2024外研版高中英语必修第三册同步练习--Unit 2　Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024外研版高中英语必修第三册同步
Unit 2　Making a difference
Part 1　Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.I think it is a good idea to 　　　　(回收利用)textbooks because most of them are still in good condition.
2.We should ensure that the report is only meant for 　　　　(内部的)use within the company.
3.He found it difficult to e　　　　 enough money to make ends meet, which really let him down.
4.The 　　　　(基金会)aims to　　　　(资助)medical treatment for patients with rare diseases.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.The scientist's discovery has made a groundbreaking 　　　　　(contribute) to the medical field.
2.It is your duty to take 　　　　　(effect) measures to ensure the safety of the children.
3.Your dream won't become a 　　　　　(real) unless you work hard on it.
4.Much 　　　　　 his relief, he saw his lost dog running towards him, it wagging its tail with joy.
5.After the hurricane, many people donated supplies like food and water
　　　　　 those affected.
6.The residents of the town were annoyed at the constant 　　　　　(short) of water during the hot summer months.
Ⅲ.选词填空
at first;set up;turn out;benefit from
Being diagnosed with a serious disease really made Mary upset. 1.　　　　　　, she felt like her life had been turned upside down, and she found herself becoming increasingly isolated. So she decided to seek help from her doctor. It 2.　　　　　　 that there were many ways to treat her disease. Mary really 3.　　　　　　 the doctor's words and regained her confidence. Today, Mary is living a full life, and she has decided to 4.　　　　　　 a charity to help people who are in the same situation as she used to be.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.当听到这个有趣的笑话时,她突然笑了起来。
When hearing the funny joke, she 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
2.我是如此紧张,以至于我的腿止不住地抖。(so...that...)
I was 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 my legs couldn't stop shaking. (读后续写—心理描写)
3.即使是小小的善举也能对世界产生影响。(difference)
Even small acts of kindness can 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 the world.(读后续写—人生哲理)
4.听到最后的结果,他一点也不兴奋,反而很担心。(not...but...)
Hearing the final result, he was 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan couldn't believe that many people in developing African 　1　(country) couldn't get enough clean water. So, Ryan decided 　2　(earn) money to build a single well somewhere in Africa. He　3　(clean) windows and did gardening for his family and neighbours, reaching his first target of $70 soon,　4　 he was told that $70 wasn't enough for a well. He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded 　5　(they) to donate money. At 　6　same time, a friend of Ryan's mother helped make his story go public. After several months, Ryan had raised $2,000, with which a well 　7　(build)near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school were grateful 　8　 him and invited him to visit. He 　9　(real) had made a difference for these children.
Later, Ryan set up a foundation to encourage more people to help. Many　10　(inspire) people gave him their support. Today, over 800,000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean, safe water.
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5. 　　　
6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2023湖北襄阳三中期末)
Volunteer Day
What better way is there to enjoy your own hobbies while helping others at the same time Come to Volunteer Day and choose an activity you'd like to join for the day. See below for a schedule of events on Volunteer Day.
Volunteer Day Schedule:
7:30 a.m.: Meet at the Community Centre for juice and bagels.
8:00-8:30 a.m.: Choose which activity you'd like to help with for the day.
8:30 a.m.: Board the bus to your activity site.
9:00 a.m.-3:30 p.m.: Work as a volunteer.
3:30 p.m.: Board the bus that will take you back to the Community Centre.
See below for a list of volunteer opportunities for Volunteer Day so you can begin thinking about which activity you might want to join.
A list of volunteer activities:
Paint houses: Happy Homes is a local organization that provides home painting. For elderly or physically disabled people who cannot do repairs to their homes, volunteer painters of Happy Homes offer to repaint old houses.
Plant flowers: Help plant flowers and bushes in city parks, help lay paths at Cave Spring Park, or help pick up rubbish around the river banks.
Read to children: Love and Learning is an organization that provides volunteers who can help children with learning disabilities. Read books out loud to groups of children aged four to six, or read one-on-one with struggling readers aged seven to eight.
Play with animals: Lovely Friends is an organization that visits local animal shelters and provides volunteers that spend time with the animals while their cages are being cleaned.
If you take an interest in it, please call 0195242 for further information.
1.At what time do volunteers leave for their activity sites
A.7:30 a.m.　　　B.8:00 a.m.　　　C.8:30 a.m.　　　D.9:00 a.m.
2.What do Lovely Friends volunteers do
A.Read books to children.　　　B.Pick up garbage along the river.
C.Help plant bushes in parks.　　　D.Spend time with animals.
3.What is the purpose of the passage
A.To attract volunteers.　　　B.To present a festival.　　　C.To show a schedule.　　　D.To introduce activities.
B
(2023山东滕州一中开学考试)
Ian McKenna was in third grade when he learned that many kids at his Austin school weren't getting enough to eat at home. He wanted to help, but local volunteer organizations turned him away, saying he was too young. So he decided to find his own solution. For years, he had been gardening with his mother, and they often sent their vegetables to the neighbors. “I'm good at gardening,” says McKenna, now 16.“Why not plant a garden at school, so that kids in need could take food home ”
McKenna persuaded his school to set aside space for a garden; then he asked the community for donations of seeds and equipment. Other students donated their time. Within months, McKenna's garden was producing lettuces, tomatoes and cucumbers for students and their families. McKenna's perseverance paid off. Now, seven years later, McKenna's Giving Garden project has expanded to five area schools in addition to his own backyard garden. For most of his gardening activities, McKenna wears the same T-shirt in different colors, with his personal motto on it: BE A GOOD HUMAN. To him, that means helping in any way you can, no matter what your age.
“Even a smile might change someone's life,” he says. “It lets them know that they are important. It can make their day.”
Then, McKenna redoubled his efforts, cooking up to 100 meals and distributing(配送) them to the hungry on the weekends. When social distancing meant that volunteers couldn't work on the community garden, he started offering online classes and a gardening hotline so families could grow at home. While gardening is his core focus, McKenna says he is always looking for effective ways to help the hungry.
4.What caused Ian's decision to help the kids in his own way
A.Being rejected by volunteer groups.　　　B.Being good at gardening.
C.His school's support.　　　D.His mother's suggestions.
5.What do we know about the Giving Garden project
A.It helps students only.　　　B.It was started with much support.
C.It is funded by schools.　　　D.It earns great profits every year.
6.Which of the following can best describe Ian
A.Well-educated.　　　B.Honest.　　　C.Boring.　　　D.Caring.
7.What is the best title of the passage
A.Ian McKenna, Growing a Food Project　　　B.Ian McKenna, an Experienced Gardener
C.Giving Garden Project, a Challenging Task　　　D.Giving Garden Project, a Universal Solution
Ⅲ.七选五
(2022广东湛江期中)
The wrong donations end up costing charities precious dollars just to store leftovers, which is why clothing may not be the best use of your donation efforts.　1　
Think of the children. Children's needs are important during disasters. As families influenced by a disaster try to protect their children from the effects, they try to provide children with toys, snacks, juices, candies, and other comfort items, particularly in post-disaster environments.　2　 Shelters will accept these donations and give them out properly.
Donate your skills to your community. If you are trained in disaster response, you can contact your local emergency services and the Red Cross to see if they need volunteers. Let them know your abilities. 　3　 Do not go as an individual volunteer to a disaster area expecting to find ways to help.
　4　 Time and comfort are the two most important things you can give for free. Spend time listening to the victims with an understanding ear. You can bring books and read to the children.
Become a volunteer now for the future. Besides donating money, volunteering is the most effective way to give. 　5　 The Red Cross and charity organizations prefer a trained group of volunteers who can jump into action. They don't have the resources to train during the disasters.
A.Donate to an organization you can trust.
B.These items are expensive to transport to shelters.
C.Spend time caring for families and individuals at shelters.
D.Then, they will contact you if they are in need of volunteers.
E.However, you have to begin this process long before any disaster hits.
F.Turn your dollars into toys and entertainment choices for kids of all ages.
G.Here are some tips you can follow to help people in need in the wisest ways.
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 2　Making a difference
Part 1　Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.recycle　2.internal　3.earn　4.foundation;fund
Ⅱ.1.contribution　考查名词。句意:这位科学家的发现对医学领域做出了开创性的贡献。make a contribution to...意为“对……做出贡献”。
2.effective　考查形容词。句意:你的职责是采取有效措施确保孩子们的安全。本空修饰名词measures,故应用形容词作定语。
类比启发
常见的有“名词/动词+-ive变形容词”用法的词还有:act→active;addict→addictive;attract→attractive;create→creative (去e加-ive);defense→defensive(去e加-ive);expense→expensive(去e加-ive);appreciate→appreciative(去e加-ive)等。
3.reality　考查名词。句意:如果你不奋力拼搏,你的梦想就不会变成现实。根据空前冠词a可知,本空应用名词形式。become a reality意为“成为现实”。
4.to　考查介词。句意:令他非常庆幸的是,他看到走失的狗向他跑来,高兴地摇着尾巴。(much) to one's relief意为“令某人(非常)欣慰/庆幸的是”,故本空应用介词to。
类比启发
“to+one's+情感名词”通常意为“令某人……的是,使某人感到……的是”,用于这种结构的名词有:astonishment(惊讶),amazement(惊愕),annoyance(烦恼,恼火),delight(高兴),disappointment(失望),joy(高兴),relief(欣慰),regret(遗憾),surprise(惊讶),satisfaction(满意),sorrow(悲伤)等。
5.to　考查介词。句意: 飓风过后,许多人向受灾者捐赠了食物和水等物资。donate sth. to sb.意为“向某人捐赠某物”,故本空应用介词to。
6.shortage　考查名词。句意:在炎热的夏季,该镇的居民对持续的缺水感到恼火。根据空前形容词constant可知,本空应用名词形式。shortage意为“短缺,不足”,符合语境。
Ⅲ.1.At first　2.turned out　3.benefited from　4.set up
Ⅳ.1.broke into a smile　2.so nervous that　3.make a difference to　4.not excited but very worried
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.countries　考查名词复数。country在这里是可数名词,前面没有限定词修饰,故此处应用复数形式。
2.to earn　考查不定式。decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”,故本空应用不定式作宾语。
3.cleaned　考查时态。根据空后动词did可知,本空也用过去式。
4.but　考查连词。句意:他为家人和邻居擦窗户、做园艺活,很快就达到了第一个70美元的目标,但他被告知,70美元对一口井来说不够。根据句意可知,前后内容为转折关系,故此处应填but。
5.them　考查代词。本空在句中作动词persuaded的宾语,故本空应用代词的宾格形式。
6.the　考查冠词。at the same time意为“同时,与此同时”,故本空应用定冠词the。
7.was built　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:几个月后,瑞安筹集了2,000美元,他用这笔钱在乌干达一所小学附近建了一口井。设空处为非限制性定语从句中的谓语,主语a well为单数概念,与build之间为被动关系,且此处讲的是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was built。
8.to　考查介词。be grateful to sb.意为“感激某人”,故本空应用介词to。
9.really　考查副词。分析句子可知,本空作状语,故应用副词really。
10.inspired　考查过去分词。句意:许多受到激励的人给予了他支持。本空修饰名词people,people和动词inspire之间为被动关系,故应用过去分词inspired作定语。
Ⅱ.A
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些关于志愿者活动的时间安排和志愿者活动类型。
1.C　细节理解题。根据Volunteer Day Schedule部分中“8:30 a.m.: Board the bus to your activity site.”可知,志愿者早上8:30出发去活动地点。故选C。
2.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Lovely Friends is an organization that visits local animal shelters and provides volunteers that spend time with the animals while their cages are being cleaned.”可知,Lovely Friends的志愿者会花时间与动物在一起。故选D。
3.A　推理判断题。根据第一段中“What better way is there to enjoy your own hobbies while helping others at the same time Come to Volunteer Day and choose an activity you'd like to join for the day.(有什么更好的方法可以在帮助他人的同时享受自己的爱好 来参加志愿者日,选择一个你想在那天参加的活动。)”可推断出,本文的目的是吸引志愿者。故选A。
【高频词汇】　1.board v.上,登上(火车、轮船、飞机等)
2.disabled adj.丧失能力的;残疾的　3.shelter n.收容所,避难所
B
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个富有爱心、乐于助人的男孩Ian McKenna看到学校很多孩子没有足够的东西吃,就在学校种植一个菜园来帮助他们的故事。
4.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中“He wanted to help, but local volunteer organizations turned him away, saying he was too young. So he decided to find his own solution.”可知,由于遭到志愿者组织的拒绝,Ian决定以自己的方式帮助这些孩子。选项A中的Being rejected与文中的turned him away为同义表达。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“McKenna persuaded his school to set aside space for a garden; then he asked the community for donations of seeds and equipment. Other students donated their time.”可知,McKenna说服学校拨出一块空地来建一个菜园,然后他请求社区捐赠种子和设备,其他学生贡献了他们的时间。由此可知,这个项目是在许多支持下开始的。故选B。
6.D　推理判断题。根据第一段中“He wanted to help”,第二段中“To him, that means helping in any way you can, no matter what your age.”和最后一段中“While gardening is his core focus, McKenna says he is always looking for effective ways to help the hungry.”可推知,McKenna是一个乐于助人的人。well-educated受过良好教育的;honest诚实的;boring令人厌烦的;caring乐于助人的。故选D。
7.A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文讲述了一个富有爱心、乐于助人的男孩Ian McKenna看到学校很多孩子没有足够的东西吃,就在学校种植一个菜园来帮助他们的故事。标题中应包含Ian McKenna和他所做的事情,因此A项为最佳标题。
【高频词汇】　1.turn sb. away拒某人于门外,把某人打发走　2.set aside留出　3.pay off取得成功,奏效
4.expand v.扩张,扩大　5.in addition to除……之外(还)　6.redouble v.加强;加倍
【差距词汇】　make one's day使某人一天非常快活
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何给灾区人们提供帮助,提出了一些实用的建议。
1.G　过渡句。根据上文“The wrong donations end up...your donation efforts.”可知,错误的捐赠最终只会花费慈善机构宝贵的金钱来储存积压的物资,这就是为什么衣物可能不是最好的捐赠品。再结合下文提到的四个建议可推知,设空处应给人们一些关于捐赠或帮助处于困境中的人的建议。G项“这里有一些建议你可以采纳,以最明智的方式来帮助那些需要帮助的人。”符合语境。
2.F　细节句。根据上文“...they try to provide children with toys, snacks, juices, candies, and other comfort items, particularly in post-disaster environments.”以及下文“Shelters will accept these donations and give them out properly.”可知,设空处应建议捐赠者买一些东西给孩子们。F项“把你的钱变成适合所有年龄段孩子的玩具和娱乐选择。”符合语境,其中toys是关键词。
3.D　细节句。根据上文“If you are trained in disaster response...Let them know your abilities.”可知,接下来应陈述如果他们需要你所擅长的领域的志愿者就会和你联系。D项“然后,如果他们需要志愿者,他们就会联系你。”符合语境,其中volunteers是关键词。
4.C　主旨句。设空处位于本段开头,结合第二、三、五段开头语可知,此处应选祈使句作为本段的主旨句。由后文中的“Time and comfort”“Spend time”等关键词可知,本段作者给出的建议是花时间和受害者待在一起,陪伴他们。C项“花时间照顾避难所的家庭和个人。”符合语境,其中Spend time是关键词。
5.E　细节句。根据上文“Become a volunteer now for the future. Besides donating money, volunteering is the most effective way to give.”以及下文“The Red Cross and charity organizations prefer a trained group of volunteers who can jump into action.”可知,设空处应介绍要想成为志愿者,应该在灾难发生之前进行训练,这样才能在灾难来临时提供帮助。E项“然而,你必须早在任何灾难发生前就开始这个过程。”符合语境,选项中的this process指代上文提到的Become a volunteer。
【高频词汇】　1.donation n.捐赠;赠送;捐赠物　2.end up最终成为;最后处于　3.disaster n.灾难;不幸
4.item n.一件商品(或物品)　5.particularly adv.尤其;特别　6.give out分发　7.prefer v.较喜欢　8.transport v.运输;运送 n.交通运输系统
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