北师大版（2019）必修 第一册Unit 1 Life Choices单元测试（含解析）

Unit 1 Life Choices
（考试时间： 120 分钟 试卷满分： 150 分）
注意事项：
1 ．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考
证号填写在答题卡上。
2 ．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，
用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3 ．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4 ．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共 30 分，略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
There’s no lack of family fun in New York City, especially when you and your family visit the many amazing museums for kids. Every site offers something exciting. If you’re looking to enjoy a weekend or a day ff
school,try the following museums for kids.
Children’s Museum of Manhattan
This nearly 40, 000-square-foot museum makes learning about culture and science an enjoyable experience for kids. It also hosts classes and workshops which are all designed with the latest child-development research in
mind.
Brooklyn Children’s Museum
When founded in 1899, the BCM was the country’s first museum designed for children. Today, it’s one of the most comprehensive(综合性的)museums, with a collection of 30, 000 objects, including musical instruments, masks, dolls and fossils. Kids have fun while learning at interactive(互动的)exhibitions like “World Brooklyn”, a mini city lined by stores where children can make bread at the Mexican Bakery, or shop for candy at the
International Grocery.
DiMenna Children’s Museum
Exhibitions and programs at this kid-focused New-York Historical Society transport children back through
350 years of U. S. history. Galleries show the lives of kids who grew up to become famous doctors, athletes and
political figures, and Little New-Yorkers classes invite kids to join in sing-alongs and make crafts.
Children’s Museum of the Arts
This museum is especially designed for kids so that they can travel around the art world. The 10, 000-square-foot museum has more room to house its 2, 000-piece collection of international children’s art, including a huge center gallery. Artists lead workshops in classrooms, studios and media labs—which are famous
for a sound station, a clay bar and the video-making equipment.
1 ．What can children do in Children’s Museum of Manhattan
A ．Explore culture and science with pleasure.
B ．Make bread at the museum by themselves.
C ．Carry out researches on child development.
D ．Design classes and workshops on their own.
2 ．Which museum is mainly connected to American history
A ．Children’s Museum of Manhattan.
B ．Brooklyn Children’s Museum.
C ．DiMenna Children’s Museum.
D ．Children’s Museum of the Arts.
3 ．What is Children’s Museum of the Arts designed to do
A ．To help children explore the art world.
B ．To develop children’s artistic expression.
C ．To house international artists’ famous works.
D ．To help children learn art creations from artists.
B
School bus drivers have to keep the kids safe on their way to and from school. But one driver, Patricia Reitz, goes way above and beyond. She has made it her mission to give each child a handmade hat to keep them warm in
the winter.
Miss Patty—the name students, teachers and parents call her—has given away more than 7,000 hats in the
nearly three decades she worked for the Clarence Central School District in New York, reported WGRZ.
“She cares about her students,” third grade teacher Deborah Bosworth told WGRZ. “Any student that has
been on Miss Patty’s bus gets a hat, and they also get a friend. Miss Patty is one of the favorites.”
This tradition began when Reitz took up crocheting(针织). She would work on items while she waited for
students to get on the bus after school. One boy got on the bus, and he asked what she was doing. He said wearing a hat would be great going down ski slopes( 斜 坡 ). So Reitz asked him what color he liked. “That started
everything,” said Reitz. And it snowballed from there.
Reitz specializes in Santa hats, but she will make other hats too. The hats are two colors that the students choose and always have two tassels(流苏). Reitz buys all needed for the hats but she also receives gift cards from families especially around Christmas. This is a gift that comes from the heart. Despite the amount of work involved, Reitz has no intention of stopping. In fact, she has already began working on next year’s hats. “I’m
going to do it until I can’t do it anymore,” she said.
While other school bus drivers will purchase hats and gloves for their charges, a homemade gift made with
love brings warmth even during the coldest winter days.
4 ．What did Patricia Reitz do for the students
A ．She gives away hats to students on her bus for free.
B ．She made hats for students in exchange for gifts.
C ．She gives away hats to students with low charges.
D ．She made crocheting items on school bus
5 ．What do students get along with a hat from Miss Patty
A ．The way to make friends. B ．The chance to help others.
C ．Love and warmth in cold winter. D ．A different experience on school bus.
6 ．Which of the following can best describe Miss Patty
A ．Generous and absent-minded. B ．Addicted and energetic.
C ．Calm and warm-hearted. D ．Loving and determined.
7 ．What can we learn from Paragraph 5
A ．Students have no choice of the hats.
B ．Making the hats demands great efforts.
C ．The hats are of the same color and style.
D ．Reitz has no intention of continuing the tradition.
C
For nearly ten years, I have spent my Monday evenings attending rehearsals for my amateur choir(合唱队). Mondays are not my favourite day, and I often arrive in a bad mood, but by the end of the rehearsal, I usually feel energized. The singing does me good. So do the people. With a few exceptions, I would not describe my fellow
choir members as close friends. We exchange brief chats, smiles and jokes-—but that is enough for me to come
away feeling a little better about the world.
There is no choir practice now, and won’t be for a long time. I miss it. In lockdown, I do not feel short on emotional support, but I do feel short of friendly faces and casual conversations. Another way of putting this is
that I miss my “weak ties” .
In 1973, Mark Granovetter, a sociology professor at Stanford University, published a paper entitled “The Strength of Weak Ties”. Until then, scholars had assumed that an individual’s well-being depended mainly on the quality of relationships with close friends and family. Granovetter showed that quantity mattered, too. He categorized a person’s social world as “strong ties” and “weak ties”. His central insight was that for new ideas, weak ties are more important to us than strong ones. As Granovetter pointed out, the people whom we often talk to swim in the same pool of information as we do. We depend on acquaintances whom we see infrequently to
bring us news of opportunities.
This was the idea behind the Pixar building, the design of which was overseen by Steve Jobs. The building has a large central hall through which employees from different departments have to pass several times a day. Jobs wanted colleagues to bump into each other and shoot the breeze(闲聊). He believed in the power of these
seemingly random conversations to fire up creativity.
Encounters with weak ties can be good for our mental well-being, too. Gillian Sandstrom, a senior lecturer in psychology at the University of Essex, investigated the extent to which people get happiness from weak-tie relationships. She found that on days when a person had a greater number of casual interactions with weak ties-say, a local barista( 咖啡师), a neighbour, a member of yoga class-they experienced more happiness and a
greater sense of belonging.
For these reasons, we should continue to find ways to cultivate weak-tie relationships, during lockdown and
beyond. Sandstrom adds that we can also engage in more weak-tie-style interactions with our strong ties. The goal
is to let others know that you are thinking of them without asking for a great deal of time, energy or attention.
8 ．What can we learn about the author from the article
A ．She has been a singer from an early age.
B ．She finds her Mondays quite difficult.
C ．She barely knows most of her fellow choir members.
D ．She has trouble maintaining friendships during lockdown.
9 ．According to Mark Granovetter, it’s less likely for you to get new ideas from your strong ties mainly because
you tend to .
A ．have the same concerns B ．avoid conflicts of interests
C ．see each other too frequently D ．be exposed to similar facts and ideas
10 ．According to the article, building networks of weak-tie relationships can NOT .
A ．make you feel connected B ．improve your social skills
C ．put you in a cheerful mood D ．provide you with inspiration
11 ．According to the article, which of the following statements is true
A ．It’s important to regularly interact with all of our friends.
B ．It’s difficult to achieve a balance between strong- and weak-tie friendships.
C ．It’s unnecessary to spend a lot of time strengthening friendship with our strong ties.
D ．It’s a pity that people have had to shrink their social networks during lockdown.
D
All the wisdom of the ages and all the stories that have delighted mankind for centuries are easily and cheaply available to all of us within the covers of books. The most unfortunate people in the world are those who
have never discovered how satisfying it is to read good books.
Reading is the pleasure of the mind, which means that it is a little like a sport: your eagemess and knowledge and quickness make you a good reader. Reading is fun, not because the writer is telling you something, but because it makes your mind work. Your own imagination works along with the author’s or even goes beyond his. Your experience,compared with his, brings you to the same or different conclusions, and your ideas develop as
you understand his.
Every book stands by itself, like a one-family house, but books in a library are like houses in a city. Although they are separate, together they all add up to something. They are connected with each other and with other cities. Books influence each other, they link the past, the present and the future and have their own generations, like families. Wherever you start reading, you connect yourself with one of the families or ideas, and in the long run,
you not only find out about the world and the people in it but also you find out about yourself, too.
Reading can only be fun if you expect it to be. If you concentrate on books somebody tells you “you ought” to read, you probably won’t have fun. But if you put down a book you don’t like and try another till you find one that means something to you, and then relax yourself with it, you will almost certainly have a good time and if
you become, as a result of reading, better, wiser, kinder, or more gentle, you won’t have suffered during the
process.
12 ．What is reading in the writer’s opinion
A ．Reading is a process of listening to the author.
B ．Reading is a process of accepting the author’s ideas.
C ．Reading is a process of communicating with the author and yourself.
D ．Reading is a process of judging the author’s work.
13 ．What kind of people are the most unfortunate in the writer’s eyes
A ．Those who don’t have any books. B ．Those who can’t enjoy reading books.
C ．Those who don’t like books. D ．Those who read too many books.
14 ．What kind of books should you read in order to find pleasure in reading
A ．Books written by famous writers. B ．Books written in humor style.
C ．Books which you like to read. D ．Books recommended by your friends.
15 ．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A ．To show the importance of reading.
B ．To tell us how to make reading more effective.
C ．To tell us how to read.
D ．To show the pleasure of reading.
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to stay focused in class
Being relaxed during class is a bad habit, and it is also bad to your grade. Focusing in class not only proves to teachers that you are a capable student but also shows that you have the ability to control yourself, which will be
very important.
16 . No matter how much you want to sit with your friends during the class, try your best to avoid
them. Talking with friends around you is not going to give you the focus in class. This will get you into trouble.
Look at teacher and make eye contact. Your teacher is not just standing up there talking. 17 .Show the teacher that he or she has your full attention by looking them in the eye. This person should have your full
attention at all times during class.
Take notes. By taking notes, you’ll be able to “get into” the lesson. Write down key points as your teacher speaks. And listen to the key phrases such as “This is important” “This is the main idea” “This will be the test”
etc. 18 .
Get involved in class discussions. This is a wonderful way to become a more focused, successful student.
When a teacher asks a question, offer to answer it. 19 .These show the teacher that you are listening
carefully during the class.
Ask a question. 20 .This really shows your teacher that you want to be better, and can recognize the
things you are having difficulty with. Chances are that someone else in the class has the same question (and was
too afraid to ask!). They’ll be relieved, and so will you.
A ．Avoid sitting with friends.
B ．This can help you listen more attentively.
C ．If he or she ask for an opinion, share your own.
D ．He or she is trying to give you a good education.
E ．Talking with friends will make you lose interest in class.
F ．If you don’t understand something, never be afraid to ask.
G ．The more quickly you answer, the more attention you pay.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One morning, the door to the classroom opened and a new teacher, Mrs. Cosby, walked in. She looked too 21 to ever deal with us. And we sure gave her a 22 time, but she never lost her temper. And then came the last day of the first month she had been our teacher. She 23 some papers the moment she entered the
classroom. We 24 the worst—a test. But no, it was something that totally 25 us.
Mrs. Cosby asked us to come to the front of the class, and gave each of us a piece of 26 , on which she had written what the student with 27 had been good at during the last month. You see no one ever 28 us. No one ever liked us. We were constantly told how good-for-nothing we were. And here, suddenly, was someone who had been dealing with us closely for a month. We made things as difficult for her as we could. But
still she could find something wonderful to say about each of us.
Mrs. Cosby did this every month from then on. Each month we got a piece of paper that said our strengths. She commented (评论) on my courage, how punctual (守时的) I was, and how well I did if I wanted to settle arguments. Her attitude influenced our class. We did not want to 29 her feelings anymore. We actually
started to 30 .
And then came the day of our 31 . Mrs. Cosby hugged us and told us with tears in her eyes how
32 she was of us. Then she 33 each one of us a book. All the encouraging words through the years
were there, in hard covers.
She said, “I want you each to keep this book and if ever during your life you feel unworthy, 34
this and read how good you are. You can be anything you want to be 35 you believe in yourself. Promise
me you’ll remember that”
21 ．A ．kind B ．shocked C ．worried D ．ordinary
22 ．A ．happy B ．hard C ．good D ．valuable
23 ．A ．picked up B ．took out C ．paid for D ．came across
24 ．A ．hoped B ．needed C ．feared D ．dreamed
25 ．A ．bored B ．surprised C ．excited D ．satisfied
26 ．A ．wood B ．equipment C ．paper D ．bread
27 ．A ．abilities B ．interests C ．actions D ．problems
28 ．A ．forgot about B ．played with C ．believed in D ．looked for
29 ．A ．understand B ．know C ．hurt D ．read
30 ．A ．study B ．play C ．fight D．joke
31 ．A ．success B ．failure C ．graduation D ．competition
32 ．A ．tired B ．proud C ．confident D ．afraid
33 ．A ．promised B ．bought C ．handed D ．suggested
34 ．A ．remember B ．change C ．open D ．borrow
35 ．A ．even if B ．as long as C ．so that D ．as though
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Making friends is a skill. Before you make friends, you have to decide 36 you want to be your
friends. Most people like to have friends who like to do the same kind of things as they do.
Of all methods, the 37 (quick) way to make friends is to smile. When you smile, people think you are friendly to them and easy to get on 38 . It may not be easy to smile at first, but remember most people will stay away from 39 angry-looking face. To talk with others is a good way to make friends, too. 40 (start) a talk with someone, you can say something nice about him. Think about how great you feel when
someone says something nice to you. Doesn’t it make you want to keep 41 (talk) to that person
Ask your new friends some questions about 42 (they). Who are their favorite singers Where do they live What do they 43 (usual) do after school There are all good 44 (topic) to start a talk. Make sure you have something to add to the talk, too. When someone 45 (ask) you a question, you’d
better have an answer for him. Remember that nothing will stop a talk more quickly than a shrug (耸肩) for an
answer.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分 40 分）
第一节（满分 15 分）
46．假定你是李华， 你的英国朋友 Jack 刚刚升入高一，但他一时无法适应新的校园生活， 写信向你征求建
议。请你就此问题给他回一封信，内容主要包括：
1. 表示理解：实际上很多新生都会对高中生活感到不安，因此不必过多担心。
2. 提出建议：
(1)报名参加课外活动，结交新朋友；
(2)做好日程安排，关注学习；
(3)......
3. 表达希望和祝愿。
要求： 100 词左右，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack,
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分 25 分）
47 ．阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Do you forget to bring your homework to school ” my sixth-grade math teacher asked. I nodded my head and said in a low voice, “Yes, sir.” What a mistake I had made! I had completed my math homework. But when I
headed for school, I forgot to put it into my schoolbag. Now my homework is still lying on the desk at home.
“You will have a get a zero then,” math teacher said. I was shocked. I had never received a zero in a math class before. But the school had rules, and the teacher had to let everyone follow them. I was immediately worried about my final math average, which was based on my homework and the tests. Would I get a C or even a D at the
end of the term If so, what should I do
My next class was a gym class. During that gym class, my mind was affected by the math homework and I was worried about my final math average. So I failed to devote my attention to my gym teacher, Ms. Brown’s
direction. And clearly, I was sad. I guessed that Ms. Brown found there was something wrong with me. When it
was near the end of the gym class, she walked to me.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
She sat down to comfort me.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
I felt relaxed and decided to work harder at math.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________
参考答案：
1 ．A 2 ．C 3 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个在纽约可以和孩子一起享受周末的儿童博物馆。
1．细节理解题。根据文章“Children’s Museum of Manhattan”部分中的“This nearly 40, 000-square-foot museum
makes learning about culture and science an enjoyable experience for kids. It also hosts classes and workshops
which are all designed with the latest child-development research in mind.(这个近4 万平方英尺的博物馆使孩子 们学习文化和科学成为一种愉快的经历。它还举办课程和讲习班， 所有这些都是根据最新的儿童发展研究
而设计的。 )”可知，在这个博物馆，孩子们可以愉快地学习文化和科学。故选 A。
2．细节理解题。根据文章 DiMenna Children’s Museum 部分中的“Exhibitions and programs at this kid-focused New-York Historical Society transport children back through 350 years of U. S. history.(这个以儿童为中心的纽 约历史协会的展览和节目带着孩子们回顾了 350 年的美国历史。 )”可知，这个博物馆将带领孩子们回顾美
国 350 年的历史。故选 C。
3．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“This museum is especially designed for kids so that they can travel around the art world.(这个博物馆是专门为孩子们设计的， 这样他们就可以周游艺术世界了。)”可知， 儿童艺术博物馆
是专门设计给孩子们周游艺术世界的。故选 A。
4 ．A 5 ．C 6 ．D 7 ．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。校车司机 Patricia Reitz 为坐车的每个孩子针织帽子， 这种用爱制作的帽子在
寒冷的冬天为孩子们带来了温暖。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段“Miss Patty—the name students, teachers and parents call her—has given away more
than 7,000 hats in the nearly three decades she worked for the Clarence Central School District in New York,
reported WGRZ.(据 WGRZ 报道， Patty 小姐——学生、老师和家长都叫她这个名字——在纽约克拉伦斯中
央学区工作的近三十年里，已经送出了 7 000 多顶帽子)”和第三段中的“Any student that has been on Miss
Patty’s bus gets a hat, and they also get a friend. Miss Patty is one of the favorites.(任何坐过 Patty 小姐的校车的 学生都会得到一顶帽子，他们还会得到一个朋友。帕蒂小姐是最受欢迎的朋友之一)”可知， Patricia Reitz
为自己校车上的学生们免费送帽子。故选 A。
5 ．细节理解题。根据最后一段“While other school bus drivers will purchase hats and gloves for their charges, a homemade gift made with love brings warmth even during the coldest winter days.(虽然其他校车司机会免费购 买帽子和手套， 但用爱制作的自制礼物即使在最冷的冬天也能带来温暖)”可推知， 学生从 Patty 小姐那里得
到帽子的同时，不仅能够用帽子在冬天保暖，也得到了来自 Patty 小姐的关爱。故选 C。
6 ．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘She cares about her students,’ third grade teacher Deborah Bosworth told
WGRZ.(‘她关心她的学生， ’三年级老师 Deborah Bosworth 告诉 WGRZ 。)”可知， Patty 小姐关心乘坐自己
校车的学生，由此可推测出，她是一个充满爱的人。根据第五段中的“‘I’m going to do it until I can’t do it
anymore,’ she said.(她说：‘我会一直做下去，直到我再也做不了为止。’)”可知，她会一直为学生制作帽子，
直到自己再也做不了为止，由此可推测出，她是一个有决心的人。故选 D。
7 ．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Despite the amount of work involved, Reitz has no intention of stopping.(尽 管涉及大量的工作， 但 Reitz 并没有停止的打算)”可知， 制作帽子涉及大量的工作， 也就是需要付出许多努
力。故选 B。
8 ．B 9 ．D 10 ．B 11 ．D
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文， 作者结合自己的切身经历和几个具体例子告诉我们泛泛之交真的很重要。 8 ．细节理解题。根据第一段“Mondays are not my favorite day, and I often arrive in a bad mood.( 星期一不是
我最喜欢的一天，我常常情绪低落。 )”可知，作者发现周一工作日很困难，故选 B。
9 ．细节理解题。根据第三段“His central insight was that for new ideas, weak ties are more important to us than strong ones. As Granovetter pointed out, the people whom we often talk to swim in the same pool of information as we do. We depend on acquaintances whom we see infrequently to bring us news of opportunities.( 他的核心 观点是， 对于新思想来说， 泛泛之交比铁哥们或好闺蜜更重要。正如格兰诺维特所指出的， 我们经常与之 交谈的人与我们在同一个信息池中畅游。我们依靠不常见面的熟人给我们带来机会的消息。 )”可知，格兰 诺维特认为你不太可能从铁哥们或好闺蜜那里获得新想法， 主要是因为你往往会和他（她） 们有类似的事
实和想法，故选 D。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Jobs wanted colleagues to bump into each other and shoot the breeze(闲聊). He
believed in the power of these seemingly random conversations to fire up creativity.(乔布斯希望同事们能互相
碰撞， 畅所欲言。他相信这些看似随意的谈话可以激发创造力。 )”可知， 弱关系能够激发创造力， 故 D 选 项是正确的；同时根据倒数第二段中“”Encounters with weak ties can be good for our mental well-being, too. (与 弱关系的接触对我们的心理健康也有好处。 )可知，与弱关系的接触对我们的心理健康也有好处，故 C 选
项也是正确的；同时根据倒数第二段中“She found that on days when a person had a greater number of casual
interactions with weak ties-say, a local barista(咖啡师), a neighbour, a member of yoga class-they experienced
more happiness and a greater sense of belonging.( 她发现，当一个人与较弱关系的人—— 比如当地的咖啡师、 邻居、瑜伽班的成员——有更多的随意互动时，他们会体验到更多的幸福感和归属感。 )”可知，弱关系可 以让人有更多的归属感， 故 A 选项也是正确的。B 选项“improve your social skills(提高你的社交技能)”文中
并未提及。故选 B。
11 ．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“For these reasons, we should continue to find ways to cultivate weak-tie
relationships, during lockdown and beyond.(出于这些原因，我们应该继续寻找方法，在封锁期间和之后培养 弱纽带关系。 )”可知，人们必须在封锁期间减少强关系，即与熟人的联络，而要继续寻找方法培养弱关系
即人们不得不在封锁期间缩小他们的社交网络。故选 D。
12 ．C 13 ．B 14 ．C 15 ．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要阐述了阅读的乐趣， 即阅读是一种让思维活跃的乐趣， 可以帮助人
们了解世界和自我。同时，文章也提醒读者，阅读应该是一种自由和愉悦的体验，而不是被迫的任务。
12 ．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Reading is fun, not because the writer is telling you something, but because it
makes your mind work. Your own imagination works along with the author’s or even goes beyond his. Your
experience, compared with his, brings you to the same or different conclusions, and your ideas develop as you
understand his.( 阅读之所以有趣，不是因为作者在告诉你什么，而是因为它让你的大脑运转起来。你自己 的想象力与作者的想象力一起发挥作用， 甚至超越作者的想象力。你的经验， 与他的比较， 使你得到相同 或不同的结论， 你的想法在你理解他的过程中发展。)”以及第三段中“Wherever you start reading, you connect
yourself with one of the families or ideas, and in the long run, you not only find out about the world and the
people in it but also you find out about yourself, too.(无论你从哪里开始阅读， 你都会将自己与其中一个家庭或 思想联系起来，从长远来看，你不仅会了解这个世界和其中的人们，还会了解你自己了。 )”可知，作者认 为阅读的过程不仅可以与作者之间沟通， 也有助于发展自己的理解过程即阅读是一个与作者和你自己交流
的过程。故选 C。
13 ．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The most unfortunate people in the world are those who have never discovered how satisfying it is to read good books.(世界上最不幸的人是那些从未发现读好书是多么令人满足的人。 )”可
知，作者认为不幸的人是那些从未发现读好书是多么令人满足的人。故选 B。
14 ．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Reading can only be fun if you expect it to be. (阅读只有在你期望它有趣 的时候才会有趣。 )”以及“But if you put down a book you don’t like and try another till you find one that means something to you, and then relax yourself with it, you will almost certainly have a goodtime(但是，如果你放下一 本不喜欢的书， 尝试另一本， 直到你找到一本对你有意义的书， 然后放松自己， 你几乎肯定会度过一段美
好的时光)”可知，作者认为读自己喜欢的书或者自己觉得有意义的书，这样阅读才会有乐趣。故选 C。
15 ．推理判断题。根据第一段中“All the wisdom of the ages and all the stories that have delighted mankind for centuries are easily and cheaply available to all of us within the covers of books. (所有时代的智慧和所有几个世 纪以来使人类高兴的故事，都可以在书的封面上轻松而廉价地获得。 )”可知，作者认为古人的智慧都可以 在书本中得到；同时根据第二段中“Reading is fun, not because the writer is telling you something, but because it
makes your mind work. Your own imagination works along with the author’s or even goes beyond his. Your
experience, compared with his, brings you to the same or different conclusions, and your ideas develop as you
understand his.( 阅读之所以有趣，不是因为作者在告诉你什么，而是因为它让你的大脑运转起来。你自己 的想象力与作者的想象力一起发挥作用， 甚至超越作者的想象力。你的经验， 与他的比较， 使你得到相同 或不同的结论，你的想法在你理解他的过程中发展。 )”可知，作者认为阅读的过程不仅可以与作者之间沟 通，也有助于发展自己的理解过程即阅读是一个与作者和你自己交流的过程；以及通读全文，作者阐述了
阅读给作者带来的乐趣，故文章的目的是建议读者们读书，展示给读者们阅读的乐趣。故选 D。
16 ．A 17 ．D 18 ．B 19 ．C 20 ．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文，简要列举了几条如何在课堂上保持注意力集中的建议。
16 ．设空处为本段的主题句。根据后文“No matter how much you want to sit with your friends during the class, try your best to avoid them. Talking with friends around you is not going to give you the focus in class. This will get you into trouble.(无论你多么想在课堂上和你的朋友坐在一起，尽量避免他们。和身边的朋友聊天不会 让你在课堂上集中注意力。这会给你带来麻烦的)”可知，本段主要讲课堂上尽量不要与朋友坐在一起，因
为与周围的朋友交谈会分散注意力。故 A 选项“避免和朋友坐在一起”符合语境，故选 A。
17．根据上文“Look at teacher and make eye contact. Your teacher is not just standing up there talking.(看着老师， 眼神交流。你的老师不只是站在那里说话)”可知，要跟老师进行眼神交流。设空处顺接上文，进一步说明 课堂上老师不仅仅是在讲话，他们其实是在努力让自己的课程得到学生的接受，故 D 选项“他或她想给你
一个好的教育”符合语境，故选 D。
18 ．根据上文“Take notes. By taking notes, you’ll be able to “get into” the lesson.(做笔记。通过记笔记，你就 能“进入”课堂)”可知课堂上要记笔记，记下老师所讲的重点，设空处置于短尾，总结上文说明这样做的好
处，即有利于更专心地听讲，故 B 选项“这可以帮助你更专心地听”符合语境，故选 B。
19 ．根据上文“Get involved in class discussions. This is a wonderful way to become a more focused, successful student. When a teacher asks a question, offer to answer it.(参与课堂讨论。这是成为一个更专注、更成功的学 生的好方法。当老师提问时，主动回答)”可知，本段主题是要加入课堂讨论，即当老师提出问题时，要主
动回答。如果他或她想知道大家的观点，要敢于分享自己的想法，故 C 选项“如果他或她征求你的意见，
分享你自己的”符合语境，故选 C。
20．根据上文“Ask a question.(提问)”以及后文“This really shows your teacher that you want to be better, and can recognize the things you are having difficulty with.(这真的向你的老师表明你想要做得更好，并且可以认识到 你有困难的事情)”可知， 本段主要讲课堂上要敢于问问题， 本句承接主题句， 又引起下文， 故 F 选项“如果
你有不明白的地方，不要害怕问”符合语境，故选 F。
21 ．A 22 ．B 23 ．B 24 ．C 25 ．B 26 ．C 27 ．D 28 ．C 29 ．C 30 ．A
31 ．C 32 ．B 33 ．C 34 ．C 35 ．B
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的老师 Cosby 太太影响了作者和同学们的故事。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她看起来太和善了， 以至于管不住我们。A. kind 友好的；和蔼的；B. shocked 震惊的；C. worried 担忧的；D. ordinary 普通的。由上文“too”和下文“to ever deal with us”可知，她管不住我
们，是因为她看起来很和善， too...to do 固定搭配，意为“太……而不能 ……”，故选 A。
22 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们确实为难她，但她从不发脾气。A. happy 高兴的；B. hard 困难的； C. good 好的； D. valuable 有价值的。由下文“but she never lost her temper”可知，前后是转折关系，虽然我
们为难她，但是她从不发脾气， give sb. a hard time 固定搭配，意为“为难某人” ，故选 B。
23 ．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意： 她一进教室就拿出了一些试卷。 A. picked up 捡起来； B. took out 拿
出来；发泄； C. paid for 偿还； D. came across 偶遇。由下文“some papers the moment she entered the
classroom.”可知，此处指拿出一些试卷，故选 B。
24 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们害怕最坏的情况——测试。 A. hoped 希望； B. needed 需要； C. feared
害怕； D. dreamed 梦想着。由下文“worst—a test”可知，学生们害怕测试，故选 C。
25 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，这不是测试，这是一件让我们大吃一惊的事。 A. bored 无聊的； B. surprised 惊讶的；C. excited 兴奋的；D. satisfied 满意的。由下文描述内容可知， Cosby 太太叫学生到教 室前面来， 给了每个人一张纸， 上面写着每个有问题的学生上个月擅长的东西， 这让所有学生都感到惊讶，
故选 B。
26 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意： Cosby 太太叫我们到教室前面来，给了我们每个人一张纸，上面写着有问 题的学生上个月擅长的东西。A. wood 木头；B. equipment 设备；C. paper 纸；D. bread 面包。由下文“on which
she had written”可知，在纸上写着，故选 C。
27 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意： Cosby 太太叫我们到教室前面来，给了我们每个人一张纸，上面写着这个 有问题的学生上个月擅长的东西。 A. abilities 能力； B. interests 兴趣； C. actions 行动； D. problems 问题。
由下文“No one ever liked us. ”可知，没有人喜欢的学生应该是有问题的学生，故选 D。
28 ．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：没人相信过我们。 A. forgot about 忘记； B. played with 与……玩耍；
C. believed in 信任； D. looked for 寻找。由下文“No one ever liked us.”和上文提到的有问题的学生可知，此
处指没有人相信有问题的这些学生，故选 C。
29 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不想再伤害她的感情了。 A. understand 理解； B. know 知道； C. hurt 伤害； D. read 阅读。由上文“Her attitude influenced our class”可知， Cosby 太太的态度影响了班里的学生，
所以他们不想再伤害她，故选 C。
30 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上我们开始学习了。 A. study 学习；B. play 玩耍；C. fight 斗争；D. joke
开玩笑。上文提到 Cosby 太太的态度影响了班里的学生，他们不想再伤害她，所以开始学习，故选 A。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后就到了我们毕业的那一天。：A. success 成功；B. failure 失败；C. graduation 毕业；D. competition 竞争。由下文“Mrs. Cosby hugged us and told us with tears in her eyes”All the encouraging words through the years were there, in hard covers. (这些年来所有鼓舞人心的话都在那里， ——硬皮书里。 )”
可知，此处指毕业这一天，故选 C。
32 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意： Cosby 太太拥抱了我们，含着眼泪告诉我们她是多么为我们感到骄傲。 A. tired 疲倦的；B. proud 骄傲的；C. confident 自信的；D. afraid 害怕的。由上文“Mrs. Cosby hugged us and told us with tears in her eyes how”可知， Cosby 太太拥抱了学生们， 告诉他们自己为他们感到骄傲， 故选 B。 33 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她递给我们每人一本书。 A. promised 承诺； B. bought 买； C. handed
递给； D. suggested 建议。由下文“each one of us a book.”可知，此处指递给每人一本书，故选 C。
34 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意： 她说：“我希望你们每个人都能保留这本书，如果在生活中你们觉得自己
没有价值，打开这本书，读一读你们是多么的优秀。 ”A. remember 记住； B. change 改变； C. open 打开；
D. borrow 借。由下文“read how good you are”可知，打开书，读里面的内容，故选 C。
35．考查连词词义辨析。句意：只要你相信自己， 你可以成为任何你想成为的人。A. even if 即使；B. as long as 只要； C. so that 因此； D. as though 好像。由下文“you believe in yourself”可知，只要你相信自己，你可
以成为任何你想成为的人，故选 B。
36．who/whom 37．quickest 38．with 39．an 40．To start 41．talking 42．themselves
43 ．usually 44 ．topics 45 ．asks
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些交朋友的技巧。
36 ．考查宾语从句。句意：在你交朋友之前，你必须决定你想和谁做朋友。在宾语从句中缺少宾语，根据 “you want to be your friends”可知，此处是指决定你想和谁做朋友，所以应用连接代词 who 或 whom 表示
“谁” 。故填 who/whom。
37 ．考查最高级。句意：在所有的方法中，最快的交朋友的方法是微笑。根据“Of all methods”可知，此处
是指三者或三者以上的比较，所以应用形容词最高级 quickest 表示“最快的”作定语。故填 quickest。
38 ．考查介词。句意：当你微笑时，人们认为你对他们很友好，很容易相处。 get on with 意为“相处” ，为
固定搭配，所以此处应用介词 with。故填 with。
39 ．考查冠词。句意： 一开始可能不容易微笑，但记住大多数人会远离一张生气的脸。 face 意为“脸” ，为
可数名词，此处为第一次出现，所以应用不定冠词表示泛指。 angry 的开头发音为元音。故填 an。
40．考查动词不定式。句意：要和某人开始谈话， 你可以说他的好话。根据“you can say something nice about him”可知， 此处是指为了和某人开始谈话， 所以应用to do 不定式作目的状语。句首首字母应大写。故填 To
start。
41 ．考查动名词。句意：这会不会让你想继续和那个人说话？keep doing 意为“继续做某事” ，为固定搭配，
所以此处应用动名词作宾语。故填 talking。
42 ．考查反身代词。句意：问你的新朋友一些关于他们自己的问题。根据“your new friends”可知，此处是
指关于他们自己的问题，所以应用反身代词 themselves 表示“他们自己”作宾语。故填 themselves。
43 ．考查副词。句意：他们通常放学后做什么？修饰动词应用副词 usually 表示“通常”作状语。故填
usually。
44 ．考查名词复数。句意：这些都是开始谈话的好话题。 topic 意为“话题” ，为可数名词，在 all 后应用复
数形式。故填 topics。
45 ．考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：当有人问你问题时，你最好给他一个答案。此处描述客观规律，
所以应用一般现在时。主语 someone 为第三人称单数。故填 asks。
46 ．参考范文
Dear Jack,
I am sorry to hear that you’re having trouble adjusting to your high school life. Actually, many freshmen are
confused about high school life, so don’t worry about it too much. I’m writing to offer you some useful advice.
First, I recommend that you sign up for extra-curricular activities which can help you make more new friends. In this way you will feel less lonely and your school life will become more colorful and interesting.
Second, you should make a good schedule and focus on your studies. As a teenager, studying hard is our
responsibility. Finally, it is a good idea to read some good novels, which can make you feel happy.
I hope my suggestions will be helpful for you and you will have a good time every day.
Yours,
Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一份信给英国朋友 Jack，因为他刚刚升入高一，无法适应
新的校园生活，由此写信对他进行安慰并提出建议。
【详解】 1.词汇积累
伤心： sorry→ sad
提供： offer → provide
建议： advice→ suggestion/tip
有益处的： helpful→ beneficial
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句：
原句： I’m writing to offer you some useful advice.
拓展句： I’m writing to offer you some useful advice, which is listed as follows.
【点睛】【高分句型 1】
First, I recommend that you sign up for extra-curricular activities which can help you make more new friends.
（运用了 that 引导宾语从句，同时使用 which 引导的定语从句）
【高分句型 2】
As a teenager, studying hard is our responsibility. （运用了动名词作主语的结构）
47 ． She sat down to comfort me. “Are you okay ” she asked. I told her about my trouble. Then Ms. Brown
said to me, “We all make mistakes.” She told me what happened to her several days ago. I was surprised that she also made mistakes since I had thought she was perfect. She told me the world didn’t end because I got a zero in a
math class and encouraged me to study hard.
I felt relaxed and decided to work harder at math. In math classes, I paid more attention to the teacher’s
lectures. After reaching home after school, I would do the math homework more carefully. And I left notes to
remind me not to forget to bring my homework to school again. At the end of that term, based on my good daily performances and test scores, my final math average was an A. This experience taught me a lesson: as long as we
learn from mistakes, we’re making progress.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开， 讲述了作者在一次数学课上忘记带作业而得了零分， 这意味着基于家庭 作业和考试的期末评分会是 C 或 D，作者很伤心，以至于在接下来的体育课上没能专心听讲，体育老师
Brown 夫人发现了作者有问题，所以体育课快结束的时候，她向作者走来。
【详解】 1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“她坐下来安慰我。 ”可知，第一段可描写体育老师安慰鼓励作者。
②由第二段首句内容“我感到轻松， 决定更加努力地学习数学。 ”可知， 第二段可描写作者受到鼓励后更加
努力，最后数学取得了好成绩和作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：作者向老师倾诉——老师分享自己的经历鼓励作者——努力学习——取得好成绩——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①结束： end/come to an end
②鼓励： encourage/inspire
③到达： reach/get to
情绪类
①惊讶： surprised/astonished
②轻松： relaxed/relieved
【点睛】[高分句型 1] I was surprised that she also made mistakes since I had thought she was perfect. （由连接
词 that 引导的宾语从句和 since 引导的原因状语从句）
[高分句型 2] This experience taught me a lesson: as long as we learn from mistakes, we’re making progress.
（由 as long as 引导条件状语从句）