s the month when nature’s berries and stone fruits are in abundance. …
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Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a
little more protein（蛋白质）, iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein) …
When combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit
shakes and low fat “ice cream”. …
If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “soft-serve”
creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. …
From which is the text probably taken
A. A biology textbook. B. A health magazine.
C. A research paper. D. A travel brochure.
题型 20/74 定义复述法猜测词义
例 26/127：
And for chocolate snobs, who think that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than others, the Connoisseur Series
uses cocoa beans from Togo, Cuba, Venezuela , and Ghana, among others.
The words “chocolate snobs” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to people who .
A. are particular about chocolate B. know little about cocoa beans
C. look down upon others D. like to try new flavors
题型 21/74 同义近义法猜测词义
例 27/127：
I am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem cell courier. Since March 2012, I’ve done 89 trips-of those, 51 have been abroad. I
have 42 hours to carry stem cells（干细胞）in my little box because I’ve got two ice packs and that’s how long they last. In
all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor（捐献者）to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve
got 72 hours at most. So I am always conscious of time.
Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph1
A. provider B. delivery man C. collector D. medical doctor
题型 22/74 逻辑关系法猜测词义
例 28/127：
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Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but
they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the
Yellowstone area. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around.
What does the underlined word “displaced” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Tested. B. Separated. C. Forced out. D. Tracked down.
题型 23/74 举例说明法猜测词义
例 29/127：
Before birth, babies can tell the difference between loud sounds and voices. They can even distinguish their mother’s
voice from that of a female stranger. But when it comes to embryonic learning（胎教） , birds could rule the roost. As
recently reported in The Auk: Ornithological Advances, some mother birds may teach their young to sing even before they
hatch（孵化）. New-born chicks can then imitate their mom’s call within a few days of entering the world.
The underlined phrase in Paragraph 1 means .
A. be the worst B. be the best C. be just as bad D. be just as good
题型 24/74 识别指代法猜测词义
例 30/127：
We shared the belief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back—he with his
Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute
and the festival. Paul and I didn’t see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. We supported each
other financially and by showing up at events.
What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A. Their belief. B. Their care for children.
C. Their success. D. Their support for each other.
题型 25/74 主旨大意之归纳标题
例 31/127：
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Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he’s an
environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the
road. What is even more interesting is that one of Stein’s jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags.
Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree branches or along
highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts（收银台）. The bags are prohibited in some 90
cities in California, including Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to
make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.
Among the bag makers’ arguments: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily
recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a
small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.
The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. The
stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out. However, longer-lasting reusable
bags often require more energy to make. One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for
the planet than plastic.
Environmentalists don’t dispute（质疑） these points. They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want
shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.
What is the best title for the text
A. Plastic, Paper or Neither
B. Industry, Pollution and Environment
C. Recycle or ThrowAway
D. Garbage Collection and Waste Control
题型 26/74 主旨大意之概括大意
例 32/127：
While learning the science lessons, I used to get a doubt—why ears, nose, tongue and eyes should be called as special
senses The basic reason is that these are the channels through which we maintain contact with the surroundings. Though
apparently it may feel like these are individual sensory organs, they do show some connectivity. Interestingly, our hearing is
less sharp after we eat a heavy food. Isn’t it good for a sound nap after a stomach-full meal That does not mean we go deaf
after a meal, but the hearing pitch（强度）does change after a heavy meal.
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We usually give credit of the taste to our tongue, but do you know that unless saliva（唾液）dissolves something, our
tongue cannot recognize the taste of the food eaten. Taste is nothing but the food chemicals dissolved in the saliva being
sensed by the taste buds present on the tongue. Try to dry off your tongue and mouth with a tissue paper and then taste
something.
Women are much better smellers than men. They are born with this characteristic ability and can correctly pinpoint（准
确说出）the exact fragrance of the sample. We all can store almost 50,000 different scents, which are strongly tied to the
memories.
Pupils（瞳孔）do not respond to light alone, but to the slightest bit of noise around too. Thus surgeons, watchmakers
and those professionals who have to perform a much delicate job do prefer to have a sound-free environment. Even a small
noise can dilate（扩大）their pupils, change the focus and blur（使模糊）their vision. If you do not wear glasses or contact
lens due to having a 6/6 vision, you are just among the one third of the human population. It is now statistically proved that
only one third of the population has perfect vision, rest all are either wearing glasses or are trying to read with a
compromised vision.
Each and every one of us has a particular or individualistic or characteristic smell, which is unique to us, except for the
identical twins. This smell is very subtle（微妙的）yet can be sensed even by a newborn. It may be due to this scent that the
newborn recognizes the presence of his parents around. Many of us can pinpoint the smell of our significant friends and
colleagues. A significant part of this phenomenon is guided by genetics but it is also changed by the environment, diet and
personal hygiene. This all together creates the unique chemistry that is individualistic for each person.
What is the text mainly about
A. The functions of sensory organs.
B. The connectivity of our tongue and ear.
C. A newborn’s senses of the sensory organs.
D. The differences of senses between women and men.
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第三章 七选五阅读
本模块在高考以阅读选择的形式出现，难度总体中难档，覆盖分值 12.5分。
题型 27/74 结构衔接之标题结构
例 33/127：
The basic function of money.
Being explaining the basic function of money…
Money lessons.
Approach money lessons with openness…
.
Begin at the grocery store. Pick out two similar brands of a product-a name brand butter and a generic(无商标产品),
for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save
money.
A. Wise decisions.
B. The value of money.
题型 28/74 结构衔接之句子结构
例 34/127：
Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the
runs. , buy the best-fitting running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or
feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.
A. After six days
B. For a good marathon runner
C. Before you begin your training
D. With each day, increase the distance by a half mile
E. If they still feel good, you can begin running in them
F. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training
题型 29/74 结构衔接之段落结构
例 35/127：
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Be fun!
Think about the people you most enjoy being with—usually they are always on the up and up. Being
fun makes people happy and brightens the way they think of you. It makes you seem like you truly love life and you can
deal with any problems that you have to face.
C. Classwork is a great icebreaker.
D. Say “hello” and see what happens.
E. And don’t just talk about yourself all the time.
F. Even the shyest person can manage a little smile.
G. We all prefer spending time with people who make us feel happy.
例 36/127：
Be mindful of your “why”.
If I need to clean the floor, but I really don’t like cleaning, then I won’t feel very motivated to do it. However, if I
have a big enough reason to do it — because I’m having some guests to come over, or I love the feeling of having a clean
floor, then that “bigger purpose” can be strong enough to get me to act, even though I don’t enjoy cleaning. If I stay mindful
of why I’m doing it, I can get motivated to do it. .
B. Get help and support when you’re not feeling motivated.
C. So remind yourself of why you’re doing what you’re doing.
D. What kind of self-talk would you use to motivate yourself
E. Let them inspire you to access your own great desire within.
F. You might feel proud, happy, satisfied, or any other emotion.
题型 30/74 词汇衔接之词语复现
例 37/127：
If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there’s a difference between being
a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, we’ll have our trust tested or violated.
A. Learn to really trust yourself.
C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.
D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.
题型 31/74 词汇衔接之反义衔接
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例 38/127：
When we change our jobs or schools, it often leaves us without a friend. But for many of us the process
is difficult and requires courage.
A. Making new friends comes easy for some people.
B. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.
题型 32/74 词汇衔接之代词衔接
例 39/127：
Try to solve the problem. After you’re calm and you have support from adults and friends, it’s time to get down to
business. Even if you can’t solve it all, you can solve a piece of it.
D. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.
E. You need to figure out what the problem is.
F. And don’t forget about your friends.
题型 33/74 词汇衔接之同一范畴
例 40/127：
Everybody gets stressed time to time. Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed: (1) Get support. When
you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives.
They might have had similar problems such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.
A. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.
C. Different people feel stress in different ways
E. You need to figure out what the problem is.
F. And don’t forget about your friends.
题型 34/74 逻辑衔接之转折对比
例 41/127：
Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. The word business
also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profit 一 that is, they
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aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the monly called nonprofits,
these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers.
C. Examples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.
D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.
题型 35/74 逻辑衔接之因果关系
例 42/127：
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to
your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. So, slow down and think what you
really want to do at that moment. Clarity（清晰）of thoughts can help you move forward.
A. This can affect your work.
E. They can change according to circumstances.
F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
题型 36/74 逻辑衔接之并列关系
例 43/127：
Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect
with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry. . Also, sometimes pre-anger
does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred.
E. Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind.
F. Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye.
G. Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger
another.
题型 37/74 逻辑衔接之顺承关系
例 44/127：
Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.
A. You must write your notes on separate paper.
B. There are three practical note-taking methods.
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C. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.
题型 38/74 逻辑衔接之递进关系
例 45/127：
After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC, the Beatles quickly became famous in Britain with
nationwide tours. By mid-1963, the Beatles had been extremely popular in England. They held large concerts
and performed at clubs. They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. They began as a modestly
successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named
composers of the year.
B. Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time.
D. However, their songs changed the lives of generations to come.
题型 39/74 逻辑衔接之解释例证
例 46/127：
There are three main types of cryptography. For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many
eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”
B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.
E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.
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第四章 完形填空
本模块在高考以阅读选择的形式出现，难度总体中档，覆盖分值 15分。
题型 40/74 词汇复现
例 47/127：
However, I soon discover that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of among tons of rubbish. I
find a clean mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths.
A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones
例 48/127：
She calculated that going to a stranger’s house was a move, but she decided to take the chance. “If I were in that
situation, I would want someone to try to find me,” she said.
A. selfless B. risky C. slow D. personal
例 49/127：
A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one as lost in the local paper. The ad had a phone number for a
town in southern Michigan.
A. predicted B. advertised C. believed D. recorded
例 50/127：
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They bring with them lots of
waste. The might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers（冰川）are disappearing, changing the face of
Kilimanjaro.
A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters
题型 41/74 搭配挑选
例 51/127：
Although the programme asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes to
ensure the welfare and safety of the students.
A. far B. around C. beyond D. forwards
题型 42/74 动作顺序
例 52/127：
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The nurse had him take a seat in the waiting area, him it would be at least 40 minutes before someone would be
able to see him. I saw him his watch and decided, since I was not busy—my patient didn’t turn up at the
appointed hour, I would examine his wound.
A. persuading B. promising C. understanding D. telling
A. taking off B. fixing C. looking at D. winding
题型 43/74 逻辑推理
例 53/127：
What’s particularly interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet’s cause. Berlin has been the
while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen.
A. easiest B. nearest C. biggest D. richest
题型 44/74 语境分析
例 54/127：
He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something occurred to me. Those brown eyes were very “What’s
his name ” I asked the instructor. “Ben,” he replied, and immediately I knew. That stranger was my son!
A. sharp B. pleasant C. attractive D. familiar
题型 45/74 辨析词义
例 55/127：
The mirrors are controlled by a computer that them to turn along with the sun throughout the day and to close
during windy weather.
A. forbids B. directs C. predicts D. follows
lives.
例 56/127：
Since he first started volunteering his car to the young people, Wilson has an astonishing 64 ,000 miles, and has
had countless pleasant and often humorous conversations with the students he transports to and from school.
A. paved B. covered C. measured D. wandered
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第五章 语法填空
本模块在高考以填空题的形式出现，难度总体简单或中档，覆盖分值 15分。
题型 46/74 谓语动词形式
例 57/127：
Diets have changed in China—and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country _________ (grow) more corn than rice.
例 58/127：
While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it _________ (be) more effective at lengthening life
than walking, cycling or swimming.
例 59/127：
When fat and salt _________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.
例 60/127：
The teacher together with his students _________ (do) experiments in the lab now.
例 61/127：
He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he _________ (follow).
题型 47/74 非谓语动词形式
例 62/127：
I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid _________ (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel challenged.
例 63/127：
_________ (buy) a new house is impossible for the young couple because they haven’t saved enough money.
例 64/127：
He told us whether _________ (have) a picnic was still under discussion.
例 65/127：
You don’t have to run fast or for long _________ (see) the benefit.
例 66/127：
If _________ (accept) for the job, you’ll be informed soon.
例 67/127：
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When we got a call _________ (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke.
例 68/127：
Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans _________ (retire) from her
36-year-old business.
例 69/127：
While there are _________ (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes are gradual and require a
lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.
例 70/127：
_________ (travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.
例 71/127：
I didn’t mean _________ (eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help _________ (try) it.
题型 48/74 动词的词性转换
例 72/127：
This development was only possible with the _________ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts.
例 73/127：
However, be _________ (care) not to go to extremes.
题型 49/74 名词单复数
例 74/127：
No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various _________ (activity) on Earth Day.
例 75/127：
Making Chinese _________ (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.
题型 50/74 名词的词性转换
例 76/127：
School uniforms are _________ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them.
例 77/127：
Devoted to bringing up the secret of nature, the young _________ (science) has little time for entertainment.
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例 78/127：
To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces to _________ (strength) your leg muscles, avoid hills and get good running
shoes.
例 79/127：
Running is cheap, easy and it’s always _________ (energy).
题型 51/74 纯空格类副词的判定
例 80/127：
Many of us were raised with the saying “Waste not, want not.” None of us, _________ , can completely avoid waste in our
lives.
例 81/127：
A few hours _________ , I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with its choking smog.
题型 52/74 形容词和副词的比较等级
例 82/127：
There could be an even _________ (high) cost on your health.
例 83/127：
He screams the _________ (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.
题型 53/74 形容词的词性转换
例 84/127：
Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been _________ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all
the smoke and noise.
题型 54/74 纯空格类代词的判定
例 85/127：
An average of just 18.75cm of rain fell last year, making _________ the driest year since California became a state in 1850.
例 86/127：
Do you think _________ acceptable for a group of women to dance to loud music on the square near your house
例 87/127：
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_________ is reported that a bus fell into a river yesterday. Luckily, nobody was hurt.
例 88/127：
_________ is the ability to do the job that matters not where you come from or what you are.
例 89/127：
_________ was not until midnight that he went back home after the experiment.
题型 54/74 纯空格类代词的判定
例 90/127：
This project requires close teamwork. _________ will be achieved unless we work well together.
例 91/127：
If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all
give _________ a try.
题型 55/74 有提示词类代词的形式
例 92/127：
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find _________ (they) alive.
例 93/127：
We must keep reminding _________ (we) that it is easier to get into something than it is to get out of it.
例 94/127：
Mary used to be a manager at a big company, but she gave up _________ (she) job when she became a mother.
例 95/127：
On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _________ (it) mother.
例 96/127：
Nervously facing challenges, I know I will whisper to _________ (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.
题型 56/74 定冠词和不定冠词
例 97/127：
_________ Browns have two children, a son and a daughter.
例 98/127：
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As is known to all, _________ People’s Republic of China is the biggest developing country in the world.
例 99/127：
It took three years to complete and was built using _________ interesting method.
例 100/127：
He missed the gold in the high jump, but will get _________ second chance in the long jump.
例 101/127：
Of _________ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine
lack enough data.
例 102/127：
Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be _________ Beethoven.
题型 57/74 介词的判定
例 103/127：
After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree _________
engineering or architecture.
例 104/127：
Many people who live along the coast make a living _________ fishing industry.
题型 58/74 并列连词的判定
例 105/127：
There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _____ some of them looked very anxious and disappointed.
例 106/127：
Too much stress does you harm ________ no stress makes you achieve little.
例 107/127：
Some animals carry seeds from one place to another________ plants can spread to new places.
例 108/127：
There’s no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery _______another man, also intelligent, fails.
题型 59/74 从句连词的判定
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例 109/127：
Maybe you leave a habit ___________ is driving your family crazy.
题型 59/74 从句连词的判定
例 110/127：
I’m not sure ________ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla that suddenly appears out of nowhere.
例 111/127：
The little problems ___________ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
例 112/127：
_______ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
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第六章 应用文写作
本模块在高考以写作题的形式出现，难度总体中档，覆盖分值 15分。
题型 60/74 申请
例 113/127：
假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 个人优势；
3. 能做的事情。
题型 61/74 邀请
例 114/127：
假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友 Allen 参加，内容包括：
1. 时间；
2. 活动安排；
3. 欢迎他表演节目。
题型 62/74 感谢
例 115/127：
假定你是李华，经常帮助你学习英语的朋友 Alex 即将返回自己的国家。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示感谢；
2. 回顾 Alex 对你的帮助；
3. 临别祝愿。
题型 63/74 道歉
例 116/127：
假定你是李华，与留学生朋友 Bob 约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
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1. 表示歉意；
2. 说明原因；
3. 另约时间。
题型 64/74 求助
例 117/127：
假定你是李华，暑假想去一家外资公司兼职，已写好申请书和个人简历 (resume)。你给外教 Ms. Jenkins 写信，让她
帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式 (format)。
题型 65/74 建议
例 118/127：
假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友 Terry 将去中国朋友家里做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件，内容包
括：
1. 到达时间；
2. 合适的礼物；
3. 餐桌礼仪。
题型 66/74 咨询
例 119/127：
假定你是李华，计划暑假期间去英国学习英语，为期六周。下面的广告引起了你的注意，请给该校写封信，询问有
关情况（箭头所指内容）。
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题型 67/74 告知
例 120/127：
假定你是校排球队队长李华。请写封邮件告知你的队友 Chris 球队近期将参加比赛，内容包括：
1. 比赛信息；
2. 赛前准备；
3. 表达期待。
题型 68/74 介绍
例 121/127：
假定你是李华，朋友 Peter 来信询问你校体育活动项目开展情况，请给他写封回信，要点如下:
1. 你校运动场情况介绍；
2. 开展的体育项目；
3. 你喜欢的项目。
题型 69/74 通知
例 122/127：
你受学生会委托为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一则通知，请大家观看一部英文短片 Growing Together, 内容包括：
1. 短片内容：学校的发展；
2. 放映时间、地点；
3. 欢迎对短片提出意见。
题型 70/74 报道
例 123/127：
星光中学近期举行了一次登山活动。假定你是学校英语报记者，请写一篇短文，报道此次活动。内容包括：
1. 时间与地点：4 月 10 日，大青山 (Daqing Mountain)；
2. 活动的过程；
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3. 你对于这次活动的评论。
题型 71/74 留言
例 124/127：
假定你是李华，正在英国接受英语培训，住在一户英国人家里。今天你的房东 Mrs. Wilson 不在家，你准备外出，
请给 Mrs. Wilson 写一留言条，内容包括：
1. 外出购物；
2. 替房东还书；
3. Tracy 来电话留言：(1) 咖啡屋 (Bolton Coffee) 见面取消； (2) 此事已告知 Susan； (3) 尽快回电。
题型 72/74 发言
例 125/127：
假设你是晨光中学的学生会主席李津。一批来自英国的高中生与你校学生开展了为期两周的交流活动。现在，他们
即将回国，你将在欢送会上致辞。请根据以下提示写一篇发言稿。
1. 回顾双方的交流活动（如学习、生活、体育、文艺等方面）；
2. 谈谈收获或感想；
3. 表达祝愿与期望。
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第七章 续写概要
本模块在高考以写作题的形式出现，难度总体中难档，覆盖分值 25分。
题型 73/74 读后续写
例 126/127：
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One weekend in July, Jane and her husband, Tom, had driven three hours to camp overnight by a lake in the forest.
Unfortunately, on the way an unpleasant subject came up and they started to quarrel. By the time they reached the lake, Jane
was so angry that she said to Tom, “I’m going to find a better spot for us to camp” and walked away.
With no path to follow, Jane just walked on for quite a long time. After she had climbed to a high place, she turned
around, hoping to see the lake. To her surprise, she saw nothing but forest and, far beyond, a snowcapped mountain top. She
suddenly realized that she was lost.
“Tom!” she cried. “Help!”
No reply. If only she had not left her mobile phone in that bag with Tom. Jane kept moving, but the farther she walked,
the more confused she became. As night was beginning to fall, Jane was so tired that she had to stop for the night. Lying
awake in the dark, Jane wanted very much to be with Tom and her family. She wanted to hold him and tell him how much
she loved him.
Jane rose at the break of day, hungry and thirsty. She could hear water trickling（滴落）somewhere at a distance.
Quickly she followed the sound to a stream. To her great joy, she also saw some berry bushes. She drank and ate a few
berries. Never in her life had she tasted anything better. Feeling stronger now, Jane began to walk along the stream and hope
it would lead her to the lake.
As she picked her way carefully along the stream, Jane heard a helicopter. Is that for me Unfortunately, the trees
made it impossible for people to see her from above. A few minutes later, another helicopter flew overhead. Jane took off
her yellow blouse, thinking that she should go to an open area and flag them if they came back again.
But no more helicopters came and it was dark.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________.
It was daybreak when Jane woke up.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________.
题型 74/74 概要写作
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例 127/127：
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。
Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Raising Happy and Confident Kids,
says, “We’ve gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict.” By giving kids a
lot of praise, parents think they’re building their children’s confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite. Too much
praise can backfire and, when given in a way that’s insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not
being able to stay on top where their parents’ praise has put them.
Still, don’t go too far in the other direction. Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much. Kids
will feel like they’re not good enough or that you don’t care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their
accomplishments.
So what is the right amount of praise Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity. If
praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that
deserves a verbal reward. “We should especially recognize our children’s efforts to push themselves and work hard to
achieve a goal,” says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really
Matters. “One thing to remember is that it’s the process not the end product that matters.”
Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if he’s out there every day and playing hard, you
should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean
recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a book report. But whatever it is,
praise should be given on a case-by-case basis and be proportionate（相称的）to the amount of effort your child has put into
it.
题型 74/74 概要写作
例 127/127：
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。
Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Raising Happy and Confident Kids,
says, “We’ve gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict.” By giving kids a
lot of praise, parents think they’re building their children’s confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite. Too much
praise can backfire and, when given in a way that’s insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not
being able to stay on top where their parents’ praise has put them.
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Still, don’t go too far in the other direction. Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much. Kids
will feel like they’re not good enough or that you don’t care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their
accomplishments.
So what is the right amount of praise Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity. If
praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that
deserves a verbal reward. “We should especially recognize our children’s efforts to push themselves and work hard to
achieve a goal,” says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really
Matters. “One thing to remember is that it’s the process not the end product that matters.”
Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if he’s out there every day and playing hard, you
should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean
recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a book report. But whatever it is,
praise should be given on a case-by-case basis and be proportionate（相称的）to the amount of effort your child has put into
it.
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高考英语 必考74母题
本题型清单中包含 74个题型，127道母题，涵盖高考英语全部题型，并且高考英语作文连续多年命
中率在 93%以上。
英语 140分以下的同学，按照此清单学习，可稳步提升！
一、为了有助于不同复习阶段和分数，根据高考试卷命题规律：简单：中档：难档 = 5：3：2的比
例，建议采取以下学习方案：
90分以下：优先学习简单题型，之后再去攻克中档题及难题；
90-120分：优先学习简单题和中档题，之后再去攻克难题；
120分以上：确保中低档题没问题的前提下，攻克难题。
绿色题型：简单题，共 30个题型，57道母题，分值 80分
蓝色题型：中档题，共 33个题型，45道母题，分值 40分
红色题型：难题，共 11个题型，25道母题，分值 30分
二、按章学习，针对不会的题目，先做好标记，之后看清北学霸视频讲解
判断不会的标准：
1. 填空看题 15秒没思路，记为不会；
2. 阅读选择看题 60秒没思路，记为不会；
3. 写作题目有思路，具体内容表达有困难且多为简单句，写作时间过长且存在语法错误，记为不会。
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第一章 听力理解
本模块在高考以听后选择的形式出现，难度总体简单或中档，覆盖分值 30分。
题型 1/74 短对话之主旨要义
例 1/127：
What are the speakers talking about
A. What to drink. B. Where to meet. C. When to leave.
例 2/127：
Why would David quit his job
A. To go back to school.
B. To start his own firm.
C. To work for his friend.
题型 2/74 短对话之时间数字计算
例 3/127：
When does the train leave
A. At 6:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 10:30.
例 4/127：
How much more does David need for the car
A. $ 5,000. B. $20,000. C. $25,000.
题型 3/74 短对话之地点场景
例 5/127：
Where does this conversation take place
A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C. In a museum.
题型 4/74 短对话之人物身份及关系
例 6/127：
What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Colleagues. B. Classmates. C. Strangers.
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题型 5/74 短对话之观点态度
例 7/127：
What does the woman think of her interview
A. It was tough. B. It was interesting. C. It was successful.
题型 6/74 长对话之首尾信息
例 8/127：
What has Kate’s mother decided to do
A. Return to school. B. Change her job. C. Retire from work.
例 9/127：
What is Kate’s attitude toward her mother’s decision
A. Disapproving. B. Ambiguous. C. Understanding.
题型 7/74 长对话之直接信息
例 10/127：
How long did James run his business
A. 10 years. B. 13 years. C. 15 years.
例 11/127：
What did Kate’s mother study at college
A. Oil painting. B. Art history. C. Business administration.
题型 8/74 长对话之间接信息
例 12/127：
(1) What does the woman like about the carpet
A. Its color. B. Its design. C. Its quality.
(2) What does the man say about the kitchen
A. It’s a good size.
B. It’s newly painted.
C. It’s adequately equipped .
例 13/127：
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Why does the man seldom do exercise
A. He lacks motivation.
B. He has a heart problem.
C. He works all the time.
题型 9/74 独白之应用文
例 14/127：
(1) What are the tourists advised to do when touring London
A. Take their tour schedule.
B. Watch out for the traffic.
C. Wear comfortable shoes.
(2) What will the tourists do in fifteen minutes
A. Meet the speaker.
B. Go to their rooms.
C. Change some money.
(3) Where probably is the speaker
A. In a park. B. In a hotel. C. In a shopping center.
题型 10/74 独白之人物介绍
例 15/127：
(1) What did John enjoy doing in his childhood
A. Touring France. B. Playing outdoors. C. Painting pictures.
(2) What did John do after he moved to the US
A. He did business. B. He studied biology. C. He worked on a farm.
(3) Why did John go hunting
A. For food. B. For pleasure. C. For money.
(4) What is the subject of John’s works
A. American birds. B. Natural scenery. C. Family life.
题型 11/74 独白之演说类
例 16/127：
(1) Who is the speaker probably talking to
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A. Movie fans. B. News reporters. C. College students.
(2) When did the speaker take English classes
A. Before he left his hometown.
B. After he came to America.
C. When he was 15 years old.
(3) How does the speaker feel about his teacher
A. He’s proud. B. He’s sympathetic. C. He’s grateful.
(4) What does the speaker mainly talk about
A. How education shaped his life.
B. How his language skills improved.
C. How he managed his business well.
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第二章 阅读理解
本模块在高考以阅读选择的形式出现，难度总体简单或中档，覆盖分值 37.5分。
题型 12/74 细节理解之数字计算
例 17/127：
Commercial Pilots
Average salary：$67,500 Current workforce: 32,700
Projected job growth,2010—2020: 28%
An average commercial pilot makes $26,000 more than a typical full-time worker and $13,000 more than an average
college-educated worker. It requires only a commercial pilot’s license and training at a local flight school. Times are
changing—many airlines now look for pilots with two-year or four-year degrees—but prospects for salary and growth
remain strong.
The average salary for a typical full-time worker is .
A. $52,440 B. $45,490 C. $67,500 D. $41,500
题型 13/74 细节理解之是非判断
例 18/127：
Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food
poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin
within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms.
Certain microorganisms（微生物）cause most types of food poisoning…
Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning.…
Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people…
Which of the following statements is NOT true
A. Food when poisoned can make people sick.
B. Food poisoning means death.
C. Food poisoning comes in varieties.
D. Food poisoning can be serious.
题型 14/74 细节理解之事实细节
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例 19/127：
Fire Alarms
The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual（手动的）fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull
stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors
and sprinklers. For your safety, never tamper with（胡乱摆弄）these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to
imprisonment.
What do the automatic fire alarm systems include
A. Pipes and smoke detectors. B. Smoke detectors and sprinklers.
C. Fire alarm pull stations and pipes. D. Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations.
题型 15/74 细节理解之间接信息
例 20/127：
Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a
little more protein（ 蛋 白 质 ） , iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in
antioxidants（抗氧化物质）. The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into
vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries（樱桃）, they are so delicious who cares However, they are rich in
vitamin C.
What does the author seem to like about cherries
A. They contain protein. B. They are high in vitamin A.
C. They have a pleasant taste. D. They are rich in antioxidants.
题型 16/74 推理判断之细节信息推断
例 21/127：
We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply
focused on their smart phones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.
What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph
A. Addiction to smart phones.
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B. Inappropriate behaviours in public places.
C. Absence of communication between strangers.
D. Impatience with slow service.
题型 17/74 推理判断之观点态度推断
例 22/127：
The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves
to other parts of the country as well.
What is the author’s attitude towards the Yellowstone wolf project
A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Disapproving. D. Uncaring.
题型 18/74 推理判断之目的意图推断
例 23/127：
Eating too much fatty food exercising too little and smoking can raise your future risk of heart disease. But there is
another factor that can cause your heart problems more immediately: the air you breathe.
The author’s purpose of writing the text is most likely to .
A. inform B. persuade C. describe D. entertain
例 24/127：
Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear. Children know this very well. Fred
Epstein, in his book If I Make It to Five, tells a story he heard from one of friends about Tom, a four-year-old boy with a
cancer in his back bone. He came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination.
… So, let your imagination run wild, and dare to dream.
What is the purpose of the passage
A. To tell us an interesting story. B. To help us make right decisions.
C. To advise us to care about children. D. To encourage us to use our imagination.
题型 19/74 推理判断之文章出处推断
例 25/127：
Many of us love July because it’s the month when nature’s berries and stone fruits are in abundance. …
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Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a
little more protein（蛋白质）, iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein) …
When combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit
shakes and low fat “ice cream”. …
If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “soft-serve”
creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. …
From which is the text probably taken
A. A biology textbook. B. A health magazine.
C. A research paper. D. A travel brochure.
题型 20/74 定义复述法猜测词义
例 26/127：
And for chocolate snobs, who think that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than others, the Connoisseur Series
uses cocoa beans from Togo, Cuba, Venezuela , and Ghana, among others.
The words “chocolate snobs” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to people who .
A. are particular about chocolate B. know little about cocoa beans
C. look down upon others D. like to try new flavors
题型 21/74 同义近义法猜测词义
例 27/127：
I am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem cell courier. Since March 2012, I’ve done 89 trips-of those, 51 have been abroad. I
have 42 hours to carry stem cells（干细胞）in my little box because I’ve got two ice packs and that’s how long they last. In
all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor（捐献者）to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve
got 72 hours at most. So I am always conscious of time.
Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph1
A. provider B. delivery man C. collector D. medical doctor
题型 22/74 逻辑关系法猜测词义
例 28/127：
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Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but
they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the
Yellowstone area. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around.
What does the underlined word “displaced” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Tested. B. Separated. C. Forced out. D. Tracked down.
题型 23/74 举例说明法猜测词义
例 29/127：
Before birth, babies can tell the difference between loud sounds and voices. They can even distinguish their mother’s
voice from that of a female stranger. But when it comes to embryonic learning（胎教） , birds could rule the roost. As
recently reported in The Auk: Ornithological Advances, some mother birds may teach their young to sing even before they
hatch（孵化）. New-born chicks can then imitate their mom’s call within a few days of entering the world.
The underlined phrase in Paragraph 1 means .
A. be the worst B. be the best C. be just as bad D. be just as good
题型 24/74 识别指代法猜测词义
例 30/127：
We shared the belief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back—he with his
Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute
and the festival. Paul and I didn’t see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. We supported each
other financially and by showing up at events.
What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A. Their belief. B. Their care for children.
C. Their success. D. Their support for each other.
题型 25/74 主旨大意之归纳标题
例 31/127：
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Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he’s an
environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the
road. What is even more interesting is that one of Stein’s jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags.
Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree branches or along
highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts（收银台）. The bags are prohibited in some 90
cities in California, including Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to
make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.
Among the bag makers’ arguments: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily
recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a
small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.
The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. The
stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out. However, longer-lasting reusable
bags often require more energy to make. One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for
the planet than plastic.
Environmentalists don’t dispute（质疑） these points. They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want
shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.
What is the best title for the text
A. Plastic, Paper or Neither
B. Industry, Pollution and Environment
C. Recycle or ThrowAway
D. Garbage Collection and Waste Control
题型 26/74 主旨大意之概括大意
例 32/127：
While learning the science lessons, I used to get a doubt—why ears, nose, tongue and eyes should be called as special
senses The basic reason is that these are the channels through which we maintain contact with the surroundings. Though
apparently it may feel like these are individual sensory organs, they do show some connectivity. Interestingly, our hearing is
less sharp after we eat a heavy food. Isn’t it good for a sound nap after a stomach-full meal That does not mean we go deaf
after a meal, but the hearing pitch（强度）does change after a heavy meal.
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We usually give credit of the taste to our tongue, but do you know that unless saliva（唾液）dissolves something, our
tongue cannot recognize the taste of the food eaten. Taste is nothing but the food chemicals dissolved in the saliva being
sensed by the taste buds present on the tongue. Try to dry off your tongue and mouth with a tissue paper and then taste
something.
Women are much better smellers than men. They are born with this characteristic ability and can correctly pinpoint（准
确说出）the exact fragrance of the sample. We all can store almost 50,000 different scents, which are strongly tied to the
memories.
Pupils（瞳孔）do not respond to light alone, but to the slightest bit of noise around too. Thus surgeons, watchmakers
and those professionals who have to perform a much delicate job do prefer to have a sound-free environment. Even a small
noise can dilate（扩大）their pupils, change the focus and blur（使模糊）their vision. If you do not wear glasses or contact
lens due to having a 6/6 vision, you are just among the one third of the human population. It is now statistically proved that
only one third of the population has perfect vision, rest all are either wearing glasses or are trying to read with a
compromised vision.
Each and every one of us has a particular or individualistic or characteristic smell, which is unique to us, except for the
identical twins. This smell is very subtle（微妙的）yet can be sensed even by a newborn. It may be due to this scent that the
newborn recognizes the presence of his parents around. Many of us can pinpoint the smell of our significant friends and
colleagues. A significant part of this phenomenon is guided by genetics but it is also changed by the environment, diet and
personal hygiene. This all together creates the unique chemistry that is individualistic for each person.
What is the text mainly about
A. The functions of sensory organs.
B. The connectivity of our tongue and ear.
C. A newborn’s senses of the sensory organs.
D. The differences of senses between women and men.
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第三章 七选五阅读
本模块在高考以阅读选择的形式出现，难度总体中难档，覆盖分值 12.5分。
题型 27/74 结构衔接之标题结构
例 33/127：
The basic function of money.
Being explaining the basic function of money…
Money lessons.
Approach money lessons with openness…
.
Begin at the grocery store. Pick out two similar brands of a product-a name brand butter and a generic(无商标产品),
for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save
money.
A. Wise decisions.
B. The value of money.
题型 28/74 结构衔接之句子结构
例 34/127：
Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the
runs. , buy the best-fitting running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or
feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.
A. After six days
B. For a good marathon runner
C. Before you begin your training
D. With each day, increase the distance by a half mile
E. If they still feel good, you can begin running in them
F. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training
题型 29/74 结构衔接之段落结构
例 35/127：
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Be fun!
Think about the people you most enjoy being with—usually they are always on the up and up. Being
fun makes people happy and brightens the way they think of you. It makes you seem like you truly love life and you can
deal with any problems that you have to face.
C. Classwork is a great icebreaker.
D. Say “hello” and see what happens.
E. And don’t just talk about yourself all the time.
F. Even the shyest person can manage a little smile.
G. We all prefer spending time with people who make us feel happy.
例 36/127：
Be mindful of your “why”.
If I need to clean the floor, but I really don’t like cleaning, then I won’t feel very motivated to do it. However, if I
have a big enough reason to do it — because I’m having some guests to come over, or I love the feeling of having a clean
floor, then that “bigger purpose” can be strong enough to get me to act, even though I don’t enjoy cleaning. If I stay mindful
of why I’m doing it, I can get motivated to do it. .
B. Get help and support when you’re not feeling motivated.
C. So remind yourself of why you’re doing what you’re doing.
D. What kind of self-talk would you use to motivate yourself
E. Let them inspire you to access your own great desire within.
F. You might feel proud, happy, satisfied, or any other emotion.
题型 30/74 词汇衔接之词语复现
例 37/127：
If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there’s a difference between being
a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, we’ll have our trust tested or violated.
A. Learn to really trust yourself.
C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.
D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.
题型 31/74 词汇衔接之反义衔接
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例 38/127：
When we change our jobs or schools, it often leaves us without a friend. But for many of us the process
is difficult and requires courage.
A. Making new friends comes easy for some people.
B. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.
题型 32/74 词汇衔接之代词衔接
例 39/127：
Try to solve the problem. After you’re calm and you have support from adults and friends, it’s time to get down to
business. Even if you can’t solve it all, you can solve a piece of it.
D. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.
E. You need to figure out what the problem is.
F. And don’t forget about your friends.
题型 33/74 词汇衔接之同一范畴
例 40/127：
Everybody gets stressed time to time. Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed: (1) Get support. When
you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives.
They might have had similar problems such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.
A. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.
C. Different people feel stress in different ways
E. You need to figure out what the problem is.
F. And don’t forget about your friends.
题型 34/74 逻辑衔接之转折对比
例 41/127：
Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. The word business
also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profit 一 that is, they
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aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the monly called nonprofits,
these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers.
C. Examples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.
D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.
题型 35/74 逻辑衔接之因果关系
例 42/127：
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to
your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. So, slow down and think what you
really want to do at that moment. Clarity（清晰）of thoughts can help you move forward.
A. This can affect your work.
E. They can change according to circumstances.
F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
题型 36/74 逻辑衔接之并列关系
例 43/127：
Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect
with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry. . Also, sometimes pre-anger
does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred.
E. Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind.
F. Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye.
G. Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger
another.
题型 37/74 逻辑衔接之顺承关系
例 44/127：
Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.
A. You must write your notes on separate paper.
B. There are three practical note-taking methods.
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C. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.
题型 38/74 逻辑衔接之递进关系
例 45/127：
After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC, the Beatles quickly became famous in Britain with
nationwide tours. By mid-1963, the Beatles had been extremely popular in England. They held large concerts
and performed at clubs. They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. They began as a modestly
successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named
composers of the year.
B. Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time.
D. However, their songs changed the lives of generations to come.
题型 39/74 逻辑衔接之解释例证
例 46/127：
There are three main types of cryptography. For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many
eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”
B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.
E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.
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第四章 完形填空
本模块在高考以阅读选择的形式出现，难度总体中档，覆盖分值 15分。
题型 40/74 词汇复现
例 47/127：
However, I soon discover that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of among tons of rubbish. I
find a clean mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths.
A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones
例 48/127：
She calculated that going to a stranger’s house was a move, but she decided to take the chance. “If I were in that
situation, I would want someone to try to find me,” she said.
A. selfless B. risky C. slow D. personal
例 49/127：
A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one as lost in the local paper. The ad had a phone number for a
town in southern Michigan.
A. predicted B. advertised C. believed D. recorded
例 50/127：
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They bring with them lots of
waste. The might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers（冰川）are disappearing, changing the face of
Kilimanjaro.
A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters
题型 41/74 搭配挑选
例 51/127：
Although the programme asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes to
ensure the welfare and safety of the students.
A. far B. around C. beyond D. forwards
题型 42/74 动作顺序
例 52/127：
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The nurse had him take a seat in the waiting area, him it would be at least 40 minutes before someone would be
able to see him. I saw him his watch and decided, since I was not busy—my patient didn’t turn up at the
appointed hour, I would examine his wound.
A. persuading B. promising C. understanding D. telling
A. taking off B. fixing C. looking at D. winding
题型 43/74 逻辑推理
例 53/127：
What’s particularly interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet’s cause. Berlin has been the
while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen.
A. easiest B. nearest C. biggest D. richest
题型 44/74 语境分析
例 54/127：
He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something occurred to me. Those brown eyes were very “What’s
his name ” I asked the instructor. “Ben,” he replied, and immediately I knew. That stranger was my son!
A. sharp B. pleasant C. attractive D. familiar
题型 45/74 辨析词义
例 55/127：
The mirrors are controlled by a computer that them to turn along with the sun throughout the day and to close
during windy weather.
A. forbids B. directs C. predicts D. follows
lives.
例 56/127：
Since he first started volunteering his car to the young people, Wilson has an astonishing 64 ,000 miles, and has
had countless pleasant and often humorous conversations with the students he transports to and from school.
A. paved B. covered C. measured D. wandered
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第五章 语法填空
本模块在高考以填空题的形式出现，难度总体简单或中档，覆盖分值 15分。
题型 46/74 谓语动词形式
例 57/127：
Diets have changed in China—and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country _________ (grow) more corn than rice.
例 58/127：
While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it _________ (be) more effective at lengthening life
than walking, cycling or swimming.
例 59/127：
When fat and salt _________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.
例 60/127：
The teacher together with his students _________ (do) experiments in the lab now.
例 61/127：
He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he _________ (follow).
题型 47/74 非谓语动词形式
例 62/127：
I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid _________ (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel challenged.
例 63/127：
_________ (buy) a new house is impossible for the young couple because they haven’t saved enough money.
例 64/127：
He told us whether _________ (have) a picnic was still under discussion.
例 65/127：
You don’t have to run fast or for long _________ (see) the benefit.
例 66/127：
If _________ (accept) for the job, you’ll be informed soon.
例 67/127：
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When we got a call _________ (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke.
例 68/127：
Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans _________ (retire) from her
36-year-old business.
例 69/127：
While there are _________ (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes are gradual and require a
lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.
例 70/127：
_________ (travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.
例 71/127：
I didn’t mean _________ (eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help _________ (try) it.
题型 48/74 动词的词性转换
例 72/127：
This development was only possible with the _________ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts.
例 73/127：
However, be _________ (care) not to go to extremes.
题型 49/74 名词单复数
例 74/127：
No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various _________ (activity) on Earth Day.
例 75/127：
Making Chinese _________ (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.
题型 50/74 名词的词性转换
例 76/127：
School uniforms are _________ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them.
例 77/127：
Devoted to bringing up the secret of nature, the young _________ (science) has little time for entertainment.
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例 78/127：
To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces to _________ (strength) your leg muscles, avoid hills and get good running
shoes.
例 79/127：
Running is cheap, easy and it’s always _________ (energy).
题型 51/74 纯空格类副词的判定
例 80/127：
Many of us were raised with the saying “Waste not, want not.” None of us, _________ , can completely avoid waste in our
lives.
例 81/127：
A few hours _________ , I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with its choking smog.
题型 52/74 形容词和副词的比较等级
例 82/127：
There could be an even _________ (high) cost on your health.
例 83/127：
He screams the _________ (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.
题型 53/74 形容词的词性转换
例 84/127：
Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been _________ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all
the smoke and noise.
题型 54/74 纯空格类代词的判定
例 85/127：
An average of just 18.75cm of rain fell last year, making _________ the driest year since California became a state in 1850.
例 86/127：
Do you think _________ acceptable for a group of women to dance to loud music on the square near your house
例 87/127：
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_________ is reported that a bus fell into a river yesterday. Luckily, nobody was hurt.
例 88/127：
_________ is the ability to do the job that matters not where you come from or what you are.
例 89/127：
_________ was not until midnight that he went back home after the experiment.
题型 54/74 纯空格类代词的判定
例 90/127：
This project requires close teamwork. _________ will be achieved unless we work well together.
例 91/127：
If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all
give _________ a try.
题型 55/74 有提示词类代词的形式
例 92/127：
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find _________ (they) alive.
例 93/127：
We must keep reminding _________ (we) that it is easier to get into something than it is to get out of it.
例 94/127：
Mary used to be a manager at a big company, but she gave up _________ (she) job when she became a mother.
例 95/127：
On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _________ (it) mother.
例 96/127：
Nervously facing challenges, I know I will whisper to _________ (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.
题型 56/74 定冠词和不定冠词
例 97/127：
_________ Browns have two children, a son and a daughter.
例 98/127：
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As is known to all, _________ People’s Republic of China is the biggest developing country in the world.
例 99/127：
It took three years to complete and was built using _________ interesting method.
例 100/127：
He missed the gold in the high jump, but will get _________ second chance in the long jump.
例 101/127：
Of _________ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine
lack enough data.
例 102/127：
Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be _________ Beethoven.
题型 57/74 介词的判定
例 103/127：
After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree _________
engineering or architecture.
例 104/127：
Many people who live along the coast make a living _________ fishing industry.
题型 58/74 并列连词的判定
例 105/127：
There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _____ some of them looked very anxious and disappointed.
例 106/127：
Too much stress does you harm ________ no stress makes you achieve little.
例 107/127：
Some animals carry seeds from one place to another________ plants can spread to new places.
例 108/127：
There’s no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery _______another man, also intelligent, fails.
题型 59/74 从句连词的判定
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例 109/127：
Maybe you leave a habit ___________ is driving your family crazy.
题型 59/74 从句连词的判定
例 110/127：
I’m not sure ________ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla that suddenly appears out of nowhere.
例 111/127：
The little problems ___________ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
例 112/127：
_______ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
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第六章 应用文写作
本模块在高考以写作题的形式出现，难度总体中档，覆盖分值 15分。
题型 60/74 申请
例 113/127：
假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 个人优势；
3. 能做的事情。
题型 61/74 邀请
例 114/127：
假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友 Allen 参加，内容包括：
1. 时间；
2. 活动安排；
3. 欢迎他表演节目。
题型 62/74 感谢
例 115/127：
假定你是李华，经常帮助你学习英语的朋友 Alex 即将返回自己的国家。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示感谢；
2. 回顾 Alex 对你的帮助；
3. 临别祝愿。
题型 63/74 道歉
例 116/127：
假定你是李华，与留学生朋友 Bob 约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
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1. 表示歉意；
2. 说明原因；
3. 另约时间。
题型 64/74 求助
例 117/127：
假定你是李华，暑假想去一家外资公司兼职，已写好申请书和个人简历 (resume)。你给外教 Ms. Jenkins 写信，让她
帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式 (format)。
题型 65/74 建议
例 118/127：
假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友 Terry 将去中国朋友家里做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件，内容包
括：
1. 到达时间；
2. 合适的礼物；
3. 餐桌礼仪。
题型 66/74 咨询
例 119/127：
假定你是李华，计划暑假期间去英国学习英语，为期六周。下面的广告引起了你的注意，请给该校写封信，询问有
关情况（箭头所指内容）。
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题型 67/74 告知
例 120/127：
假定你是校排球队队长李华。请写封邮件告知你的队友 Chris 球队近期将参加比赛，内容包括：
1. 比赛信息；
2. 赛前准备；
3. 表达期待。
题型 68/74 介绍
例 121/127：
假定你是李华，朋友 Peter 来信询问你校体育活动项目开展情况，请给他写封回信，要点如下:
1. 你校运动场情况介绍；
2. 开展的体育项目；
3. 你喜欢的项目。
题型 69/74 通知
例 122/127：
你受学生会委托为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一则通知，请大家观看一部英文短片 Growing Together, 内容包括：
1. 短片内容：学校的发展；
2. 放映时间、地点；
3. 欢迎对短片提出意见。
题型 70/74 报道
例 123/127：
星光中学近期举行了一次登山活动。假定你是学校英语报记者，请写一篇短文，报道此次活动。内容包括：
1. 时间与地点：4 月 10 日，大青山 (Daqing Mountain)；
2. 活动的过程；
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3. 你对于这次活动的评论。
题型 71/74 留言
例 124/127：
假定你是李华，正在英国接受英语培训，住在一户英国人家里。今天你的房东 Mrs. Wilson 不在家，你准备外出，
请给 Mrs. Wilson 写一留言条，内容包括：
1. 外出购物；
2. 替房东还书；
3. Tracy 来电话留言：(1) 咖啡屋 (Bolton Coffee) 见面取消； (2) 此事已告知 Susan； (3) 尽快回电。
题型 72/74 发言
例 125/127：
假设你是晨光中学的学生会主席李津。一批来自英国的高中生与你校学生开展了为期两周的交流活动。现在，他们
即将回国，你将在欢送会上致辞。请根据以下提示写一篇发言稿。
1. 回顾双方的交流活动（如学习、生活、体育、文艺等方面）；
2. 谈谈收获或感想；
3. 表达祝愿与期望。
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第七章 续写概要
本模块在高考以写作题的形式出现，难度总体中难档，覆盖分值 25分。
题型 73/74 读后续写
例 126/127：
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One weekend in July, Jane and her husband, Tom, had driven three hours to camp overnight by a lake in the forest.
Unfortunately, on the way an unpleasant subject came up and they started to quarrel. By the time they reached the lake, Jane
was so angry that she said to Tom, “I’m going to find a better spot for us to camp” and walked away.
With no path to follow, Jane just walked on for quite a long time. After she had climbed to a high place, she turned
around, hoping to see the lake. To her surprise, she saw nothing but forest and, far beyond, a snowcapped mountain top. She
suddenly realized that she was lost.
“Tom!” she cried. “Help!”
No reply. If only she had not left her mobile phone in that bag with Tom. Jane kept moving, but the farther she walked,
the more confused she became. As night was beginning to fall, Jane was so tired that she had to stop for the night. Lying
awake in the dark, Jane wanted very much to be with Tom and her family. She wanted to hold him and tell him how much
she loved him.
Jane rose at the break of day, hungry and thirsty. She could hear water trickling（滴落）somewhere at a distance.
Quickly she followed the sound to a stream. To her great joy, she also saw some berry bushes. She drank and ate a few
berries. Never in her life had she tasted anything better. Feeling stronger now, Jane began to walk along the stream and hope
it would lead her to the lake.
As she picked her way carefully along the stream, Jane heard a helicopter. Is that for me Unfortunately, the trees
made it impossible for people to see her from above. A few minutes later, another helicopter flew overhead. Jane took off
her yellow blouse, thinking that she should go to an open area and flag them if they came back again.
But no more helicopters came and it was dark.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________.
It was daybreak when Jane woke up.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________.
题型 74/74 概要写作
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例 127/127：
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。
Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Raising Happy and Confident Kids,
says, “We’ve gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict.” By giving kids a
lot of praise, parents think they’re building their children’s confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite. Too much
praise can backfire and, when given in a way that’s insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not
being able to stay on top where their parents’ praise has put them.
Still, don’t go too far in the other direction. Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much. Kids
will feel like they’re not good enough or that you don’t care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their
accomplishments.
So what is the right amount of praise Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity. If
praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that
deserves a verbal reward. “We should especially recognize our children’s efforts to push themselves and work hard to
achieve a goal,” says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really
Matters. “One thing to remember is that it’s the process not the end product that matters.”
Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if he’s out there every day and playing hard, you
should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean
recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a book report. But whatever it is,
praise should be given on a case-by-case basis and be proportionate（相称的）to the amount of effort your child has put into
it.
题型 74/74 概要写作
例 127/127：
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。
Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Raising Happy and Confident Kids,
says, “We’ve gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict.” By giving kids a
lot of praise, parents think they’re building their children’s confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite. Too much
praise can backfire and, when given in a way that’s insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not
being able to stay on top where their parents’ praise has put them.
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Still, don’t go too far in the other direction. Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much. Kids
will feel like they’re not good enough or that you don’t care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their
accomplishments.
So what is the right amount of praise Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity. If
praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that
deserves a verbal reward. “We should especially recognize our children’s efforts to push themselves and work hard to
achieve a goal,” says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really
Matters. “One thing to remember is that it’s the process not the end product that matters.”
Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if he’s out there every day and playing hard, you
should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean
recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a book report. But whatever it is,
praise should be given on a case-by-case basis and be proportionate（相称的）to the amount of effort your child has put into
it.
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