被动语态

课件49张PPT。The Passive Voice（被动语态）小竞赛英语中有几种语态你知道吗？
两种
是哪两种？主动语态和被动语态
英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者
例如：Many people speak English.
He opened the door.他开了门
We can repair this watch in two days.
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
例如：English is spoken by many people.
The door was opened.门被开了。
This watch can be repaired by us in two days.语 态 分 类当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者, 或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时, 或者只需强调动作的承受者时, 要用被动语态。
*被动语态：主语是动作的承受者 。
*被动语态的构成：be +vt. p.p.什么情况下用被动语态？ 认识被动语态
(1)肯定形式
The child loves this song.
byThis songthe childloveisdJane looks after the cat.
isbyedThe catJane.look after
Children love these songs.

byThese songsChildrendarelove被动语态的肯定结构：
主语＋be + v. pp + (by---)(动作承受者)技巧：被 be done !
(2) 否定形式
The child doesn’t love this song.
bynotThis songthe childdloveis
They don’t plant the trees

byThe treesthemedareplantnot被动语态的肯定结构：
主语＋be + v. pp + (by---)被动语态的否定结构：
主语＋be + + v. pp + (by---)not(3)疑问形式
The child loves this song.
This song is loved by the child.
Isthis songloved by the child?Yes, it isNo,it isn’t 被动语态的肯定结构：
主语+be + v. pp + (by---)被动语态的否定结构：
主语+be + not + v. pp + (by---)被动语态的疑问结构：
be+主语+ v. pp + (by---)
回答: Yes, 主语(代词)+ be
No, 主语(代词)+ be not技巧：被 be done !在改写中应注意：
1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语;
2.把动词变成“be + 过去分词”;
3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。典型题例 将下列句子改为被动语态。 We clean our classroom every day. Our classroom is cleaned (by us) every day.注意：be 动词有人称、数和时态的变化 !
attention* 带双宾的谓语动词有两种改法。把指人的间接宾用作被动句的主语;把指物直接宾语改成主语时，谓语动词后必须加适当的介词: to for.如：givebe given to 此类动词还有：pass show send… 再如：buybe bought for此类动词还有：make draw cook mend…*一些动词不定式在主动语态中省略to作宾语补足语，改成被动语态时，to必须还原。
My teacher made me do my homework.
I was made to do my homework by my teacher.She gave me a book. I was given a book by her.A book was given to me by her.将下面句子变成被动句
1.They speaks English.
English is spoken by them.
2.They don’t speak English.
English isn’t spoken by them.
3. We respect our teachers well.
Our teachers are respected well by them.
4. We clean our room every day.
Our room is cleaned by us every day.5. The students plant many trees every year.
Many trees are planted by the students every year.
6. The father often looks after his baby.
His baby is often looked by the father.
7. They don’t grow rice in spring.
Rice isn’t grown (by them) in spring.
8. He builds a lot of houses every month.
A lot of houses are built (by him) every month.The flowers in the garden ﹙water﹚ once two weeks.My hair ﹙not wash﹚ every day. English ﹙speak﹚ widely in the world ?is cleanedare wateredisn’t washedIsspoken被动语态的时态应用一般现在时的被动语态：am/are/is + 过去分词 People play football all over the world.
2. Mr. Green teaches us this term.
Football all over the world
.We this term.is playedby peopleare taught (by Mr. Green)一般过去时的被动语态：was/were + 过去分词4. People built the Great Wall long ago.
5. Two years ago we used the machinesto make shoes for children.The Great Wall
long ago.Two years ago those machines
shoes
for children.
was built (by people) were used (by us) to make The car ﹙steal﹚ three days ago.The trees ﹙plant﹚ ten years ago.When the TV ﹙invent﹚?My maths book ﹙not bring ﹚this morning .was stolenwere plantedwasn’t broughtwasinvented牛刀小试一般将来时的被动语态：will / be going to + be + 过去分词6. We will write a diary next class.
7. Tom is going to hold a birthday party.A diary
next class.A birthday party
.
will be written (by us) is going to held by Tom情态动词的被动语态：must/have to/can等 + be + 过去分词8. You must throw the broken pottery away at once.
9. We have to finish our homework on time.The broken pottery
at once.Our homework
.
must be thrown away (by you) has to be finished (by us) on timeYour homework must ﹙finish﹚ on time.The bad vegetable should not ﹙eat﹚.Your clothes may ﹙put﹚ here.All of these maths exercises must
﹙finish﹚ today.
The work can ﹙do﹚ in an hour.
Teenagers should (not drink) wine.
be finishedbe eatenbe putbe finishedbe donenot be drunk牛刀小试Conclusion:一般现在时—— am／is ／are + v.p.p. 一般过去时—— was／were +v.p.p. 情态动词—— (must／can／could
／may…) + be + v.p.p.　被动语态的构成：be +vt.p.p.
被动语态：主语和动词之间是被动关系 技巧：被 be done !一般将来时——will / be going to + be + v.p.p.
1.Rice in the south of china.
A grows B is grown C are grown D grew
2.English by us every morning.
A is B reads C are read D is read
3. A car in1885.
A were invented B was invented
C is invented D invented
4.The shop last night.
A is robbed B was robbed C are robbed D opened
5.The work must in two weeks.
A be finish B be finished C finish D will finis
BDBBB5.The work must in two weeks.
A be finish B be finished
C finish D will finish
6. Those things may to the room.
A move B moved
C be moved D are moved
7.Where the cars ?
A are……made B do……make
C were ……made D is …..made
8.The train station in 1981.
A is built B are built
C was built D were built
BCCC1.People use knives for cutting things.
Knives ______ ______ for cutting things.
2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.
The windows of their classroom______ _______ twice a month. are usedarecleaned(变被动语态）七嘴八舌3.I found the ticket on the floor.
______ ______ ______ ______ on the floor.
4.I told her to return the book in time.
She ______ _______ to return the book in time.The ticket was found was told5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day.
He ______ _______ _______ _______ only two meals a day.
6.Now people can use computers to help them.
Now computers _______ ______ ______ to help them. was made to have can be used7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year?
_______ ______ _______ _______ at this time last time?
8.Must we finish our work today?
_______ our work______ _______ today?Were many trees plantedMust be finished9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.
1) _______ ______ _______ some wonderful stamps.
2) Some wonderful stamps _______ ________ _______ _______. we were given were given to us10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.
Tom _______ ________ to turn on the computer.
11.In this factory women do most of the work.
Most of the work _______ ________ by women in this factory. was asked is done12.He can mend the bike in two days.
The bike ______ ______ _______ in two days.
13.You must take this medicine three times a day.
This medicine _______ _______ ________ three times a day. can be mended must be taken14.The students in this school study German.
German _______ ________ by the students in this school.
15.Do they often talk about this question?
______ this question often _______ about _______ _______? is studiedIs talked by them知　识　拓 展A traffic accident ________(happen) just now.happened2. 连系动词（Link.v.) 如：be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, become…Peking Opera ________ (sound) beautiful.sounds3. 当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候:The pen _________ (write) very fast.writesThis kind of sweater _______ (sell) well. sells1. 不及物动词（vi.) 如:happen, take place, appear, dissapear, …不用被动语态的动词：主动式表被动义
The shop______(open) at 6 am. every day．4. 表示“开始、结束、运动”的动词用主动式表被动(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut, run...)Your jacket needs ___________________ (wash)5. 作“需要”讲的want/need/require后接动名词作宾语时，用主动式表被动义；当然也可接不定式的被动式作宾语。openswashing/ to be washedQuiz 1 Quiz 1
1. The steel _____ cold．
A. is felt B. was feeling
C. feels D. is being felt
2. His plan _____ good．
A. has sounded B. is sounding
C. is sounded D. soundsCDQuiz 2Quiz 2
The shop _____ at 6 am. every day．
A. opens B. opened
C. is opened D. is opening
Work _____ at 7 pm. today．
A. ends B. ended
C. was ended D. had endedABThe pen ______ smoothly．
A. was wrote B. writes
C. has writing D. is written
This coat _____ easily．
A. has washed B. was washed
C. washes D. is washedQuiz 3BCAnswer right or wrong
1.必须照看好孩子们。
The children must be taken good care .( )
The children must be taken good care of .( )
2.这本书是鲁迅写的。
This book was wrote by Lu Xun.( )
This book was written by Lu Xun.( )
3.昨天那支笔是他给我的。
That pencil was given me by him yesterday.( )
That pencil was given to me by him yesterday.( )
WRWRWR4.这辆自行车能修吗？
Can this bike mended?( )
Can this bike be mended?( )
5.街道已由他们清理了。
The street has been cleaned by they.( )
The street has been cleaned by them.( )
WRWR1、Where did they grow vegetables？（改为被动语态）
Where _____ vegetables ______? 真题演练场：2、Chinese _______ by the largest number of people.
A. speak B. is speaking C. speaks D. is spoken3、据说在南京长江上又在建一座桥。
______ ______ ______ that ______ ______ is being ______ over the Changjiang River in Nanjing.4、The boy ______ to get supper ready after school．
A. were told B. is telling C. was told D. tells(答案: were, grown)
( 答案：D )
（答案：It is said；another bridge；built）
(答案: C )
5、A lot of new roads ______ built in the west of China.
A. must B. must be C. has D. have
6、Her mother gave her a new pen．（变被动语态）
A new pen ______ ______ ______ her by her mother．7、She will take good care of the children．（变被动语态）
The children will ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ by her．8、Someone saw him swim in Qianling Lake yesterday．
（变被动语态）
He ______ ______ ______ swim in Qianling Lake yesterday．( 答案: B )
（填was given to）（填be taken good care of）
（填was seen to）
9、—Your coat looks nice．Is it ______ cotton？
—Yes．It's ______ Shanghai．
A．made of；made by B．made of；made in
C．made for；made by D．made for；made in10.An exhibition of paintings ____ at the museum next week．
A. are to be held B. is to be held
C. are holding D. will hold
11. I’m sorry, sir. Your recorder isn’t ready
yet．It ____ in the factory．
A. is being repaired B. is repaired
C. has been repaired D. hasn’t been repaired（答案：B）
（答案：B）
（答案：A）
12.--When will the lecture begin?
--When the students ____．
A．have sat B．sat down
C．will sit D．are seated
14．In warm weather, fruit and meat ____ long．
A. cannot be kept B. don’t keep
C. mustn’t keep D. is not kept
15、The road last year.
A: builds B: built C: was built D: is built（答案：D）
（答案：A）
(答案: C)16、A Disney Park in Shanghai Pudong New Area in the near future.
A: builds B: has built C: will build D: will be built17、Liu Xiang by his coach to train regularly.
A: advised B: advises C: was advised D: be advised18、--Which sport are you in at school sports meeting?
--No decision yet. I think it after discussing
with my PE teacher, Mr. Yuan.
A: will be decided B: will decide
C: was decided D: is decided19、---Long time no see!
--I’ve just returned. I to Zhengzhou for meeting
last month.
A: am sent B: was sent C: am sending D: was sending(答案：D）（答案：C）（答案：A）（答案：B）20、---Are you going to the party?
-----No, because I .
A: have asked B: haven’t asked
C: have been asked D: haven’t been asked21、--Excuse me, what’s this for?
--It’s a cleaner and it to pick up dirt.
A: uses B: is used C: is using D: used22、Another new railway station in Changsha in 2011.
A: was built B: build C: will be built （答案：D）（答案：B）（答案：C)Thank you!