外研版（2019）必修第一册Unit 6 At one with nature Using language 教案
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-11-09 15:24:12 | ||
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Unit 6 At one with nature
Using language 教学设计
科目：英语 课题：Using language 课时：1课时
教学目标与核心素养：
知识目标：Students can learn some new words, phrase and word formation.
能力目标：Students can have a further understanding of the passage.
情感目标：Students can think individually and learn cooperatively.
教学重难点：
教学重点：How to learn the new words, phrase and word formation.
教学难点：How to make students have a better understanding of the passage.
课前准备：多媒体，黑板，粉笔
教学过程：
一、Pre-class
1. Greeting
2. Leading-in
教师活动：教师提问。
What else do you know about attributive clauses
二、While-class
Using language
1. 学生活动：
Discuss in groups and complete Activity 1 in page 65.
Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
(Suggested answers:
1. which---areas; whom---local people
2. Which and whom serve as the object of the action phrases that end with a preposition.
3. Yes.
4. a, b---clauses define a noun in the sentence; c and d are constructed with a pair of simple sentences, with one defining a noun in the other sentence in each pair.
5. Because there is a closer link and connection between the item and the clause defining it in sentences (a) and (b).It will also make the passage clearer. and create an emphatic effect on the objects being defined.)
2. 学生活动：
同义句转换
1. This is the man who you should turn to for help.
This is the man ________ ________ you should turn for help.
2. This is the book which I spent 5 dollars on.
This is the book ________ ________ I spent 5 dollars.
(Suggested answers:
1. to whom 2. on which)
3. 教师活动：语法讲解
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
关系副词when, where, why引导定语从句时可被“介词+关系代词”代替。在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中,关系代词只能用which或whom,不可用that或who。先行词指物时用which,先行词指人时用whom。
一、“介词 +which”可以替代关系副词 when, where, why
1.替代when
I'll never forget the day on which (= when) my son was born. (on 依据 on the day
确定)
我永远忘不了我儿子出生的那一天。
The year in which (= when) the earthquake happened was 2008. (in 依据in the year确定)
发生地震的那年是2008 年。
2.替代why
I'd like you to explain the reason for which (= why) you refused my offer. (for 依据 for the reason 确定)
我想请你解释一下你拒绝我的提议的原因。
二、依据与先行词的固定搭配确定使用什么介词
I'll never forget the time during which I was with my friends in the country. (during依据during the time 确定)
我永远不会忘记和朋友们一起在乡村度过的时光。
I will offer you a better way in which you can do the job. (in 依据in a
better way确定)
我会给你提供一个做这项工作较好的办法。
三、依据定语从句中动词或形容词的搭配来确定介词
She bought several clothes, on which she spent all her money. (on依据spend...on确定)
她买了几件衣服,这些衣服花光了她所有的钱。
It is the grammar rules of which I am not sure. (of依据 be sure of确定)
我没有把握的是语法规则。
四、根据定语从所表达的具体意思来确定介词
Can you see the river across which there is a bridge
你能看见上面有座桥的那条河吗
He is swimming in the river, on which there is a boat.
他在那条河里游泳,河面上有一条小船。
Here is the river in which I used to swim.
这就是我过去常在里面游泳的那条河。
此外,除了“介词+which”以外,如果定语从句的先行词是“人”,那么也可以用“介词+whom”引导定语从句。
Mary is the girl for whom I bought this gift. (for依据bought this gift for her确定)
为其买此礼物的女孩。
There should be someone to whom you can turn for advice. (to依据turn to someone确定)
应该有一个你可以向其寻求建议的人。
She fell in love with the young man with whom she had worked for so long.
(with依据worked with the young man确定)
她爱上了和她一起工作了这么久的那个年轻人。
五、“介词 + 关系代词”的其他表达法
1. 如果在whom和which 之前用of 表示所属关系(即of whom, of which表示所属关系),这时名词需要特指,应加定冠词该名词放在of whom, of which 之前或之后均可。
I'd like a room the window of which looks out over the sea.
I'd like a room of which the window looks out over the sea.
因为 whose 也表示所属关系,所以可以转换为:
I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.
2. 在whom和which之前用of还可以表示部分与整体的关系。这时表示“部分”的数词或代词,放在of whom, of which之前或之后均可。
She has three daughters, one of whom is a doctor.
She has three daughters, all of whom are beautiful.
She has three daughters, the oldest of whom is called Mary.
还可以说:
She has three daughters, of whom one is a doctor.
She has three daughters, of whom all are beautiful.
She has three daughters, of whom the oldest is called Mary.
友情提示：有些“动词+介词”短语被视为一个固定的词组,不可分割。这时不能把介词置于关系代词之前，如listen to, look at, look for, look after, care for, hear from, send for等。
特殊结构的定语从句
除了限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句外,还有一些其他形式的定语从句。这些定语从句在实际运用过程中具有较强的灵活性,因此其结构也较为复杂。
1.嵌入式定语从句
“嵌入式”,相当于在定语从句前加了一个“主谓句”(位置在关系词之后),让定语从句作其宾语。
He is the only person who we expect will win. (who will win作we expect的宾语从句)
他是唯一我们希望会获胜的人。
She had a book which she believed was bought by her father at a dear price.
(which was bought by her father at a dear price作she believed的宾语从句)
她有一本书,她相信是父亲花了大价钱买来的。
2.并列式定语从句
“并列式”,是两个或以上的定语从句相互并列,中间由and或or连接,共同修饰一个先行词,相互之间不包含、不修饰、不重叠。
Paris is a good place where art is so popular and which many people appreciate.
巴黎是一个艺术非常受欢迎的好地方,也是许多人赞赏的好地方。
I find it hard to leave the land where I have lived for 30 years and where there are sweet memories of my childhood.
我发现很难离开这片土地,我在这里生活30年,而且在这里有我甜美的童年记忆。
3.多重式定语从句
“多重式”是两个定语从句按先后顺序和不同层次修饰先行词即两个定语从句的谓语表示的动作发生的时间有先有后,其中一个包含另一个。第二个定语从句的关系代词不可省略中间不能用and连接。
Is there anything you'd like that you don't see on the shelves
有没有你想要的,但现在架子上还没有的东西
I like the tie you wear which your sister gave to you as a birthday gift
我喜欢你佩戴的你姐姐作为生日礼物送给你的那条领带。
4.省略式定语从句
在含将来意义的定语从句中,我们可以省略主语和谓语的一部分(主要是情态动词和助动词),而代之以“介词+关系代词+不定式”。
I have saved a sum of money with which to buy a new car for myself.
我已经攒了一笔钱,要用这些钱为自己买一辆新车。
本句的完整形式为：I have saved a sum of money with which I'd like to buy a new car for myself.
I was trying to find a place in which to lay the new piano.
我正在试图找一个能放这台新钢琴的地方。
本句的完整形式为：I was trying to find a place in which I could lay the new piano.
5.分隔式定语从句
定语从句一般紧跟在被它所修饰的先行词之盾:但有时候它和先行词之间插人其他成分,使得它与先行词分隔开来，这种定语从句叫作分隔式定语从句。
（1）先行词与定语从句被一个状语分隔。
There are quite a few students in our school who like this athlete very much.
我们学校有不少学生非常喜欢这位运动员。
The film brought the hours back to me when I was taken good care of in that far-away village.
这部电影使我回想起我在那个遥远的村庄被好好照顾的那些时光。
（2）先行词与定语从句被另一个定语分隔。
My grandpa has a painting by a famous painter which was sent to him for his birthday.
我爷爷有一幅出自名家的画,是送给他作为生日礼物的。
After graduation she reached a point in her career where she had to decide what to do。毕业后,她在职业生涯中到了一个必须决定做什么的时间点。
（3）先行词与定语从句被谓语分隔。
此时,先行词通常是句子的主语,因定语从句较长,主句谓语较短,为使句子结构平衡,常将定语从句移至谓语之后。
The professor entered the hall who had just presented several lectures.
刚刚做完几场演讲的教授进了大厅。
The days are gone when we Chinese were bullied by the invaders.
我们中国人受侵略者欺负的日子一去不复返了。
练习：用“介词+关系代词”填空
1. Have you ever read the book _______ _______ there are many pictures
2. The man _______ _______ he had a talk yesterday is a doctor.
3. The library _______ _______ we often borrow books is very large.
4. The gentleman _______ _______ you spoke just now is our headmaster.
5. This is the new bicycle _______ _______ I spent five hundred dollars.
6. Give me a piece of paper _______ _______ I can write the phone number.
7. The boy built a telescope _______ _______ he could study the skies.
8. Eric received training in computer for one year, _______ _______ he found a job in a big company.
9. Here are the table tennis players, some _______ _______ are from our school.
10. The tool _______ _______ he is working is called an engine.
(Answers: 1. in which 2. with whom 3. from which 4. to/with whom 5. on which 6. on which 7. through which 8. after which 9. of whom 10. with which)
4. 学生活动：完成练习。
Discuss in groups and complete Activity 2 in page 65.
(Answers:
1. The Zhuang is an ethnic group of which the population is the largest of all ethnic groups in China.
2. Guangxi is a province in which the Longji Rice Terraces are located.
3. I want to visit this cultural landscape to which the title of UNESCO World Heritage Site was given in 2016.
4. He is an expert on rice planting from whom the local Zhuang people have learnt a lot.)
5. 学生活动：完成练习。
Complete the passage with a preposition + whom / which.
(Answers:
1. from which 2. in which 3. for which 4. for whom)
三、After-class
用适当的关系代词、关系副词或“介词+关系代词”完成下列各句
1. My mother found a sheet of paper _______ _______ she wanted to wrap that pack of candies.
2. Sandstorms often hit this region, ______ therefore has made the soil there become desert.
3. Experts in agriculture say chemical fertilizers ______ enable crops to grow faster may harm the soil.
4. The company has designed a service system ______ ______ its consumers can enjoy three guarantees(保证).
5. The professor ______ was attracted by the Grand Canyon in this region observed the waterfall in the steep valley.
6. The expert designed a solution _____ could prevent soil loss by planting trees in the desert.
7. She stared at a shallow sheet of frost ahead ______ ______ some small living creatures were moving.
8. Experts give priority to solar energy with ______ we can replace this material.
9. Someone ______ has green fingers can grow sunflowers because they are very expert at agriculture.
10. This herb has a pleasant flavour ______ is of great benefit to the disease.
(Answers:
1. with which 2. which 3. that/which 4. in/under which 5. who 6. that/which 7. on which 8. which 9. who 10. that/which)
四、Summary
重点词汇：replace, beauty, living, narrow
重点语法：“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句
五、Homework
完成本节课的同步练习
2
Using language 教学设计
科目：英语 课题：Using language 课时：1课时
教学目标与核心素养：
知识目标：Students can learn some new words, phrase and word formation.
能力目标：Students can have a further understanding of the passage.
情感目标：Students can think individually and learn cooperatively.
教学重难点：
教学重点：How to learn the new words, phrase and word formation.
教学难点：How to make students have a better understanding of the passage.
课前准备：多媒体，黑板，粉笔
教学过程：
一、Pre-class
1. Greeting
2. Leading-in
教师活动：教师提问。
What else do you know about attributive clauses
二、While-class
Using language
1. 学生活动：
Discuss in groups and complete Activity 1 in page 65.
Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
(Suggested answers:
1. which---areas; whom---local people
2. Which and whom serve as the object of the action phrases that end with a preposition.
3. Yes.
4. a, b---clauses define a noun in the sentence; c and d are constructed with a pair of simple sentences, with one defining a noun in the other sentence in each pair.
5. Because there is a closer link and connection between the item and the clause defining it in sentences (a) and (b).It will also make the passage clearer. and create an emphatic effect on the objects being defined.)
2. 学生活动：
同义句转换
1. This is the man who you should turn to for help.
This is the man ________ ________ you should turn for help.
2. This is the book which I spent 5 dollars on.
This is the book ________ ________ I spent 5 dollars.
(Suggested answers:
1. to whom 2. on which)
3. 教师活动：语法讲解
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
关系副词when, where, why引导定语从句时可被“介词+关系代词”代替。在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中,关系代词只能用which或whom,不可用that或who。先行词指物时用which,先行词指人时用whom。
一、“介词 +which”可以替代关系副词 when, where, why
1.替代when
I'll never forget the day on which (= when) my son was born. (on 依据 on the day
确定)
我永远忘不了我儿子出生的那一天。
The year in which (= when) the earthquake happened was 2008. (in 依据in the year确定)
发生地震的那年是2008 年。
2.替代why
I'd like you to explain the reason for which (= why) you refused my offer. (for 依据 for the reason 确定)
我想请你解释一下你拒绝我的提议的原因。
二、依据与先行词的固定搭配确定使用什么介词
I'll never forget the time during which I was with my friends in the country. (during依据during the time 确定)
我永远不会忘记和朋友们一起在乡村度过的时光。
I will offer you a better way in which you can do the job. (in 依据in a
better way确定)
我会给你提供一个做这项工作较好的办法。
三、依据定语从句中动词或形容词的搭配来确定介词
She bought several clothes, on which she spent all her money. (on依据spend...on确定)
她买了几件衣服,这些衣服花光了她所有的钱。
It is the grammar rules of which I am not sure. (of依据 be sure of确定)
我没有把握的是语法规则。
四、根据定语从所表达的具体意思来确定介词
Can you see the river across which there is a bridge
你能看见上面有座桥的那条河吗
He is swimming in the river, on which there is a boat.
他在那条河里游泳,河面上有一条小船。
Here is the river in which I used to swim.
这就是我过去常在里面游泳的那条河。
此外,除了“介词+which”以外,如果定语从句的先行词是“人”,那么也可以用“介词+whom”引导定语从句。
Mary is the girl for whom I bought this gift. (for依据bought this gift for her确定)
为其买此礼物的女孩。
There should be someone to whom you can turn for advice. (to依据turn to someone确定)
应该有一个你可以向其寻求建议的人。
She fell in love with the young man with whom she had worked for so long.
(with依据worked with the young man确定)
她爱上了和她一起工作了这么久的那个年轻人。
五、“介词 + 关系代词”的其他表达法
1. 如果在whom和which 之前用of 表示所属关系(即of whom, of which表示所属关系),这时名词需要特指,应加定冠词该名词放在of whom, of which 之前或之后均可。
I'd like a room the window of which looks out over the sea.
I'd like a room of which the window looks out over the sea.
因为 whose 也表示所属关系,所以可以转换为:
I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.
2. 在whom和which之前用of还可以表示部分与整体的关系。这时表示“部分”的数词或代词,放在of whom, of which之前或之后均可。
She has three daughters, one of whom is a doctor.
She has three daughters, all of whom are beautiful.
She has three daughters, the oldest of whom is called Mary.
还可以说:
She has three daughters, of whom one is a doctor.
She has three daughters, of whom all are beautiful.
She has three daughters, of whom the oldest is called Mary.
友情提示：有些“动词+介词”短语被视为一个固定的词组,不可分割。这时不能把介词置于关系代词之前，如listen to, look at, look for, look after, care for, hear from, send for等。
特殊结构的定语从句
除了限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句外,还有一些其他形式的定语从句。这些定语从句在实际运用过程中具有较强的灵活性,因此其结构也较为复杂。
1.嵌入式定语从句
“嵌入式”,相当于在定语从句前加了一个“主谓句”(位置在关系词之后),让定语从句作其宾语。
He is the only person who we expect will win. (who will win作we expect的宾语从句)
他是唯一我们希望会获胜的人。
She had a book which she believed was bought by her father at a dear price.
(which was bought by her father at a dear price作she believed的宾语从句)
她有一本书,她相信是父亲花了大价钱买来的。
2.并列式定语从句
“并列式”,是两个或以上的定语从句相互并列,中间由and或or连接,共同修饰一个先行词,相互之间不包含、不修饰、不重叠。
Paris is a good place where art is so popular and which many people appreciate.
巴黎是一个艺术非常受欢迎的好地方,也是许多人赞赏的好地方。
I find it hard to leave the land where I have lived for 30 years and where there are sweet memories of my childhood.
我发现很难离开这片土地,我在这里生活30年,而且在这里有我甜美的童年记忆。
3.多重式定语从句
“多重式”是两个定语从句按先后顺序和不同层次修饰先行词即两个定语从句的谓语表示的动作发生的时间有先有后,其中一个包含另一个。第二个定语从句的关系代词不可省略中间不能用and连接。
Is there anything you'd like that you don't see on the shelves
有没有你想要的,但现在架子上还没有的东西
I like the tie you wear which your sister gave to you as a birthday gift
我喜欢你佩戴的你姐姐作为生日礼物送给你的那条领带。
4.省略式定语从句
在含将来意义的定语从句中,我们可以省略主语和谓语的一部分(主要是情态动词和助动词),而代之以“介词+关系代词+不定式”。
I have saved a sum of money with which to buy a new car for myself.
我已经攒了一笔钱,要用这些钱为自己买一辆新车。
本句的完整形式为：I have saved a sum of money with which I'd like to buy a new car for myself.
I was trying to find a place in which to lay the new piano.
我正在试图找一个能放这台新钢琴的地方。
本句的完整形式为：I was trying to find a place in which I could lay the new piano.
5.分隔式定语从句
定语从句一般紧跟在被它所修饰的先行词之盾:但有时候它和先行词之间插人其他成分,使得它与先行词分隔开来，这种定语从句叫作分隔式定语从句。
（1）先行词与定语从句被一个状语分隔。
There are quite a few students in our school who like this athlete very much.
我们学校有不少学生非常喜欢这位运动员。
The film brought the hours back to me when I was taken good care of in that far-away village.
这部电影使我回想起我在那个遥远的村庄被好好照顾的那些时光。
（2）先行词与定语从句被另一个定语分隔。
My grandpa has a painting by a famous painter which was sent to him for his birthday.
我爷爷有一幅出自名家的画,是送给他作为生日礼物的。
After graduation she reached a point in her career where she had to decide what to do。毕业后,她在职业生涯中到了一个必须决定做什么的时间点。
（3）先行词与定语从句被谓语分隔。
此时,先行词通常是句子的主语,因定语从句较长,主句谓语较短,为使句子结构平衡,常将定语从句移至谓语之后。
The professor entered the hall who had just presented several lectures.
刚刚做完几场演讲的教授进了大厅。
The days are gone when we Chinese were bullied by the invaders.
我们中国人受侵略者欺负的日子一去不复返了。
练习：用“介词+关系代词”填空
1. Have you ever read the book _______ _______ there are many pictures
2. The man _______ _______ he had a talk yesterday is a doctor.
3. The library _______ _______ we often borrow books is very large.
4. The gentleman _______ _______ you spoke just now is our headmaster.
5. This is the new bicycle _______ _______ I spent five hundred dollars.
6. Give me a piece of paper _______ _______ I can write the phone number.
7. The boy built a telescope _______ _______ he could study the skies.
8. Eric received training in computer for one year, _______ _______ he found a job in a big company.
9. Here are the table tennis players, some _______ _______ are from our school.
10. The tool _______ _______ he is working is called an engine.
(Answers: 1. in which 2. with whom 3. from which 4. to/with whom 5. on which 6. on which 7. through which 8. after which 9. of whom 10. with which)
4. 学生活动：完成练习。
Discuss in groups and complete Activity 2 in page 65.
(Answers:
1. The Zhuang is an ethnic group of which the population is the largest of all ethnic groups in China.
2. Guangxi is a province in which the Longji Rice Terraces are located.
3. I want to visit this cultural landscape to which the title of UNESCO World Heritage Site was given in 2016.
4. He is an expert on rice planting from whom the local Zhuang people have learnt a lot.)
5. 学生活动：完成练习。
Complete the passage with a preposition + whom / which.
(Answers:
1. from which 2. in which 3. for which 4. for whom)
三、After-class
用适当的关系代词、关系副词或“介词+关系代词”完成下列各句
1. My mother found a sheet of paper _______ _______ she wanted to wrap that pack of candies.
2. Sandstorms often hit this region, ______ therefore has made the soil there become desert.
3. Experts in agriculture say chemical fertilizers ______ enable crops to grow faster may harm the soil.
4. The company has designed a service system ______ ______ its consumers can enjoy three guarantees(保证).
5. The professor ______ was attracted by the Grand Canyon in this region observed the waterfall in the steep valley.
6. The expert designed a solution _____ could prevent soil loss by planting trees in the desert.
7. She stared at a shallow sheet of frost ahead ______ ______ some small living creatures were moving.
8. Experts give priority to solar energy with ______ we can replace this material.
9. Someone ______ has green fingers can grow sunflowers because they are very expert at agriculture.
10. This herb has a pleasant flavour ______ is of great benefit to the disease.
(Answers:
1. with which 2. which 3. that/which 4. in/under which 5. who 6. that/which 7. on which 8. which 9. who 10. that/which)
四、Summary
重点词汇：replace, beauty, living, narrow
重点语法：“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句
五、Homework
完成本节课的同步练习
2