2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册同步练习--Unit 3 Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas（答案与解析）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册同步
Unit 3 Times change!
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Tasting delicious, the fresh fruits were sold out as soon as they were put onto these (架子).
2.The animal has faced the danger of extinction in about several (十年), with the number shrinking to about 50.
3.Although new to the job, the young man showed outstanding (领导) skills at the event.
4. She returned home and found all her (/ f n t /) had been ruined by the flood.
5. She does some voluntary work constantly, caring for the e people.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.bout five weeks ago, I noticed the skin of our pet lizard(蜥蜴) was growing (dust). (2021天津3月)
2.He said he felt like he was good hands when staying with us.
3.The athletes from all over the world competed the honor of their country.
4.When Michael took the company, he took many measures to motivate his employees.
5.Did you predict how many students would sign up for the dance (compete)
6.He was embarrassed (find) that he had made the same mistake as last time.
7.He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he (follow).
Ⅲ.选词填空
pop up; a bunch of; compete with; drop in
This morning, Tom called me and said that he would 1. on me. After a while, I heard a knock at the door. I opened and to my surprise and delight, 2. my friends 3. in front of me. They congratulated me on my wonderful performance in the basketball match. They said they were moved to see that I 4. the rivals bravely.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.下课后,我们都冲出教室向老师挥手告别。(wave)
When the class was over, we all rushed out of the classroom our teacher.
2.如果是这样,你可能会惊讶地得知,图书馆已经变得更好了。(surprised)
If so, that libraries have changed for the better.(2020天津)
3.出于对那个无家可归的孩子的同情,那家好心人收留他过夜。(sympathy)
, the kind family gave him shelter for the night.(读后续写—情节描写)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Having heard the Rainbow Bookstore was closing, I had a long chat with Casey, the store’s elderly owner. He said 1 the development of technology, more and more people preferred to read e-books on tablets or buy books online. Now it was difficult 2 (run) an independent bookstore.
Childhood 3 (memory) came back to me so clearly, as if the events 4 (happen) only yesterday. When young, I, together with other kids, spent hours reading, 5 (seat) on the store’s old but comfortable furniture. It’s a pity to say goodbye to it.
A few months later, I returned to the neighborhood and was 6 (surprise) to see the bookstore still open. Stepping into it, I found that inside it was like 7 different world. I 8 (tell) that a saleswoman, 9 had grown up in the neighborhood, had now taken over the bookstore from Casey.
Now the bookstore has entered a new chapter. Corporate knowledge combined with 10 (create) plays a vital role in bringing it into the 21st century!
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2023山东省烟台一中月考)
Peter Whittle helps people get their time back. From behind the counter of his repair shop, he brings 19th-century pocket watches, old European clocks, and modern Rolexes to life.
Digital watches and cellphones may have replaced traditional timekeepers for many, but in the two decades since he opened Whittle’s Watch Works, the demand for his services has only grown. Open three days a week, Whittle’s shop takes more than 1,000 watches a year, sometimes 10 in one day.
Sixty years ago, there were more than 50,000 independent watchmakers in America. These days, the number has dropped to fewer than 6,000, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
“People say no one wears watches anymore,”Whittle says. “But at home, somewhere in a drawer,you might have your mother’s watch or your grandfather’s watch. And one day,you might find that you want to get it repaired.”
Whittle says he’s been busy since the day the shop opened. He doesn’t advertise, and seldom has an online presence, but people knock on the door even when the closed sign is up. During office hours he wears a long white coat that makes him look like a doctor, which he is, in a way. Whittle’s services can cost very little, or hundreds. Working on Rolexes, each with about 225 pieces inside, costs an average of $700.
Joseph Caprara, a watch collector, has been coming to Whittle’s shop for more than ten years. Of the dozens of timepieces he’s brought to Whittle, one of the most memorable was an inexpensive watch his mother wore. “What he’s really doing sometimes is restoring memories,” Caprara says. “Sometimes a watch is worth a lot more to a person than you think.”
Though the great increase of cellphones has led to fewer people wearing watches, Jordan Ficklin, executive director of the American Watchmakers-Clockmakers Institute, sees hope for the industry in newer devices like Apple watches, which he says are bringing back that sense of a physical connection with a watch. And like traditional timepieces, the marketing around computerized watches often links the device to emotional experiences: a non-athlete training for a first marathon, a parent monitoring a child’s illness, people whose watches have become an integral component of their life.
1.What do we know about Whittle’s Watch Works
A.It is going well.
B.It opens five days a week.
C.It needs online advertising.
D.It has fewer and fewer customers.
2.What does Whittle think about repairing watches
A.It is challenging.
B.It still has a market.
C.It is disappearing slowly.
D.It should charge higher than before.
3.What does Caprara say about watches
A.They keep old memories alive.
B.They are a waste of money.
C.They are likely to rise in value.
D.They have gone out of fashion.
4.What can we learn about computerized watches
A.They fail to sell well.
B.They will replace traditional watches.
C.They have a huge influence on cellphones.
D.They can also create emotional ties with customers.
B
(2023辽宁鞍山一中月考)
On a recent afternoon, Sarah Levy picked up an empty pickle jar (腌菜罐子) from a shelf in her store, sniffed it, and then suggested a customer fill it with soap. There’s a take-a-jar, leave-a-jar policy at Cleenland, Levy’s new “low-waste, no-shame” store that lets shoppers stock up on cleaning supplies using their own bottles. And as an early adopter of a new shift in American consumption habits, she has become expert at getting the pickle smell out of glass. “This is not a tendency; it’s a rebirth of interest in reuse instead of recycling,” said Levy.
As consumers seek to limit the waste they create, more local entrepreneurs like Levy are stepping in to serve them and have begun opening stores—physical, mobile, and online. Boston General Store is selling a growing variety of zero-waste decorations. Make & Mend sells second-hand arts and crafts in Somerville’s Bow Market.
Julia Wilson, who tracks business sustainability (可持续性) efforts for research firm Nielsen, says 73% of consumers are looking to shift their consumption habits to reduce their environmental impact, and she predicts that they’ll spend $150 billion on sustainable goods by 2024. “It opens the door for new entrepreneurs who are thinking about things differently,” she said. Some entrepreneurs are using a “circular economy” model in which goods are delivered in strong packages and they are sent back when they’re empty. Boston-based ThreeMain opened earlier this year selling cleaning products in reusable aluminum bottles. The most well-funded attempt, Loop, sells 100 major brands in reusable containers.
Levy recognizes the difficulty involved in changing consumer habits, but she says the model works because she’s selling necessities. And she’s hopeful, as zero-waste shops have exploded abroad in Britain, Canada, and particularly in Australia, where the non-profit Plastic Free Foundation launched the Plastic Free July campaign, which has become a global phenomenon.
5.Why are Boston General Store and Make & Mend mentioned according to the passage
A.To show many local companies have taken part in the low-waste campaign.
B.To tell us many entrepreneurs ignore their customers’ consumption habits.
C.To prove that it is important to offer diverse products to the local customers.
D.To prove that many companies have taken action to expand their business.
6.According to Julia Wilson, what should entrepreneurs do in the future
A.Pay more attention to the quality of their goods.
B.Promote new-branded goods on a regular basis.
C.Make sure their goods are affordable and reusable.
D.Provide sustainable goods for the market.
7.What can we know from the last paragraph
A.Necessities are always in great demand in the market.
B.Non-profit organizations favor zero-waste lifestyles most.
C.Levy believes zero-waste shops will be accepted worldwide.
D.Countries should work together to change consumer habits.
8.How does the author support his opinion in the text
A.By giving examples.
B.By analyzing causes.
C.By making comparisons.
D.By making predictions.
Ⅲ.七选五
(2021安徽池州市第一中学月考)
Members of Generation Z, born after 1996, will have to focus on human connections if they want to compete with robots for the occupations of the future. Therefore, it is important for Gen Z to have “soft” skills. 1 To be successful, Gen Z members need to acquire the following “soft” skills.
Be a good communicator
Some employers fear that Gen Z cannot do better than the robots they are competing with. 2 Good communication skills. Gen Z should pay attention to the importance of relationship building, listening and communication.
3
Although most of Gen Z are still in school, they already need to think about how to continually adapt to a fast-changing world. To get success, they must expand their skills and learn to meet the requirements of the work.
Find work that gives you a sense of purpose
4 They said they were considering changing their jobs because of it. In fact, workers are at their best when doing something meaningful to them. “Soft” skills are increasingly important for getting a dream job. Gen Z should make the most of them, otherwise they may appear less attractive to employers. What’s more, to have an advantage over robots, Gen Z are supposed to acquire as many “soft” skills as they can. 5
A.Be a good listener
B.Be a continuous learner
C.Why should Gen Z workers be effective
D.What will make Gen Z workers stand out
E.They help workers to compete with machines that are skilled.
F.Only in this way can Gen Z win the opportunity for better future jobs and achieve success.
G.Nearly half of the Gen Z said they had experienced job burnout(精疲力竭) in the past year.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Unit 3 Times change!
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.shelves 2.decades 3.leadership 4.furniture 5.elderly
Ⅱ.1.dusty 考查形容词。句意:大约五周前,我注意到我们的宠物蜥蜴的皮肤正逐渐变成土灰色。根据句意可知,grow意为“变得”,设空处作表语,意为“土灰色的”,应用形容词dusty。
2.in 考查介词。句意:他说他觉得和我们待在一起时得到了很好的照顾。in good hands 意为“得到很好的照顾”。
3.for 考查介词。句意:来自世界各地的运动员为了他们国家的荣誉而比赛。compete for意为“为……而比赛”。
4.over 考查副词。句意:迈克尔接管公司后,采取了许多措施来激励员工。take over意为“接管”。
5.competition 考查名词。句意:你预测会有多少学生报名参加舞蹈比赛了吗 根据设空处前的the可知,设空处应用名词。a dance competition意为“舞蹈比赛”。
6.to find 考查动词不定式。句意:他发现自己犯了和上次相同的错误,对此感到尴尬。此处为“主语+be+表示心理活动的形容词+to do”结构,动词不定式作原因状语。
7.was being followed 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:他匆匆忙忙地回家,不曾回头看他是否被跟踪。由句意可知,此处表示过去某一时间段正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时。if引导的宾语从句中,he和follow之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态。主语是he,故填was being followed。
Ⅲ.1.drop in 2.a bunch of 3.popped up 4.competed with
Ⅳ.1.to wave goodbye to
2.you may be surprised to learn
3.Out of sympathy for the homeless child
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.with 考查介词。此处表示“随着科技的发展”,with 意为“随着”,符合语境。
2.to run 考查不定式。此处为“it+系动词+adj.+to do sth.”结构,it为形式主语,应用动词不定式作真正的主语。
3.memories 考查名词复数。句意:我清晰地回想起童年的记忆,仿佛那些事就发生在昨天。根据句意可知此处表示童年的很多记忆,则memory在此处意为“记忆”,为可数名词,空前没有冠词等限定词修饰,空处应用其复数形式。
4.had happened 考查虚拟语气。句意同上题。此处as if引导方式状语从句,表示与过去的事实相反,因此从句用过去完成时。
5.seated 考查过去分词。(be) seated on...意为“坐在……”,表示状态。此处是过去分词短语作状语。
易错归因 该题容易误填seating。seat是及物动词,意思不是“坐”,而是“使……坐”,因此,人和seat之间是被动关系,要用过去分词形式作状语。
6.surprised 考查形容词。be surprised to do sth.意为“做某事感到惊讶”,surprised表示“惊讶的”。故填surprised。
7.a 考查冠词。句意:走进它,我发现它里面就像一个不同的世界。此处表示泛指,且后面的different以辅音音素开头,故填a。
8.was told 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:有人告诉我,一个在附近长大的女售货员现在从凯西手中接管了书店。I与tell之间为被动关系,且事情发生在过去,应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为I,be动词应用was。
9.who 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,逗号前面为a saleswoman,两个逗号之间的部分缺少主语,故推测设空处引导非限制性定语从句。先行词为a saleswoman,关系词在从句中作主语,指人,应用who。这里指“一个在附近长大的女售货员”。
10.creativity 考查名词。由设空处前的介词with可知,此处应用名词形式。creativity意为“创造力”。
Ⅱ.A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。虽然时代在变,但是人们对承载着回忆的手表的情感不会消失,手表修理行业也不会没落。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“but in the two decades since he opened Whittle’s Watch Works,the demand for his services has only grown”可知,Whittle’s Watch Works发展得很好。
2.B 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“But at home,somewhere in a drawer,you might have your mother’s watch or your grandfather’s watch. And one day,you might find that you want to get it repaired.”可知,Whittle认为人们总会有想要修理手表的时候,因此手表修理仍然有市场。
3.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“What he’s really doing sometimes is restoring memories”和“Sometimes a watch is worth a lot more to a person than you think.”可知,Caprara认为手表承载着我们的记忆。
4.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“And like traditional timepieces, the marketing around computerized watches often links the device to emotional experiences”可知,智能手表通常也会与人们建立情感纽带。
【高频词汇】 1.digital adj.数字式的,数码的
2.demand n.需求 3.memorable adj.难忘的,值得纪念的 4.restore v.修复
【差距词汇】 1.executive director n.执行董事
2.computerized adj.计算机化的
长难句 原句 Of the dozens of timepieces he’s brought to Whittle, one of the most memorable was an inexpensive watch his mother wore.
分析 本句是主从复合句。“he’s brought to Whittle”为省略了关系词的定语从句,修饰先行词timepieces。“his mother wore”为省略了关系词的定语从句,修饰先行词watch。
译文 在他带给Whittle的几十块表中,最令人难忘的表之一是他母亲戴的一块不贵的手表。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。为了减少生活垃圾对环境的影响,人们的消费习惯已经发生变化,所以企业销售的东西也应做出改变以迎合人们的消费习惯。事实上,越来越多的公司也看准了这一点,销售的产品也以可反复使用为特色。
5.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Levy’s new ‘low-waste, no-shame’ store”“an early adopter of a new shift in American consumption habits”和“This is not a tendency; it’s a rebirth of interest in reuse instead of recycling”可知,Levy在践行少垃圾生活方式,提倡物品的可重复使用。紧接着,作者在第二段指出更多像Levy的企业家加入了控制垃圾的行动中,下文列举了Boston General Store销售零垃圾饰品和Make & Mend售卖二手手工艺品。由此可知,作者提及Boston General Store和Make & Mend是为了说明许多当地企业已加入零垃圾运动之中,为环保做出贡献。故选A。
6.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“she predicts that they’ll spend $150 billion on sustainable goods by 2024”可知,Julia Wilson预测未来顾客对可持续性物品的需求会很大,因此未来的企业发展需要关注的是为顾客提供可持续的(即可重复使用的)物品以满足市场需要。故选D。
7.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“she’s hopeful, as zero-waste shops have exploded abroad in Britain, Canada, and particularly in Australia, where the non-profit Plastic Free Foundation launched the Plastic Free July campaign, which has become a global phenomenon”可知,Levy对零垃圾商店的前景很乐观,因为它们现在已经出现在英国、加拿大及澳大利亚,且澳大利亚的Plastic Free July运动在全球流行。由此可推知,Levy认为零垃圾商店会在全世界范围内得到认可。故选C。
8.A 推理判断题。纵观全文可知,本文主要介绍的是零垃圾生活方式能为企业提供新的商机,而文中提到的Cleenland、Boston General Store、Make & Mend、ThreeMain和Loop都是作者用来证明这一观点所举的具体事例。由此可知,作者是通过举例子的方式来支撑其观点的。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.pick up 拿起 2.consumption n.消费,消耗,食用 3.become expert at 在……方面变得擅长 4.decoration n.装饰品 5.track v.跟踪(进展情况);追踪 6.deliver v.运送;交付 7.explode v.激增;爆炸
【差距词汇】 1.sniff v.闻,嗅 2.entrepreneur n.企业家;创业者 3.aluminum n.铝
长难句 原句 And she’s hopeful, as zero-waste shops have exploded abroad in Britain, Canada, and particularly in Australia, where the non-profit Plastic Free Foundation launched the Plastic Free July campaign, which has become a global phenomenon.
分析 这是一个主从复合句。as引导原因状语从句;where引导非限制性定语从句,从句修饰先行词Australia;which引导非限制性定语从句,指代前文提及的the Plastic Free July campaign。
译文 她满怀希望,因为零垃圾商店在英国、加拿大遍地开花,尤其是在澳大利亚,在那里非营利组织“无塑料基金会”发起了“无塑料七月”活动,这已经成为一种全球现象。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。1996年后出生的Z世代如果想在未来与机器人竞争工作,就必须把重点放在人际关系上。因此,对于Z世代来说,拥有“软”技能非常重要。文章主要说明了Z世代需要掌握的一些“软”技能。
1.E 细节句。上文提到1996年后出生的Z世代如果想与机器人竞争未来的工作,就必须把重点放在人际关系上,因此对于Z世代来说,拥有“软”技能非常重要。本句应承接上文说明“软”技能的作用,故E项“它们帮助员工与有技能的机器竞争。”符合语境。上文中的“compete with robots”可对应到E项中的“compete with machines”。
2.D 过渡句。设空处与前后文构成的语境为:一些雇主担心,Z世代无法比与他们竞争的机器人做得更好→ 2 →Z世代应该具有良好的沟通技能。由此可知设空处承上启下,D项“什么会让Z世代员工脱颖而出 ”符合语境。
3.B 主旨句。设空处为本段小标题,结合第二、四段小标题可知此处应选祈使句作为本段的主旨句。本段主要说的是Z世代要适应这个快速变化的世界,就必须提高自己的技能。故B项“做一个持续的学习者”符合语境。
4.G 细节句。后文提到他们正考虑为此换工作,说明Z世代有不好的工作经历,故G项“近一半的Z世代称他们在过去一年里经历了职业倦怠。”符合语境。空后句中的it指代G项中的“job burnout”。
5.F 细节句。上一句提到,更重要的是,为了比机器人更有优势,Z世代应该尽可能多地掌握“软”技能。本句承接上文,说明掌握“软”技能对Z世代未来发展的重要性。故F项“只有这样,Z世代才能获得更好的未来的工作的机会,取得成功。”符合语境。
【高频词汇】 1.adapt to适应 2.at one’s best处在最佳状态 3.meaningful adj.有意义的 4.make the most of充分利用 5.attractive adj.有吸引力的 6.have an advantage over 胜过,优于 7.be supposed to应该 8.acquire v.获得,得到
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2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册同步
Unit 3 Times change!
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Tasting delicious, the fresh fruits were sold out as soon as they were put onto these (架子).
2.The animal has faced the danger of extinction in about several (十年), with the number shrinking to about 50.
3.Although new to the job, the young man showed outstanding (领导) skills at the event.
4. She returned home and found all her (/ f n t /) had been ruined by the flood.
5. She does some voluntary work constantly, caring for the e people.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.bout five weeks ago, I noticed the skin of our pet lizard(蜥蜴) was growing (dust). (2021天津3月)
2.He said he felt like he was good hands when staying with us.
3.The athletes from all over the world competed the honor of their country.
4.When Michael took the company, he took many measures to motivate his employees.
5.Did you predict how many students would sign up for the dance (compete)
6.He was embarrassed (find) that he had made the same mistake as last time.
7.He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he (follow).
Ⅲ.选词填空
pop up; a bunch of; compete with; drop in
This morning, Tom called me and said that he would 1. on me. After a while, I heard a knock at the door. I opened and to my surprise and delight, 2. my friends 3. in front of me. They congratulated me on my wonderful performance in the basketball match. They said they were moved to see that I 4. the rivals bravely.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.下课后,我们都冲出教室向老师挥手告别。(wave)
When the class was over, we all rushed out of the classroom our teacher.
2.如果是这样,你可能会惊讶地得知,图书馆已经变得更好了。(surprised)
If so, that libraries have changed for the better.(2020天津)
3.出于对那个无家可归的孩子的同情,那家好心人收留他过夜。(sympathy)
, the kind family gave him shelter for the night.(读后续写—情节描写)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Having heard the Rainbow Bookstore was closing, I had a long chat with Casey, the store’s elderly owner. He said 1 the development of technology, more and more people preferred to read e-books on tablets or buy books online. Now it was difficult 2 (run) an independent bookstore.
Childhood 3 (memory) came back to me so clearly, as if the events 4 (happen) only yesterday. When young, I, together with other kids, spent hours reading, 5 (seat) on the store’s old but comfortable furniture. It’s a pity to say goodbye to it.
A few months later, I returned to the neighborhood and was 6 (surprise) to see the bookstore still open. Stepping into it, I found that inside it was like 7 different world. I 8 (tell) that a saleswoman, 9 had grown up in the neighborhood, had now taken over the bookstore from Casey.
Now the bookstore has entered a new chapter. Corporate knowledge combined with 10 (create) plays a vital role in bringing it into the 21st century!
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2023山东省烟台一中月考)
Peter Whittle helps people get their time back. From behind the counter of his repair shop, he brings 19th-century pocket watches, old European clocks, and modern Rolexes to life.
Digital watches and cellphones may have replaced traditional timekeepers for many, but in the two decades since he opened Whittle’s Watch Works, the demand for his services has only grown. Open three days a week, Whittle’s shop takes more than 1,000 watches a year, sometimes 10 in one day.
Sixty years ago, there were more than 50,000 independent watchmakers in America. These days, the number has dropped to fewer than 6,000, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
“People say no one wears watches anymore,”Whittle says. “But at home, somewhere in a drawer,you might have your mother’s watch or your grandfather’s watch. And one day,you might find that you want to get it repaired.”
Whittle says he’s been busy since the day the shop opened. He doesn’t advertise, and seldom has an online presence, but people knock on the door even when the closed sign is up. During office hours he wears a long white coat that makes him look like a doctor, which he is, in a way. Whittle’s services can cost very little, or hundreds. Working on Rolexes, each with about 225 pieces inside, costs an average of $700.
Joseph Caprara, a watch collector, has been coming to Whittle’s shop for more than ten years. Of the dozens of timepieces he’s brought to Whittle, one of the most memorable was an inexpensive watch his mother wore. “What he’s really doing sometimes is restoring memories,” Caprara says. “Sometimes a watch is worth a lot more to a person than you think.”
Though the great increase of cellphones has led to fewer people wearing watches, Jordan Ficklin, executive director of the American Watchmakers-Clockmakers Institute, sees hope for the industry in newer devices like Apple watches, which he says are bringing back that sense of a physical connection with a watch. And like traditional timepieces, the marketing around computerized watches often links the device to emotional experiences: a non-athlete training for a first marathon, a parent monitoring a child’s illness, people whose watches have become an integral component of their life.
1.What do we know about Whittle’s Watch Works
A.It is going well.
B.It opens five days a week.
C.It needs online advertising.
D.It has fewer and fewer customers.
2.What does Whittle think about repairing watches
A.It is challenging.
B.It still has a market.
C.It is disappearing slowly.
D.It should charge higher than before.
3.What does Caprara say about watches
A.They keep old memories alive.
B.They are a waste of money.
C.They are likely to rise in value.
D.They have gone out of fashion.
4.What can we learn about computerized watches
A.They fail to sell well.
B.They will replace traditional watches.
C.They have a huge influence on cellphones.
D.They can also create emotional ties with customers.
B
(2023辽宁鞍山一中月考)
On a recent afternoon, Sarah Levy picked up an empty pickle jar (腌菜罐子) from a shelf in her store, sniffed it, and then suggested a customer fill it with soap. There’s a take-a-jar, leave-a-jar policy at Cleenland, Levy’s new “low-waste, no-shame” store that lets shoppers stock up on cleaning supplies using their own bottles. And as an early adopter of a new shift in American consumption habits, she has become expert at getting the pickle smell out of glass. “This is not a tendency; it’s a rebirth of interest in reuse instead of recycling,” said Levy.
As consumers seek to limit the waste they create, more local entrepreneurs like Levy are stepping in to serve them and have begun opening stores—physical, mobile, and online. Boston General Store is selling a growing variety of zero-waste decorations. Make & Mend sells second-hand arts and crafts in Somerville’s Bow Market.
Julia Wilson, who tracks business sustainability (可持续性) efforts for research firm Nielsen, says 73% of consumers are looking to shift their consumption habits to reduce their environmental impact, and she predicts that they’ll spend $150 billion on sustainable goods by 2024. “It opens the door for new entrepreneurs who are thinking about things differently,” she said. Some entrepreneurs are using a “circular economy” model in which goods are delivered in strong packages and they are sent back when they’re empty. Boston-based ThreeMain opened earlier this year selling cleaning products in reusable aluminum bottles. The most well-funded attempt, Loop, sells 100 major brands in reusable containers.
Levy recognizes the difficulty involved in changing consumer habits, but she says the model works because she’s selling necessities. And she’s hopeful, as zero-waste shops have exploded abroad in Britain, Canada, and particularly in Australia, where the non-profit Plastic Free Foundation launched the Plastic Free July campaign, which has become a global phenomenon.
5.Why are Boston General Store and Make & Mend mentioned according to the passage
A.To show many local companies have taken part in the low-waste campaign.
B.To tell us many entrepreneurs ignore their customers’ consumption habits.
C.To prove that it is important to offer diverse products to the local customers.
D.To prove that many companies have taken action to expand their business.
6.According to Julia Wilson, what should entrepreneurs do in the future
A.Pay more attention to the quality of their goods.
B.Promote new-branded goods on a regular basis.
C.Make sure their goods are affordable and reusable.
D.Provide sustainable goods for the market.
7.What can we know from the last paragraph
A.Necessities are always in great demand in the market.
B.Non-profit organizations favor zero-waste lifestyles most.
C.Levy believes zero-waste shops will be accepted worldwide.
D.Countries should work together to change consumer habits.
8.How does the author support his opinion in the text
A.By giving examples.
B.By analyzing causes.
C.By making comparisons.
D.By making predictions.
Ⅲ.七选五
(2021安徽池州市第一中学月考)
Members of Generation Z, born after 1996, will have to focus on human connections if they want to compete with robots for the occupations of the future. Therefore, it is important for Gen Z to have “soft” skills. 1 To be successful, Gen Z members need to acquire the following “soft” skills.
Be a good communicator
Some employers fear that Gen Z cannot do better than the robots they are competing with. 2 Good communication skills. Gen Z should pay attention to the importance of relationship building, listening and communication.
3
Although most of Gen Z are still in school, they already need to think about how to continually adapt to a fast-changing world. To get success, they must expand their skills and learn to meet the requirements of the work.
Find work that gives you a sense of purpose
4 They said they were considering changing their jobs because of it. In fact, workers are at their best when doing something meaningful to them. “Soft” skills are increasingly important for getting a dream job. Gen Z should make the most of them, otherwise they may appear less attractive to employers. What’s more, to have an advantage over robots, Gen Z are supposed to acquire as many “soft” skills as they can. 5
A.Be a good listener
B.Be a continuous learner
C.Why should Gen Z workers be effective
D.What will make Gen Z workers stand out
E.They help workers to compete with machines that are skilled.
F.Only in this way can Gen Z win the opportunity for better future jobs and achieve success.
G.Nearly half of the Gen Z said they had experienced job burnout(精疲力竭) in the past year.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Unit 3 Times change!
Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.shelves 2.decades 3.leadership 4.furniture 5.elderly
Ⅱ.1.dusty 考查形容词。句意:大约五周前,我注意到我们的宠物蜥蜴的皮肤正逐渐变成土灰色。根据句意可知,grow意为“变得”,设空处作表语,意为“土灰色的”,应用形容词dusty。
2.in 考查介词。句意:他说他觉得和我们待在一起时得到了很好的照顾。in good hands 意为“得到很好的照顾”。
3.for 考查介词。句意:来自世界各地的运动员为了他们国家的荣誉而比赛。compete for意为“为……而比赛”。
4.over 考查副词。句意:迈克尔接管公司后,采取了许多措施来激励员工。take over意为“接管”。
5.competition 考查名词。句意:你预测会有多少学生报名参加舞蹈比赛了吗 根据设空处前的the可知,设空处应用名词。a dance competition意为“舞蹈比赛”。
6.to find 考查动词不定式。句意:他发现自己犯了和上次相同的错误,对此感到尴尬。此处为“主语+be+表示心理活动的形容词+to do”结构,动词不定式作原因状语。
7.was being followed 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:他匆匆忙忙地回家,不曾回头看他是否被跟踪。由句意可知,此处表示过去某一时间段正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时。if引导的宾语从句中,he和follow之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态。主语是he,故填was being followed。
Ⅲ.1.drop in 2.a bunch of 3.popped up 4.competed with
Ⅳ.1.to wave goodbye to
2.you may be surprised to learn
3.Out of sympathy for the homeless child
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.with 考查介词。此处表示“随着科技的发展”,with 意为“随着”,符合语境。
2.to run 考查不定式。此处为“it+系动词+adj.+to do sth.”结构,it为形式主语,应用动词不定式作真正的主语。
3.memories 考查名词复数。句意:我清晰地回想起童年的记忆,仿佛那些事就发生在昨天。根据句意可知此处表示童年的很多记忆,则memory在此处意为“记忆”,为可数名词,空前没有冠词等限定词修饰,空处应用其复数形式。
4.had happened 考查虚拟语气。句意同上题。此处as if引导方式状语从句,表示与过去的事实相反,因此从句用过去完成时。
5.seated 考查过去分词。(be) seated on...意为“坐在……”,表示状态。此处是过去分词短语作状语。
易错归因 该题容易误填seating。seat是及物动词,意思不是“坐”,而是“使……坐”,因此,人和seat之间是被动关系,要用过去分词形式作状语。
6.surprised 考查形容词。be surprised to do sth.意为“做某事感到惊讶”,surprised表示“惊讶的”。故填surprised。
7.a 考查冠词。句意:走进它,我发现它里面就像一个不同的世界。此处表示泛指,且后面的different以辅音音素开头,故填a。
8.was told 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:有人告诉我,一个在附近长大的女售货员现在从凯西手中接管了书店。I与tell之间为被动关系,且事情发生在过去,应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为I,be动词应用was。
9.who 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,逗号前面为a saleswoman,两个逗号之间的部分缺少主语,故推测设空处引导非限制性定语从句。先行词为a saleswoman,关系词在从句中作主语,指人,应用who。这里指“一个在附近长大的女售货员”。
10.creativity 考查名词。由设空处前的介词with可知,此处应用名词形式。creativity意为“创造力”。
Ⅱ.A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。虽然时代在变,但是人们对承载着回忆的手表的情感不会消失,手表修理行业也不会没落。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“but in the two decades since he opened Whittle’s Watch Works,the demand for his services has only grown”可知,Whittle’s Watch Works发展得很好。
2.B 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“But at home,somewhere in a drawer,you might have your mother’s watch or your grandfather’s watch. And one day,you might find that you want to get it repaired.”可知,Whittle认为人们总会有想要修理手表的时候,因此手表修理仍然有市场。
3.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“What he’s really doing sometimes is restoring memories”和“Sometimes a watch is worth a lot more to a person than you think.”可知,Caprara认为手表承载着我们的记忆。
4.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“And like traditional timepieces, the marketing around computerized watches often links the device to emotional experiences”可知,智能手表通常也会与人们建立情感纽带。
【高频词汇】 1.digital adj.数字式的,数码的
2.demand n.需求 3.memorable adj.难忘的,值得纪念的 4.restore v.修复
【差距词汇】 1.executive director n.执行董事
2.computerized adj.计算机化的
长难句 原句 Of the dozens of timepieces he’s brought to Whittle, one of the most memorable was an inexpensive watch his mother wore.
分析 本句是主从复合句。“he’s brought to Whittle”为省略了关系词的定语从句,修饰先行词timepieces。“his mother wore”为省略了关系词的定语从句,修饰先行词watch。
译文 在他带给Whittle的几十块表中,最令人难忘的表之一是他母亲戴的一块不贵的手表。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。为了减少生活垃圾对环境的影响,人们的消费习惯已经发生变化,所以企业销售的东西也应做出改变以迎合人们的消费习惯。事实上,越来越多的公司也看准了这一点,销售的产品也以可反复使用为特色。
5.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Levy’s new ‘low-waste, no-shame’ store”“an early adopter of a new shift in American consumption habits”和“This is not a tendency; it’s a rebirth of interest in reuse instead of recycling”可知,Levy在践行少垃圾生活方式,提倡物品的可重复使用。紧接着,作者在第二段指出更多像Levy的企业家加入了控制垃圾的行动中,下文列举了Boston General Store销售零垃圾饰品和Make & Mend售卖二手手工艺品。由此可知,作者提及Boston General Store和Make & Mend是为了说明许多当地企业已加入零垃圾运动之中,为环保做出贡献。故选A。
6.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“she predicts that they’ll spend $150 billion on sustainable goods by 2024”可知,Julia Wilson预测未来顾客对可持续性物品的需求会很大,因此未来的企业发展需要关注的是为顾客提供可持续的(即可重复使用的)物品以满足市场需要。故选D。
7.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“she’s hopeful, as zero-waste shops have exploded abroad in Britain, Canada, and particularly in Australia, where the non-profit Plastic Free Foundation launched the Plastic Free July campaign, which has become a global phenomenon”可知,Levy对零垃圾商店的前景很乐观,因为它们现在已经出现在英国、加拿大及澳大利亚,且澳大利亚的Plastic Free July运动在全球流行。由此可推知,Levy认为零垃圾商店会在全世界范围内得到认可。故选C。
8.A 推理判断题。纵观全文可知,本文主要介绍的是零垃圾生活方式能为企业提供新的商机,而文中提到的Cleenland、Boston General Store、Make & Mend、ThreeMain和Loop都是作者用来证明这一观点所举的具体事例。由此可知,作者是通过举例子的方式来支撑其观点的。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.pick up 拿起 2.consumption n.消费,消耗,食用 3.become expert at 在……方面变得擅长 4.decoration n.装饰品 5.track v.跟踪(进展情况);追踪 6.deliver v.运送;交付 7.explode v.激增;爆炸
【差距词汇】 1.sniff v.闻,嗅 2.entrepreneur n.企业家;创业者 3.aluminum n.铝
长难句 原句 And she’s hopeful, as zero-waste shops have exploded abroad in Britain, Canada, and particularly in Australia, where the non-profit Plastic Free Foundation launched the Plastic Free July campaign, which has become a global phenomenon.
分析 这是一个主从复合句。as引导原因状语从句;where引导非限制性定语从句,从句修饰先行词Australia;which引导非限制性定语从句,指代前文提及的the Plastic Free July campaign。
译文 她满怀希望,因为零垃圾商店在英国、加拿大遍地开花,尤其是在澳大利亚,在那里非营利组织“无塑料基金会”发起了“无塑料七月”活动,这已经成为一种全球现象。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。1996年后出生的Z世代如果想在未来与机器人竞争工作,就必须把重点放在人际关系上。因此,对于Z世代来说,拥有“软”技能非常重要。文章主要说明了Z世代需要掌握的一些“软”技能。
1.E 细节句。上文提到1996年后出生的Z世代如果想与机器人竞争未来的工作,就必须把重点放在人际关系上,因此对于Z世代来说,拥有“软”技能非常重要。本句应承接上文说明“软”技能的作用,故E项“它们帮助员工与有技能的机器竞争。”符合语境。上文中的“compete with robots”可对应到E项中的“compete with machines”。
2.D 过渡句。设空处与前后文构成的语境为:一些雇主担心,Z世代无法比与他们竞争的机器人做得更好→ 2 →Z世代应该具有良好的沟通技能。由此可知设空处承上启下,D项“什么会让Z世代员工脱颖而出 ”符合语境。
3.B 主旨句。设空处为本段小标题,结合第二、四段小标题可知此处应选祈使句作为本段的主旨句。本段主要说的是Z世代要适应这个快速变化的世界,就必须提高自己的技能。故B项“做一个持续的学习者”符合语境。
4.G 细节句。后文提到他们正考虑为此换工作,说明Z世代有不好的工作经历,故G项“近一半的Z世代称他们在过去一年里经历了职业倦怠。”符合语境。空后句中的it指代G项中的“job burnout”。
5.F 细节句。上一句提到,更重要的是,为了比机器人更有优势,Z世代应该尽可能多地掌握“软”技能。本句承接上文,说明掌握“软”技能对Z世代未来发展的重要性。故F项“只有这样,Z世代才能获得更好的未来的工作的机会,取得成功。”符合语境。
【高频词汇】 1.adapt to适应 2.at one’s best处在最佳状态 3.meaningful adj.有意义的 4.make the most of充分利用 5.attractive adj.有吸引力的 6.have an advantage over 胜过,优于 7.be supposed to应该 8.acquire v.获得,得到
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