(共40张PPT)
阅读理解新设问
类型 1 跨学科融合
[2023南充中考改编]
Do you love sunflowers This article will walk you through how to
plant your sunflower seeds and care for them. Start it with the best
temperatures: 18℃-33℃.
Part 1 Germinating （使发芽） Sunflower Seeds
1.Choose one kind you like.
2.Put the seeds in a plastic bag. Cover the seeds with wet paper
towels. Put them in plastic bags. Once the seeds germinate, plant them.
Part 2 ▲
1.Choose a sunny location. Sunflowers grow best with six to eight
hours of sunlight a day.
2.Plant the seeds in holes. Plant seeds 2.5 cm deep and 15 cm apart.
Cover the seeds with soil after planting.
续表
Part 3 Caring for Sunflower Plants
1.Water plants weekly. Water plants once a week.
2.Fertilize a little or not at all. If you are growing sunflowers for
your own enjoyment, there is no need to fertilize.
___________________________________
续表
3.Harvest （收获） the seeds. Sunflowers usually take 80 to 120 days
to mature （成熟） and produce new seeds.
Tips:
◆Protect the young plants from pests （害虫）. Cover the ground with
nets.
◆Support plants over 90 cm with sticks.
续表
【短文大意】 本文主要介绍了种植、照料向日葵的步骤。
1. 新设问 Which temperature is the most suitable to plant
sunflowers ( )
C
A. &1& B. &2& C. &3& D. &4&
【解题思路】图文转换题。根据文中的"Start it with the best temperatures: 18℃-33℃"并结合备选项可知，C项25℃最适合种植向日葵。
2. Which of the following can be put in ▲ ( )
A
A. Planting Sunflower Seeds B. Considering Seeds Quality
C. Watering Sunflower Plants D. Checking the Temperature
【解题思路】信息回填题。根据设空前的"Once the seeds germinate, plant them"及"Part 2"下的内容可知，此处应是种子发芽后把它们种下去，故A项"种植向日葵种子"符合题意。
3. If you plant your seeds in April, you may harvest in ___.
C
A. January B. May C. July D. November
【解题思路】推理判断题。解题步骤如下：
明题意 本题问的是"四月播种，何时收获？"。
寻线索 根据文中的"Sunflowers usually take 80 to 120 days to mature
（成熟）"可知，向日葵通常需要80到120天才能成熟，所以如果
你在四月种下种子，你就可能会在七月至八月期间收获。
定答案 故答案为C。
4. ___ can be used when the sunflowers are 95 cm tall.
A
A. Sticks B. Nets C. Paper towels D. Plastic bags
【解题思路】细节理解题。根据文中的"Support plants over 90 cm with sticks"可知，用枝条支撑90厘米以上的向日葵植株，故A项符合题意。
类型 2 信息回填
[2023金华中考]
①Does life sometimes seem to be full of impossible problems How many times, for example, do you find yourself saying things like "I really don't understand this maths problem", or "I can't get into the school team" Well, maybe it's time to introduce yourself to the power of "yet". By adding this simple word, you can change everything. "I really don't understand this maths problem yet." "I can't get into the school team yet." Suddenly, the impossible becomes possible. You can imagine those things happening.
②I read about a school that has changed the way it marks its students' exams. The school find out that the old pass/fail system wasn't helping students' motivation（积极性）. If you passed, then great, but those students who didn't pass often felt like failures. So now students who don't pass the exams will not see a big red F on their papers; they see a "Not yet" instead. That way the students feel that they are on a journey. They haven't reached the end, but they know that they are going the right way.
③This kind of thinking is part of what experts call "having a growth mindset". People with a growth mindset don't concentrate on failure. They aren't worried by not getting things right the first time and are happy to keep trying until they do. They enjoy the challenge and believe they can change. In contrast, people who just focus on the failure have what the experts call "a fixed mindset". These people are always worried about failure and are happy to give up when things don't go right. They don't think that they are able to change. Clearly, it is better to have a growth mindset than a fixed mindset.
④But don't worry if you think that you have a fixed mindset. ▲. Remember that it all starts with questioning the things you believe about yourself. Stop believing that you can't or that you haven't and realize that you just can't or haven't yet. Once you start doing this, you'll wonder why you didn't do it before. It's one small but very powerful word.
【短文大意】 本文主要介绍了"yet"一词的影响力，并通过分析成长型思维和固定型思维来证明"yet"的影响力。
1. The example in Paragraph 2 is to ___
D
A. express a feeling B. describe a problem
C. show the result D. support the topic
【解题思路】推理判断题。第一段引出话题，有时候生活中似乎充满了各种不可能的问题，但是如果加个"yet"，情况就会改变，不可能就会变成可能。第二段举了一所学校改变考试评价系统的例子，这所学校将"不及格"改为"暂未及格"，让学生觉得自己还未到达终点，但方向是正确的，这能激发学生的积极性。因此第二段的例子是为了支撑话题。故答案为D。
2. According to the passage, which one of the following has "a growth
mindset" ( )
B
A. Jack got an "A" in the exam. He was quite happy to tell his parents.
B. David failed in a competition, but he stays confident and keeps trying.
C. Jenny found it hard to work out the maths problem, so she gave it up.
D. Emma was refused by the school team. She didn't want to have another try.
【解题思路】推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知，拥有成长型思维的人不会只关注失败，也不担心第一次没把事情做好，他们乐意尝试，直到成功。由此可推知，"戴维在比赛中失败了，但是他保持自信，继续尝试"是拥有成长型思维的表现。故选B。
3. 新设问 Which of the following can be put into ▲ ( )
B
A. Experts will help you grow healthily in mind
B. You can train yourself to develop a growth mindset
C. Everyone has his own advantages and disadvantages
D. You can change everything by adding the small word "yet"
【解题思路】信息回填题。设空前提到，你如果认为自己是固定型思维，别担心;设空后提到，记住这都始于质疑你认为的关于你自己的事情。设空后介绍了如何拥有成长型思维，因此设空处应该是承上启下的过渡句，说明可以通过训练获得成长型思维，故答案为B。
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage ( )
A
A. The Power of "Yet" B. Two Different Mindsets
C. Nothing Is Impossible D. On the Way to Success
【解题思路】标题归纳题。通读全文，特别是第一段中的"maybe it's time to introduce yourself to the power of ‘yet’. By adding this simple word, you can change everything"和最后一段中的"It's one small but very powerful word"可知，本文主要讲的是"yet"一词的影响力，故A项最适合作本文的标题。
类型 3 词义猜测新形式
[2023南充中考]
Recently, a research on how a new virtual reality （VR虚拟现实） experience educated children about the fire disasters （灾害） was done. The new VR experience was developed by the University of South Australia, hoping to educate children to learn how to be safe in a fire. It presents a situation for children aged 10-12. In the situation, they are tasked to look after a friend's dog just before a fire event begins. They
take part in a set of problem-solving activities to help save and protect themselves and the dog.
The findings showed that over 80% of children could calmly tell the advantages and disadvantages of different choices. They also learned to make wise decisions to protect themselves from a fire. Children thought it especially important and meaningful, because 91% of them didn't have knowledge of fires at the beginning, and 67% had said that they were too young to make safety decisions in a fire.
The researchers believed such VR experiences made it possible to engage, educate and empower the young. "As children born in modern times, they are interested in such technology and they can experience events in a real situation yet within the safe environment," said Delene Weber, one of the researchers. "Well-designed VR can provide children with surprisingly valuable learning tools." Meanwhile, because children have fewer life experiences, aren't as physically strong, and are less likely to have learned much about fire safety, they're often most at risk. However, the role that children play in the fire safety at their homes should not be underestimated （低估）. "Children don't need to be always waiting for help in disasters. With these VR experiences, we can make children understand the risks and realize they can help," said Weber.
【短文大意】 本文介绍了一种新型虚拟现实体验，它可以帮助孩子们学会如何在火灾中避险求生。
1. What's the purpose of the new VR experience ( )
B
A. To describe children's reactions to fire disasters.
B. To teach children to save themselves in a fire.
C. To introduce ways of avoiding a fire to children.
D. To increase children's interest in VR experiences.
【解题思路】细节理解题。
明题意 本题问的是"新型虚拟现实体验的目的"。
寻线索 根据第一段中的"The new VR experience was developed...
hoping to educate children to learn how to be safe in a fire"
可知，新型虚拟现实体验旨在教育孩子学习如何在火灾中保证
安全。
定答案 故答案为B。
2. From the findings, what's the children's attitude （态度） towards the
new VR experience ( )
D
A. Doubtful. B. Worried. C. Uncertain. D. Supportive.
【解题思路】推理判断题。根据第二段中的"Children thought it especially important and meaningful"可知，孩子们认为新型虚拟现实体验特别重要和有意义，由此可推知，孩子们应是持支持态度。故选D。
3. 新设问 Which of the following in the dictionary best explains the
underlined word "engage" in Para. 3 ( )
engage / n ge d /
verb en·gaged, en·gag·ing.
① to draw one's attention and keep them interested
② to give somebody a job
③ to begin fighting with somebody
④ to fit one part of a machine into another so they can work
A
A. ① B. ② C. ③ D. ④
【解题思路】词义猜测题。根据画线词后的"As children born in modern times, they are interested in such technology"可知，当代出生的孩子对新型虚拟现实体验技术感兴趣，由此可推知，画线词所在句是说，研究人员相信新型虚拟现实体验能够吸引、教育年轻人，并能使年轻人增加自主权，故engage在此处意为"吸引"，含义同①，故选A。
4. From Para. 3, we mainly get to know the ___ of the new VR
experience.
B
A. development B. advantages C. quality D. introduction
【解题思路】段落大意题。通读第三段可知，本段主要讲述了新型虚拟现实体验的优点，故答案为B。
类型 4 完成表格
[2023重庆中考B卷]
Pandas
Size Up to 1.9 m long Weight Up to 120 kilos Home Bamboo forests mainly in Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu Food Bamboo Lifespan About 25 years Fun Fact They spend at least 12 hours each day eating bamboo. Most of the rest time is spent sleeping. New Guinea Singing Dogs
________________________________________
New Guinea singing dogs are famous for their howl （长嚎）,
which sounds like the song of a whale. In a group, one dog starts
singing and the others all join in. They are 30 cm to 46 cm tall and
can be up to 14 kilos. They live in faraway mountains or forests in
New Guinea. They live on birds and small mammals. They can live up
to 20 years.
续表
【短文大意】 本文主要介绍了熊猫和新几内亚歌唱犬的一些信息。
1. How long can pandas be ( )
A
A. 1.5 m. B. 2 m. C. 2.8 m. D. 3 m.
【解题思路】细节理解题。根据熊猫信息中Size对应的内容"Up to 1.9 m long"可知答案为A。
2. What do pandas eat ( )
C
A. Fish. B. Chicken. C. Bamboo. D. Birds.
【解题思路】细节理解题。根据熊猫信息中的"eating bamboo"可知答案为C。
3. Which of the following can be put into No. 3 and No. 4 with the
help of Pandas ( )
A
A. Lifespan. B. Size. C. Color. D. Weight.
【解题思路】推理判断题。lifespan意为"寿命"；size意为"大小"；color意为"颜色"；weight意为"重量"。根据Pandas中提及的"Lifespan"对应的"About 25 years"可知,此处能和"Up to 20 years"相对应的内容是Lifespan。故选A。
4. ( )
Name New Guinea singing dogs
3 Up to 20 years
Home Faraway mountains or forests in New Guinea
Fun Fact 4
In a group, one dog starts singing and the others all join
in.
D
A. They can be up to 14 kilos.
B. They are 30 cm to 46 cm tall.
C. They live on birds and small mammals.
D. Their howl sounds like the song of a whale.
【解题思路】细节理解题。根据New Guinea Singing Dogs中的"New Guinea singing dogs are famous for their howl（长嚎）, which sounds like the song of a whale"可知,D项是有趣的事实。A、B、C三项分别描述了新几内亚歌唱犬的重量、大小和所吃的食物。(共39张PPT)
阅读理解新素材
类型 1 跨学科背景语篇
[2023陕西中考]
Chemistry is usually thought to be more difficult than other subjects, at least for the beginners. There are some reasons for this idea. For one thing, chemistry has a very specialized vocabulary （学科专用语汇）. At first, studying chemistry is like learning a new language. Also, some concepts （概念） of chemistry are hard to understand. However, with hard work and careful study, you can finish this subject successfully —
and even enjoy it. Here are some suggestions to help you develop good study habits and better understand the topics in the book:
●Firstly, attend classes on time. Listen to your teacher and take careful notes in class. If possible, always review the topics you learn in class, and review your notes on the same day.
●Secondly, think carefully whether you really understand the meaning of a term or the use of an equation （方程式）. A good way to test your understanding is to explain a concept to a classmate or someone else.
●Thirdly, pay attention to things which have something to do with chemistry in life. Watch or do experiments in class carefully.
●Fourthly, question often and do not be afraid to ask your teacher or classmates for help.
You will find that chemistry is much more than numbers, formulas （分子式） and equations. It's often used in daily life just like math and physics. Once you fall in love with it, you'll get lots of fun.
【短文大意】 本文介绍了化学比其他学科更难学的原因，并提出了一些学习建议。
1. How many suggestions does the writer give the readers ( )
B
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six.
【解题思路】细节理解题。根据"Here are some suggestions...in the book"下方的"Firstly""Secondly""Thirdly"和"Fourthly"可知，答案为B。
2. The writer thinks that a good way to test your understanding of the
formula "H2CO3" is to ___
C
A. write it on the blackboard B. read it aloud in class
C. explain it to someone else D. ask others the meaning of it
【解题思路】细节理解题。根据文中的"A good way to test your understanding is to explain a concept to a classmate or someone else"可知，答案为C。
3. According to the text, which of the following is TRUE ( )
B
A. Chemistry is more often used than physics.
B. Some concepts of chemistry are hard to understand.
C. Studying chemistry is like learning our mother language.
D. Chemistry is usually thought to be as difficult as other subjects.
【解题思路】正误判断题。B项与第一段中的"Also, some concepts （概念） of chemistry are hard to understand"相吻合。
4. The text is mainly about ___
D
A. differences between chemistry and physics
B. the importance of chemistry and physics
C. why chemistry is hard for beginners
D. how students study chemistry
【解题思路】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了化学比其他学科更难学的原因，并提出了一些学习建议，故答案为D。
类型 2 文学作品节选
[2023苏州中考]
It was my first day at school. It was also Miss Caroline's first day to be a teacher.
Miss Caroline began the day by reading us a story about cats. Then she started to teach us the alphabet （字母表）.
When Miss Caroline discovered that I was literate （有读写能力的）, she said, "Tell your father not to teach you any more. It's best to begin reading and writing with a fresh mind."
After supper that night, Atticus sat down with the paper and called, "Scout, ready to read "
I told Atticus I didn't feel very well and didn't think I'd go to school any more if it was all right with him.
"You never went to school and you do all right, so I'll just stay home too. You can teach me like Grandaddy taught you."
"No, I can't," said Atticus. "I have to make a living. Besides, they'd put me in prison if I kept you at home. Now what's the matter "
I told him what happened at school. "Miss Caroline said you taught me all wrong, so we can't ever read any more. Please don't send me back, please sir."
"First of all," he said, "if you can learn a simple trick, Scout, you'll get along a lot better with all kinds of people. You never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view —"
"Sir "
"— until you climb into his skin and walk around in it."
Atticus continued, "You learned many things today. Miss Caroline learned several things herself. We could not expect her to learn all our ways in one day, and we should understand her when she knew no better."
"But if I keep on going to school, we can't ever read any more..."
"That's really worrying you, isn't it "
"Yes, sir."
When Atticus looked at me, I saw the look on his face that always made me expect something. "Do you know what a compromise （妥协） is " he asked.
"Breaking the law "
"No, an agreement. It works this way," he said. "If you promise to go to school, we'll go on reading every night as usual. Is it OK "
"Yes sir!"
【短文大意】 本文节选自小说《杀死一只知更鸟》。斯各特因为自己识字而被老师要求禁止在家中跟着爸爸学习，这让她不愿再去上学。回到家后，经过爸爸的一番劝导，斯各特学会了妥协和从别人的角度看待问题。
1. What happened to Scout on her first day at school ( )
D
A. She was not able to read the alphabet.
B. She lost interest in reading and writing.
C. She couldn't follow Miss Caroline in class.
D. She was asked to stop learning from Atticus.
【解题思路】细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Tell your father not to teach you any more"及第四段内容可知，答案为D。
2. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 11 mean ( )
D
A. To play a small trick on him. B. To walk hand in hand with him.
C. To tell him about your thoughts.
D. To think from his point of view.
【解题思路】推理判断题。画线部分是对第九段中"until you consider things from his point of view"的解释，由此可推知，答案为D。
3. What did Scout agree to do towards the end of the story ( )
A
A. Go to school. B. Stay at home.
C. Teach herself. D. Make a living.
【解题思路】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的"If you promise to go to school, we'll... Is it OK "及最后一段"Yes sir!"可知，将近故事结尾，斯各特同意去上学，故选A。
4. What can we infer from the text ( )
C
A. Scout didn't trust Atticus. B. Scout didn't like reading.
C. Atticus was a wise father. D. Atticus was mad at Scout.
【解题思路】推理判断题。通读全文可知，阿迪克斯耐心地引导斯各特学会妥协和从别人的角度看待问题，由此可推知，阿迪克斯是一个很有智慧的父亲，故选C。
类型 3 非连续性文本
[2023山西中考]
Project-based learning（项目化学习） is learning while doing. It gives learners the chance to get a deeper understanding of a topic. During the learning, learners solve problems by using real-world examples and challenges. Project-based learning is becoming widely used in schools. Students work on a project over a period of time — from a week to a term. At the end of the project, they show their knowledge and skills by creating a product for people. Let's take the example of Sandra.
Sandra is an eleven-year-old student in Sunshine Primary School. She wanted to know more about Greek mythology（希腊神话）. Well, how did she make it
She chose Greek mythology characters as the topic because she was interested in the characters and their stories. Step
1Choose a
topic
She had to learn about that topic and do some research on it. To collect information, she read books and articles about the history of Greek mythology. She also read some novels like Harry Potter and Percy Jackson. She watched videos and played games all connected with Greek mythology. When she collected her information, she was ready to create a project. Step 2Do
the research
She created a project based on（以……为基础） her talents and skills. She loves to build with Lego（乐高）, so she decided to build Lego creations based on the stories of Greek mythology characters. She's also really good at art, so she created a book about her favorite characters. In her book, she drew pictures of them and wrote the stories in her own words. Step
3___
续表
After all of that work, she made a living room presentation for Mom and Dad and shared the two products that she had created. Then she shared her project online with friends, and even shared her project on social media. Step 4
Do the
presentation
续表
From the example of Sandra, we can see that project-based learning allows a student to learn about a topic and then create a project based on his or her talents and skills. Not everyone is a great test taker, but everyone is good at something. Through project work, students can not only learn deeply about a topic, but also have fun learning. So if you're interested in something, why not start with project-based learning
【短文大意】 本文以Sandra的学习经历为例介绍了项目化学习这一学习方式。
1. How do learners solve problems in project-based learning
________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
They solve problems by using real-world examples and challenges./By using real-world examples and challenges.
2. How long does it take students to finish a project
________________________________________________________________
______________________________
From a week to a term./Over a period of time./Over a period of time — from a week to a term.
3. What did Sandra do to collect information （One example is OK.）
_______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
She read books and articles about the history of Greek mythology./She read some novels like Harry Potter and Percy Jackson./She watched videos and played games all connected with Greek mythology.
4. What's the best subtitle（小标题） of Step 3
________________
Create a project
名师碎碎念 解答本题时首先要明白Sandra第三步做了什么。根据关键句"She created a project based on （以……为基础） her talents and skills"可知，Sandra在这一阶段主要是"create a project"，由此可知答案。
5. What were the two products that Sandra created Why could she create them
_______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（She created） Lego creations and a book. She created them based on her talents and skills./Because she loves to build with Lego and she is good at art./Because of her talents and skills./Because she loves Lego and art./...
6. &1& 开放性试题 What do you think of Sandra's learning experience In your opinion, what's the advantage of project-based learning
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I think it can help her get a deeper understanding of Greek mythology./I think she had fun learning while doing./I think it's fun/interesting/helpful/meaningful./...
Students can understand a topic more deeply./Students can connect learning with the real world./Students can put their talents and skills to good use while learning./...
类型 4 多模态语篇
[2023齐齐哈尔中考改编]
Hello, boys and girls! Nice to see you again in our art club. Today we are going to learn about a new art form. It was created by an American artist Haring. He is good at different kinds of scrawling （涂鸦）. Now let's make some Haring sports scenes. Please follow the instructions. If you have any questions, let me know.
1.Put everything in front of you and get some cards to draw on.
2.Draw the head， two bent and two straight arms and legs.
3.Carefully cut out all of these shapes with scissors.
4.Put them into a sporty pose and tack（用图钉固定）them to colored
paper.
5.Trace （描摹） around your figure（图形） with a black marker pen.
6.Cut it out and glue it to another colored background sheet.
7.Add in more details. This character is now a fencer（击剑者）.
8.Repeat with different sporty poses until your sheet is full.
【短文大意】 本文主要介绍了一个美术俱乐部的活动内容。
1. First of all, we should ___.
B
A. repeat with different poses B. get everything ready
C. draw the head D. color the paper
【解题思路】细节理解题。根据第一步"1.Put everything in front of you and get some cards to draw on"可知，首先我们要把所有需要的东西准备好。故选B。
2. We don't need ___ during the first four steps.
C
A. scissors B. tacks C. glue D. cards
【解题思路】细节理解题。根据前四个步骤可知，需要的东西有卡片、剪刀和图钉，而胶水是在第六个步骤中使用的。故选C。
3. We can use a marker pen to ___.
B
A. cut out the figure B. trace the figure
C. glue the figure D. draw the figure
【解题思路】细节理解题。根据第五步"5.Trace（描摹） around your figure （图形） with a black marker pen"可知，我们可以用记号笔描摹图形。故选B。
4. In this period of the art club activities, you probably make some ___
poses.
A
A. running B. thinking C. singing D. reading
【解题思路】推理判断题。根据文中的"Now let's make some Haring sports scenes"可知，活动内容是绘制运动场景的涂鸦，故A项"跑步"符合题意。
