Unit 1 How can we become good learners
Section B
学习目标
掌握本节生词、短语的表达与运用。
掌握单元语法
3. 通过句型解析,对课文内容有更深入的了解。
知识运用
1. increase
词性:_____ 意思:________
increase by...意为“增长了.....",by后常跟百分数、倍数等,表示增幅
increase to...意为“增长到.....”to后常跟具体数字
练习:Food prices _______ a lot.
2. ability
词性:________ 意思:________
have ability to do sth.表示“做某事的能力”
练习::She has the ________ to speak French fluently.
3. depend on
意思:________
其后可接名词、代词、动词-ing形式或从句。
既不能用于进行时态,也不能用于被动语态。
练习: Whether the game will be played ________ on the weather.
4. unless
词性:________ 意思:________
引导条件状语从句,相当于if... not...
unless引导的从的通常放在主句之后,也可以放在主句之前。当主句用一般将来时或是祈使句时,unless从句用一般现在时
练习:Don't play ________ you finish your work.
5. be good at
意思:________
be good at相当于 do well in...
其反义短语是 be bad for“对......有害”。
练习::He is ________ at singing and dancing.
6. be interested in
意思:________
be interested in= take an interest in
interested意为“对......感兴趣的” 主语通常是人,且多用于be(get, feel,become)interested in 结构中
interesting是形容词,有主动意味,意为“有趣的”作表语时,主语通常是物;
作定语时,既可修饰人,也可修饰物
练习:Even before he was ten, he became ________ in science.
句型梳理
1. Try to study and remember information bit by bit instead of waiting until the last minute to study everything at once.尽量一点一点地学习并且记住信息,而不是直到最后一分钟才马上学习一切
try to do sth.意为“尽力做某事”强调付出努力,但不一定成功
try doing sth.表示“尝试做某事”,含有看结果如何之意
instead of是介词短语,意为“代替;而不是”,后面可跟名词、代词或动词-ing 形式。作副词用,通常位于句末。位于句首时常用逗号与后面隔开。
2. Everything that you learn becomes a part of you and changes you,so learn wisely and learn well你所学的一切成为你的一部分而且改变了你,因此,要明智地学而且好好学。
这是一个复合句,其中“Everything that you learn”在句子中作主语,它本身是一个定语从句,先行词是 everything关系代词是 that。wisely 和 well 都是副词修饰动词 learn。
3. Even if you learn something well, you will forget it unless you use it. 即使你学得很好,但是如果你不用,你也将会忘了它。
Even if“即使,纵然”引导让步状语从句(=even though)
unless conj.除非,如果不;unless 是从属连词,引导条件状语从句,含有否定意义,相当于 if 条件状语从句的否定形式,所以unless = if not。
注意:unless 引导的条件状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句,与其他时同状语从句一样,从句中通带的后置定语时,从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
语法讲解
“by+动词-ing形式”表方式、方法
“by+动词-ing形式”在句子中作状语,表示方式方法等,by在此结构中有“通过,借助,用(某种方式或方法)”等含义。此外,“by+动词-ing形式”常用来回答how引导的特殊疑问句。
例:Mr.Green makes a living by teaching.格林先生以教书为生。
—How do you learn English 你怎样学习英语
—I learn by watching English movies我通过观看英文电影学习。
(1)“by+表示交通工具的名词(名词前不加冠词)”意为“乘/驾驶/坐……”
I went to Beijing by train我乘火车去的北京
Wang Ling often goes to school by bike.王玲经常骑自行车去上学。
(2)“by+时间"意为“不迟于;在……之前”。
I must get to school by 7:30. 我必须在7:30之前到校。
(3)“by+ 地点”意为“在……旁边;经过……"
We live by the sea我们住在海边。
They came in by the back door.他们从后门进来了
(4)“by+人"意为“由某人创作”。
I read a play by Shakespeare. 我读了一部莎士比亚写的戏剧。
辨析:by, with与in
by表示方式、方法
with表示使用某种工具、身体部位等
in表示用某种语言、材料等
He improved his listening by listening to English songs.他通过听英文歌曲提高了听力。
Cut it with a knife.用刀把它切开。
We always talk in English.我们总是用英语交谈。
She is writing in ink.她正在用钢笔写字。
练习:
根据汉语完成句子
1.你是否能够把这做好取决于你的能力
Whether or not you can do this well_______ _______your ability
2.你如果对英语感兴趣,就会学好
If you_______ _______ _______ English, You will learn well.
3.例如,他是我们班最好的学生
_______ _______, he is the best student in our class.
4工作可以交给他一个人。
He can be left to work_______ _______ _______.
5他不仅没有帮助我们,反而嘲笑我们
_______ _______ lending a hand, he laughed at us
单项填空
1. 1. You can't rely on her. _______, she arrived late yesterday.
A. Such as B. Fo example C.As a result D. That is to say
2. He will go to the mountains with his parents if it_______ next Sunday.
A. won't rain B. doesn't rain C. isn't rain D. will rain
3. Drinking too much_______ bad for us.
A. is B.am C.are D.be
4. I don't know_______computers.
A. what to use B. how to use
C. that to use D. which to use
5. It's very friendly _______ him to help me when I'm in trouble
A. for B. to C. of D. with
答案
知识运用
increased 2. ability 3. depend 4. unless 5. good 6.interested
语法精讲
1.depends on
2. are interested in
3. For example
4. on his own/all by himself
5. Instead of
1.B句意:你不能指望她,比如,她昨天就迟到了
2.B含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句中,主句用一般将来时,从句用
一般现在时表将来。根据语境应选 B。
3.A动名词短语作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数。
4.B句意:我不知道如何使用电脑。考查“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语
5.C句意:在我有困难时,他帮助我真是太友好了。It is+adj. of/for sb.to do sth.为“对某人来说做某事是.....的”。由句中的 friendly可知,介词用of。
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