Book1 Unit4 Natural Disasters Section II
Reading and Thinking 同步测试 (原卷版)
【大单元教学】2023-2024 学年高一英语同步备课系列
（人教版 2019 必修第一册）
一、完形填空
A 57-year-old Tonga man survived a night in the ocean after a tsunami (海啸) wave swept him out to sea last
Saturday.
Lisala Folau was painting his house last Saturday, 1 his brother told him a tsunami was moving
toward the small island of Atata. The island has a population of about 60.
Folau is 2 and has difficulty walking. He climbed a tree to 3 the first wave but when he got
down, another big wave 4 him away.
Folau was swept out to sea at about 7 p.m. local time. Then, he 5 or swam another eight hours to a second 6 with no one living on it before finally swimming again to the main island of Tongatapu. The
7 lasted more than 27 hours and 8 7.5 kilometres.
Folau said that he went 9 nine times. The ninth tine he went under and came up and 10
a log. And that’s what kept him 11 .
Tongan officials said they learned a man was 12 from Atata island and they weren’t very 13
about it.
There was even a video recorded by Folau’s son, who went 14 for his father. The video shows, that almost 15 was left standing on the island other than a church, where many of the villagers took ad
16 .
“It’s one of these 17 that happens,” said an official.
The story of Folau’s 18 went viral among Tongan groups on social media. “Real life Aquaman,” said one post, 19 the comic book and movie character. When 20 if he knew who Aquaman
was, Folau said he did not.
1 ．A ．before B ．since C ．while D ．when
2 ．A ．disabled B ．depressed C ．astonished D ．annoyed
3 ．A ．observe B ．escape C ．dismiss D ．spy
4 ．A ．wore
5 ．A ．struggled
6 ．A ．church
7 ．A ．experience
8 ．A ．contained
9 ．A ．straight
10 ．A . 11 ．A . 12 ．A . 13 ．A . 14 ．A . 15 ．A . 16 ．A . 17 ．A . 18 ．A . 19 ．A . 20 ．A . grabbed waiting injured optimistic praising everything charge migrations video referring to accused
B ．put
B ．dived
B ．island
B ．accident
B ．continued
B ．free
B ．threw
B ．standing
B ．missing
B ．concerned
B ．applying
B ．anything
B ．shelter
B ．mistakes
B ．fiction
B ．leading to
B ．asked
C ．swept D ．blew
C ．sank D ．drifted
C ．log D ．distance
C ．exploration D ．challenge
C ．spread D ．covered
C ．underwater D ．forward
C ．struck D ．chased
C ．resting D ．going
C ．dangerous D ．ridiculous
C ．curious D ．certain
C ．searching D ．praying
C ．something D ．nothing
C ．action D ．effect
C ．miracles D ．participants
C ．adventure D ．survival
C ．taking to D ．contributing to
C ．doubted D ．introduced
二、阅读理解 Passage A
On Friday January 14, 2022, blast was heard 2,000 km away in New Zealand and 3,300 km away in Australia. Boats crashed into a quiet harbor in Southern California, a remote island was battered in Japan by 4 foot waves and two women were swept to their deaths on a beach in Peru some 6,000 miles from an undersea volcanic
eruption so powerful that the tsunami which it set off stirred ocean waters halfway across the globe.
But on Sunday, as reports of the volcano’s effect crowded in from far-flung countries, there was little word from Tonga, the island nation just 40 miles from the site of the extraordinary explosion. As concerns from all over the world grew, the nation of about 100,000 people remained largely cut off from the rest of the world, its
undersea internet cables knocked out of commission by the volcano.
In Tonga on Sunday, many residents lost not only communication channels but electric power. Up to 80,000
people there could be affected, the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies told the BBC .
New Zealand and other nations in the region pledged to give Tonga aid to recover. But with heavy concentrations of airborne ash making flights impossible, just like the Iceland volcano eruption in 2021, it was difficult even to know what was needed. Ardern, the New Zealand prime minister, said flights over Tonga were
planned for Monday or Tuesday, depending on ash conditions.
Tonga has experienced a succession of natural disasters in recent years. In 2018, more than 170 homes were destroyed and two people killed by Cyclone Gita, a Category 5 tropical storm. In 2020, Cyclone Harold caused
about $111 million in damage.
21 ．How much area of the seawater did the volcano stir
A ．20%. B ．30%. C ．50%. D ．70%.
22 ．Which phrase can replace the underlined words “out of commission”
A ．out of action B ．out of range C ．out of existence D ．out of account
23 ．What can be inferred from the passage
A ．New Zealand as well as other nations in the region gave Tonga aid timely.
B ．The Iceland volcano eruption in 2021 made nearby flights delayed.
C ．Flights could reach Tonga two days after the eruption.
D ．The undersea volcanic eruption caused severer damage to Tonga than ever before.
24 ．What section of a newspaper may this passage be taken from
A ．Home news. B ．Business news.
C ．Travel news. D ．International news.
Passage B
There is always something that happens in the world that everyone fears will happen to their town, city or country: natural disasters. The scariest part of it is that no one will ever see it coming. Though technology helps us prepare, but it never actually tells the people what time it’s going to hit, It is always estimated, but the result is
never 100% accurate.
However, that is not the point of this article. Two different natural disasters in two different parts of the world have happened in the past few weeks. One is a major flood that has hit Louisiana in the United States. The other was an earthquake that hit Amatrice, Italy. However. there is a major difference in the news coverage (新闻
报道) of the two tragedies.
As for the flooding in Louisiana, it is reported that this disaster is the worst to hit the United States since super - storm Sandy and it’ll cost at least $ 30 million. In only the first couple of weeks, 13 people had died. However, like me, many people did not hear about this tragic event. I did not learn about it until about three
weeks after it happened.
In Italy, however, it covered all media instantly. The earthquake in Italy happened on Tuesday morning. That same day, I was on Twitter and that was all that was over the news feed. Every other post was about the earthquake. Some would have the opinion that Amatrice, Italy was one of the most beautiful towns in that country. I got in deep sorrow because there were more people killed in this quake than the flooding. So far, they
have a total of 73 dead and over one - hundred missing.
I understand that technically the earthquake in Italy was worse than the floods in Louisiana. However, I believe that if a natural disaster happens, they all should be equally covered and taken equally as serious. We are one world united and should be there for all of the people out there who are in need of help. We may not be able
to accurately predict disasters, but we can surely lend a hand out for the needy.
25 ．What really concerns the author about the two natural disasters
A ．The death and the injured. B ．The media report.
C ．The government’s responsibility. D ．Their economic loss.
26 ．Why did the author learn about the flood so late
A ．He didn't care about the flood. B ．He felt nervous about the news.
C ．The media didn't cover it in time. D ．The flood frightened the author a lot.
27 ．How does the author feel about the earthquake in Italy
A ．Proud. B ．Critical. C ．Pitiful. D ．Sad.
28 ．What does the author really want to say in the text
A ．Italy isn’t good at predicting the natural disasters.
B ．All natural disasters should be covered equally.
C ．The world should be united into one instantly.
D ．America should help Italy predict natural disasters.
Passage C
The Great Salt Lake, America’s largest natural lake west of the Mississippi River, has reached its lowest levels
in recorded history. Officials in Utah say the state needs to take serious measures to prevent further drops in lake
levels.
The current state of the Great Salt Lake follows serious dry conditions affecting Utah and other western states. Water has also been taken from the lake to supply homes and crops in Utah, one of the nation’s fastest
growing states. Utah is also one of the driest American states, but has high water usage rates.
The serious drop in lake levels has raised concerns in the state about harmful dust, environmental damage and economic problems. Further water loss is expected to present serious risks to millions of migrating ( 迁徙) birds. It could also hurt a lake-based economy expected to be worth$1.3 billion. Economic activities include the production of minerals and brine shrimp (虾) and tourism. Health experts also fear that a dry lakebed could send
poisonous dust into the air that millions of people breathe.
One proposal would seek to limit water use in homes and businesses. Another would pay farmers for sharing their water. A third would direct money from mineral production activities to programs aimed at improving the
lake.
Zach Frankel is director of the nonprofit Utah Rivers Council. He says he thinks major action is needed in order to save the Great Salt Lake. “It’s not going to do it with baby steps. These are tiny baby steps that should
have been taken 20 years ago,” Frankel said.
If the water levels continue to drop, the lake could get too salty for the microorganisms to survive. This has
already happened in the bright pink waters of the lake’s northern arm.
Vanden Berg is still hopeful about the southern arm, where a part of the microorganisms did survive last
year’s lake drop.” It’s bad but not hopeless yet,” he said, “There is still time to fix and improve the situation.”
29 ．What does Zach Frankel mean by his words about lake protection
A ．It is too late to protect the lake.
B ．Small actions are not enough.
C ．Action should be taken bit by bit.
D ．The government hasn’t realized its importance.
30 ．Which of the following can best describe Vanden Beg’s opinion
A ．Better late than never. B ．All roads lead to Rome.
C ．No pain, no gain. D ．Where there is a will, there is a way.
31 ．What can be the best title for the text
A ．Drought Has Reduced Lake Water in the U.S.
B ．Climate Change Affects People Living Round Lakes
C ．Protecting the Great Salt Lake Is Necessary for Neighborhood
D ．Officials Consider Measures to Save the Great Salt Lake
Passage D
In a natural disaster — a hurricane, flood, volcanic eruption, or other catastrophes ( 灾难) — minutes and even seconds of warning can make the difference between life and death. Because of this, scientists are working to use the latest technological advances to predict when and where disasters will happen. They are also studying
how to analyse and communicate this information in the best way once it is obtained.
On September 29,1998. Hurricane Georges made landfall ( 登陆) Biloxi, Mississippi, after damaging several islands of the Caribbean badly with rains and winds up to 160 km per hour. Few people lost their lives along the
Gulf Coast of the United States.
This was a very different outcome ( 结果) from 1900, when a powerful Gulf Coast hurricane had made an
unexpected direct hit on Galveston, Texas, killing at least 6,000 people.
Vastly improved hurricane warnings explain the different circumstances ( 状况) at either end of the 20th century — residents of Galveston had no advance warning that a storm was approaching, while residents of Biloxi
had been warned days in advance, allowing for safety precautions (预防措施).
While people in Biloxi were thankful for the advance warning, some residents of New Orleans, Louisiana were less satisfied. A day before Hurricane Georges made landfall, forecasters were predicting that the hurricane had a good chance of striking New Orleans. Because much of New Orleans lies below sea level, the city is at risk
from flooding. Emergency management officials must begin evacuations (疏散) well before a storm strikes.
But evacuation costs money: Businesses close, tourists leave, and citizens take precautionary measures. The mayor of New Orleans estimated that his city’s preparation for Georges cost more than 50 million. After Georges missed New Orleans, some residents questioned the value of the hurricane forecasts in the face of such high
costs.
The different views on the early warnings for Hurricane Georges show some of the complexities related to predicting disasters. Disaster prediction is a process of providing scientific information to the government officials
and other decision makers who must respond to those predictions.
32 ．What is the purpose of disaster prediction according to the passage
A ．To identify the cause of disasters.
B ．To save people’s lives and property.
C ．To prevent natural disasters happening.
D ．To apply technology to disaster prediction.
33 ．Which of the following statement is true
A ．Hurricane Georges hit Biloxi unexpectedly in 1998.
B ．Severe damage was caused in Hurricane Georges in 1998.
C ．Few people lost their lives in the Gulf Coast hurricane in 1900.
D ．Advance warning made a difference to the people in Biloxi in 1998.
34 ．The residents of New Orleans were less satisfied because .
A ．the hurricane did not hit the city
B ．their preparations were made in vain
C ．the hurricane warning arrived rather late
D ．they suffered from a heavy hurricane attack
35 ．What does the passage mainly talk about
A ．The different ways of disaster prediction.
B ．Technological advances in disaster prediction.
C ．The benefits and preparations of disaster prediction.
D ．The importance and uncertainty of disaster prediction.
Passage E 阅读理解 七选五
The thought of a natural disaster can be frightening, but you can prepare yourself and your family with an
emergency kit. Though you may not know what kind of disaster will strike or when, 36 .
●Pack a 3-day supply of food and water. Choose food items with a long shelf life, which don’t require refrigeration or little cooking, such as canned goods and packaged items, in case you don’t have power due to a disaster. Besides, Store 1 gallon (3.8 L) of water per person (and per pet) per day. 37 , so be sure to include
plenty of purified (净化的) water in bottles.
● 38 . Pack emergency blankets. sleeping bags, and a tent or two in case you can’t stay in your home. A
multipurpose tool like a knife and a whistle would also be handy to have in your kit.
●Pack electronics and batteries. In the event of a big disaster, be sure to have several flashlights, an AM/FM
radio, and extra batteries, 39 .
●Include medicine and a first aid kit. Prescription and over-the-counter medicines should be included in your kit. 40 . Pack extra glasses and any other medical supplies that may be needed, like hearing aids with
extra batteries.
A ．here are some tips for you
B ．Add shelter and safety supplies
C ．It’s best to store enough water for 2 weeks
D ．Tap water may be unsafe to drink in the event of a disaster
E ．you’ll be ready for an emergency if you take the time to get well prepared
F ．Add a basic first aid kit containing instant ice packs, bandages, scissors and so on
G ．because your landline, cell phone will probably not work during a natural disaster
三、短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，
每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意： 1.每处错误及其修改均限一词; 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。
There are many hurricanes occur around the world every year. Knowing what to do during a hurricane is of
great important to survive.
Listening to the weather forecast so that you know when a hurricane is coming. If a hurricane warning is issued, stop doing whichever you’re busy with, which is always the most efficient way to avoid caught in a hurricane. If you were walking outside, stop and find a shelter under which can protect you from a hurricane. If you are in your car when a hurricane comes, remain in it and turn on the engine, waiting until the hurricane dies down. If you are inside your house, do remember to close the windows and doors until you are sure when the
wind is not that strong enough to blow it open.
四、书面表达 （应用文）
天气逐渐变冷，用电量开始增大。请写一篇短文在你校英文报上投稿，倡议大家安全用电。内容包括：
1.安全用电的重要性;
2.安全用电的注意事项。
注意：
1.词数 100 左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Safe Use of ElectricityBook1 Unit4 Natural Disasters Section II
Reading and Thinking 同步测试 (答案)
【大单元教学】2023-2024 学年高一英语同步备课系列
（人教版 2019 必修第一册）
一、完形填空
1 ．D 2 ．A 3 ．B 4 ．C 5 ．D 6 ．B 7 ．A 8 ．D 9 ．C 10 ．A
11 ．D 12 ．B 13 ．A 14 ．C 15 ．D 16 ．B 17 ．C 18 ．D 19 ．A 20 ．B
【导语】文章是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了海啸将一名 57 岁的汤加男子冲入海中，他在海里度过了
一个夜晚后获救。
1 ．考查连词词义辨析。句意： Lisala Folau 上周六正在粉刷他的房子，这时他的哥哥告诉他海啸正在向阿塔 塔小岛移动。 A. before 之前；B. since 自从，因为；C. while 当…… 时候；D. when 当…… 时候。此处 when 为并
列连词，意为“正在这时，突然” 。常用于 be doing... when...的句型。故选 D 项。
2 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：福劳残疾，行走困难。A. disabled 残疾的；B. depressed 抑郁的，沮丧的； C. astonished 吃惊的；D. annoyed 懊恼的，生气的。根据后文“has difficulty walking”，故可判断此处为福劳残
疾，行走困难。故选 A 项。
3 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他爬上树躲避第一波浪，但当他下来时，另一个大浪把他卷走了。 A. observe 观察；B. escape 逃脱；C. dismiss 开除，解雇；D. spy 突然看见， 认出。根据常识和上文语境“a tsunami was moving
toward the small island”海啸正在移动到来，可知他爬树躲避第一波波浪。故选 B 项。
4 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他爬上树躲避第一波浪， 但当他下来时， 另一个大浪把他卷走了。 A. wore 穿； B. put 放，安置；C. swept 扫除；D. blew 吹。根据下文“Folau was swept out to sea at about 7 p.m. local time.”
在 7 点左右被卷入大海，可知，此处为 sweep away 意为“卷走” 。故选 C 项。
5 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他又漂流或游泳了 8 个小时，来到了第二个无人居住的岛屿，最后又 游到了汤加塔普主岛。A. struggled 斗争；B. dived 潜水；C. sank 下沉；D. drifted 漂流。根据语境和下文“or swam another eight hours”可知， 被卷入大海， 他又漂流或游泳了 8 个小时， 来到了第二个无人居住的岛屿。故选
D 项。
6 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，他又漂流或游泳了 8 个小时，来到了第二个无人居住的岛屿，最后又
游到了汤加塔普主岛。 A. church 教堂；B. island 岛屿；C. log 日志；D. distance 距离。根据前文和“before finally
swimming again to the main island of Tongatapu”可知他先游到了一个无人居住的岛上。故选 B 项。
7 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次体验持续了 27 个多小时，行程 7.5 公里。 A. experience 经历；B. accident
事故； C. exploration 探索； D. challenge 挑战。由上下文句意可知，此处指前文所述的“经历” 。故选 A 项。
8 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次体验持续了 27 个多小时，行程 7.5 公里。 A. contained 包含；B. continued 继续；C. spread 传播；D. covered 行走。由下文“7.5 kilometres”可知，此处 cover 意为“行走(一段路程)”为 7.5
公里。故选 D 项。
9 ．考查副词词义辨析。句意：福劳说他下过九次水。 A. straight 直线地；B. free 自由地；C. underwater 在水 下； D. forward 向前。根据后文“The ninth time he went under and came up”可知，福劳浮上海面，说明他下
过九次水。故选 C 项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第九次， 他钻到下面， 又浮上来， 抓住了一根木头。A. grabbed 抓住；B. threw 扔；C. struck 碰撞；D. chased 追赶。由句意以及上文“came up 浮上来”可知，浮上海面后，他抓住了一根木
头。故选 A 项。
11 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是他继续前行的原因。 A. waiting 等待； B. standing 站立； C. resting 休 息；D. going 行走。根据前文他钻到水下，又浮上来，抓住了一根木头可知，由于这根木头，行动不便的他
得以继续前行。故选 D 项。
12 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：汤加官员表示，他们得知一名男子在阿塔塔岛失踪，他们对此不太乐观。 A. injured 受伤的； B. missing 失踪的； C. dangerous 危险的； D. ridiculous 荒唐的。根据上文“The island has a
population of about 60.”可知岛上人口极少，福劳被卷入大海，人们很容易知道他失踪了。故选 B 项。
13 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：汤加官员表示，他们得知一名男子在阿塔塔岛失踪，他们对此不太乐观。 A. optimistic 乐观的； B. concerned 担心的； C. curious 好奇的； D. certain 确定的。根据上文语境可知，官员
们了解到一个人在海啸后失踪，他们对其幸存不抱有乐观态度。故选 A 项。
14 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：福劳的儿子甚至还录下了一段寻找父亲的视频。 A. praising 赞扬；B. applying 申请；C. searching 搜寻；D. praying 祈祷。由福劳的失踪不见，可知，此处为福劳的儿子甚至还录下了一段
寻找父亲的视频。 search for 意为“搜寻” 。故选 C 项。
15 ．考查代词词义辨析。句意：视频显示，岛上除了一座教堂，几乎什么都没有了，许多村民都在那里避 难。 A. everything 一切，所有；B. anything 任何东西；C. something 一些事情；D. nothing 什么都没有。根据 下文“was left standing on the island other than a church”可知，海啸后，除了一座教堂，岛上几乎荡然无存。
故选 D 项。
16 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：视频显示，岛上除了一座教堂，几乎什么都没有了，许多村民都在那里避
难。 A. charge 要价，充电，指控；B. shelter 避难所；C. action 行为；D. effect 影响。根据上文语境可知，海 啸后，除了一座教堂，岛上几乎荡然无存，岛民应该是在教堂里避难，此处为 take shelter 意为“ 寻求庇护；
存身；避难” ，满足句意要求。故选 B 项。
17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位官员说：“这是奇迹之一。”A. migrations 迁移；B. mistakes 错误；C. miracles 奇迹；D. participants 参与者。根据首尾两段以及文章所述过程可知，被卷入大海的福劳获救，这是一个“奇
迹” 。故选 C 项。
18 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：福劳幸存的故事在社交媒体上迅速在汤加人群体中传播开来。 A. video 视频； B. fiction 小说；C. adventure 冒险；D. survival 幸存。根据第一段“A 57-year-old Tonga man survived a night in the ocean after a tsunami wave swept him out to sea last Saturday.”可知，被卷入大海的福劳获救，此处 go viral
意为“走红” 。指他的幸免于难在媒体上火了。故选 D 项。
19 ．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意： “现实生活中的海王， ”一个帖子说，指的是漫画和电影中的角色。 A. referring to 指的是；B. leading to 引导，通往；C. taking to 喜欢，开始从事；D. contributing to 致力于。根据 上文“Aquaman”和下文“the comic book and movie character”可知， Aquaman (海王)指的是漫画和电影中的角
色。故选 A 项。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当被问及他是否知道海王是谁时， 福劳说他不知道。A. accused 指控；B. asked 问；C. doubted 怀疑；D. introduced 介绍。根据上文“福劳被称为现实生活中的海王”和下文“Folau said he did
not”可知，此处为当被问及他是否知道海王是谁时，福劳说他不知道。故选 B 项。
二、阅读理解
Passage A 答案： C A B D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了汤加受到火山喷发的影响而与世界其他地区基本隔绝。
21 ．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“an undersea volcanic eruption so powerful that the tsunami which it set off stirred ocean waters halfway across the globe (海底火山爆发的威力如此之大，以至于它引发的海啸搅动了半
个地球的海水)”可知，火山搅动了约 50%的海水，故选 C。
22 ．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“the nation of about 100,000 people remained largely cut off from the rest of the world (这个约有 10 万人口的国家在很大程度上仍然与世界其他地区隔绝)”以及下文“by the volcano (被火 山)”可推知， 此处指这个国家与世界其他地区基本隔绝了， 所以其海底互联网电缆因火山爆发而中断， 因此 划线的短语“out of commission”意思是“不能使用的”，A 项“out of action (不能工作、无法运转)”与画线短语意
思相近。故选 A。
23 ．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的“But with heavy concentrations of airborne ash making flights
impossible, just like the Iceland volcano eruption in 2021, it was difficult even to know what was needed. (但由于 空气中火山灰浓度很高，飞行变得不可能，就像 2021 年冰岛火山爆发一样，甚至很难知道需要什么)”可推
知， 2021 年冰岛火山爆发导致了附近航班延误。故选 B。
24 ．推理判断题。通读全文， 再根据文章第一段“On Friday January 14, 2022, blast was heard 2,000 km away in New Zealand and 3,300 km away in Australia. (2022 年 1 月 14 日星期五， 2000 公里外的新西兰和 3300 公里外
的澳大利亚都听到了爆炸声)”以及倒数第二段“New Zealand and other nations in the region pledged to give
Tonga aid to recover. (新西兰和该地区其他国家承诺向汤加提供恢复援助)”可推知，本文主要报道了汤加受到
火山喷发的影响而与世界其他地区基本隔绝，所以最有可能摘自报纸的国际新闻版面。故选 D。
Passage B 答案： B C D B
【导语】本文为一篇议论文。文章通过比较美国的路易斯安那州的洪水的报道和意大利的阿马特里切的地 震的报道，作者认为自然灾害无大小，新闻媒体都应该及时报导，应该同样地严肃对待，应该让人们及时
知晓，这样人们可以向受害者伸出援助之手。
25 ．细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“However, there is a major difference in the news coverage of the two tragedies. (然而， 对这两起悲剧的新闻报道有一个很大的不同) ”，第三段的最后两句“However, like me, many
people did not hear about this tragic event. I did not learn about it until about three weeks after it happened. (然
而，像我一样，许多人并没有听说这个悲惨的事件。我直到三周后才知道这件事)”,以及第四段“In Italy,
however, it covered all media instantly. The earthquake in Italy happened on Tuesday morning. That same day, I
was on Twitter and that was all that was over the news feed. (然而，在意大利，它立即覆盖了所有媒体。意大 利的地震发生在周二上午。就在同一天， 我在推特上， 这就是新闻动态的全部内容)”可知， 同样是灾难， 美 国媒体对洪灾报道很少并且不及时，而意大利地震发生后，其消息瞬间出现在意大利的各媒体头条。由此
可知，对于这两个自然灾害，作者关注的是媒体的报导。故选 B 项。
26 ．推理判断题。根据第三段的最后两句“However, like me, many people did not hear about this tragic event. I did not learn about it until about three weeks after it happened.(然而，像我一样，许多人并没有听说这个悲惨 的事件。我直到三周后才知道这件事)”可知， 因为媒体的报导不及时， 很多人不知道路易斯安那州发生的洪
灾，包括作者。故选 C 项。
27．细节理解题。根据第四段的“I got in deep sorrow because there were more people killed in this quake than the flooding.(我陷入深深的悲伤中， 因为在这次地震中丧生的人比洪水还多)”可知， 意大利的地震造成更多的人
员伤亡，这让作者陷入深深的悲伤之中。故选 D 项。
28．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“However, I believe that if a natural disaster happens, they all should be equally
covered and taken equally as serious. (然而，我认为，如果发生自然灾害，应该同等报道，同等重视)”可知，
作者认为，不管什么样的自然灾害发生之后，新闻媒体都应该及时报导，应该严肃对待。故选 B 项。
Passage C 答案： B A D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述美国密西西比河以西最大的天然湖泊大盐湖已经达到了有记录以来
的最低水位。以及该州需要采取严肃措施，防止湖泊水位进一步下降。
29 ．细节理解题。根据第五段“He says he thinks major action is needed in order to save the Great Salt Lake. “It’s
not going to do it with baby steps. These are tiny baby steps that should have been taken 20 years ago,” Frankel
said.(他说，他认为需要采取重大行动来拯救大盐湖。弗兰克尔说： “这不是婴儿步。这些是 20 年前应该采 取的婴儿步。 ” 。)”可知， Zach Frankel 认为需要采取重大行动来拯救大盐湖。这不是一小步一小步就能做到
的。即小的行动不足以拯救大盐湖。故选 B 项。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“‘It’s bad but not hopeless yet,’ he said. ‘There is still time to fix and improve the situation.’(“情况很糟糕，但还没有绝望， ”他说还有时间来解决和改善这种情况。 ”)”可知，情况很糟糕，但
还不是没有希望，即亡羊补牢为时未晚（迟做总比不做好）。故选 A 项。
31 ．主旨大意题。由文章第一段“The Great Salt Lake, America’s largest natural lake west of the Mississippi
River, has reached its lowest levels in recorded history. Officials in Utah say the state needs to take serious
measures to prevent further drops in lake levels.(大盐湖是美国密西西比河以西最大的天然湖泊，已达到有记 录以来的最低水平。犹他州官员表示， 该州需要采取认真措施， 防止湖面水位进一步下降。)”以及下文可知， 本文主要讲大盐湖已达到有记录以来的最低水平。犹他州的官员说该州需要采取严厉措施，防止湖泊水位
进一步下降。故选 D 项。
Passage D 答案：B D B D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲灾害预测的重要性和不确定性，它是为了挽救人民的生命财产，
但目前技术还有限。
32．细节理解题。由第一段中的“In a natural disaster — a hurricane, flood, volcanic eruption, or other catastrophes (灾难) — minutes and even seconds of warning can make the difference between life and death. (在自然灾害中 ——飓风、洪水、火山爆发或其他灾难—— 几分钟甚至几秒钟的警告可以决定生死)”可知，灾难预测的目的
是为了挽救人民的生命和减少财产损失。故选 B 项。
33 ．细节理解题。由第二段“On September 29,1998. Hurricane Georges made landfall (登陆) Biloxi, Mississippi,
after damaging several islands of the Caribbean badly with rains and winds up to 160 km per hour. Few people
lost their lives along the Gulf Coast of the United States. (1998 年 9 月 29 日。飓风乔治登陆密西西比州的比洛 克西。此前，加勒比海的几个岛屿遭到严重破坏，降雨和风速高达每小时 160 公里。很少有人在美国海湾
沿岸丧生)”，第四段中的“residents of Galveston had no advance warning that a storm was approaching, while
residents of Biloxi had been warned days in advance, allowing for safety precautions (预防措施). (加尔维斯顿的
居民没有收到风暴即将来临的预先警告， 而比洛克西的居民则提前几天收到警告， 以便采取安全预防措施)”
和第五段中的“While people in Biloxi were thankful for the advance warning, some residents of New Orleans,
Louisiana were less satisfied. (虽然比洛克西的人们对事先发出的警告表示感谢，但路易斯安那州新奥尔良的 一些居民却不那么满意)”可知， 因为比洛克西的居民提前几天收到风暴即将来临的预先警告， 采取了安全预 防措施，所以很少有人在美国海湾沿岸丧生，说明“1998 年，提前警告对比洛克西的人民产生了影响”正确。
故选 D 项。
34．细节理解题。由第五段中的“A day before Hurricane Georges made landfall, forecasters were predicting that the hurricane had a good chance of striking New Orleans. (在飓风“乔治”登陆的前一天， 气象预报员预测飓风很
有可能袭击新奥尔良)”和倒数第二段中的“After Georges missed New Orleans, some residents questioned the
value of the hurricane forecasts in the face of such high costs. (飓风“乔治”错过新奥尔良后，面对如此高昂的成 本， 一些居民质疑飓风预报的价值)”可知， 预测说飓风“乔治”会袭击新奥尔良， 新奥尔良花费高昂成本进行 了疏散工作， 但最后飓风“乔治”没有袭击新奥尔良， 新奥尔良的城市居民不满意是因为他们的准备是徒劳的。
故选 B 项。
35 ．主旨大意题。第一段讲“ 灾难预测的重要性和意义” ，第二三段讲“飓风“乔治”对美洲多地造成的危害”， 第四段讲“提前警告对比洛克西的人民产生了好的影响” ，第五六七段通过“新奥尔良的城市居民在灾害来临 前做了充足的准备，但灾害却绕过了新奥尔良”讲“灾害的复杂性和不确定性” 。由此可知，文章主要讲灾害 预测的重要性和不确定性，它是为了挽救人民的生命财产，但目前技术还有限， D 项“灾害预测的重要性和
不确定性”符合文意。故选 D 项。
Passage E 答案： E D B G F
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了应对自然灾害，你可以为自己和家人准备一个应急包，
并介绍了应急包中应该备有什么物品。
36 ．根据上文“The thought of a natural disaster can be frightening, but you can prepare yourself and your family with an emergency kit.(想到自然灾害可能会令人恐惧，但你可以为自己和家人准备一个应急包。 )”可知，你
可以准备一个应急包；而空前“Though you may not know what kind of disaster will strike or when,(虽然你可能
不知道什么样的灾难会在什么时候发生， )”的逗号暗示，所选选项的首字母不需要大写；并且空处再次说明 做好准备的必要性。选项 E“you’ll be ready for an emergency if you take the time to get well prepared(如果你花
时间做好充分准备，你就能应对紧急情况)”首字母没有大写，且内容上承上启下。故选 E。
37 ．根据上文“Besides, Store 1 gallon (3.8 L) of water per person (and per pet) per day.(此外， 每人(每只宠物)每 天需储存 1 加仑(3.8 升)的水。)”下文“so be sure to include plenty of purified(净化的) water in bottles.(所以一定 要在瓶子里放足够的纯净水。 )”可知， 一定要准备足够的水，并保证水的安全性。选项 D“Tap water may be unsafe to drink in the event of a disaster(如果发生灾难，自来水可能不安全，不能饮用)”符合上下文内容。故
选 D。
38．空处为段首句， 为本段主要内容。根据下文“Pack emergency blankets. sleeping bags, and a tent or two in case
you can’t stay in your home. A multipurpose tool like a knife and a whistle would also be handy to have in your
kit.(装上紧急毯子， 睡袋和一两个帐篷， 以防你不能呆在家里。像刀和哨子这样的多功能工具放在你的工具 箱里也很方便。)”可知， 本段讲的是带上安全用品。选项 B“Add shelter and safety supplies(带上遮蔽物以及安
全用品)”与本段大意一致。故选 B。
39 ．根据段首句“Pack electronics and batteries. (封装电子产品和电池。 )”可知，本段和电子产品相关；以及 空前“In the event of a big disaster, be sure to have several flashlights, an AM/FM radio, and extra batteries,(在发 生大灾难的时候， 一定要有几个手电筒， 一个 AM/FM 收音机，和额外的电池， )”中的逗号可知，空处单词 首字母无需大写。选项 G“because your landline, cell phone will probably not work during a natural disaster(因为
你的座机、手机在自然灾害中可能无法工作。 )”解释了带电池、手电筒和收音机的原因。故选 G。
40 ．根据段首句“Include medicine and a first aid kit.(包括药品和急救箱。 )”可知，本段与急救相关；空前
“Prescription and over-the-counter medicines should be included in your kit.(你的药箱中应该包括处方药和非处 方药。 )”建议读者备上药；而空后“Pack extra glasses and any other medical supplies that may be needed, like hearing aids with extra batteries.(带上额外的眼镜和其他可能需要的医疗用品，比如带额外电池的助听器。 )” 也建议带上一些应急用品。选项 F“Add a basic first aid kit containing instant ice packs, bandages, scissors and so
on(准备一个基本的急救箱，里面有速冻冰袋、绷带、剪刀等)”也和急救相关，与上下文意一致。故选 F。
三、短文改错
1. occur→occurring
2. important→importance
3. Listening→ Listen
4. whichever→whatever
5. avoid 后面加 being
6. were→are
7. under 去掉
8. on→off
9. when→that
10. it→them
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。每年都有许多飓风在世界各地发生。知道在飓风中如何做对生存非常重要。
【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意：每年世界各地都会发生许多飓风。 are 是谓语动词， occur 与所修饰的名
词 hurricanes 在逻辑上是主动关系，要用现在分词作后置定语。故 occur 改为 occuring。
2.考查名词。句意：知道在飓风期间做什么对生存是非常重要的。 be of importance=be important 表示“重
要的” 。great 修饰名词。故 important 改为 importance。
3.考查祈使句。句意：听天气预报， 这样你就知道飓风什么时候会来。祈使句要用动词原形开头。故 listening
改为 listen。
4.考查名词从句。句意：如果飓风警报发出，停止你正在做的任何事情，这总是避免陷入飓风的最有效的方
法。 stop doing whatever you’re busy with.停止做你正在做的任何事。 whatever 没有范围的任何事，而
whichever 表示有选择范围的。故 whichever 改为 whatever。
5.考查固定搭配。句意：如果飓风警报发出，停止你正在做的事情，这总是避免陷入飓风的最有效的方法。 avoid doing sth.表示“避免做某事”。be caught in...“被困于……，陷入……”所以要在 avoid 后面加 being。故在 avoid
后面加 being。
6.考查动词的时态。句意：如果你正走在外面，停下来，找一个可以保护你免受飓风侵袭的庇护所。本文讲
述的是事实，用现在时，根据句意要用现在进行时。故 were 改为 are。
7. 考查定语从句。句意：如果你正走在外面，停下来，找一个可以保护你免受飓风侵袭的庇护所。从句子
结构及句意来判断，先行词 shelter，在定语从句中做主语，多了个介词 under，故去掉 under。
8.考查固定搭配。句意：如果飓风来袭时你在车里，待在车里关掉引擎，等飓风过去。根据“waiting until the hurricane dies down”可知，如果当飓风来了留在车里并关掉引擎。 turn on 打开， turn off 关掉。故 on 改为
off。
9.考查固定搭配。句意：如果你在屋内， 一定要记得关上门窗， 直到你确定风没有大到足以把它吹开。be sure
that ……=make sure that…..确保，确定，确信， that 引导宾语从句，只起连接作用。故 when 改为 that 。
10.考查代词。句意：如果你在屋内， 一定要记得关上门窗，直到你确定风没有大到足以把它吹开。代词指
代复数名词 windows and doors ，代词也用复数。故 it 改为 them。
四、书面表达 Possible version
Nowadays there are more and more places in life that use electricity. As a place for students to study and
live, the school has always used a large amount of electricity. Safe use of electricity can effectively avoid the
occurrence of many dangerous events.
Here are some precautions for safe use of electricity. First, do not use your hands or electrical conductors to touch and probe the inside of the electrical outlet. Second, Electrical appliances should be unplugged when you don’t use them. Third, in the process of use, if you find a charger or a lamp smoking, sparking or sending out burnt
odor, you should immediately turn off the power switch.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生请写一篇短文给校英文报投稿，倡议大家安全用电。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
大量的： a large amount of→a lot of
发生： occurrence → happening
立即： immediately →instantly
关闭： turn off→switch off
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： As a place for students to study and live, the school has always used a large amount of electricity.
拓展句： The school, where students study and live, has always used a large amount of electricity.
【点睛】
【高分句型 1】
Nowadays there are more and more places in life that use electricity. （运用了 that 引导的限制性定语从句）
【高分句型 2】
Third, in the process of use, if you find a charger or a lamp smoking, sparking or sending out burnt odor, you
should immediately turn off the power switch. （运用了 if 引导的条件状语从句）
