Unit 7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes
Section A
学习目标
掌握本节生词、短语的表达与运用。
掌握单元语法
3. 通过句型解析,对课文内容有更深入的了解。
知识运用
1. safety
词性:________ 意思:________
safety的形容词形式是safe,意为“安全的”,副词形式是 safely,意为“安全地”
safe的反义词是 dangerous意为“危险的”;safely的反义词是 dangerously意为“危险地”
练习:For your own ________, please don't smoke inside the plane.
2. part-time
词性:________ 意思:________
其反义词是full-time“全职的”
练习:In America, many students do ________ jobs.
3. allow
词性:________ 意思:________
allow doing sth.允许做某事
allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事
be allowed to de被允许去做某事
练习:Smoking is not ________ in the public places.
4. tiny
词性:________ 意思:________
强调人或物特别小,比 small 与little都要小
练习:Her earings are ________.
5. run through
意思:________
run through指跑着从中间穿过;go through,walk through 也表示“穿过;通过”,go through 不强调穿过的方式,walk through 强调穿过的方式是“步行”。
练习:A river ________ the forest.
句型梳理
1. Parents should give teenagers chances to make their own decisions
父母应该给青少年自已做决定的机会
要点精析
give sb.a chance to do sth。意为“给某人做某事的机会”
例: Teachers should give students chances to show themselves
老师应当给学生展示他们自己的机会
知识拓展
have a chance to do sth.“有机会做某事或有做某事的机会
例:I hope to have a chance to take part in the sports meet
我希望有机会参加运动会。/我希望有参加运动会的机会
2. This way, when they start working they can manage their own lives.
这样,当他们开始工作时,他们才能应付他们自己的生活
要点精析
manage动词,意为“设法做成,努力完成(困难的事)”
例:How do you manage without a washing machine 没有洗衣机你怎么应对
辨析 manage to do sth.与 try to do sth.
manage to do sth.“设法做成某事”,强调结果
try to do sth.”尽力做某事”,强调动作,不强调结果
例: The shirt was very dirty, but he managed to clean it
这件衬衫很脏,但他设法把它洗干净了。
3. No way!不行!
要点精析
noway是口语中直接拒绝对方的常用语,表示不同意或拒绝时,意为“不行:没门儿;不可能;决不”。
例: -Can Iborrow your car 我可以借用你的车吗
No way!不行!
You should say sorry to him.你应该给他道歉
No way! 没门儿!
4. I don't think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive.我认为16岁的青少年不应该被允许开车
要点精析
think后跟宾语从句时,如果主句的主语是第一人称,变否定句时,要否定主句,而进行汉语翻译时要否定从句,这种现象在英语中叫否定转移
例:I don't think you are right.我认为你不对
I don't think we need waste much time on it.我想我们不需要在它上面浪费太多时间。
知识拓展
与 think的这种用法相同的单词还有 believe,suppose,expect,imagine等
例:I don't suppose that it is true.我认为那不是真的。
I don't imagine that he will come.我想他不会来的。
这种否定转移的复合句在变反意疑问句时附加疑问句要与从句一致,而且用肯定式。
例:I don't think the boy is clever, is he 我认为那个男孩儿不聪明,是吗
语法讲解
含有情态动词的被动语态
语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行着;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。为了表达主语与谓语动词存在的这种被动关系,谓语动词要变为过去分词形式
1含有情态动词的被动语态结构
情态动词(should/can/must/may/ could 等)+be+及物动词的过去分词+(其他)
例:Many trees should be planted on the mountains.应该在山上种许多树
2含有情态动词的被动语态的基本句式
(1)肯定句
主语+情态动词 (can,may,must 等) +be+及物动词的过去分词 (+其他)
(2)否定句:
主语+情态动词(can,may,must等) +not+be+及物动词的过去分词 (+其他)
(3) 问句:
情态动词(Can,May,Must等) +主语+be+及物动词的过去分词 (+其他)
例: We should allow teenagers to surf the Internet. 我们应该允许青少年上网
Teenagers should be allowed to surf the Internet. (被动语态肯定)
Teenagers should not be allowed to surf the Internet. (被动语态否定句)
Should teenagers be allowed to surf the Internet (被动语态疑问句)
3含有情态动词的主动句与被动句之间的转换
含有情态动词的主动句变为被动句时,要把主动句中的宾语变为被动句中的主语,主动句中的谓语变为“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”,主动句中的主语作介词 by的宾语(如果不强调动作的执行者,by短语可省略)
主动句: She must clean her room every day.主语谓语宾语
被动句:Her room must be cleaned (by her) every day.每天她必须打扫她的房间。
练习:
1.The dictionary _____ belong to Sam. You can see his name on it.
A. can B. must C. need D. would
2.We ________ chase each other in the classroom. That’s our class rule.
A.must B.mustn’t C.may D.may not
3.There’s too much traffic in the street. You ________ play football there.
A.must B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.keeps
4.Young Chinese people ________ keep the motherland at heart, aim high, and have their feet firmly on the ground.
A.should B.can C.may D.need
5.—What's the meaning of the activity "Let's Save"?
—Paper ________ in everyday life.
A. should waste B. shouldn't waste
C. shouldn't be wasted D. should be wasted
答案
知识运用
safety 2. part-time 3. allowed 4. tiny 5. runs through
语法精讲
1.答案:B
解析:can意为"能"; must意为"必须; 一定"; need意为"需要"; would意为"将; 会"。根据后一句句意"你能在上面看到他的名字。"可知, 此处表示这本词典一定属于萨姆。
2.答案:B
解析:must必须;mustn't禁止; may可以;may not可能不。根据That's our class rule"那是我们的班规"可知,我们"禁止"在教室里互相追逐。故选:B。
3.答案:C
解析:句意:大街上车辆很多,你不准在那儿踢足球考查情态动词。must必须;needn’t没有必要;mustn't禁止;keeps保持。根据前一句“There's too much traffic in the street”可知大街上车辆多,后一句应该是在警告他禁止在街上踢足球因为很危险。用mustn’t表达“禁止,不准”。故选C。
4.答案:A
解析:A.应该;B.能;C.可以;D.需要;本句意为:年轻的中国人_____把祖国放在心里,目标高远,脚踏实地。根据句意可知,这里应该选A选项符合题意,故选A。
5.答案:C
解析:should应该,否定形式是shouldn't;分析句子结构,可知主语paper是动词waste"浪费"的受动者,需用"be done"被动语态结构;结合语境,本句表达的意思是"不应该浪费纸张",需用含情态动词的被动语态(情态动词+be+Vpp)。故选:C。
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