Unit 9 I like music that I can dance to. 语法：定语从句 (共68张PPT)2023-2024学年九年级英语全册同步精品课堂（人教版）

(共68张PPT)
Unit 9
like music that I can dance to
定语从句精讲精练　
Situation
Pay attention to the sentences.
关系词who/which/that
引导的定语从句
Observe the underlined parts.
I love music that/which I can sing along with.
He prefers groups that/which play quiet and slow songs.
I prefer movies that/which give me something to think about.
She likes musicians who play different kinds of music.
定语从句
01
学会分析句子成分
学会定语从句的关键
主语 宾语 定语 状语
主语
一句话中，行为的主导着，即该句话中，动作的执行者。常放于句首。
宾语
定语
状语
主语行为的对象，即动作的承受者，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。
用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。
这里指该句话中，动作所发生的时间或地点，即时间状语或地点状语
The teacher with glasses taught English in that school last term.
主语
定语
宾语
地点状语
时间
状语
定语
了解定语
定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。在句子当中起限定作用。
eg: Mary is a beautiful girl.（形容词作定语）
定语从句的概念
　　在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面，引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。
什么是定语从句
定语从句的分类
　　根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去；非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。
定语从句结构
先行词+关系词+句子
关系词：引导定语从句。
The man who/that is speaking is zhong nanshan.
先行词：被定语从句修饰的词。
关系代词：
关系副词：
人：that,who,whom
物：whose,which
where,when,why
定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词（在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语）和关系副词（在定语从句中作状语），常见的关系代词包括that， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
关系代词
02
She likes musicians.
Musicians play different kinds of music.
如何把两个句子合并成一个句子呢？
who play different kinds of music.
定语从句
先行词
She likes musicians
关系词
修饰musicians
I prefer movies.
Movies can cheer me up.
如何把两个句子合并成一个句子呢？
that can cheer me up.
定语从句
先行词
I prefer movies
关系词
修饰movies
It is a book.
The book can tell the meanings of the words.
如何把两个句子合并成一个句子呢？
which can tell the meanings of the words.
定语从句
先行词
It is a book
关系词
修饰book
who play different kinds of music.
定语从句
先行词
She likes musicians
关系词
定语从句
先行词
I prefer movies
关系词
that can cheer me up.
which can tell the meanings of the words.
定语从句
先行词
It is a book
关系词
关系词：引导定语从句，在定语从句中作成份。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的词。
定语从句：位于先行词后面，由关系词引导，在句中相当于一个形容词，起定语作用的句子。
Attributive clause
先行词是人
关系词
Tom is the boy (who/whom/that) we saw in the shop.
Attributive clause
先行词是人
关系词
当先行词是人时，关系词用who/that/whom。
His father is the person who/that will be most unhappy.
在从句中作主语,不可省略。
在从句中作宾语，可省略。
It successfully shows the rich culture which/that
makes Beijing so famous.
Look at the photos (that/which) I took on my trip.
Attributive clause
关系词
先行词是物
先行词是物
关系词
Attributive clause
当先行词是物时,关系词用which/that。
关系词在从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。
在从句中作宾语，可省略。
在从句中作主语，不可省略。
1. He says he’s the man ______ bought these books.
2. The man ____ I served was wearing a hat.
3. Is this the man ____ you served
4. I love music __________ I can sing along with.
5. Xu Fei prefers groups __________ play quiet and slow songs.
6. I prefer movies _________ give me something to think about.
7. Carmen likes musicians _____ play different kinds of music.
who
who
that/which
that/which
that/which
who
that
go
Ready
whose 在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词与 whose 后的名词为所属关系。 whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 of which互换使用。
This is the book whose cover is blue.
This is the book of which the cover is blue.
词 形 先行词 在句中作用
关 系 代 词 that 人或物 主,宾语
which 物 主,宾语
who 人 主,宾语
whom 人 宾语
whose (=of whom/ of which) 人或物 定语
关系代词用法
定语从句——
who, which, that!
关系代词要记住：
who指代人，
which指代物，
that把他们都代替！
关系代词作从句主语，
谓语动词要与先行词一致！
关系代词作从句宾语，
省略、省略、省略！
定语从句的特殊用法，只能用that的情况。
1: 定语从句所修饰的先行词为不定代词，如something，everything , nothing, none等时，只能用that。
eg: We know nothing that happened yesterday.
2: 定语从句所修饰的先行词被the only, the same, all, little, few, last, no, just等修饰时，只能用that。
egThis is the same bike that I lost.
3. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that。
eg:I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
定语从句的特殊用法，只能用that的情况。
4. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，只能用that。
eg:He was the first person that passed the exam.
5. 以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that。
eg: Who is the girl that is crying
限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。
非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，只是对先
行词作些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句，写时往往逗号分开。
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
My sister, who is twenty, works in a bank.
The man who came here yesterday has come again.
1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday.
A. that B. who C. whom D. this
2. The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher.
A. whom B. which C. who D. /
3. The girl _____ you saw in the street is Mary.
A. that B. whose C. which D. as
A
C
A
Exercise
Exercise
4. Is this the factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday
A. the one B. which C. where D. whom
5. Is this factory _____ we worked five years ago
A.that B.where C.which D./
6. The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.
A. which B. that C. / D. it
B
B
B
关系副词
03
定语从句中的关系副词：
when, where, why
词 形 先行词 在句中作用
关 系 副 词 when (=介词+which) 时间 状语
where (=介词+which) 地点 状语
how 方式 状语
why (=for which) 原因 状语
when在定语从句中作时间状语，其先行词表示时间，相当于“介词+ 关系代词（which）”。
I’ll never forget the day when I joined the league.
on which
where在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词表示地点，相当于“介词+ 关系代词（which）”。
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
in which
why在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词是原因，相当于“介词for + 关系代词（which）”。
Do you know the reason why she was late
It rained heavily, for which he was late for the class.
课堂练习
04
1. —Do you know the man ________ is talking with your father
—Yes, he’s our headmaster.
A. he B. who C. which D. whom
2. Is this the river ________ I can swim？
A. which B. in which C. that D. the one
3. This is the best hotel in the city _______I know.
A. where B. which C. that D. it
B
B
C
一、单项选择
4. Can you lend me the dictionary ______ the other day？
A. that you bought B. you bought it
C. that you bought it D. which you bought it
5. Anyone ______ with what I said may put up you hands.
A. which agrees B. who agree
C. who agrees D. which agree
A
C
6. My watch is not the only thing ______ is missing.
A. that B. it C. which D. who
7. The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate.
A. who’s B. whose C. that of which.
8. The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister.
A. which; is B. whom; was C. who; is D. who; was
A
B
C
二、用适当的关系代词或副词填空。
1. The first thing ______ you must do is to have a meal.
2. April 1st is the day ___________ is called April Fool’s Day in the west.
3. Do you know the reason ___________ she was late.
4. The house _________________ we live in is very old.
5. This is the house ______________ I lived two years ago.
that
that/which
why
that/which
where
1. There is an old lady.
She swallowed a spider.
一、两个简单句合为定语从句？
StepⅠ 两句直接合并
There is an old lady she swallowed a spider.
StepⅡ 去掉后一句中的相同部分
There is an old lady she swallowed a spider.
相同部分
StepⅢ 关系词代替
There is an old lady __________ swallowed a spider.
先行词 (人)
who/that
定从 (缺主)
2. The child is ill.
Mrs. White takes care of the child.
StepⅠ 两句直接合并
The child is ill Mrs. White takes care of the child.
StepⅡ 去掉后一句中的相同部分
The child is ill Mrs. White takes care of the child.
相同部分
StepⅢ 关系词代替
The child is ill Mrs. White takes care of __________.
The child _________________Mrs. White takes care of is ill.
注意：关系词及定从位置：常常紧跟在先行词后面。
who/that/whom
先行词 (人)
从句 (缺宾)
3. The letter was from my parents.
I received the letter yesterday.
StepⅠ 两句直接合并
The letter was from my parents I received the letter yesterday.
StepⅡ 去掉后一句中的相同部分
The letter was from my parents I received the letter yesterday.
相同部分
StepⅢ 关系词代替
The letter was from my parents I received _____ yesterday.
The letter ______________ I received yesterday was from my parents.
先行词 (物)
从句 缺宾 (which / that)
which/that
二、典例 (which, that, who, whom 的选用)
1
A doctor is a person ___________ looks after people's health.
先行词 (人)
从句缺主
2
Remember the painting _____________ he has drawn.
先行词 (物)
从句缺宾
3
Remember the sea _____________ was a grave.
先行词 (物)
从句缺主
who/that
which/that
which/that
4
Remember the last words _____________ he said to her.
先行词 (物)
从句缺宾
that
三、定从中需注意的问题
1.
定从
中只用
that
的情况
1) 先行词是 all, little, much, none, everything, anything,
nothing等代词时
Is there anything that you don't understand
Tom told his mother all that had heppened.
先行词 (物)
定从
先行词
定从
2) 当先行词前有the only, the very, the last等修饰时
He is the only person that can help you out.
3) 当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词
This is the best book that I have ever read.
先行词 (人)
先行词 (物)
三、定从中需注意的问题
1.
定从
中只用
that
的情况
4) 当先行词既包含人又包含物时
They talked of things and persons that they remembered
in the school.
先行词 (人/物)
5) 当主句是there be 句型 / 以疑问词who, which开头的疑问
句中, 用that引导
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Frank.
Which is the car that hit the boy
先行词
定从 (缺主)
先行词
定从 (缺主)
1. You don't need to make fancy foods to impress guests - something ______ is simple but good will do.
A. what B. that C. when D. who
2. --Do you agree with her ideas at the meeting
--Absolutely, what she's just said is the very idea
____ I want to express.
A. that B. what C. which D. why
典型例题：
先(不定代词)
定从
先行词
3. This is the biggest laboratory _____ we have ever built in our school.
A. which B. what C. where D. /
4. The villagers and cattle __________ were evacuated immediately are very safe now.
A. which B. that C. what D. /
5. Who ___ has common sense will believe such nonsense
A. that B. who C. which D. but
典型例题：
evacuate /i'vQkjueit/ v. 撤离，撤出
三、定从中需注意的问题
2.
定从中
关系词的
省略
定从中从句部分缺宾时，关系词可省。
This is the book (which) you are looking for.
先行词 (物)
定从 (缺宾)
四、whose, when, why, where 的选用
whose
You're the only one whose advice he might listen to.
某人的建议
判断方法(一) 先行词___单n.
I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.
房间的窗户
判断方法(二)先行词 _______ n.
...的
四、whose, when, why, where 的选用
when
April the first is the day _______ people make fun of others.
Do you know the date __________ Lincoln was born
先行词 (时间n.)
先行词 (时间n.)
where
This is the mountain village _______ you can find them easily.
He did all his research in the room ________ he lived.
先行词 (地点n.)
先行词 (地点n.)
why
Is this the reason _________ she refused our offer
先行词 (原因n.)
when
主
谓
宾
从句缺状
主
系
表
从句缺状
when
主
谓
宾
where
从句缺状
主
谓(vi. 不缺宾)
从句缺状
where
主
谓
宾
why
从句缺状
第三节
定从的失分题
一、介词的出现
1. 介词选择
方法(一): 介词根据从句中谓语v. 的搭配习惯而确定。
This is the book
_____ which I spent 5 yuan.
_____ which I paid 5 yuan.
_____ which I learnt a lot.
_____ which Tom often talks.
on
spend ... on the book
for
pay ... for the book
from
learn...from the book
about
talk...about the book
方法(二): 从句中谓v. (宾) + 先行词
I remember
the day ______ which I joined the Party.
I joined the Party ______ the day.
the days __________ which I lived here.
I lived here ___________ the days.
the month ______ which I stayed there.
I stayed there ______ the month.
on
on
during
during
in
in
一、介词的出现
2. 介词位置
1) 放在关系词前面
This is the book on which I spent 5 yuan.
2) 放在从句谓v. 后
This is the book which I spent 5 yuan on.
3.
介词对关系词
的影响
先行词 (人) 介 whom
先行词 (物) 介 which
The athlete to whom you talked is a famous runner.
This is the book for which you asked.
二、从句成分判定对关系词的影响
This is the factory __________ he used to work.
This is the factory ______________ I visited last year.
where
先行词 (物)
从句缺状
先行词 (物)
that/which
从句缺宾
判断
方法
1. 看从句的谓v.
vt. 缺宾
vi. 缺状
2. 用从句中的谓v. + 先行词
成立: 缺宾
不成立：缺状
work the factory ( )
visit the factory ( )
Is this the museum ____________ you visited a few days ago
Is this the museum ____________ the exhibition was held
缺状用where
缺宾用which
that
where
1. I’ll never forget the day _______ is June 12th.
2. I’ll never forget the day ______ is my mother’s birthday.
3. I’ll never forget the day ______ I entered No.1 Middle ...
step1: 瞻前顾后
先物(时间)
从句缺何成分？
缺 主
which
缺 主
which
step2: I entered No.1 Middle school the day
缺 状
先行词是时间，从句缺状用when
when
典型例题
where; which; /
1. Have you ever visited the tower _______ is called the ....
2. Have you ever visited the tower _______ Tom took photos.
3. Have you ever visited the tower _______ Tom took photos at.
4. Have you ever visited the tower ____ ______ Tom took photos.
step1: 瞻前顾后
先物(时间)
从句缺何成分？
缺 主
which
先行词是物，从句缺主用which
step2: Tom took photos the tower
缺 状
where
先行词是地点，从句缺主用where
step2: Tom took photos at the tower
缺 宾
which
先行词是物，从句缺宾用which
step2: Tom took photos the tower
缺 状
先行词是物，从句缺宾用where
where
step3:如何调整正确？
Tom took photos at(介) the tower
=at which
1. The hotel _________ we stayed at during the holiday...
2. The hotel ______ we stayed _____ during the holiday...
3. The hotel _________ we stayed during the holiday...
4. The hotel _________ we stayed during the holiday...
step1: 瞻前顾后
先物(地点)
从句缺何成分？
缺 宾
which
缺 状
at which
where
step2: we stayed at the hotel
step2: we stayed ______ the hotel
at
at
从句缺宾语，关系词可以省略
介词位置的灵活性：也可放于关系词前
step2: we stayed the hotel
缺 状
1. The factory ____ used to be in the center of the city is...
2. The factory _____ his father used to work ______ was...
3. The factory ____ ______ his father used to work was...
4. The factory _________ his father used to work was...
主 句
从 句
主 句
从 句
主 句
从 句
主 句
从 句
1. We will never forget August 8th, 2008
__________ is a great day to the Chinese.
先物（时间）
step1: 瞻前顾后
从句缺何成分？
缺 主
先行词是物，从句缺主用which/that
which
step3: 如何调整正确？
2. We will never forget August 8th, 2008 ________ the Olympic Games was held _________.
先物（时间）
on
step Ⅰ: 瞻前顾后
the Olympic Games was held ___
August 8th ,2008
which
step Ⅱ: 从句+ 先行词
on
3. We will never forget August 8th, 2008
_______ _________ the Olympic Games was held.
先物（时间）
介词位置的灵活性：也可放于关系词前
on which
4. We will never forget August 8th, 2008
______ the Olympic Games was held.
step Ⅰ: 瞻前顾后
the Olympic Games was held
August 8th ,2008
step Ⅱ: 从句+ 先行词
先物（时间）
缺 状
when
1. I don’t know the reason ________ he is absent today.
2. The reason _____ he has explained is ....
step1: 瞻前顾后
先(原因)
从句缺何成分？
step2: he has explained the reason
缺 宾
先行词是物，从句缺宾which
which
step2: he is absent the reason
缺 状
先行词是原因，从句缺状用why
why
3. This is the reason __________ I asked for help.
4. The reason ______ he is trying to explain is...
step1: 瞻前顾后
先(原因)
step2: he is trying to explain the reason.
缺 宾
先行词是物，从句缺宾用which
which
缺 状
先行词是原因，从句缺状用why
why
step2: I asked for the help the reason.
1. I still remember the park _______ we first met.(2010广州)
A. that B. which C. where D. when
先物
Step1: 瞻前顾后
三
步
走
从句缺何成分
Step2: We first met the park( )
口诀：先行词地点，从句状语用where
缺状
需走2步
2. Ten months has passed, but Chinese people still remember those exciting days _______ they spent during the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. (2009哈尔滨)
A. that B. who C. when
先物
Step1: 瞻前顾后
三
步
走
从句缺何成分
Step2: they spent those exciting days( )
缺宾
需走2步
1. Anna thanked the man. He helped her carry the box.
Anna thanked the man__________________________
_______. 　　　　　　　　　
2. This is the girl. She was saved from the fire.
This is the girl_______________________________. 　　　　　　　　　
3. I watched the soccer game. It was held on Tuesday.
I watched the soccer game___________________　　　　　　　　
___________.
4. Tom finished reading the book. He borrowed it
last week.
Tom finished reading the book________________
__________________. 　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　
I.将下列句子合并为含有定语从句的复合句。
who / that helped her carry
the box
who / that was saved from the fire
which / that was held
(which / that) he
on Tuesday
borrowed last week
1. 你认识正在打电话的那名男子吗？
Do you know the man_________________________
2. 我妈妈很少买昂贵的衣服。
My mother seldom buys clothes______________　　　　　
___________.
3. 这里有一些我昨天参观博物馆的照片。
Here are some photos of the museum_____________ 　　　
_________________.　　　　　　　　　　　
4. 他希望有一天能住在一个大而舒适的房子里。
He hopes to live in a house___________________ 　　　　　　　
________________some day.
II. 根据汉语意思，完成英语句子。每空词数不限。
and comfortable
who / that is making a call
which / that are
expensive
visited yesterday
(which / that) I
which / that is big
Ⅱ. 根据短文内容从方框中选择恰当的关系代词填空。
Antarctica is mainly known for the penguins and seals
(1)_________ live there, but do you know dinosaur fossils (化石) have also been discovered there
In 2003 scientists discovered the remains of two dinosaurs (2)_________ lived there millions of years ago. The first discovery was a plant-eating dinosaur (3)__________ is nearly 200 million years old. The parts of the dinosaur (4)_________ were examined suggest that it was 9 meters long and 2 meters tall. Dinosaurs (5)_________ have been found in other parts of the world are as long as 30 meters, however.
which/that
that, which, who, whose
which/that
which/that
which/that
which/that
So this dinosaur, (6)_________ bones have excited researchers, is rather small. On the other side of Antarctica, some scientists discovered dinosaur bones by accident. This second dinosaur was a meat eater (7)_________ stood about two meters tall. Scientists (8)________ were sheltering (躲避) from bad weather found the bones near the sea. The dinosaur fossils (9)__________ they discovered were next to fossils of sea life. The scientists (10)________ made the discovery got a lot of money as a prize.
Dinosaurs could not survive (生存) in cold conditions, but in their time, Antarctica was different from now. It was warm and wet.
whose
that, which, who, whose
which/that
who/that
(which/that)
who/that