2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册同步练习--Unit 2 Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas（答案与解析）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册同步
Unit 2 Improving yourself
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.I have not met him yet but I have read his (简介) on the Internet.
2.I approve of the idea that most people are (激励) by a need to succeed.
3.For (/s kj r ti/)reasons, you’d better not visit unknown websites.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Teachers think highly of Alice, because she is (constant) working hard.
2.You cannot view the file, because it is only (access) to the superuser.
3.He has decided to step away the computer games and devote himself to studying.
4.Tom was persuaded (take) part in the election of the president of the students’ union.
5.True friends are that kind of people who are (rely) and worthy of trust.
6.At first, I thought her ideas were crazy, but reflection, I realized there was some truth in what she said.
7.You can rely on that they will finish their work ahead of time.
8.Her father’s (occupy) influenced her greatly, and Jane finally chose to be a lawyer which is suitable for her.
9.The students (distract) by the noise outside the classroom just now.
Ⅲ.选词填空
miss out; throw in the towel; switch on; be occupied with
Even though Tom failed the last exam, he didn’t 1. . Every morning, he enters the classroom early, 2. the lights and begins to study. He 3. reviewing all the knowledge he has learned carefully for fear of 4. any point. We can come to a conclusion that he will succeed.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.科技的发展有助于中国商人进入更广阔的市场。(access)
The development of science and technology helps Chinese traders to .
2.此外,随着体育场的建立,这里可以举办各种各样的体育赛事。(with的复合结构)
Moreover, , a wide range of sports events are able to be held here.(2018全国Ⅲ)
3.现在有些孩子更多地依靠父母为他们做一切事情。(rely on)
Nowadays some children everything for them.
4.因为忙着准备即将到来的考试,我没有时间放松。(一句多译:occupy)
① , I have no time for relaxation. (现在分词短语作状语)
② , I have no time for relaxation.(过去分词短语作状语)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Today marks the last day of the Social Media Detox, which is 1 fundraising campaign for new sports equipment. At first, more than 100 students had been persuaded to stop 2 (use) social media for seven days. Now, with the detox 3 (finish), they’ve switched on their 4 (device). In the campaign, some students, who found the detox was difficult to tolerate 5 (throw) in the towel halfway, while others managed the whole week. Faced with the challenge, they found new ways to communicate with each other. And now they believe that even if social media aren’t 6 (access), they still can enjoy a colourful life.
In my opinion, 7 has been raised through the detox is not only money, but also the 8 (aware) of how much we rely 9 social media. Now it’s time for us 10 (step) away from it and live a more meaningful life.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2023北大附中期中)
Once when I was facing a decision that involved high risk, I went to a friend. He looked at me for a moment, and then wrote a sentence containing the best advice I’ve ever had: Be bold and brave—and mighty(强大的) forces will come to your aid.
Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen short in the past, it was seldom because I had tried and failed. It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all. That is, faced with difficulties, I threw in the towel. On the other hand, whenever I had plunged into deep water, forced by courage or circumstance, I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again.
Boldness means a decision to bite off more than you are sure you can eat. And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces. They are potential powers we possess: energy, skill, sound judgment, creative ideas—even physical strength greater than most of us realize.
Admittedly, those mighty forces are spiritual ones. But they are more important than physical ones. A college classmate of mine, Tim, was an excellent football player, even though he weighed much less than the average player. “In one game I suddenly found myself confronting a huge player, who had nothing but me between him and our goal line,” said Tim. “I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet(子弹)—and stopped him cold.”
Boldness—a willingness to extend yourself to the extreme—is not one that can be acquired overnight. But it can be taught to children and developed in adults. Confidence builds up. Surely, there will be setbacks(挫折) and disappointments in life; boldness in itself is no guarantee of success. But the person who tries to do something and fails is a lot better off than the person who tries to do nothing and succeeds.
So, always try to motivate yourself to live a little bit beyond your abilities—and you’ll find your abilities are greater than you ever dreamed.
1.Why was the author sometimes unable to reach his goal in the past
A.He faced huge risks. B.He lacked mighty forces.
C.Fear prevented him from trying. D.Failure blocked his way to success.
2.What is the implied meaning of the underlined part
A.Swallow more than you can digest. B.Act slightly above your abilities.
C.Develop more mysterious powers. D.Learn to make creative decisions.
3.What was especially important for Tim’s successful defense in the football game
A.His physical strength. B.His basic skill.
C.His real fear. D.His spiritual force.
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage
A.To encourage people to be courageous.
B.To advise people to build up physical power.
C.To tell people the ways to guarantee success.
D.To recommend people to rely on themselves.
B
(2022山东肥城期中)
The American Academy of Pediatrics has warned about the potential negative effects of social media on young kids and teens. But the same risks may be true for adults. A review study suggests addiction symptoms (症状), such as failure to pay attention to personal life, procrastination and escapism, appear to be present in some people who use Facebook excessively (过度地).
A study also shows that when people stop using the Internet, they also go through small but measurable physical effects. Rather than promoting health, as frequent interactions (互动) with offline social networks do, the findings show that interacting with Facebook may predict the opposite result for young adults—it may undermine it.
In fact, another study found that social media use is linked to greater feelings of social isolation (孤立). We fall into the trap of comparing ourselves to others as we check our Facebook pages. The study looked at how we make comparisons with others’ posts, in “upward” or “downward” directions—that is, feeling that we are either worse or better off than our friends. It turned out that both types of comparisons made people feel worse, which was surprising, since in real life, only upward comparisons make people feel bad. But in the social network world, it seems that any kind of comparison is linked to depressive symptoms.
All of this is not to say that there is no benefit of social media—obviously it keeps us connected across great distances. But occupying yourself with social networks when you have some time to kill is very likely a bad idea. If you are feeling brave, try taking a little break, and see how it goes. And if you are going to keep “using” it, then at least try to use it reasonably.
5.What could researchers think about “using Facebook excessively”
A.It’s problem behavior. B.It’s costly and time-consuming.
C.It’s sometimes a solution to social isolation. D.It’s leading people to become imaginative.
6.What does the underlined word “undermine” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Present. B.Destroy. C.Check. D.Ensure.
7.What does the finding of the study mention in Paragraph 3
A.Social media are being given too much importance.
B.Young Facebook users feel more isolated than their elders.
C.All kinds of comparisons on social media upset people.
D.Downward comparisons are linked closer to depression than upward ones.
8.What is the main idea of the text
A.Social media affect people’s mental health.
B.Comparing ourselves with others may lead to depression.
C.Social networks have more advantages than disadvantages.
D.Nowadays people tend to turn to the Internet for satisfaction.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2022山西长治二中期中)
We know that smartphone addiction can affect lives in negative ways. A 2017 University of Texas study claimed that merely 1 (place) a smartphone in someone’s line of sight slowed down their productivity and reduced their grades. 2 earlier study from London found students who didn’t use smartphones saw their test scores increase by 6.4 percent.
It is 3 (extreme) difficult to go through the social media detox. Some people have even tried punishing 4 (they) for using their devices. Now, an app is being released (发行) in the UK that rewards people for staying away from their smartphones. The app, called Hold, 5 (create) by three Norwegian university students, who found that the positive reward was the most 6 (effect) way of motivating students to conquer smartphone addiction. Hold allows students to collect points by staying away from their devices between the hours of 7 a.m. 7 11 p.m.; they get 10 points for every 20 minutes. The points 8 (collect) can be used for discounts on everything from cinema tickets to food and drinks. A cinema ticket, for example, costs 60 points, or 2 hours’ staying away from a smartphone.
Over 120,000 people in Norway, of 9 40% are college students, use the app. It’s now available 10 students from over 170 universities in the UK.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 2 Improving yourself
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.profile 2.motivated 3.security
Ⅱ.1.constantly 考查副词。设空处作状语,应用副词形式,故填constantly。
2.accessible 考查形容词。be accessible to对……而言是可使用/可见到的。
3.from 考查介词。句意:他已决定远离电脑游戏,专心学习。step away from远离。
4.to take 考查动词不定式。be persuaded to do sth.被说服去做某事。
5.reliable 考查形容词。根据who are及and worthy可知此处应用形容词作表语,与worthy并列,由True friends可知此处表示“可信赖的”,故填reliable。
学科思维 并列连词and、but、or等前后的词性、句子成分等一般是一致的。
6.on 考查介词。句意:起初,我认为她的想法不可思议,但细想起来,我意识到她说的话有些道理。on reflection经再三考虑。
7.it 考查代词。rely on/upon it that...相信/指望……,it作形式宾语,that从句作真正的宾语。句意:你可以相信,他们会提前完成工作的。
8.occupation 考查名词。根据Her father’s及提示词可知,此处应用名词作主语。此处表示“职业”,故填occupation。
9.were distracted 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:刚才教室外边的喧闹声使学生们不能集中注意力。由just now可知应用一般过去时;be distracted by为固定搭配,意为“被……分心”,The students与distract为被动关系;主语为复数形式,故填were distracted。
Ⅲ.1.throw in the towel 2.switches on 3.is occupied with 4.missing out
Ⅳ.1.have/get/gain access to a broader market
2.with the stadium set up
3.rely more on their parents to do
4.①Occupying myself with/in preparing for the coming examination ②Occupied with/in preparing for the coming examination
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.a 考查冠词。此处表示“社交媒体脱瘾是一项为新运动器材筹款的活动”,campaign为可数名词,意为“活动,运动”, 此处表示泛指,且fundraising以辅音音素开头,故填a。
2.using 考查动名词。此处表示“100多名学生被说服停止使用社交媒体7天”。stop doing sth.停止做某事。
3.finished 考查过去分词。句意:现在随着脱瘾活动的结束,他们已经打开了自己的(电子)设备(又重新上线了)。此处为with的复合结构,detox与finish之间为逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词作宾补。
4.devices 考查名词的数。device为可数名词,由语境及空前的their可知此处应用名词复数作switched on的宾语。
5.threw 考查时态。该句中who引导定语从句,设空处为主句的谓语,该活动发生在过去,指过去的事应用一般过去时,故填threw。
6.accessible 考查形容词。分析句子结构可知,设空处作表语,结合语境可知此处表示“可使用的”,应用形容词作表语,故填accessible。
7.what 考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知, is为系动词,因此is前面为主语,“ 7 has been raised through the detox”为设空处引导的主语从句,设空处在从句中作主语,表示“……的东西”,故填what。
8.awareness 考查名词。由空前的定冠词the和空后的of可知,设空处应填名词awareness,意为“意识”。
9.on/upon 考查介词。rely on/upon sth.依赖/依靠某物。
10.to step 考查动词不定式。it’s time for sb. to do sth.意为“是某人做某事的时候了”。
Ⅱ.A
◎语篇解读 本文为议论文。作者通过朋友的建议告诉读者,要勇敢地去尝试自己没有把握的事情,即便失败也比从未尝试过要好很多。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段前两句“Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen short in the past, it was seldom because I had tried and failed. It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all.”可知,作者过去没有实现目标通常是因为害怕失败而没有去尝试。故选C。
2.B 词义猜测题。根据画线部分后文“And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces. They are potential powers we possess: energy, skill, sound judgment, creative ideas—even physical strength greater than most of us realize.”可知,大胆是一种强大的力量,这种强大的力量是我们拥有的潜在力量:精力,技巧,合理的判断,创造性的想法,甚至是比我们大多数人所意识到的更强大的体力。再结合第四段中的“those mighty forces are spiritual ones”、第五段中的“Boldness—a willingness to extend yourself to the extreme”和最后一段中的“always try to motivate yourself to live a little bit beyond your abilities”可知,大胆就是要充分发挥自己的潜力,激励自己做略超出自己能力的事。由此推断画线部分所在句是说大胆意味着一种“做略超出自己能力的事”的决定。故选B。
3.D 推理判断题。题干说的是Tim的故事,定位到第四段。根据本段主旨句“Admittedly, those mighty forces are spiritual ones.(诚然,那些强大的力量是精神上的。)”及本段最后一句中的“I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet—and stopped him cold”可知,Tim有着强大的精神力量,因此他能够成功防守。故选D。
4.A 推理判断题。文章最后一段以So引出作者要表达的写作目的:作者建议读者尽力激励自我尝试略微超出自己能力的事情,这样就会发现自己的能力比想象中的更大。也就是说作者鼓励人们要勇敢,故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.involve v.包含,需要;牵涉
2.circumstance n.客观环境;命运 3.possess v.拥有
4.admittedly adv.诚然,无可否认 5.spiritual adj.精神上的 6.desperately adv.绝望地 7.extend v.使达到,使延伸 8.extreme n.极限 9.acquire v.获得 10.build up(使)逐渐增强,(使)逐渐变大
【差距词汇】 1.bold adj.大胆自信的;敢于冒险的;轮廓突出的;黑体的→boldness n.大胆 2.plunge into投入,跳进;热情投入,贸然行动 3.confront v.面对,对抗;正视
【熟词生义】 cold adv.突然;完全;毫无准备地
长难句 原句 On the other hand, whenever I had plunged into deep water, forced by courage or circumstance, I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again.
分析 本句是主从复合句。whenever引导让步状语从句;主句中until引导时间状语从句。forced by courage or circumstance是过去分词短语作状语,表示原因。
译文 另一方面,由于勇气或客观环境的驱使,无论何时我跳入深水,我总是能一直游到双脚重新站在地面上为止。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。多项研究表明,过度使用社交网络有很多负面影响,因此作者建议人们适度使用社交媒体。
5.A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,一些过度使用Facebook的人有成瘾症状,似乎存在着诸如不关注个人生活、拖延和逃避现实等问题,因此过度使用Facebook是问题行为。
6.B 词义猜测题。由画线词所在句可知,研究结果表明,正如频繁地与离线社交网络互动一样,和Facebook互动对年轻人可能会产生与增进健康相反的结果。由此可知undermine是promoting(增进)的反义词,故B项“破坏”符合语境。
7.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But in the social network world, it seems that any kind of comparison is linked to depressive symptoms.”可知在社交网络世界中,似乎任何类型的比较都与抑郁症状有关,由此可见社交媒体上任何类型的比较都会使人苦恼。
8.A 主旨大意题。文章第一、二、三段列举了社交媒体对人们心理造成的负面影响,最后一段提醒人们要适度使用社交网络,因此,文章主要讲的是社交媒体影响人们的心理健康。
【高频词汇】 1.potential adj.潜在的 2.negative adj.消极的;负面的;有害的 3.opposite adj.相反的
4.comparison n.比较;对比
【熟词生义】 kill v.消磨(时间)
长难句 原句 It turned out that both types of comparisons made people feel worse, which was surprising, since in real life, only upward comparisons make people feel bad.
分析 本句是主从复合句。It turned out that...为固定句式,意为“结果是……”。“which was surprising”为which引导的非限制性定语从句;“since...feel bad”为since引导的原因状语从句。
译文 结果是,这两种比较都会让人感觉更糟,这是令人惊讶的,因为在现实生活中,只有向上的比较会让人感觉糟糕。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。针对智能手机成瘾对生活的负面影响,三名挪威大学生设计了一款名叫Hold的应用程序。该应用程序鼓励人们通过远离手机获得积分,获得的积分可用作从电影票到食物和饮料的折扣。
1.placing 考查动名词。分析句子结构可知,that引导的从句是宾语从句,从句中谓语slowed down前面是主语部分,表示“仅仅把智能手机放在某人的视线范围内”是一种抽象概念,因此设空处应用动名词placing。
2.An 考查冠词。句意:伦敦早期的一项研究发现,不使用智能手机的学生的考试成绩提高了6.4%。此处表示泛指,earlier以元音音素开头,故填An。
3.extremely 考查副词。设空处修饰形容词difficult,此处应用副词extremely作状语。
4.themselves 考查代词。设空处位于punishing后面作宾语,they为人称代词主格,此处表示“惩罚他们自己”,用对应的反身代词themselves。
5.was created 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,设空处在主句中作谓语,主语The app与create之间是被动关系,且事情发生在过去,应用一般过去时的被动语态。句意:这款名为Hold的应用程序是由三名挪威大学生开发的,他们发现积极奖励是激励学生克服智能手机上瘾的最有效的方式。
6.effective 考查形容词。由空前the most和空后名词way可知此处是形容词的最高级作定语修饰way,故填effective。
7.and 考查连词。between...and...在……和……之间。句意:Hold允许学生通过在早上7点到晚上11点这十几个小时之间远离智能手机来收集积分;他们每20分钟可以获得10积分。
8.collected 考查过去分词。该句中已有谓语can be used,故此处应用非谓语动词。这里表示“收集到的积分”,collect与points之间为被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。
9.whom 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,两个逗号之间为非限制性定语从句。句子主干表示“在挪威超过120,000人用这款应用程序”,设空处后面表示“40%的人是大学生”。空前有介词of,故从句指“这其中有40%的人是大学生”,故用of whom引导非限制性定语从句。
10.to 考查介词。be available to sb.可被某人利用或得到。
【高频词汇】 1.negative adj.消极的;负面的 2.claim v.声称 3.slow down (使)放慢速度,减缓 4.stay away from远离 5.discount n.折扣 6.available adj.可利用的,可获得的
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2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册同步
Unit 2 Improving yourself
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.I have not met him yet but I have read his (简介) on the Internet.
2.I approve of the idea that most people are (激励) by a need to succeed.
3.For (/s kj r ti/)reasons, you’d better not visit unknown websites.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Teachers think highly of Alice, because she is (constant) working hard.
2.You cannot view the file, because it is only (access) to the superuser.
3.He has decided to step away the computer games and devote himself to studying.
4.Tom was persuaded (take) part in the election of the president of the students’ union.
5.True friends are that kind of people who are (rely) and worthy of trust.
6.At first, I thought her ideas were crazy, but reflection, I realized there was some truth in what she said.
7.You can rely on that they will finish their work ahead of time.
8.Her father’s (occupy) influenced her greatly, and Jane finally chose to be a lawyer which is suitable for her.
9.The students (distract) by the noise outside the classroom just now.
Ⅲ.选词填空
miss out; throw in the towel; switch on; be occupied with
Even though Tom failed the last exam, he didn’t 1. . Every morning, he enters the classroom early, 2. the lights and begins to study. He 3. reviewing all the knowledge he has learned carefully for fear of 4. any point. We can come to a conclusion that he will succeed.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.科技的发展有助于中国商人进入更广阔的市场。(access)
The development of science and technology helps Chinese traders to .
2.此外,随着体育场的建立,这里可以举办各种各样的体育赛事。(with的复合结构)
Moreover, , a wide range of sports events are able to be held here.(2018全国Ⅲ)
3.现在有些孩子更多地依靠父母为他们做一切事情。(rely on)
Nowadays some children everything for them.
4.因为忙着准备即将到来的考试,我没有时间放松。(一句多译:occupy)
① , I have no time for relaxation. (现在分词短语作状语)
② , I have no time for relaxation.(过去分词短语作状语)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Today marks the last day of the Social Media Detox, which is 1 fundraising campaign for new sports equipment. At first, more than 100 students had been persuaded to stop 2 (use) social media for seven days. Now, with the detox 3 (finish), they’ve switched on their 4 (device). In the campaign, some students, who found the detox was difficult to tolerate 5 (throw) in the towel halfway, while others managed the whole week. Faced with the challenge, they found new ways to communicate with each other. And now they believe that even if social media aren’t 6 (access), they still can enjoy a colourful life.
In my opinion, 7 has been raised through the detox is not only money, but also the 8 (aware) of how much we rely 9 social media. Now it’s time for us 10 (step) away from it and live a more meaningful life.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2023北大附中期中)
Once when I was facing a decision that involved high risk, I went to a friend. He looked at me for a moment, and then wrote a sentence containing the best advice I’ve ever had: Be bold and brave—and mighty(强大的) forces will come to your aid.
Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen short in the past, it was seldom because I had tried and failed. It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all. That is, faced with difficulties, I threw in the towel. On the other hand, whenever I had plunged into deep water, forced by courage or circumstance, I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again.
Boldness means a decision to bite off more than you are sure you can eat. And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces. They are potential powers we possess: energy, skill, sound judgment, creative ideas—even physical strength greater than most of us realize.
Admittedly, those mighty forces are spiritual ones. But they are more important than physical ones. A college classmate of mine, Tim, was an excellent football player, even though he weighed much less than the average player. “In one game I suddenly found myself confronting a huge player, who had nothing but me between him and our goal line,” said Tim. “I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet(子弹)—and stopped him cold.”
Boldness—a willingness to extend yourself to the extreme—is not one that can be acquired overnight. But it can be taught to children and developed in adults. Confidence builds up. Surely, there will be setbacks(挫折) and disappointments in life; boldness in itself is no guarantee of success. But the person who tries to do something and fails is a lot better off than the person who tries to do nothing and succeeds.
So, always try to motivate yourself to live a little bit beyond your abilities—and you’ll find your abilities are greater than you ever dreamed.
1.Why was the author sometimes unable to reach his goal in the past
A.He faced huge risks. B.He lacked mighty forces.
C.Fear prevented him from trying. D.Failure blocked his way to success.
2.What is the implied meaning of the underlined part
A.Swallow more than you can digest. B.Act slightly above your abilities.
C.Develop more mysterious powers. D.Learn to make creative decisions.
3.What was especially important for Tim’s successful defense in the football game
A.His physical strength. B.His basic skill.
C.His real fear. D.His spiritual force.
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage
A.To encourage people to be courageous.
B.To advise people to build up physical power.
C.To tell people the ways to guarantee success.
D.To recommend people to rely on themselves.
B
(2022山东肥城期中)
The American Academy of Pediatrics has warned about the potential negative effects of social media on young kids and teens. But the same risks may be true for adults. A review study suggests addiction symptoms (症状), such as failure to pay attention to personal life, procrastination and escapism, appear to be present in some people who use Facebook excessively (过度地).
A study also shows that when people stop using the Internet, they also go through small but measurable physical effects. Rather than promoting health, as frequent interactions (互动) with offline social networks do, the findings show that interacting with Facebook may predict the opposite result for young adults—it may undermine it.
In fact, another study found that social media use is linked to greater feelings of social isolation (孤立). We fall into the trap of comparing ourselves to others as we check our Facebook pages. The study looked at how we make comparisons with others’ posts, in “upward” or “downward” directions—that is, feeling that we are either worse or better off than our friends. It turned out that both types of comparisons made people feel worse, which was surprising, since in real life, only upward comparisons make people feel bad. But in the social network world, it seems that any kind of comparison is linked to depressive symptoms.
All of this is not to say that there is no benefit of social media—obviously it keeps us connected across great distances. But occupying yourself with social networks when you have some time to kill is very likely a bad idea. If you are feeling brave, try taking a little break, and see how it goes. And if you are going to keep “using” it, then at least try to use it reasonably.
5.What could researchers think about “using Facebook excessively”
A.It’s problem behavior. B.It’s costly and time-consuming.
C.It’s sometimes a solution to social isolation. D.It’s leading people to become imaginative.
6.What does the underlined word “undermine” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Present. B.Destroy. C.Check. D.Ensure.
7.What does the finding of the study mention in Paragraph 3
A.Social media are being given too much importance.
B.Young Facebook users feel more isolated than their elders.
C.All kinds of comparisons on social media upset people.
D.Downward comparisons are linked closer to depression than upward ones.
8.What is the main idea of the text
A.Social media affect people’s mental health.
B.Comparing ourselves with others may lead to depression.
C.Social networks have more advantages than disadvantages.
D.Nowadays people tend to turn to the Internet for satisfaction.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2022山西长治二中期中)
We know that smartphone addiction can affect lives in negative ways. A 2017 University of Texas study claimed that merely 1 (place) a smartphone in someone’s line of sight slowed down their productivity and reduced their grades. 2 earlier study from London found students who didn’t use smartphones saw their test scores increase by 6.4 percent.
It is 3 (extreme) difficult to go through the social media detox. Some people have even tried punishing 4 (they) for using their devices. Now, an app is being released (发行) in the UK that rewards people for staying away from their smartphones. The app, called Hold, 5 (create) by three Norwegian university students, who found that the positive reward was the most 6 (effect) way of motivating students to conquer smartphone addiction. Hold allows students to collect points by staying away from their devices between the hours of 7 a.m. 7 11 p.m.; they get 10 points for every 20 minutes. The points 8 (collect) can be used for discounts on everything from cinema tickets to food and drinks. A cinema ticket, for example, costs 60 points, or 2 hours’ staying away from a smartphone.
Over 120,000 people in Norway, of 9 40% are college students, use the app. It’s now available 10 students from over 170 universities in the UK.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 2 Improving yourself
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.profile 2.motivated 3.security
Ⅱ.1.constantly 考查副词。设空处作状语,应用副词形式,故填constantly。
2.accessible 考查形容词。be accessible to对……而言是可使用/可见到的。
3.from 考查介词。句意:他已决定远离电脑游戏,专心学习。step away from远离。
4.to take 考查动词不定式。be persuaded to do sth.被说服去做某事。
5.reliable 考查形容词。根据who are及and worthy可知此处应用形容词作表语,与worthy并列,由True friends可知此处表示“可信赖的”,故填reliable。
学科思维 并列连词and、but、or等前后的词性、句子成分等一般是一致的。
6.on 考查介词。句意:起初,我认为她的想法不可思议,但细想起来,我意识到她说的话有些道理。on reflection经再三考虑。
7.it 考查代词。rely on/upon it that...相信/指望……,it作形式宾语,that从句作真正的宾语。句意:你可以相信,他们会提前完成工作的。
8.occupation 考查名词。根据Her father’s及提示词可知,此处应用名词作主语。此处表示“职业”,故填occupation。
9.were distracted 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:刚才教室外边的喧闹声使学生们不能集中注意力。由just now可知应用一般过去时;be distracted by为固定搭配,意为“被……分心”,The students与distract为被动关系;主语为复数形式,故填were distracted。
Ⅲ.1.throw in the towel 2.switches on 3.is occupied with 4.missing out
Ⅳ.1.have/get/gain access to a broader market
2.with the stadium set up
3.rely more on their parents to do
4.①Occupying myself with/in preparing for the coming examination ②Occupied with/in preparing for the coming examination
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.a 考查冠词。此处表示“社交媒体脱瘾是一项为新运动器材筹款的活动”,campaign为可数名词,意为“活动,运动”, 此处表示泛指,且fundraising以辅音音素开头,故填a。
2.using 考查动名词。此处表示“100多名学生被说服停止使用社交媒体7天”。stop doing sth.停止做某事。
3.finished 考查过去分词。句意:现在随着脱瘾活动的结束,他们已经打开了自己的(电子)设备(又重新上线了)。此处为with的复合结构,detox与finish之间为逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词作宾补。
4.devices 考查名词的数。device为可数名词,由语境及空前的their可知此处应用名词复数作switched on的宾语。
5.threw 考查时态。该句中who引导定语从句,设空处为主句的谓语,该活动发生在过去,指过去的事应用一般过去时,故填threw。
6.accessible 考查形容词。分析句子结构可知,设空处作表语,结合语境可知此处表示“可使用的”,应用形容词作表语,故填accessible。
7.what 考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知, is为系动词,因此is前面为主语,“ 7 has been raised through the detox”为设空处引导的主语从句,设空处在从句中作主语,表示“……的东西”,故填what。
8.awareness 考查名词。由空前的定冠词the和空后的of可知,设空处应填名词awareness,意为“意识”。
9.on/upon 考查介词。rely on/upon sth.依赖/依靠某物。
10.to step 考查动词不定式。it’s time for sb. to do sth.意为“是某人做某事的时候了”。
Ⅱ.A
◎语篇解读 本文为议论文。作者通过朋友的建议告诉读者,要勇敢地去尝试自己没有把握的事情,即便失败也比从未尝试过要好很多。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段前两句“Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen short in the past, it was seldom because I had tried and failed. It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all.”可知,作者过去没有实现目标通常是因为害怕失败而没有去尝试。故选C。
2.B 词义猜测题。根据画线部分后文“And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces. They are potential powers we possess: energy, skill, sound judgment, creative ideas—even physical strength greater than most of us realize.”可知,大胆是一种强大的力量,这种强大的力量是我们拥有的潜在力量:精力,技巧,合理的判断,创造性的想法,甚至是比我们大多数人所意识到的更强大的体力。再结合第四段中的“those mighty forces are spiritual ones”、第五段中的“Boldness—a willingness to extend yourself to the extreme”和最后一段中的“always try to motivate yourself to live a little bit beyond your abilities”可知,大胆就是要充分发挥自己的潜力,激励自己做略超出自己能力的事。由此推断画线部分所在句是说大胆意味着一种“做略超出自己能力的事”的决定。故选B。
3.D 推理判断题。题干说的是Tim的故事,定位到第四段。根据本段主旨句“Admittedly, those mighty forces are spiritual ones.(诚然,那些强大的力量是精神上的。)”及本段最后一句中的“I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet—and stopped him cold”可知,Tim有着强大的精神力量,因此他能够成功防守。故选D。
4.A 推理判断题。文章最后一段以So引出作者要表达的写作目的:作者建议读者尽力激励自我尝试略微超出自己能力的事情,这样就会发现自己的能力比想象中的更大。也就是说作者鼓励人们要勇敢,故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.involve v.包含,需要;牵涉
2.circumstance n.客观环境;命运 3.possess v.拥有
4.admittedly adv.诚然,无可否认 5.spiritual adj.精神上的 6.desperately adv.绝望地 7.extend v.使达到,使延伸 8.extreme n.极限 9.acquire v.获得 10.build up(使)逐渐增强,(使)逐渐变大
【差距词汇】 1.bold adj.大胆自信的;敢于冒险的;轮廓突出的;黑体的→boldness n.大胆 2.plunge into投入,跳进;热情投入,贸然行动 3.confront v.面对,对抗;正视
【熟词生义】 cold adv.突然;完全;毫无准备地
长难句 原句 On the other hand, whenever I had plunged into deep water, forced by courage or circumstance, I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again.
分析 本句是主从复合句。whenever引导让步状语从句;主句中until引导时间状语从句。forced by courage or circumstance是过去分词短语作状语,表示原因。
译文 另一方面,由于勇气或客观环境的驱使,无论何时我跳入深水,我总是能一直游到双脚重新站在地面上为止。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。多项研究表明,过度使用社交网络有很多负面影响,因此作者建议人们适度使用社交媒体。
5.A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,一些过度使用Facebook的人有成瘾症状,似乎存在着诸如不关注个人生活、拖延和逃避现实等问题,因此过度使用Facebook是问题行为。
6.B 词义猜测题。由画线词所在句可知,研究结果表明,正如频繁地与离线社交网络互动一样,和Facebook互动对年轻人可能会产生与增进健康相反的结果。由此可知undermine是promoting(增进)的反义词,故B项“破坏”符合语境。
7.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But in the social network world, it seems that any kind of comparison is linked to depressive symptoms.”可知在社交网络世界中,似乎任何类型的比较都与抑郁症状有关,由此可见社交媒体上任何类型的比较都会使人苦恼。
8.A 主旨大意题。文章第一、二、三段列举了社交媒体对人们心理造成的负面影响,最后一段提醒人们要适度使用社交网络,因此,文章主要讲的是社交媒体影响人们的心理健康。
【高频词汇】 1.potential adj.潜在的 2.negative adj.消极的;负面的;有害的 3.opposite adj.相反的
4.comparison n.比较;对比
【熟词生义】 kill v.消磨(时间)
长难句 原句 It turned out that both types of comparisons made people feel worse, which was surprising, since in real life, only upward comparisons make people feel bad.
分析 本句是主从复合句。It turned out that...为固定句式,意为“结果是……”。“which was surprising”为which引导的非限制性定语从句;“since...feel bad”为since引导的原因状语从句。
译文 结果是,这两种比较都会让人感觉更糟,这是令人惊讶的,因为在现实生活中,只有向上的比较会让人感觉糟糕。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。针对智能手机成瘾对生活的负面影响,三名挪威大学生设计了一款名叫Hold的应用程序。该应用程序鼓励人们通过远离手机获得积分,获得的积分可用作从电影票到食物和饮料的折扣。
1.placing 考查动名词。分析句子结构可知,that引导的从句是宾语从句,从句中谓语slowed down前面是主语部分,表示“仅仅把智能手机放在某人的视线范围内”是一种抽象概念,因此设空处应用动名词placing。
2.An 考查冠词。句意:伦敦早期的一项研究发现,不使用智能手机的学生的考试成绩提高了6.4%。此处表示泛指,earlier以元音音素开头,故填An。
3.extremely 考查副词。设空处修饰形容词difficult,此处应用副词extremely作状语。
4.themselves 考查代词。设空处位于punishing后面作宾语,they为人称代词主格,此处表示“惩罚他们自己”,用对应的反身代词themselves。
5.was created 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,设空处在主句中作谓语,主语The app与create之间是被动关系,且事情发生在过去,应用一般过去时的被动语态。句意:这款名为Hold的应用程序是由三名挪威大学生开发的,他们发现积极奖励是激励学生克服智能手机上瘾的最有效的方式。
6.effective 考查形容词。由空前the most和空后名词way可知此处是形容词的最高级作定语修饰way,故填effective。
7.and 考查连词。between...and...在……和……之间。句意:Hold允许学生通过在早上7点到晚上11点这十几个小时之间远离智能手机来收集积分;他们每20分钟可以获得10积分。
8.collected 考查过去分词。该句中已有谓语can be used,故此处应用非谓语动词。这里表示“收集到的积分”,collect与points之间为被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。
9.whom 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,两个逗号之间为非限制性定语从句。句子主干表示“在挪威超过120,000人用这款应用程序”,设空处后面表示“40%的人是大学生”。空前有介词of,故从句指“这其中有40%的人是大学生”,故用of whom引导非限制性定语从句。
10.to 考查介词。be available to sb.可被某人利用或得到。
【高频词汇】 1.negative adj.消极的;负面的 2.claim v.声称 3.slow down (使)放慢速度,减缓 4.stay away from远离 5.discount n.折扣 6.available adj.可利用的,可获得的
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