名师指津2015RJ一轮课件第二部分语法复习限定词（78张）

课件78张PPT。第二部分 重要语法名师指津限定词是在名词词组中对名词中心词起特指(即指定的对象)、类指(即泛指一类人或物)以及表示确定数量和非确定数量等限定作用的词类。常考的限定词有：冠词、形容词性物主代词、作定语的不定代词，可能考的有指示代词。限定词是高考必考点，七年考了9道题。
限定词请做下列广东高考真题：
1. (2013) “In the beginning, there was only __________very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little…
思路点拨：a 因a small amount of(少量的)是固定搭配。
真题再练2. (2012)But she quickly realized that it wasn’t her, it was probably the fact that she sat in _________ last row.
思路点拨： the 特指最后的那一排，或在序数词前，用定冠词。
3. (2011)I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had _________amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.
思路点拨：an 短语搭配have a conversation (谈话)。
4. (2010)A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water.____ water was sweet.
思路点拨：The 前面出现过water，后面再次提到，应该用定冠词the。特指前面提到的清泉。
5. (2010) After the student left, the teacher let __________student taste the water.
思路点拨： another 在送水的这个学生离开后，应是给他的“另外一个”学生尝一尝。
6. (2009)Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not __________ pleasant experience…
思路点拨： a 是泛指。句意：此外，在一年当中的这个时候去购物不是“一次”令人愉快的经历，故填a。
7. (2008)It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help __________ rice crop grow up quickly.
思路点拨：his 由文中的his crop, the crop等可知，此处填限定词；这个急性子的人当然是急于使“他的”禾苗长得快，故填his。
8. (2007)I had noticed three hens running free in my hostess’s courtyard and that night one of them ended up in a dish on my table. ________
villagers brought me goat’s cheese and honey.
思路点拨：Other /Some 不定代词充当定语修饰后面的名词villagers。句意：女主人热心招待“我”，其他的一些村民也给我带来了羊奶酪和蜂蜜。故填Other。
9. (2007)…the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to_________ small town some 20 kilometers away where there was a garage.
思路点拨： a 指将车拉到离那里大约有20公里远的”一个小镇”。表示”一个”，用不定冠词。
显然，考查的重点是冠词，几乎年年都考。
考情分析在语法填空中，若名词前没有上述限定词，很有可能是填限定词。结构一般是：限定词(+形容词)+名词。填哪个限定词，必须视句意和语境而定。譬如：
解题技巧1.表示“一(个，本，张……)”泛指时，用不定冠词a或an；表示特指时，如“这，这个，那，那个”时，用定冠词the。
2.表示“某人的”，用形容词性物主代词。3.表示“任何”时，用any；表示“两者都”时，用both，表示“两者都不”时，用neither；表示“另一个的；又一个的”时，用another，表示“其他的”时，用other，等等。
解题时，还需留意以下几点：
1.在单复数方面：another后接可数名词的单数，而other后则接可数名词的复数。
2.在可不可数方面：little和much接的是不可数名词，而few和many接的则是可数名词复数。
3. 在搭配方面：from one…to another+名词单数表示“从一个……到另一个……”；some…other+名词复数表示“一些……其他的……”；some…the other+名词复数= some…the others 表示“一些……，其他的……”。考点归纳 语法填空的纯空格中所考查的限定词主要有：
考点1. 形容词性物主代词包括(单数)my, your, his, her, its; (复数)our, your, their；这类词只能放在名词前作定语。
考点2. 可以在名词前面作定语的不定代词有other, another, some, any, all, each, every, many, much, little, few, both, neither, either等。
考点3. 可以充当定语的指示代词this, that, these, those (至今未考过)。考点4. 定冠词的用法。
定冠词the用于不可数名词、单复数可数名词前。主要用法有：
(1)特指某个或某些特定的人或事物，与指示代词this, that, these, those意义相当。如：This is the house that he bought.这就是他买的那座房子。
(2)特指谈话双方都明白的人或物。如：Take the medicine.把那些药吃了吧。
(3) 特指上文提到过的人或事。如：He bought a computer. The computer is very nice.他买了一台电脑；那台电脑非常好看。
(4) 用于世上独一无二的事物名称前。如：the sun 太阳。
(5) 用在序数词和形容词最高级前。如：He is the tallest boy in the class.他是这个班最高的男孩子。
(6) 用在某些由普通名词构成的专有名词前。如：the Children’s Palace少年宫。 (7) 用于有定语修饰的专有名词前。如：the China of 1996一九九六年的中国。
(8) 与单数名词连用表示一类事物。如：The lion is a wild animal.狮子是一种野生动物。
(9) 用在姓氏的复数之前，表示一家人。如：the Greens.格林一家人(或格林夫妇)。
(10) 用于有介词的方位名词前。如：in the north of China在中国的北部。(11)与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人或事物。如：the wounded伤员，the rich富人，the impossible不可能的事。
(12)用在play后的西洋乐器名词前。如：play the piano弹钢琴。
(13)用在表示“打、抓、牵”等的身体部位名词前。如：She caught me by the arm.她抓住了我的手臂。(14)用于表示计量单位的“by the+单数名词”的结构中。如：We are paid by the month.我们是按月领工资的。
(15)用于逢十的复数基数词前表示年代。如：in the 1980’s 在20世纪80年代。
(16)用于比较级前，表示两者中“较的……那一个”。如：John was the older of the two brothers.约翰是那两兄弟中年龄较大的那一个。(17)用于“the+比较级，the+比较级”句型中。如：The harder you work, the better result you’ll get.你学习越努力，你的成绩就越好。
(18)用与固定词组中。如：in the day, in the morning, in the country, in the dark, in the end, by the way, go to the cinema, in the long run, on the one hand, on the contrary等等。考点5. 不定冠词的用法。
不定冠词用于单数可数名词前，a用于辅音音素前，而an则用于元音音素前。主要用法有：
(1)泛指一类人或事物。可译作“一个/本/条/座……”。如：This is a book.这是一本书。
(2)表示一类事物中的“任何一个”。如：A bird can fly.鸟会飞。
(3)表示“每一”。如：twice a week每周两次。
(4)表示数量“一”。如：She bought a dozen eggs.她买了一打蛋。
(5)表示不确定的“有一个”“某一个”。如：It happened on a Sunday morning.这件事发生在一个星期天的早上。
(6)表示“一种”(某些不可数名词前)。如：Medoc is a very good wine.美杜克是一种很好的酒。
(7)表示“一杯/罐/瓶”。如：I’d like a coffee, please.请给我一杯咖啡。 (8) 表示“……式的人物；活像……”。如：He is a Lei Feng in our class.他是我们班里的雷锋。
(9) 用于有定语修饰的独一无二的事物名词前。如：a world of wonders.一个奇妙的世界。
(10) 用序数词前，表示在原来基础上增加，即“又一，再一，还要一”。如：The cakes are delicious. He’d like to have a third one because the second one is rather too small. 这些蛋糕很好吃，他还想再吃一块，因为第二块太小了点。 (11) 用于固定词组中。如：a few, a little, a lot, a great many, many a, as a rule, as a result, in a hurry, in a minute, once in a while, have a good time, have a good knowledge of, keep an eye on, all of a sudden, make a living等。 1. 不定冠词+very表示“一个非常……”。
2. 定冠词+most表示“最……”，不定冠词+most表示“一个非常……”。
3. 定冠词+very表示强调，意思相当于“正是”。此外，还需注意3点：一、单句填空 在下列各句的空格处填上一个恰当的限定词。
1. (2014茂名二模)The second she got to him he folded her in _________ powerful arms and gave her a huge hug.
his 回指作主语的人称代词he。
实战演练2. (2014茂名二模) My lovely trip down memory lane was interrupted when I heard the car behind me sound its horn(喇叭). I saw ________ school bus quickly pulling away.
the 特指前面提到的那一辆校车。
3.(2014茂名一模)When I was a child in 1970s, my family was very poor, just like other average families in the countryside. The second-hand clothes, rain-leaking roof of old house became part of __________ memory.
my 在名词前应填限定词，由前句可知，这里是指“我的记忆”，故填my。
4.(2014茂名一模)In the early years of 1980s…my childhood dream came true. And then, _________ dream became clearer and clearer in my mind. I must try my best to escape out of my poor and backward hometown.
another 因相对于“吃饱”，“离开贫穷落后的家乡”是“我”的“另一个”梦想。
5.(2014茂名一模)After graduation, I became a citizen working in a city. As the first college graduate out of a remote village, my success set ___________example to my folks.
an 因set an example to sb. (给某人树立榜样)是个固定词组。
6.(2014佛山一模)They tested kite gliders both with and without _______ pilot.
a 泛指飞行员，单数可数名词前用不定冠词。
7.(2014广州一模)The students returned to school with ________ sense of achievement.
a 这里的a表示“一种”。
8.(2014广州调研)Today, his memory is celebrated by Burns clubs across the world and his birthday is ______ unofficial “National Day” for Scots and those with Scottish ancestry, celebrated with Burns suppers.
an 这里的不定冠词表示“一个”。
9.(2014深圳一模)Several years later, the boss promoted Bob to manager, but Tom remained as __________ ordinary worker.
an 表示职业身份的单数可数名词前用不定冠词。
10. (2014梅州一模) The Chinglish expression “long time no see” has become ______ standard English phrase.
a 中式英语long time no see成为了一个标准的英语短语，不定冠词a用于泛指。
11.(2014梅州一模)In their eyes, a language will be absolutely affected by its users whether or not __________ native speakers approve.
its 据主语a language，可知是用its“这门语言的”作定语。
12.(2014惠州三模)But just as they began to eat, they heard __________ great noise.
a 表示“一阵”声音。
13.(2014江门一模)In 1902 Martha Berry started ________school with only five pupils.
a/her 此句句意为“ 开办/创办了一所学校或开创/创办了她的学校”。
14.(2014揭阳一模)Thinking that someone else would help her pick them up, I continued______ way.
my 指作者继续走路。
15. (2014揭阳一模) People aren’t used to making ______ unprepared chat with a stranger.
an 这里的an表示“一次”。
16. (2014韶关一模) Therefore, many young girls on TV choose to wear the most provocative (挑逗性的) clothes to catch attention, but when it comes to singing they are in _____complete mess.
a 这里的a表示“一片”。
17.(2014肇庆期末)Today the Internet is playing ________important and essential role in our life.
an 这里的an表示“一种”。
18.(2013广州一模)With the arrival of spring, the Dorritys took the children for ________outing.
an 这里表示带孩子去了一次郊游，故填不定冠词，因为outing是元音开头，故填an，表示一次。19.(2013广州二模)Then a man approached me and … I later learned that________ man made his living this way: tricking tourists.
the/ that 特指前面提到的a man。
20.(2013佛山一模)Ma Wendi is used to curious glances when she walks six dogs at the same time. They are not all hers. ________25-year-old veterinary graduate is full-time dog walker.
The 这里填定冠词特指前面提到的Ma Wendi这位姑娘。
21. (2007年深圳一模)The little boy pulled______ right hand out of the pocket and studied a number of coins in it.
his 指“那个男孩的”右手。
22. (2008年深圳二模)He seldom finished his work because he repeatedly checked with me to be sure he hadn’t made a mistake. I tried my best to build up ______ self-confidence.
his 指树立“他的自信”。
23. (2009年深圳一模)Old people should be treated as fine gold. They may be gradually tarnished(失去光泽)by age, but they can be polished with respect. You might be surprised by ___________bright and shining qualities.
their 指Old people。
24. (2012广州二模)An increase in employment opportunities for women would increase_____ household power, the report said.
their 指women’s。
25. First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get ________ second chance to make ________ first impression.
a; the 序数词前面可以用定冠词和不定冠词，其区别是：用定冠词，表特指，即特指某一次；用不定冠词，指在原有基础上增加一次，含有another的意思。句中的a second chance大致相当于another chance。
26. It’s ________good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them pleasure.
a 句中a good feeling 意为“一种不错的感觉”。27. The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that people from all walks of life are working hard for ________ new Jiangsu.
a 因为Jiangsu(江苏)前面受到描绘性定语的修饰，a new Jiangsu的意思是“一个新的江苏”。28. There are over 58,000 rocky objects in space, about 900 of which could fall down onto ________earth.
the 因earth表示“地球”时，其前习惯上要用定冠词。
29. If we sit near ________ front of the bus, we’ll have ________better view.
the; a 第一空特指公共汽车的前部，填the；第二空泛指或强调“更……的一个”，故填a。
30. Everything comes with _______ price; there is no such thing as free lunch in the world.
a 指每一件事都是在付出代价的，泛指“某种”代价，故填a。
31. In most countries, a university degree can give you _______ flying start in life.
a 因为a flying start泛指“成功的开始，顺利的开端”，句意为：在大多数国家，拥有大学文凭可以让一个人的事业有个顺利的开端。32. It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park. It was ________ three-hour journey.
a 由于 journey 为可数名词，故其前应有不定冠词，表示“一段三小时的路程”。
33. We can never expect _________ bluer sky unless we create _______ less polluted world.
a; a 在通常情况下，名词sky和world前面该用定冠词；但是，当它们受到描绘性定语的修饰时，就应用不定冠词，表示“一个……的天空/世界”。
34. This area experienced _____ heaviest rainfall in ________ month of May.
the; the 第一空填定冠词，是因为其后的名词受最高级形容词的修饰；第二空也填定冠词，是因为特指“五月”这个月。
35. The dog will wag ________ tail to welcome the guests.
its 指代“狗的”(尾巴)。
36. If you don’t put ________ heart into studies, you tend to fall behind the ________ students in your class.
your; other 前面put one’s heart into是固定搭配，意思是“潜心做某事”，后面the other+名词复数表示“(固定范围内)其他的”。
37. Do you want me to come ________ Friday or next Friday?
this “这”周，和“下”周相对。
38. I think you’ll find ___________ chairs more comfortable than those ones.
these 和those相对。
39. __________ student caught cheating in examinations will be severely punished.
Any 根据句意，所填词表示“任何”之意，倘若student用了复数形式，the也可以成为答案。 40. Some of my classmates are diligent while the ________ones are quite lazy.
other 固定搭配 some… the other+名词复数。
41. God helps _____people who help themselves.
those 表示“那些”。
42. Which style do you prefer? This one or_____
one?
that 和this相对。
43. The eraser was passed from one student to _____________one and it finally returned to the teacher.
another 固定搭配 from one…to another。
44. I pay a visit to my relatives every two months. That’s to say, I visit my relatives every ________month.
other “每两……”可以用every two+名词复数=every other+名词单数。
45. There are stores on _______ side of the street. In other words, stores line ________ sides of the street.
either; both 表示两个当中的“任何一个”时，用either+名词单数，表示“两者都”时，用both，后接名词复数。
46. I borrowed two magazines from Tom the other day, but I regretted reading them because I found ____________ book was interesting or educational.
neither 表示“两者都不”。
47. She is the __________ (little) popular and welcome girl in her class for the reason that she is mean and selfish.
least 表示“最不”。
48. Salaries are much higher here than ______ in my country.
those 代替前面已提过的复数名词。
49. There is no ________ thing as a free lunch in the world.
such 固定结构such…as…表示“类似……这样的”。
50. It is ________ a tough problem that we can’t solve it alone.
such 固定结构 such…that…表示“如此……以致……”。
51. Lucy is ________ most beautiful girl, but she is not ________ most beautiful in her class.
a; the 不定冠词a + most表示 “一个非常……”，定冠词the +most表示“最……”。
52. This is ________ very useful dictionary and it’s ________ very dictionary I have been looking for.
a; the 不定冠词a +very表示“一个非常……”，定冠词the +very表示强调，意思相当于“正是”。
53. —It is ________second time that I’ve made a speech on the stage.
—Pardon? Will you please say that _______ second time?
the; a 前者the +second time表示“第二次”，而后者a +second time表示“再一次；又一次”。
54. Not only do nurses need to work in ____day but they also have to work at night.
the 固定结构in the day，意思是“在白天”。
55. He took _______ trip to Beijing in_________
summer of 2007.
a; the 第一个空表示泛指，第二个空表示特指。
二、语篇填空 在下列短文的空格处填入一个适当的限定词。
I often dreamed about Pisa when I was 1.___ boy. I read about 2.____famous building called the Leaning Tower of Pisa. But when I read the word Pisa, I was thinking of pizza. I thought 3. _______ tower was a place to buy pizza. It must be 4. ___ best place to buy pizza in the world, I thought. a the this the Many years later I finally saw 5. ______
Leaning Tower. I knew then that it was Pisa and no pizza. But there was still something special about it for me. The tower got 6. _____ name because it really does lean to one side. 7. ______ people want to try to fix it. They are afraid it may fall over.
I do not think it’s 8. ___ good idea to try to fix it.
the its Some aIf you ask me, I like what it looks like. Nothing is perfect, it seems to say. Why do people want things to be perfect? Imperfect things may be more interesting. Why is 9. _______ tower so famous? There are many 10. _______older, more beautiful towers in Italy. But Pisa tower is the most famous.
theother本文作者认为斜塔之所以著名正是因为它的斜，说明不完美也许更有趣，告诉我们要 正确对待生活中的不完美。
1. a 。单数可数名词boy前没有限定词，一定是填限定词；意思是“当我还是一个男孩的时候”，表示“一个”，要用不定冠词，故填a。
2. the。在“形容词+单数可数名词(famous building)”前没有限定词，一定是填限定词；因该名词受过去分词短语(called…)修饰，特指被叫做比萨斜塔的“那个”著名的建筑，故填the。3. this。 特指前文提到的“这”个塔，可用this, that，也可用the。
4. the。形容词最高级前用定冠词the。
5. the。由普通名词构成的专有名词前，一般要用the。
6. its。 单数可数名词(name)前没有限定词，一定是填限定词；由语境可知，是指The tower得到“它的名字”，故填形容词性物主代词its。
7. Some。名词people前应填限定词，由语境可知，是指“有些人/有的人”想努力将它修好(扶正)，故填Some，注意首字母要大写。
8. a。在“形容词+单数可数名词”前没有限定词，那一定是填限定词；由句意“努力将它修好是一个好主意”，可知填不定冠词a。
9. the。 特指前文中提到的斜塔。
10. other。 指在意大利还有许多“另外的”比这个斜塔时间更长也更漂亮的塔，故填other。
Thank you!!