Unit 1 Asia单元复习课件(共50张PPT)2023-2024学年牛津译林版九年级下册

(共50张PPT)
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
Unit 1 Asia
单元复习
重点短语
壹
重点句子
贰
重点语法
叁
重点知识
肆
目录
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
重点短语
第一部分
壹
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
take a rest休息一下 climb the steps爬台阶
a long way to go有很长的路要走 on your way back在你回来的途中路
Chinese paper-cutting 中国剪纸 in the middle of在....中间
a kind of traditional Chinese art一种传统的中国艺术 tum... into 把......变成
watch the raising of the national flag观看升国旗 hang down向下悬垂
every few hundred meters 每隔几百米 be praised as被誉为......
the wonders of the world世界奇迹 lie on the two sides of位于......两边
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
stand in different shapes以不同形状耸立着 take a boat trip along坐船......游览
in Tian'anmen Square在天安门广场 took/take up占据(空间);占用(时间)
three quarters of ......的四分之三 a 17-hole bridge一座十七孔洞的桥
a high level of service 高水平的服务 an ancient city of culture-座文化古城
take a tour of参观，游览...... be well worth a visit非常值得参观
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
重点句子
第二部分
贰
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
1.We' d better keep moving.我们最好继续前进。
2.Since you're in Beijing now, why don't you start from here
既然你现在在北京，为什么不从这儿开始呢
3. With wonderful buildings and art treasures inside, it is well worth a visit.
它(故宫)里面有宏伟的建筑和艺术珍宝，非常值得一游。
4. Many tourists like to gather there early in the morning to watch the raising of the national flag.许多游客喜欢一大早聚集在那里观看升旗仪式。
5. It runs for over 6,000 kilometers across northern China, with watchtowers every few hundred meters.
它(长城)在中国北部地区绵延6,000多公里，每隔几百米设有瞭望塔。
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
6. East or west, Guilin landscape is best.桂林山水甲天下。
7. It lies on the two sides of the Lijjang River.它( 桂林)位于漓江两岸。
8. The cave is praised as the“Art Palace of Nature".
此岩洞被誉为“大自然的艺术宫殿”。
9. As an old saying goes,“He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.
"正如一句古老的谚语所说:“不到长城非好汉。”
10. India has the second largest population in the world.
印度人口数量位居全球第二。
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
重点语法
第三部分
叁
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
1．1. It is + adj + of sb. + (not) to do sth.
It’s +adj.+of sb. to do sth.句型在英语中运用较为频繁,尤其在口语中。该句型通常表示说话人对客观事件的惊讶、兴奋、懊悔、难过等感叹情绪，其实相当于感叹句。如：
It’s very kind of you to help me. 你能帮助我，真是太好了！
该句型与 how 引导的感叹句可以互换,故上句可以改为:
How kind it is of you to help me ! 或 How kind of you to help me !
在口语中, it is经常被省略, 再如:
It’s nice of you to say so.你这样说,真是太好了! 可以省略为Nice of you to say so.
It’s wrong of you . 你错了!
That’s lovely of her. 她多可爱呀!
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
该句型中用作表语的形容词常见的有如下几类:
(1) 表示聪明或愚蠢的形容词,有clever, wise, foolish, stupid, silly等, 如:
It’s silly of him to do such a thing. 他竟干出这样的事,真是愚蠢!
(2) 表示正确或错误的形容词,有 right, wrong, correct, incorrect 等, 如:
It was right of her not to come here. 她没有来这儿,太对了!
(3) 表示好坏等品性的形容词,此类词较多,有 good, nice, kind, sweet, friendly, lovely等, 如:
It’s friendly of you to come and see me. 你能来看我,真够朋友!
(4) 表示褒义或贬义色彩的形容词,有brave, polite, careless, selfish等,如:
It was brave of you to manage to do it. 你居然能做成这件事,真勇敢!
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
【拓展】of sb. 的句型通常都可转换为不定式作状语的句子。
It’s very nice of you to offer me a seat.
= You are nice to offer me a seat. 十分感谢你给我让座。
It is careless of him to lose so many things.
= He is careless to lose so many things. 他丢了这么多东西，真是太粗心了。
【辨析】It’s + adj.+ for sb. to do sth.结构是一个陈述句, 表示说话人对客观事件的决断, 比较正式,希望大家学习时注意。这类形容词有difficult, easy, hard, important, dangerous,(im)possible等。
例：It’s very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险。
It’s difficult for us to finish the work. 对我们来说，完成这项工作很困难。
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
2. be + adj. + enough + to do sth.
此句型表示“（某人、某物）足够做某事”，例如：
I’m tall enough to reach the top of the tree. 我够高能够到树顶。
(1) 此句型若是肯定句时，可以用主＋be＋so＋adj.＋that的句型（即so…,that…表示的结果状语从句）来替换。
The boy is old enough to go to school. 这个孩子到了上学年龄。
=The boy is so old that he can go to school.
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
(2) 此句型若是否定句式时，既可以用so…that…引导的结果状语从句来替换，还可以用too…to…句式替换。例：
He is not old enough to go to work. 他太小不能去上班。
=He is so young that he can’t go to work.
= He is too young to go to work..
The box is not light enough for me to carry. 这个箱子太重我搬不动。
=The box is too heavy for me to carry.
= The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it.
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
2．It 用作形式主语
1) 当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。
e.g. It is wrong to tell a lie.
It is no use arguing about it.
(争吵是没用的。) 〔It为arguing about it的形式主语〕
It is uncertain who will come.
(谁要来还不确定。) 〔It为who will come的形式主语〕
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
2) It 作形式主语的常见句型：
① It + be + 形容词 + to do sth. / doing / that ….
e.g. It is very important to learn a foreign language.
It is useless crying over the spilt milk.
It was really surprising that she married a man like that.
② It + be +名词词组 + doing / that ….
e.g. It is no good telling lies.
It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film yesterday.
It is a truth that there would be no new China without the Communist Party.
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
③ It + be + 过去分词 + that ….
该句型常见动词有：say, hope, think, suppose, expect, report, know, believe, decide, etc.
e.g. It is said that they have invented a new type of computer.
It is believed that China will become one of the strongest countries in the world.
It was reported that more than 170 thousand people died in the 2004 tsunami.
④ It + seems / appears / happens等不及物动词 + that ….
e.g. It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much.
It appears that Tom might change his mind.
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
⑤ 若句子是疑问形式，就只能用it作形式主语。
e.g. Does it matter much that they won’t come tomorrow
Is it true that he will go abroad next week
⑥ It + takes + (sb.) + some time + to do sth.
这是一个表示“（某人）花多少时间干某事”的句型，其中it是形式主语，代替后面的不定式（to do sth.），句型中的sb.也可以省略。
e.g. It took me some time to read the reading materials.
It took him fourteen hours to go to New Zealand from Shanghai by plane.
How long does it take you to go to Beijing from Qingdao by train
I am not sure, but I think it takes at least nine hours to get there.
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
3．It 用作形式宾语
1) 当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡，避免句式结构的混乱，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾。此时it仍只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。
2) 下列四种情况须用it 作形式宾语：
① 当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时（如think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等）；
e.g. They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese.
I don’t feel it difficult to understand the Special English.
He makes it a rule never to borrow money.
I think it no need talking about it with them.
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
② 某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如like, enjoy, love, hate等，往往不能直接接宾语从句；
e.g. I don’t like it that he’s so lazy.
I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs.
③ that引导的宾语从句不能直接作介词的宾语；
e.g. You may depend on it that we shall always help you.
Would you see to it that she gets home early
He insisted on it that he was innocent.
④ 由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中，宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时，须借用it。
e.g. I leave it to your own judgement whether you should do it.
We owe it to you that there wasn’t a serious accident.
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
重点知识
第四部分
肆
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
1．Wow, the Great Wall is amazing, isn’t it
一、反意疑问句：
1) 反意疑问句表示说话人对所陈述的事情有所怀疑或不肯定，想通过对方的回答来加以肯定或否定。
陈述部分肯定句+疑问部分否定句（可记为前肯后否）
陈述部分否定句+疑问部分肯定句（可记为前否后肯）
① —You are a teacher, aren’t you 你是个教师，是不是？
—Yes, I am. /No, I’m not. 是的。/不，我不是。
②—She was here yesterday, wasn’t she 她昨天在这里，是不是？
—Yes, she was. /No, she wasn’t. 是的。/不，没在。
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
2) 对于这种形式的反意疑问句作回答的时候，不要过分注重问句中的否定词not在前还是在后，只要事实是肯定的，就用Yes，如事实是否定的，就用No。用Yes回答，后面就不能再用not，用No回答，后面就必须有not，这种情况与中文的表达习惯很不一样。请注意下面例句中中英文在表达上的差异。
① —Your sister isn’t coming back today, is she 你姐姐今天不会回来，是吗？
—Yes, she is. /No, she isn’t. 不，她今天会回来。/是的，她今天不会回来。
② —You can’t do it well, can you这事你做不好，是吗？
—Yes, I can. /No, I can’t.”不，我能做好。/是的，我做不好。
③—There wasn’t a football game on TV last night, was there
昨晚电视里没有足球赛，是吗？
—Yes, there was. /No, there wasn’t.不，有足球赛。/是的，没有。
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
3) 陈述句中含有never, few, little, hardly, nothing, nobody等具有否定含意的词，后面疑问部分应用肯定形式。如：
① You never saw Mr King before, did you 你以前从未见过金先生，是吗？
② There are few apples left on the tree, are there 树上没剩几个苹果了，是吗？
③ He has little money for food, does he 他几乎没钱买吃的，是吗？
④ Little Mary can hardly walk by herself, can she 小玛丽还不太会自己走路，是吗？
⑤ There’s nothing in that box, is there 盒子里什么也没有，是吗？
⑥ Nobody saw you do it, did they？ 没人看到你干这事吧，是吗？
注意：unhappy, dislike, unfriendly等含有否定词缀的派生词，也就是有un, dis, in, im, no-前缀、-less后缀等含有词缀而意思否定的词，当做肯定句处理，疑问部分要用否定形式。
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
2．It’s tiring to climb the steps and my feet hurt.
1) tiring adj. （事、物）令人疲劳的，使人厌倦的
【拓展】tired adj. (人 )感到疲劳
类似的形容词有：amazing/amazed; exciting/excited; boring/bored; interesting/interested
2) step n. 台阶,步骤
You can go down the steps from here.
【拓展】v踩
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
3) hurt (hurt, hurt, hurting, hurts)
vt. 使受伤，损害
例：She hurt herself when she fell down. 她跌倒时伤了自己。
She hurt my feelings. 她伤害了我的感情。
Unluckily, he was badly hurt in the accident.不幸的是，他在事故中受伤很严重。
【拓展】vi. 感到疼
例：My leg hurts.
n. 痛苦
例：The experience left me with a feeling of deep hurt.
这段经历给我心灵留下了严重的创伤。
仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而
3．There’s still a long way to go. ( to go 是动词不定式做定语。)
eg：a wonderful place to meet friends
find someone to talk with
look for a room to live in
注意：to do形式一般跟在序数词、最高级修饰的名词之后、疑问词之后以及不定代词之后。
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4．Wake me up on your way back.
wake v. (woke, waken, waking, wakes)
【拓展】adj. awake
1) wake up意为“醒来”“把……叫醒”。up是副词，如果后面接宾语时，要注意宾语的位置：如果宾语是代词，必须位于wake和up之间；如果宾语是名词，则既可以位于wake和up之间，也可以位于up之后。
① The old man woke up in the midnight. 这老人半夜自己醒了。
② Don’t talk so loud. You’ll wake them up. 别那么大声说话，你会把他们吵醒的。
wake up your sister = wake your sister up wake (me/him/her/them/you…) up
2) wake up还可表示“觉醒”“觉悟”“使觉醒”“使觉悟”。
More and more oppressed people are waking up. 越来越多的被压迫人民在觉醒。
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5．It was once a nice place for emperors to spend the summer.
【搭配】spend (spent spent) spend time (in)/money (on) doing sth
【辨析】spend 主语是sb spend time(in) /money (on ) doing sth
pay （paid paid） 主语是sb pay (money) for sth
take （took took） 主语是it it take s/took sb some time to do sth
cost （cost cost） 主语是sth sth. cost (s) sb some money.
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6．Another famous attraction is the Great Wall.
1) another 又一，再一，可用来修饰单数或复数名词。
【辨析】
the other 另一个，另一部分，可用来特指两者中的另一个或者两部分当中的另一部分。
the others 其他的……单独使用，特指整体中除去一部分后剩余的全部。
other另外的，其他的，泛指；用作定语，用来修饰单数或复数名词。
others 其他的，单独使用，泛指其他人或其他事物。
2) be famous for 以……著名
China is famous for the Great Wall.
【辨析】be famous as 以……（身份）著名
Yao Ming is famous as a basketball player.
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7．In the middle of the ancient city of Beijing is the Palace Museum, also called the Forbidden City.
【辨析】in the middle of 与in the centre of
in the middle of 指在……（时间、长度、过程等）的中间，可用于谈论时间，如：in the middle of the night 在半夜；也可用于指狭长之物，
如：in the middle of the line 在那条线的中间。
in the centre of 则强调在中心，在中央
I live in the centre of the city. 我住在市中心。
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8．It runs for over 6,000 kilometres across northern China, with watchtowers every few hundred metres.
【辨析】
across表示横穿；穿过，着重指从物体表面的一边到另一边，也就是说从物体的表面穿过；
through 意为穿过，指从空间的一头纵穿到另一头，也就是说从物体的内部空间穿过、穿越；
over一般指在……的上方（与该物体没有接触）。
9．The emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties used to live there.
【辨析】used to do sth 过去做某事
be used to do sth 被用来做某事 ，相当于be used for doing sth
be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事
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10．lie lay用法解析
词汇联想 三单 现在分词 过去式 过去分词
lie撒谎
lie 位于，躺，卧
lay下蛋，置放，平放
【辨析】巧记lie和lay
躺 lie,lay,lain,lie in bed again; 谎 lie,lied,lied, don't be a liar;
蛋 lay,laid,laid,a hen laid an egg; 放置 a boy picked it up,and laid it in the bag.
例：He was lying in the shade of the tree. She lay down on her bed.
The factory lies to the west of town. he hen laid three eggs.
He lied to them, about her age in order to get the job.
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11．It’s well worth a visit.
be worth 值得，其后常接名词或动名词
It can be worth the effort however.
然而这份努力可能是很值得的。
12．raise与rise的用法
1) raise (raised, raised)作及物动词，表示“抚养”“养育”；raise还有“饲养”“喂养”“种植”“提出”“举起”“抬起”“提高”的意思。如：
① The old lady raised six orphans in her life.
这位老太太一生抚养了六个孤儿。
② Where was he raised 他是在哪里长大的？
③ His job is to raise pigs. 他的工作就是养猪。
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④ She raised her eyes and stared at them. 她举目盯着他们。
⑤ The people’s living standards have been greatly raised.
人民的生活水平有了很大提高。
2) rise (rose, risen)用作不及物动词，意为“上升”“升起”“增长”“提高”“起身”。作“上升”讲时是指继续上升，常用于日、月、云、雾、烟、水蒸气等；也可以指温度计、体温、物体、水位、职位等方面的上升。如：
① Look! The moon is rising. 瞧！月亮升起来了。
② She has had a high fever, and her temperature is still rising. 她发高烧，体温还在上升。
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【辨析】raise和rise有时可用来描述同一事情，但含义有所不同。试比较：
① The price of tomatoes has been raised recently.
最近西红柿的价格上涨了。（价格的上涨可能是由于政府或其他方面的原因）
The price of tomatoes has risen recently. 西红柿最近涨价了。（说明价格自身上涨）
② Our living standard has risen in the past few years.
Our living standard has been raised in the past few years.近几年来，我们的生活水平提高了。
③ He raised the child from the ground. (强调把孩子扶起来)
The child rose from the ground. (强调孩子自己站起来)
He lifted the child up from the ground. (强调用劲儿扶起)
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13．There are many stone lions on either side of it.
either 意为（两者中的）任何一个
【搭配】
either … or … 或者……或者……
【拓展】
either 作副词，意为“也”，用于否定句末。
either 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
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14．I hope you can visit my city one day! 我希望有一天你能参观我的城市！
hope 此处用作及物动词，“希望”，后接宾语从句。
I hope I can pass the exam.
批注：hope无hope sb. to do sth.的用法。
【搭配】 hope to do sth. “希望做某事”
【辨析】hope 表示说话人认为可能会实现的愿望
wish 表示说话人的愿望，不考虑是否实现或有没有可能实现
wish to do .... wish + 从句 wish sb. to do....
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15．We left Beijing for Shanghai early in the morning.
leave +地点+for+地点 “离开某地去某地”。
leave for +地点“动身去某地”。
【拓展】
leave作动词，意为“剩下”，通常用过去分词作定语。
例：Is there any food left in the fridge
leave作动词“遗忘某物于某地”，后接表示地点的介宾短语。
例：I left my schoolbag at home this morning.
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16．Something that fills you with surprise.
1) that 此处用作关系代词，代替先行词something ,在定语从句中作主语，此时不能用which 进行替换。
2) fill…with…… 用……充满 be filled with 被……充满 be full of 满是……
3) to one’s surprise (n.) 使某人惊讶的是
【搭配】in surprise 惊讶地
【拓展】sth. surprise (vt.) sb.
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17．I felt a little cold when we went out.
a little 一点，稍微
【拓展】1) a little还可以用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级
例：Lily is a little taller than her sister.
2) a little还可以用于修饰不可数名词，表示数量
例：There is a little milk in the bottle.
3) a little还可以用于修饰单数名词，意为“小的”
例：To our surprise, he is such a little boy.
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18．Riding around the countryside is popular in Guilin, isn’t it
riding around the countryside 骑自行车环行乡村，在本句中作主语，动名词作主语在反义疑问句中用it代替。
【拓展】当陈述部分的主语是：
(1) one时，后面的疑问句可用one/he；(2) no one时，后面附加疑问句中主语用they；
(3) everything, anything, nothing, something时，附加疑问句中主语用it 不用they；
(4) this, that,或those, these时，附加疑问句中主语用it或they；
(5) everyone，everybody，someone，somebody，anyone，nobody等时，附加疑问句中主语一般用they（口头语，非正式文体）/he（正式文体）；
(6) 不定式时，动名词，其他短语，附加疑问句中主语一般用it；
(7) there be句型时，附加疑问句中一般用be/情态动词/助动词+there。
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19．Winter is very cold and dry in Beijing.
dry adj. 干燥的
例：the air is very dry here.
【拓展】vt. 把……弄干；晒干 例：let’s dry our clothes in the front of the fire!
20．The lake is very big---it takes up three quarters of the area.
1) take up 占据（空间）；占用（时间）
2) three quarters 四分之三
表示分数时，分子使用基数词，分母使用序数词，分子大于1，分母应使用复数形式。
英语分数的表示法：
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一、用“基数词＋序数词”表示：分数在英语中通常是借助于基数词和序数词来共同表达的。其中基数词表示分子,序数词表示分母。
如：
(1) The centimeter is one-tenth of the decimeter or one-hundredth of the meter．
厘米是分米的十分之一,或者说是米的百分之一.
(2) However, the number of boys will be a third or less than the girls in the class．
但是,班里男生的人数将比女生少三分之一或更少。
从以上例子可以看出：分子除用one外，也可用a；如果分子大于1，分母要用复数形式。但是，1／2不能说a（one）second，而要说a(one) half。例如：
The sum of one half, one third and one fourth of a certain number is 13.某数的1／2,1／3和1／4的和是13.
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1／4和3／4可以说a(one) fourth和three fourths，但常用a quarter和three quarters表示。
应该注意的是，分数修饰名词时,若该名词是不可数名词只能用单数；若是可数名词，用单数或复数均可.但是，若它们在句子中作主语，则谓语动词是用单数还是复数取决于名词，即与分数所修饰的名词保持一致。例如：
(1) Only one-fifth of air consists of oxygen．氧气只占空气的1／5。
(2) About two thirds of the students attend the meeting．大约2／3的学生都参加了会议。
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带分数也是常见的英语数词表达.所谓带分数，实际上是“整数＋分数”，表达时分而述之，只是整数部分与分数部分要用连词 and连接.当带分数修饰名词时,该名词通常是复数，若名词置于整数one或a之后，则用单数.“带分数＋名词”作主语时,谓语动词根据临近原则要用复数。例如：
(1) You should finish the work within one and a fourth hours．
你应在1.25小时内完成工作。
(2) The atom breaks up in a minute and a quarter．
原子在1.25分钟内裂变。
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21．Many people find it pleasant to travel around.
1) find it +adj.+ to do sth 发现做某事是……的，it是形式宾语 ，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式结构。
2) pleasant 形容词，“令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的”，常作定语，用于修饰物；
【拓展】
pleased 形容词“高兴的，满意的”，常作表语，主语通常是人；
pleasure 名词“快乐，乐事”，作“快乐”讲，是不可数名词，作“乐事”讲，是可数名词。
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22．They provide a high level of service.
【搭配】provide sth. for sb. =provide sb. with sth.
【辨析】offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb.
23．Millie would like to suggest India, and she has prepared some notes of it.
1) 【搭配】would like sth would like to do sth would like sb to do sth
【辨析】feel like doing 想要做某事
2) prepare ….for… 为……做好准备
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24．The second largest population in the world.
1) population “人口”在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式
2) 当population与分数或百分数连用，在句中作主语时，谓语动词多用复数形式
3) 表示某国、某城市有多少人口时，可用某国或某城市+has a population of ….
4) 用large与 small来表示人口的多与少
5) 对人口数量进行提问时用what/how large
What’s the population of the city
= How large is the population of the city
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