【最高考】2015高考英语(江苏)语法精讲+精练:专题二 代词

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名称 【最高考】2015高考英语(江苏)语法精讲+精练:专题二 代词
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本资料来自于资源最齐全的21世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
专题二 代词、数词和介词常考点
近几年高考对代词的考查点仍集中在不定代词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )上,加大了对any,some,all,none,other,another,anything,something,everything等不定代词的考查,同时仍要注意掌握it,that,one以及替代词的用法。介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一,其用法多而杂。要注意识别考纲中规定的介词及相关搭配的基本意义和用法。www-2-1-cnjy-com
代  词
  anything,something,everything
anything既可用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中,意为“什么事情”,也可用于肯定句中,意为“任何事情”;
something常用于肯定句中,也可用于疑问句中,表示提出建议、征求意见等;
everything意为“一切东西”,用于否定句中,表示部分否定,意为“不是一切……” 。
anything but 决不,一点不
nothing but 只有
if anything 如果有什么区别的话
for nothing 免费;无结果
or something 或是什么的
something of 有些
用anything,something和everything填空:
①Is there ________ that belongs to you
②I have ________ important to tell you.
③In learning English,grammar is not ________.
④The car hit a tree or ________.
【答案】①anything ②something ③everything
④something
  both,all,either,any,neither,none
都 任何 都不
两者 both either neither
三者或三者以上 all any none
用any, neither和either填空:
①There are many trees on ________ side of the street.21·cn·jy·com
②He refused to accept ________ of the three suggestions.2-1-c-n-j-y
③________ of the two cars is mine. Mine is under repair.
【答案】①either ②any ③Neither
  none,nothing,nobody /no one
none既可指人,也可指物,表特指概念,相当于“no+上文的人或物”;
nothing只能指物,且表泛指概念;
nobody /no one只能指人,且表泛指概念。
用none,nothing和nobody /no one填空:
①Grandmother asked for some coffee but there was ________ at home.
②________ knows about it.
③________ of us knows about it.
④After the fire,there was ________ left.
【答案】①none ②Nobody/No one ③None ④nothing
  one,another,the other,some,others,the others
一个/一些 另外一个/一些 剩余的一个/一些
单数 one another the other
复数 some others the others
用another和other填空:
①He will stay here for ________ three days.
=He will stay here for three ________ days.
②He will drop in on us some ________ day.
=He will drop in on us ________ day.
【答案】①another;other ②other;another
  every,each
every 限定词 三个或三个以上的每一个 作定语
each 限定词或代词 两个或两个以上的每一个 作主语、定语、宾语、同位语
用every和each填空:
①________ of the tickets costs 10 dollars.
②Not ________ man is honest.
③The Olympics are held ________ four years.
④They ________ have a book.
【答案】①Each ②every ③every ④each
数  词
  
hundred,thousand,mill ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ion,billion,score,dozen等数词前加具体数词,表达一个确定数字时,无论后面有没有of都不加-s;在hundred,thousand,score,dozen等数词后加-s,表示“数以……计”。如:three hundred students,three hundred of the students,hundreds of students。www.21-cn-jy.com
完成下列句子:
①It is reported that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the floods have left about ________(数以千计的) people homeless.
②I want to buy ________(三打) the eggs.
【答案】①thousands of ②three dozen of
注意下面几组词的用法:
①基数词在another后或more的前面。如:another two books=two more books;
②in the fifties(在五十年代)和in one's fifties(在某人五十几岁的时候);
③a two-week holiday=a two weeks' holiday(两个星期的假期)。
完成下列句子:
①He was already in ________ fifties in ________ fifties.2·1·c·n·j·y
②After a long walk,we had ________(几分钟) rest.
【答案】①his;the ②a few minutes'
  用序数词和基数词编号
用序数词和基数词编号。如: ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the Fourth Act=Act Four(第四幕);the Second World War=World War Ⅱ(第二次世界大战)。【出处:21教育名师】
完成下列句子:
①We will have a meeting in ________(209房间).
②He was killed in ________(第一次世界大战).
【答案】①Room 209 ②World War I/the First World War
  分数表达法
当基数词(表示分子)大于1(one)时,序数词(表示分母)要用复数。如:1/3 one/a third, 2/5 two fifths。【版权所有:21教育】
另外还有下列构成法:
1/2 a/one half, 1/4 a quarter, 3/4 three quarters
完成下列句子:
①From then on he toured________(四分之三的)Beijing.
②____________(三分之二的) the teachers in our school are women.
【答案】①three quarters of/three fourths of ②Two thirds of21教育名师原创作品
介  词
  against 的多种含义
against(表反对,敌对)意为“与……相反,与……对抗”;
(表反方向)意为“与……逆向”;
(表接触)意为“与……冲突;倚靠;碰;撞”;
(表对照)意为“以……为背景”;
(表防护)意为“为防备”;
(表预备)意为“防备……”。
判断下列句子中against的含义:
(    )①No one is against this plan.
(    )②The teacher's desk is against the wall.
(    )③His red clothes stood out clearly against the snow.21·世纪*教育网
(    )④The evidence is against him.
(    )⑤They took measures against fire.
(    )⑥She fell down and hit her head against the ground.
(    )⑦She swam against the tide.
【答案】①反对 ②靠着 ③衬托 ④对……不利 ⑤预防 ⑥碰,撞 ⑦与……逆向
  across,through,throughout
across意为“横过,穿过”,着重指从一条线或一物体表面的一边到另一边;含义与on有关;
through意为“穿过;从……中通过”,着重指从空间的一头纵向穿到另一头;含义与in有关;
throughout和through表 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )示时间、空间上的贯穿时两者用法相同,但throughout比through更具强调性。另外,through可意为“原因;手段”,through还可作副词,意为“彻头彻尾,自始至终”。
用across,through和throughout填空:
①They built a bridge ________ the river.
②Walk ________the park and the hotel is ________ the street.
③The disease spread ________ the country.
【答案】①across ②through;across ③throughout/across
  between,among
between用于两者之间,用于三个或三个以上的宾语时所强调的仍是其中每两者之间的相互关系;
among用于三者或三者以上。
用between和among填空:
①This secret is only ________ you and me.
②We will visit the town ________ the mountains.
③If you want to l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ose weight,you'd better not eat anything ________ meals.
【答案】①between ②among ③between
  besides,except,except for,except that /when /where从句
besides意为“除了……之外还 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )有……”,句中常有other,another,else,more,also等词;此外,besides可用作副词;except意为“除了……之外不再有……”,句中常有all,any,every,no等词;
except for意为“除了(因为)……”,表示除去整体中的一部分,范畴不一致。当except 用于句首时,后面往往要加上for;
except 后接that 从句作宾语,表示时间用when,表示地点用where。
用besides,except,except for和except that填空:
①I know nothing about the young lady ________ she is from Beijing.
②I don't mind picking ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )up your things from the store. ________,the walk does me good.
③The car is nice ________ the colour.
④We all went to the park ________ Tom,who was ill in hospital.  21*cnjy*com
【答案】①except that ②Besides ③except for ④except
  时间介词in和after
“in+时间段”表示将来;
“after+时间段”表示过去,“after+时间点”表示将来。
用in和after填空:
①He will come back ________ two days.
②He came back ________ two days.
③He will come back ________ two o'clock.
【答案】①in ②after ③after
1. (2014·江苏卷) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Good families are much to all their members, but ________ to none.
A. something B. anyting
C. everything D. nothing
2. (2014·大纲卷 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))September 30 is the day ________ which you must pay your bill.
A. by B. for
C. with D. in
3. (2014·大纲卷)—What did you do last weekend
—Nothing ________.
A. much B. else
C. ever D. yet
4. (2014·浙江卷)People ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) won't pay attention to you when they still have a lot of ideas of their own crying ________ expression.【来源:21·世纪·教育·网】
A. from B. over
C. with D. for
5. (2014·江西卷)It is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )unbelievable that Mr. Lucas leads a simple life ________ his great wealth.
A. without B. despite
C. in D. to
6. (2013· 陕西卷)Al ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )though Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years,she lost ________ of her enthusiasm for life.
A. some B. neither
C. none D. all
7. (2013·辽宁卷)To her ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )joy,Della earned first the trust of her students and then ________ of her colleagues.
A. that B. one
C. ones D. those
8. (2013·安徽卷)This ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )project requires close teamwork. ________ will be achieved unless we work well together.
A. Nothing B. Anything
C. Something D. Everything
9. (2012·北京卷)Do you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) think this shirt is too tight ________ the shoulder
A. at B. on
C. to D. across
10. (2012·浙江卷)S ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tudying Wendy's menu,I found that many of the items are similar to ________ of McDonald's.
A. those B. ones
C. any D. all
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. A
9. D 10. A
1. I haven't read _ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_______ of her novels,but judging from the one I have read,I think she's a promising writer.21*cnjy*com
A. both B. any
C. none D. either
2. —Can you come on Friday or Saturday
—I'm afraid ________ day is possible. I am leaving for Dalian on business.
A. either B. any
C. none D. neither
3. If one side ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) refuses to give in to ________,the trade talk between the countries is likely to break down.
A. another B. other
C. the other D. one another
4. ________ is the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous.
A. Such B. This
C. That D. So
5. The English spok ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en in the United States is only slightly different from ________ spoken in England.
A. which B. what
C. that D. the one
6. The earthquake an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d the suffering ________ has caused will affect us greatly for a long time.
A. that B. it
C. which D. what
7. We already have ________ pencils,but we need two ________ pens.
A. dozen of;dozen B. dozens of;dozens
C. dozens of;dozen D. dozens of;dozen of
8. —Are you cleaning my room
—I can't help________. I can't bear seeing people's room in a mess!
A. it B. this
C. anything D. so
9. His advertisement i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ncome this year is about $36 million,over three times ________ of last year.21cnjy.com
A. that B. what
C. those D. ones
10. —Excuse me,but have you ever seen my book
—Sorry,I am not su ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re. A person just took a book away,but I don't know ________.
A. whose B. which
C. what D. where
11. —It's said that it will be extremely cold this winter.
—________,the major ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ity of the experts predict that the temperature will be normal.
A. In other words B. On the contrary
C. As a result D. What's more
12. In America,it's ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a mistake to think of Florida only as the place for vacation ________ its tourist attractions.21教育网
A. in honour of B. in terms of
C. in the name of D. in the eyes of
13. —It's almost time for the flight. Get ________ the plane please.
—OK,see you!
—Take care!
A. around B. abroad
C. aboard D. board
14. Do you expect ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ________ to be any possibility that he will be elected chairman
A. it B. that C. one D. there
15. ________ two e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xams to worry about,I have to work really hard this weekend.
A. Besides B. Because of
C. With D. As for
16. Sometimes prope ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r answers are not far to seek ________ food safety problems.
A. in B. to
C. on D. after
17. Eventually ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),the President had to leave office ________ public pressure in order to ease the tension of the situation.21世纪教育网版权所有
A. in favour of B. in response to
C. in return for D. in honour of
18. The sport ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s meet,originally ________ be held last Friday,was finally delayed because of the bad weather.
A. due to B. thanks to
C. owing to D. according to
19. Mike was on the s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pot when the traffic accident happened,so he had no difficulty in describing it ________.
A. at last B. at most
C. at stake D. at length
20. Steven's exam resu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lts put him ________ the top ten students in his grade.
A. among B. between
C. in D. at
21. —Excuse me, where can I get ________ application form
—Go to ________ Window 10, please.
A. an; / B. an; the
C. /; / D. the; the
22. Home milk delivery ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) has almost disappeared in China now, and gone with ________ are milkmen. 【来源:21cnj*y.co*m】
A. which B. it
C. what D. them
23. The previo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )us lecture focused on the reading problems in new words, while this lecture will turn to ________ in complex sentence structures.
A. that B. one
C. those D. ones
24. I turned to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bookstores and libraries seeking information about the book mentioned in his lecture, but found ________.
A. no one B. none
C. nothing D. anything
25. —What about the monthly test Is it easy
—Yes, but I don't think ________ can pass it.
A. somebody B. anybody
C. nobody D. everybody
26. While travelling, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Peter never enjoys visiting large cities because he thinks one city is much like ________.
A. the other B. another
C. the others D. others
27. —How did you find your bike, Lily
—I found it ________ a notice in the newspaper.
A. in exchange for B. by means of
C. in place of D. with regard to
28. —Can I have your business number
—You can call me, free of charge, ________ 66887790.
A. at B. by C. with D. for
29. His best-known ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )work that is ________ all praise can be seen in the museum.
A. with B. beyond C. without D. within
30. When the girl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) first arrived at the school, she wondered what the future might have ________, but now all the worries are gone.
A. in order B. in place
C. in store D. in preparation
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. A
9. A 10. A 11. B 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. C 16. B
17. B 18. A 19. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )D 20. A 21. A 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. C
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