2024外研版高中英语必修第三册同步练习--Unit 5 Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas（含答案与解析）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024外研版高中英语必修第三册同步
Unit 5 What an adventure!
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Our (最初的) plan was to set up an organization to help the local residents who were disabled.
2.For the convenience of the users, the library is divided into different
(区域).
3.They built a high wall along the (边界)of the country to defend themselves.
4.He has broken the world record, t winning his first gold medal.
5.Though I haven't seen him for many years, I could recognize him immediately when I saw him in the (/kra d/).
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Jane's birthday party turned out to be failure, for few guests came to attend it.
2.I am so (thrill) to have my underwater photos featured in National Geographic.
3.Her passionate speech about the environment really brought the importance of environmental protection focus.
4.One afternoon, while attempting (get) into bed she collapsed(倒下)from what was eventually discovered to be a heart attack.(2021全国乙)
5.We've just heard a warning on the radio that a hurricane is likely
(come).
Ⅲ.选词填空
succeed in;good money;result in;benefit from;figure out
I couldn't 1. why Robert quit his job as a manager in the foreign company where he could earn 2. . Last week, I met his wife, who told me that she 3. persuading him to resign. That was because his great pressure 4. his poor health. Now Robert takes an active part in physical activity and he is sure to 5. it.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.已经证实,这个城市将建造更多的公共自行车停车位。(confirm)
more parking places for public bicycles will be constructed in the city.
2.由于有一场重要的考试要参加,我是如此紧张,以至于直到深夜才能睡着。(until)
With an important examination to take, I was so anxious that I
late into the night.
3.还不知道运动会是否会准时举行。(it作形式主语)
the sports meeting will be held on time.
4.It is certain that Bill will recover from his injury in time for the football match.(句型转换:what引导名词性从句)
→ is that Bill will recover from his injury in time for the football match.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Climbing Qomolangma is 1 experience that includes crowds, discomfort and danger, 2 (make) some feel weak and others, powerful. British mountain climber George Mallory holds the following opinion: what we get from this adventure is just sheer joy. People eat
3 make money to be able to enjoy life. American mountain climber Alan Arnette 4 (share) the similar view. Each person has a unique reason for climbing a mountain. It forces people to look deep inside 5 (they). 6 (succeed), one must have the physical as well as mental
7 (tough) to push forward.
The scientific reason behind these acts is that risk-taking may be part of human nature. People 8 are likely to take risks tend to have “Type T” personalities. Research also suggests that our desire to seek risks can be connected to how much we expect to benefit 9 the result.
Thus, is it worthwhile to climb Qomolangma It is 10 (total) up to you.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2023河北保定六校联盟期中)
The Most Extreme Travel Adventures in the World
The driest place on Earth: Atacama Desert, Chile
You'll definitely need the right kind of sunscreen if you plan on traveling through this desert. From October 1903 to January 1918, Arica did not see so much as one drop of rain, making it the longest rainless period in the world's recorded history. Less populated, the Atacama Desert has several hotels to choose from that cater to tourists who come to explore the land.
The hottest place on Earth: Lut Desert, Iran
Here, temperatures soar to as high as 158 degrees Fahrenheit, so it's important to have a game plan for staying cool and know the signs of heatstroke in case you develop symptoms. According to a local legend, the name Dasht-e Lut means “toasted wheat” in Persian, referencing a story about a load of wheat that burst into flames after being accidentally left out in the desert for a few days. Though tourists visit this desert land, it's a destination only for those willing to take up the challenge of surviving the heat and the unbearably dry climate.
The closest place to outer space: Mount Chimborazo, Ecuador
An inactive volcano that last erupted in approximately 550 AD, Mount Chimborazo stands at over 20,000 feet high. While Mount Everest is over 29,000 feet tall, due to the position of the mountain on the earth's surface, the peak of Mount Qomolangma is the furthest spot from the center of the earth. That also means that standing on it will put you closest to outer space, which humans can't get to on foot.
The most isolated place on Earth: Tristan da Cunha, the United Kingdom
Are you looking for a getaway from your daily life Forget these popular island getaways; this is about as far away from it as you can get. Discovered by Portuguese explorer Tristao da Cunha in 1506, the island is home to fewer than 300 inhabitants and has no airport; Tristan da Cunha is accessible only by sea.
1.Which of the following is a must during your visit to the Atacama Desert
A.Booking a suitable hotel.
B.Having a basic knowledge of Martian soil.
C.Having a game plan for staying cool.
D.Buying a suitable sunscreen.
2.Which place best suits people who have a high tolerance to high temperature
A.The Atacama Desert. B.The Lut Desert.
C.Mount Chimborazo. D.Tristan da Cunha.
3.How can one get to Tristan da Cunha
A.By plane. B.By boat. C.By train. D.By car.
B
(2023辽宁鞍山期中)
It all started because Lynn and her two teenage children needed to get from Georgia to Alaska, where Lynn's husband, an American officer, is stationed. Lynn packed up all their belongings, bought a 4×4 truck, and started a cross-country family adventure. The first 3,000 miles of the trip went well.
The farther north they traveled, the worse the weather got. Lynn, who was raised in the South, met her first winter white-out conditions. Then she used up windscreen wiping fluid. Slush (雪泥) covered her windows and she couldn't see. Even scarier—her tires(轮胎) seemed to be sliding on the ground.
After changing the summer tires at a tire store, Lynn decided to give up driving. She phoned her husband and asked if he could just come and get them where they were. Her husband was worried but he wasn't legally able to get them himself. Then the family had to find a motel and went to bed. That's when the kind people there put out a request on Facebook for someone to drive them the last 1,056 miles to the border.
Gary Bath was at home when he saw his friend's post about the trapped family. After watching the post for a while and seeing no one was able to help, he and his wife made the decision that he would drive them the whole way to the border.
Both families met over the Internet, and when they decided they were all comfortable with the plan, the Baths drove to meet the family at the motel. It took Gary two days to drive them to a border checkpoint (边防关卡) where the family was greeted by Lynn's husband and the new friends parted ways.
4.Why did the American family set off for Alaska
A.To enjoy the beautiful scenery. B.To visit an old friend.
C.To have an adventure. D.To have a family reunion.
5.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A.The birthplace of Lynn.
B.The difficulties Lynn got into.
C.The direction of this journey.
D.The weather conditions on the way.
6.How did the people in the motel help the family
A.By asking for public help. B.By telephoning the husband.
C.By offering them free meals. D.By driving them to the border.
7.Which of the following can best describe Gary Bath
A.Serious and careful. B.Smart and honest.
C.Kind and caring. D.Brave and determined.
Ⅲ.七选五
(2023广东深圳期中)
The Science of Risk-Seeking
Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. 1 Some of us enjoy activities that would astonish and scare the rest of us. Why Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.
The reason why we take risks might relate to early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 2 As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and tolerance for risk.
So why aren't we all jumping out of airplanes then Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. 3
No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years.
4 To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.
5 For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.
As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we'll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.
A.It all depends on your character.
B.Those are the risks you should jump to take.
C.Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.
D.Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.
E.This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.
F.However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.
G.New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 5 What an adventure!
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.initial 2.zones 3.border 4.thus 5.crowd
Ⅱ.1.a 考查冠词。句意:简的生日聚会结果很失败,因为没有几个客人来参加。failure作可数名词时,意为“失败的人或事”,此处表示泛指,且failure以辅音音素开头,故填a。
2.thrilled 考查形容词。句意:我真的很激动,我的水下(摄影)照片出现在了《国家地理》上。设空处作表语,表示“非常兴奋的,极为激动的”,故填thrilled。
3.into 考查介词。句意:她关于环境的激情演讲真正使环境保护的重要性成为焦点。bring...into focus意为“使……成为焦点”,故填into。
4.to get 考查非谓语动词。句意:一天下午,当她试图上床睡觉的时候,她晕倒了,最终查明是因为心脏病发作。attempt to do sth.试图做某事,故填to get。
5.to come 考查非谓语动词。句意:我们刚从广播里听到一则警报说一场飓风可能要到来。be likely to do sth.意为“很可能做某事”,故填to come。
Ⅲ.1.figure out 2.good money 3.had succeeded in
4.resulted in 5.benefit from
Ⅳ.1.It has been confirmed that 2.couldn't fall asleep until
3.It is still not known if/whether 4.What is certain
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.an 考查冠词。此处表示“攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一次体验”,表泛指,所以要用不定冠词,而且experience的发音以元音音素开头,故填an。
2.making 考查现在分词。分析句子可知,本句已有系动词is,因此设空处用非谓语动词,且make与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。
3.and 考查连词。eat和make money之间是并列关系,故填and。
4.shares 考查时态和主谓一致。由上下文可知,此处应用一般现在时,根据主语Alan Arnette可知,此处谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
5.themselves 考查反身代词。句意:这迫使人们来审视他们自己的内心深处。inside为介词,根据句意可知此处应用反身代词,表示“他们自己”,故填themselves。
6.To succeed 考查不定式。分析句子可知,本句已有谓语must have,因此设空处为非谓语动词。此处表示目的,故应用动词不定式。
7.toughness 考查名词。设空处作have的宾语,被形容词physical和mental修饰,应用名词形式。toughness意为“坚韧”。
类比启发
常见的有“形容词+-ness变名词”的用法的词有dark→darkness;happy→happiness(变y为i,加-ness);sad→sadness;ill→illness;kind→kindness;careful→carefulness;great→greatness;friendly→friendliness(变y为i,加-ness);lonely→loneliness(变y为i,加-ness)等。
8.who/that 考查定语从句。分析句子可知,设空处引导定语从句,关系词指代先行词People,指人,并在从句中作主语,故用关系代词who或that。
9.from 考查介词。benefit from...从……中获益。
10.totally 考查副词。设空处作状语,应用副词形式,故填totally。
Ⅱ.A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个世界上最极端的旅行目的地:地球上最干燥的地方、最热的地方、最接近外太空的地方和最偏僻的地方。
1.D 细节理解题。根据“The driest place on Earth: Atacama Desert, Chile”部分的“You'll definitely need the right kind of sunscreen if you plan on traveling through this desert.”可知,在你去阿塔卡马沙漠的时候,防晒霜是必需品。故选D。
2.B 细节理解题。根据“The hottest place on Earth: Lut Desert, Iran”部分的“Here, temperatures soar to as high as 158 degrees Fahrenheit”及“it's a destination only for those willing to take up the challenge of surviving the heat and the unbearably dry climate”可知,伊朗的卢特沙漠非常热,因此这里适合可以忍耐高温的人们。故选B。
3.B 细节理解题。根据“The most isolated place on Earth: Tristan da Cunha, the United Kingdom”部分的“the island is home to fewer than 300 inhabitants and has no airport;Tristan da Cunha is accessible only by sea”可知岛上没有机场,只能通过海路到达,由此可知要去这里需要乘船。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.definitely adv.肯定地;明确地 2.cater to迎合,满足需要 3.accidentally adv.意外地,偶然
4.take up接受(建议或挑战) 5.approximately adv.大约
长难句
原句 Less populated, the Atacama Desert has several hotels to choose from that cater to tourists who come to explore the land.
分析 本句是主从复合句。“Less populated”为形容词短语作状语;“that cater to tourists”和“who come to explore the land”均为定语从句,分别修饰先行词hotels和tourists。
译文 阿塔卡马沙漠人口稀少,有几家酒店可供选择,以迎合前来探索这片土地的游客。
B
◎语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个温暖的故事:Lynn一家决定进行一次从佐治亚州前往阿拉斯加的家庭冒险之旅,到边境与丈夫团聚,但路上遇到了困难。出于善良,Gary Bath帮助了这一家人。
4.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中“It all started because Lynn and her two teenage children needed to get from Georgia to Alaska, where Lynn's husband, an American officer, is stationed. Lynn packed up all their belongings, bought a 4×4 truck, and started a cross-country family adventure.”可知,这个美国家庭出发去阿拉斯加是为了家庭团聚。故选D。
5.B 主旨大意题。根据第二段可知,他们越往北走,天气就越糟,Lynn用完了挡风玻璃擦拭液,雪泥覆盖了她的窗户,她看不见,更可怕的是,她的轮胎似乎在地上滑动。由此可见第二段主要讲了Lynn遇到的困难。故选B。
6.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Then the family had to find a motel and went to bed. That's when the kind people there put out a request on Facebook for someone to drive them the last 1,056 miles to the border.(然后这家人只好找一家汽车旅馆睡觉。就在那时,那里善良的人们在Facebook上发布了一则请求,希望有人可以开完最后1,056英里把他们送到边境。)”可知,汽车旅馆里的人通过寻求公众的帮助来帮助这个家庭。故选A。
7.C 推理判断题。根据第四段可知,Gary Bath看到朋友发布的有关受困家庭的帖子时正在家里,他和妻子在看了一会儿帖子发现没人能帮上忙后,决定开车送他们去边境。由此可推知,Gary Bath是一个善良且关心他人的人。故选C。
【高频词汇】 1.pack up (把……)打包 2.belongings n.个人所有物;财物 3.use up用完;耗尽 4.legally adv.法律上;合法地 5.put out发布
【熟词生义】 station vt.安置;驻扎;派驻
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们喜欢冒险的来源和科学依据。人们喜欢冒险,因为风险也意味着回报,生活中人们喜欢做一些让别人惊讶和害怕的事,这和人的大脑有关。
1.F 根据前文“Sometimes we decide...the risk seems worth taking.”可知,有时,我们认为一点不必要的危险是值得的,因为当我们权衡风险和回报时,风险似乎是值得承担的。F项(然而,我们并不是完全使用相同的参考标准来衡量风险和回报。)承接上文,形成转折关系。F项中的“weigh risks and rewards”和前文中“weigh the risk and the reward”呼应。
2.C 根据前文“Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring.”可知,冒险者更擅长打猎、打架或探险。C项(在那些方面做得更好意味着生存的机会更大。)承接上文。C项中的“Being better at those things”和前文中的“were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring”呼应。
3.A 根据前文“As a result...or maybe you hate it.”可知,人类形成了一系列至今仍然存在的性格类型,所以,也许你喜欢赛车,也许你讨厌赛车。A项(这都依据你的性格。)承接上文。A项中的“character”和前文中的“a range of character types”呼应。
4.E 根据前文“scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years(科学家说,在你十几岁的时候,你冒险的意愿会增加)”和下文“To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences.(为了帮你做那件事,你的大脑会增加你对新的体验的渴望。)”可知,E项(这是当你开始离开你的家庭,走进一个更大的世界的时候。)承接上下文,符合语境。
5.G 根据下文“For the risk-seekers...becomes active.(对于寻求冒险的人来说,大脑中与快乐有关的部分变得活跃;而对于我们其他人来说,大脑中与恐惧有关的部分变得活跃。)”可知,不同的人的大脑在面对风险时表现会不一样。G项(新的大脑研究表明,当我们面对紧张的情况时,我们的大脑会以不同的方式工作。)承接下文。
【高频词汇】 1.reward n.回报 2.scare vt.使惊恐
3.end up with以……结束 4.tolerance n.容忍,忍受
5.along with和……一起 6.a range of一系列
【熟词生义】 1.weigh vt.认真考虑;权衡 2.hit vt.到达(某地)
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2024外研版高中英语必修第三册同步
Unit 5 What an adventure!
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Our (最初的) plan was to set up an organization to help the local residents who were disabled.
2.For the convenience of the users, the library is divided into different
(区域).
3.They built a high wall along the (边界)of the country to defend themselves.
4.He has broken the world record, t winning his first gold medal.
5.Though I haven't seen him for many years, I could recognize him immediately when I saw him in the (/kra d/).
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Jane's birthday party turned out to be failure, for few guests came to attend it.
2.I am so (thrill) to have my underwater photos featured in National Geographic.
3.Her passionate speech about the environment really brought the importance of environmental protection focus.
4.One afternoon, while attempting (get) into bed she collapsed(倒下)from what was eventually discovered to be a heart attack.(2021全国乙)
5.We've just heard a warning on the radio that a hurricane is likely
(come).
Ⅲ.选词填空
succeed in;good money;result in;benefit from;figure out
I couldn't 1. why Robert quit his job as a manager in the foreign company where he could earn 2. . Last week, I met his wife, who told me that she 3. persuading him to resign. That was because his great pressure 4. his poor health. Now Robert takes an active part in physical activity and he is sure to 5. it.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.已经证实,这个城市将建造更多的公共自行车停车位。(confirm)
more parking places for public bicycles will be constructed in the city.
2.由于有一场重要的考试要参加,我是如此紧张,以至于直到深夜才能睡着。(until)
With an important examination to take, I was so anxious that I
late into the night.
3.还不知道运动会是否会准时举行。(it作形式主语)
the sports meeting will be held on time.
4.It is certain that Bill will recover from his injury in time for the football match.(句型转换:what引导名词性从句)
→ is that Bill will recover from his injury in time for the football match.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Climbing Qomolangma is 1 experience that includes crowds, discomfort and danger, 2 (make) some feel weak and others, powerful. British mountain climber George Mallory holds the following opinion: what we get from this adventure is just sheer joy. People eat
3 make money to be able to enjoy life. American mountain climber Alan Arnette 4 (share) the similar view. Each person has a unique reason for climbing a mountain. It forces people to look deep inside 5 (they). 6 (succeed), one must have the physical as well as mental
7 (tough) to push forward.
The scientific reason behind these acts is that risk-taking may be part of human nature. People 8 are likely to take risks tend to have “Type T” personalities. Research also suggests that our desire to seek risks can be connected to how much we expect to benefit 9 the result.
Thus, is it worthwhile to climb Qomolangma It is 10 (total) up to you.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2023河北保定六校联盟期中)
The Most Extreme Travel Adventures in the World
The driest place on Earth: Atacama Desert, Chile
You'll definitely need the right kind of sunscreen if you plan on traveling through this desert. From October 1903 to January 1918, Arica did not see so much as one drop of rain, making it the longest rainless period in the world's recorded history. Less populated, the Atacama Desert has several hotels to choose from that cater to tourists who come to explore the land.
The hottest place on Earth: Lut Desert, Iran
Here, temperatures soar to as high as 158 degrees Fahrenheit, so it's important to have a game plan for staying cool and know the signs of heatstroke in case you develop symptoms. According to a local legend, the name Dasht-e Lut means “toasted wheat” in Persian, referencing a story about a load of wheat that burst into flames after being accidentally left out in the desert for a few days. Though tourists visit this desert land, it's a destination only for those willing to take up the challenge of surviving the heat and the unbearably dry climate.
The closest place to outer space: Mount Chimborazo, Ecuador
An inactive volcano that last erupted in approximately 550 AD, Mount Chimborazo stands at over 20,000 feet high. While Mount Everest is over 29,000 feet tall, due to the position of the mountain on the earth's surface, the peak of Mount Qomolangma is the furthest spot from the center of the earth. That also means that standing on it will put you closest to outer space, which humans can't get to on foot.
The most isolated place on Earth: Tristan da Cunha, the United Kingdom
Are you looking for a getaway from your daily life Forget these popular island getaways; this is about as far away from it as you can get. Discovered by Portuguese explorer Tristao da Cunha in 1506, the island is home to fewer than 300 inhabitants and has no airport; Tristan da Cunha is accessible only by sea.
1.Which of the following is a must during your visit to the Atacama Desert
A.Booking a suitable hotel.
B.Having a basic knowledge of Martian soil.
C.Having a game plan for staying cool.
D.Buying a suitable sunscreen.
2.Which place best suits people who have a high tolerance to high temperature
A.The Atacama Desert. B.The Lut Desert.
C.Mount Chimborazo. D.Tristan da Cunha.
3.How can one get to Tristan da Cunha
A.By plane. B.By boat. C.By train. D.By car.
B
(2023辽宁鞍山期中)
It all started because Lynn and her two teenage children needed to get from Georgia to Alaska, where Lynn's husband, an American officer, is stationed. Lynn packed up all their belongings, bought a 4×4 truck, and started a cross-country family adventure. The first 3,000 miles of the trip went well.
The farther north they traveled, the worse the weather got. Lynn, who was raised in the South, met her first winter white-out conditions. Then she used up windscreen wiping fluid. Slush (雪泥) covered her windows and she couldn't see. Even scarier—her tires(轮胎) seemed to be sliding on the ground.
After changing the summer tires at a tire store, Lynn decided to give up driving. She phoned her husband and asked if he could just come and get them where they were. Her husband was worried but he wasn't legally able to get them himself. Then the family had to find a motel and went to bed. That's when the kind people there put out a request on Facebook for someone to drive them the last 1,056 miles to the border.
Gary Bath was at home when he saw his friend's post about the trapped family. After watching the post for a while and seeing no one was able to help, he and his wife made the decision that he would drive them the whole way to the border.
Both families met over the Internet, and when they decided they were all comfortable with the plan, the Baths drove to meet the family at the motel. It took Gary two days to drive them to a border checkpoint (边防关卡) where the family was greeted by Lynn's husband and the new friends parted ways.
4.Why did the American family set off for Alaska
A.To enjoy the beautiful scenery. B.To visit an old friend.
C.To have an adventure. D.To have a family reunion.
5.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A.The birthplace of Lynn.
B.The difficulties Lynn got into.
C.The direction of this journey.
D.The weather conditions on the way.
6.How did the people in the motel help the family
A.By asking for public help. B.By telephoning the husband.
C.By offering them free meals. D.By driving them to the border.
7.Which of the following can best describe Gary Bath
A.Serious and careful. B.Smart and honest.
C.Kind and caring. D.Brave and determined.
Ⅲ.七选五
(2023广东深圳期中)
The Science of Risk-Seeking
Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. 1 Some of us enjoy activities that would astonish and scare the rest of us. Why Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.
The reason why we take risks might relate to early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 2 As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and tolerance for risk.
So why aren't we all jumping out of airplanes then Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. 3
No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years.
4 To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.
5 For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.
As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we'll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.
A.It all depends on your character.
B.Those are the risks you should jump to take.
C.Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.
D.Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.
E.This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.
F.However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.
G.New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 5 What an adventure!
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.initial 2.zones 3.border 4.thus 5.crowd
Ⅱ.1.a 考查冠词。句意:简的生日聚会结果很失败,因为没有几个客人来参加。failure作可数名词时,意为“失败的人或事”,此处表示泛指,且failure以辅音音素开头,故填a。
2.thrilled 考查形容词。句意:我真的很激动,我的水下(摄影)照片出现在了《国家地理》上。设空处作表语,表示“非常兴奋的,极为激动的”,故填thrilled。
3.into 考查介词。句意:她关于环境的激情演讲真正使环境保护的重要性成为焦点。bring...into focus意为“使……成为焦点”,故填into。
4.to get 考查非谓语动词。句意:一天下午,当她试图上床睡觉的时候,她晕倒了,最终查明是因为心脏病发作。attempt to do sth.试图做某事,故填to get。
5.to come 考查非谓语动词。句意:我们刚从广播里听到一则警报说一场飓风可能要到来。be likely to do sth.意为“很可能做某事”,故填to come。
Ⅲ.1.figure out 2.good money 3.had succeeded in
4.resulted in 5.benefit from
Ⅳ.1.It has been confirmed that 2.couldn't fall asleep until
3.It is still not known if/whether 4.What is certain
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.an 考查冠词。此处表示“攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一次体验”,表泛指,所以要用不定冠词,而且experience的发音以元音音素开头,故填an。
2.making 考查现在分词。分析句子可知,本句已有系动词is,因此设空处用非谓语动词,且make与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。
3.and 考查连词。eat和make money之间是并列关系,故填and。
4.shares 考查时态和主谓一致。由上下文可知,此处应用一般现在时,根据主语Alan Arnette可知,此处谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
5.themselves 考查反身代词。句意:这迫使人们来审视他们自己的内心深处。inside为介词,根据句意可知此处应用反身代词,表示“他们自己”,故填themselves。
6.To succeed 考查不定式。分析句子可知,本句已有谓语must have,因此设空处为非谓语动词。此处表示目的,故应用动词不定式。
7.toughness 考查名词。设空处作have的宾语,被形容词physical和mental修饰,应用名词形式。toughness意为“坚韧”。
类比启发
常见的有“形容词+-ness变名词”的用法的词有dark→darkness;happy→happiness(变y为i,加-ness);sad→sadness;ill→illness;kind→kindness;careful→carefulness;great→greatness;friendly→friendliness(变y为i,加-ness);lonely→loneliness(变y为i,加-ness)等。
8.who/that 考查定语从句。分析句子可知,设空处引导定语从句,关系词指代先行词People,指人,并在从句中作主语,故用关系代词who或that。
9.from 考查介词。benefit from...从……中获益。
10.totally 考查副词。设空处作状语,应用副词形式,故填totally。
Ⅱ.A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个世界上最极端的旅行目的地:地球上最干燥的地方、最热的地方、最接近外太空的地方和最偏僻的地方。
1.D 细节理解题。根据“The driest place on Earth: Atacama Desert, Chile”部分的“You'll definitely need the right kind of sunscreen if you plan on traveling through this desert.”可知,在你去阿塔卡马沙漠的时候,防晒霜是必需品。故选D。
2.B 细节理解题。根据“The hottest place on Earth: Lut Desert, Iran”部分的“Here, temperatures soar to as high as 158 degrees Fahrenheit”及“it's a destination only for those willing to take up the challenge of surviving the heat and the unbearably dry climate”可知,伊朗的卢特沙漠非常热,因此这里适合可以忍耐高温的人们。故选B。
3.B 细节理解题。根据“The most isolated place on Earth: Tristan da Cunha, the United Kingdom”部分的“the island is home to fewer than 300 inhabitants and has no airport;Tristan da Cunha is accessible only by sea”可知岛上没有机场,只能通过海路到达,由此可知要去这里需要乘船。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.definitely adv.肯定地;明确地 2.cater to迎合,满足需要 3.accidentally adv.意外地,偶然
4.take up接受(建议或挑战) 5.approximately adv.大约
长难句
原句 Less populated, the Atacama Desert has several hotels to choose from that cater to tourists who come to explore the land.
分析 本句是主从复合句。“Less populated”为形容词短语作状语;“that cater to tourists”和“who come to explore the land”均为定语从句,分别修饰先行词hotels和tourists。
译文 阿塔卡马沙漠人口稀少,有几家酒店可供选择,以迎合前来探索这片土地的游客。
B
◎语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个温暖的故事:Lynn一家决定进行一次从佐治亚州前往阿拉斯加的家庭冒险之旅,到边境与丈夫团聚,但路上遇到了困难。出于善良,Gary Bath帮助了这一家人。
4.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中“It all started because Lynn and her two teenage children needed to get from Georgia to Alaska, where Lynn's husband, an American officer, is stationed. Lynn packed up all their belongings, bought a 4×4 truck, and started a cross-country family adventure.”可知,这个美国家庭出发去阿拉斯加是为了家庭团聚。故选D。
5.B 主旨大意题。根据第二段可知,他们越往北走,天气就越糟,Lynn用完了挡风玻璃擦拭液,雪泥覆盖了她的窗户,她看不见,更可怕的是,她的轮胎似乎在地上滑动。由此可见第二段主要讲了Lynn遇到的困难。故选B。
6.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Then the family had to find a motel and went to bed. That's when the kind people there put out a request on Facebook for someone to drive them the last 1,056 miles to the border.(然后这家人只好找一家汽车旅馆睡觉。就在那时,那里善良的人们在Facebook上发布了一则请求,希望有人可以开完最后1,056英里把他们送到边境。)”可知,汽车旅馆里的人通过寻求公众的帮助来帮助这个家庭。故选A。
7.C 推理判断题。根据第四段可知,Gary Bath看到朋友发布的有关受困家庭的帖子时正在家里,他和妻子在看了一会儿帖子发现没人能帮上忙后,决定开车送他们去边境。由此可推知,Gary Bath是一个善良且关心他人的人。故选C。
【高频词汇】 1.pack up (把……)打包 2.belongings n.个人所有物;财物 3.use up用完;耗尽 4.legally adv.法律上;合法地 5.put out发布
【熟词生义】 station vt.安置;驻扎;派驻
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们喜欢冒险的来源和科学依据。人们喜欢冒险,因为风险也意味着回报,生活中人们喜欢做一些让别人惊讶和害怕的事,这和人的大脑有关。
1.F 根据前文“Sometimes we decide...the risk seems worth taking.”可知,有时,我们认为一点不必要的危险是值得的,因为当我们权衡风险和回报时,风险似乎是值得承担的。F项(然而,我们并不是完全使用相同的参考标准来衡量风险和回报。)承接上文,形成转折关系。F项中的“weigh risks and rewards”和前文中“weigh the risk and the reward”呼应。
2.C 根据前文“Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring.”可知,冒险者更擅长打猎、打架或探险。C项(在那些方面做得更好意味着生存的机会更大。)承接上文。C项中的“Being better at those things”和前文中的“were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring”呼应。
3.A 根据前文“As a result...or maybe you hate it.”可知,人类形成了一系列至今仍然存在的性格类型,所以,也许你喜欢赛车,也许你讨厌赛车。A项(这都依据你的性格。)承接上文。A项中的“character”和前文中的“a range of character types”呼应。
4.E 根据前文“scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years(科学家说,在你十几岁的时候,你冒险的意愿会增加)”和下文“To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences.(为了帮你做那件事,你的大脑会增加你对新的体验的渴望。)”可知,E项(这是当你开始离开你的家庭,走进一个更大的世界的时候。)承接上下文,符合语境。
5.G 根据下文“For the risk-seekers...becomes active.(对于寻求冒险的人来说,大脑中与快乐有关的部分变得活跃;而对于我们其他人来说,大脑中与恐惧有关的部分变得活跃。)”可知,不同的人的大脑在面对风险时表现会不一样。G项(新的大脑研究表明,当我们面对紧张的情况时,我们的大脑会以不同的方式工作。)承接下文。
【高频词汇】 1.reward n.回报 2.scare vt.使惊恐
3.end up with以……结束 4.tolerance n.容忍,忍受
5.along with和……一起 6.a range of一系列
【熟词生义】 1.weigh vt.认真考虑;权衡 2.hit vt.到达(某地)
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