2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册同步练习--Unit 5 Part 2 Using language（答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册同步
Part 2　Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.If we disrupt (扰乱) the food chain, many animals and those preying 　　　　　 them will starve.
2.Kiwi fruit (奇异果) are a very good fruit—they are rich in 　　　　　 (nutrient) and low in calories.
3.Qinghai Lake has seen its largest water area since 2004 as a result of influential rainfall and suitable 　　　　　 (conserve).
4.In a new study 　　　　　 (release) last week,specialists analyzed statistics from two large-scale surveys about how Americans spend their time.
Ⅱ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
1.You owe 　　　　　 to yourself to get over the anger and bitterness and find peace in life.
2.You must depend on 　　　　　 that we can contact your relatives in case anything occurs.
3.Technology makes 　　　　　 possible that millions of people have been able to appreciate a digital version of the world-famous painting.
4.These tunes make it easier 　　　　　 (remember) new words, especially when you hear them regularly.
5.Do you find it hard not 　　　　　 (check) your phone every couple of minutes
题型(二)
1.直立行走可以(让人们)很容易地找到食物或防御敌人。
Walking upright makes it easy 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 or guard against enemies.(2019江苏)
2.妈妈讨厌有人嘴里塞满食物说话。 (形式宾语)
Mother 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 with his mouth full of food.
3.I owe the great achievement I made to you. (句型转换:形式宾语)
→I 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 that I made the great achievement.
4.我们认为对青少年来说学习一门外语是重要的。(一句多译)
①We think 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 a foreign language. (形式主语)
②We think 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 a foreign language. (形式宾语)
题型(三)
用it作形式宾语改写下面这段话
I think to be invited to speak here is my honor. I don’t feel to understand Special English is difficult but some of my classmates feel to finish the work in such a short time is difficult. For example, Tom finds to write letters in English is difficult, but I think complaining is no good. We may turn to our teacher for help. She always thinks to help us is her duty. I find to work with her is pleasant.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023山东日照期中联考)
A couple carved out a life on a small rock island, among the seabirds. The Bass Rock is a small volcanic island just off the east coast of Scotland. Remarkable in the Scottish imagination for its landform and location in the Firth of Forth near Edinburgh, the island has had a thin and intermittent (断断续续的) human population across the centuries. Its most notable and sustained inhabitants are the northern gannets (塘鹅) that have lived on the island throughout recorded history. With a population of roughly 150,000 birds, their home is the largest in the world.
The English naturalist June Nelson is one of the few people who have lived on the Bass Rock. For three years in the early 1960s, she and her late husband, the ornithologist Bryan Nelson, who was researching gannets at the University of Oxford, made the island their temporary home. Living and working out of a small church, they devoted themselves to observing and recording the behaviors and ecology of the birds. The then-newly-married had little contact with the outside world, but led a happy life together.
In the short documentary Life on the Rocks, Nelson revisits her full and focused years on the Bass bining cinematic black-and-white shots of the island with music, the UK director George Pretty creates a vivid account of Nelson’s unforgettable time there, as well as her emotional return. Mining Nelson’s memories and old photographs, the film explores how the husband-and-wife team found happiness on this unique patch of Earth, and among its many birds. But, more than just a fondness for the past, Nelson communicates an urgency to protect the plummeting (暴跌) global seabird population, which has decreased by 70% in her lifetime, asking “What right do we have to deprive (剥夺) future generations of this wonderful place ”
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1.What do we know about the Bass Rock from Paragraph 1
A.It is owned by a couple.
B.It is heavily populated.
C.It is gannets’ largest habitat.
D.It is famous for its scenery.
2.Why did June Nelson live on the island
A.To research birds.
B.To make their home.
C.To live a happy life.
D.To stay away from the outside.
3.What does Life on the Rocks intend to tell us
A.Nelson’s research about the birds.
B.The couple’s fondness for the past.
C.Nelson’s description of the island.
D.Nelson’s concerns about the birds’ situation.
4.Which best describes the couple’s life on the island
A.Tough but worthwhile.
B.Dangerous but admirable.
C.Smooth and fruitful.
D.Inspiring and lucky.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2022重庆长寿中学月考)
Everglades National Park is the largest subtropical (亚热带的) wilderness in the USA. 　1　 It is also the third largest national park in the lower forty-eight states, after Death Valley and Yellowstone. Each year, more than one million people visit the Everglades.
　2　 The expansive wetlands stretch across more than six hundred thousand hectares. It is a place where plants and animals from the Caribbean Sea share an ecosystem with native North American species.
Unlike most other national parks,Everglades National Park was created to protect an ecosystem from damage. The Everglades is home to about fifteen species that federal officials say are threatened or endangered.　3　
In addition, more than three hundred and fifty bird species and three hundred species of freshwater and saltwater fish live within the park. The Everglades is also home to forty species of mammals and fifty reptile species.
　4　 They include what is said to be the largest growth of mangrove trees in the Western world. Gumbo-limbo trees, known for their peeling red skin, strangler figs and royal palms, are also among the area’s plant life. The country’s largest living mahogany tree also lives in the Everglades.
In recent years, environmental experts have learned about the damage to the Everglades. They say the balance of nature there has been destroyed. 　5　 However, efforts to protect the area are continuing so people from all over the world may continue visiting this biological treasure.
A.The future of the Everglades is not clear.
B.Visitors to the Everglades will see many exotic plants.
C.The park is home to several rare and endangered species.
D.Experts believe that the Everglades has a very bright future.
E.The park is very beautiful and attracts millions of tourists every year.
F.The Everglades is considered one of the great biological wonders of the world.
G.They include the Florida panther, the American crocodile and the West Indian manatee.
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2021北京平谷五中月考)
A parent’s hopes for 2030
When 2010 arrived, my son was only one year old—tiny,　1　, the master of a few basic words, but still mostly the baby we’d welcomed into the world.
Now my baby has grown into an 　2　—tall, strong, and smart, a lover of Akira Kurosawa’s samurai movies.
A 　3　 from now, in 2030, he will be an adult. I expect the next 10 years to fly by, and be filled with 　4　. As 2020 begins, I am thinking about the kind of world my son will face and experience. I 　5　 about him, and about all the young people of his age. So I have several hopes for the world my son and his generation will live in.
I hope we finally get 　6　 about climate change. Polar ice is melting. The ocean level is rising. The question is 　7　 whether we can stop climate change, but whether we’re willing and able to do anything to 　8　 it.
I’m not sure what a warming planet will 　9　 for my son’s life. I suspect it means he will live in a world where nations and groups 　10　 limited resources like clean water and food, which means that the danger of climate change won’t come just from the rising ocean level, but from other humans competing for control over what’s 　11　.
The world is always going to be full of 　12　 about how to solve the challenges we face. I hope, too, that my son’s generation learns to 　13　 justice with a big heart and humility, recognizing our common humanity (人性) even with people who 　14　 us.
The world of 2030 won’t 　15　 itself. We are creating it now, so my final wish is that we build the kind of world we actually want our children to live in.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1.A.special B.generous
C.intelligent D.dependent
2.A.athlete B.adolescent
C.artist D.engineer
3.A.month B.century
C.year D.decade
4.A.questions B.experience
C.danger D.changes
5.A.worry B.sacrifice
C.owe D.arrange
6.A.particular B.serious
C.optimistic D.enthusiastic
7.A.for sure B.as usual
C.no longer D.till now
8.A.slow B.record
C.complete D.multiply
9.A.mean B.obtain
C.share D.seek
10.A.pick up B.fight over
C.turn down D.take part
11.A.finished B.continued
C.started D.left
12.A.aims B.examples
C.disagreements D.results
13.A.escape B.express
C.seek D.affect
14.A.differ from B.agree with
C.refer to D.call for
15.A.explode B.admire
C.prove D.build
Part 2　Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.on/upon　考查介词。prey on/upon捕食。句意:如果我们扰乱食物链,许多动物和那些捕食它们的动物将会饿死。
2.nutrients　考查名词的数。此处表示“它们营养丰富”,nutrient是可数名词,空前没有冠词,只能用复数形式。
3.conservation　考查名词。句意:自2004年以来,由于降雨量的影响和适宜的保护,青海湖水域面积达到最大。suitable是形容词,其后应修饰名词。
4.released　考查非谓语动词。该句中已有谓语analyzed,故此处应用非谓语动词。此处表示“在上周发布的一项新研究中”,“　　　(release) last week”是study的后置定语,且study和release之间为被动关系,所以应用过去分词形式。
Ⅱ.题型(一)
1.it　考查形式宾语。句意:你应该为自己克服愤怒和痛苦,找到生活的平静。“owe it to sb. to do sth.”是固定结构,意为“应该为某人做某事”,其中it是形式宾语,to do sth.是真正的宾语。
2.it　考查形式宾语。句意:你必须相信,万一有任何事情发生,我们都可以联系到你的亲戚。此处为“depend on+it+that...”句式,it作形式宾语。
3.it　考查形式宾语。句意:科技使得数百万人能够欣赏到这幅世界名画的数字版成为可能。“makes 　　　　 possible”是“make+it(形式宾语)+adj.(宾补)”结构,句中that引导的从句是真正的宾语。故填it。
4.to remember　考查动词不定式。句意:这些曲调让你更容易记住新单词,尤其是当你经常听它们的时候。句中用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语应为不定式短语to remember new words。故填to remember。
5.to check　考查动词不定式。句意:你有没有发现每隔几分钟不检查一下手机很难 本句中it是形式宾语,应用动词不定式形式作真正的宾语。故填to check。
题型(二)
1.to find food　2.hates it when someone talks　3.owe it to you　4.①that it is important for teenagers to learn
②it important for teenagers to learn
题型(三)
　　I think it my honor to be invited to speak here. I don’t feel it difficult to understand Special English but some of my classmates feel it difficult to finish the work in such a short time. For example, Tom finds it difficult to write letters in English, but I think it no good complaining. We may turn to our teacher for help. She always thinks it her duty to help us. I find it pleasant to work with her.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了英国博物学家纳尔逊夫妇20世纪60年代在巴斯岩岛致力于研究鸟类的行为和生态的事迹。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“Its most notable...in the world.”可知, 巴斯岩岛是最大的塘鹅栖息地。故选C。
2.A　细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Living and working out of a small church, they devoted...the birds.”可知, 琼·纳尔逊住在岛上是为了研究鸟类。故选A。
3.D　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句中的“But, more than just a fondness for the past, Nelson communicates an urgency to protect...seabird population, which has decreased by 70% in her lifetime”可知,在这部纪录片中她传达了保护数量急剧下降的全球海鸟的紧迫性,在她的一生中,海鸟数量已经减少了70%。由此可见,她对这些鸟的处境感到担忧。故选D。
易错归因　本题易根据第三段中的“a fondness for the past”而错选B项。B项虽在文中提到了,但文中“a fondness for the past”之前有more than,意思就是有比这更重要的东西,“more than just a fondness for the past”说明后边才是该纪录片强调的内容,故排除B项。
4.A　推理判断题。根据文章第一段前三句“A couple carved out a life...across the centuries.”尤其是第一句中的carved out和第三句中的“the island has had a thin and intermittent human population across the centuries”可知,这座小岛上的环境很艰苦,几个世纪以来岛上一直人烟稀少,这对夫妇在岛上艰难地开辟了自己的生活。由此可知这对夫妇在岛上的生活很艰难。根据第二段最后两句“Living and working out of a small church, they devoted themselves to...led a happy life together.”可知,这对科学家夫妇只能在一个小教堂外居住、工作,几乎不与外界接触,但他们致力于观察和记录鸟类的行为和生态,过着幸福的生活。由此可知他们虽然生活艰苦,但工作很有意义且生活幸福,所以很值得。故选A。
【高频词汇】　1.remarkable adj.非凡的;值得注意的　2.temporary adj.暂时的;临时的　3.lead a...life过……的生活　4.documentary n.纪录片　5.vivid adj.生动的;鲜艳的　6.unique adj.独特的;独一无二的
【差距词汇】　1.carve out 开辟;开创　2.notable adj.显著的　3.sustained adj.持久的　4.cinematic adj.电影的
5.shot n.镜头　6.patch n.小片
长难句　原句　But, more than just a fondness for the past, Nelson communicates an urgency to protect the plummeting global seabird population, which has decreased by 70% in her lifetime, asking “What right do we have to deprive future generations of this wonderful place ”
分析　本句是主从复合句。“to protect the plummeting global seabird population”是不定式短语作后置定语,修饰urgency;“which has decreased by 70% in her lifetime”是which引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰population;“asking ‘What right do we have...this wonderful place ’”是现在分词短语作伴随状语。
译文　但是,不仅仅是对过去的喜爱,纳尔逊传达了保护数量急剧下降的全球海鸟的紧迫性,在她的一生中,海鸟数量已经减少了70%,她问道: “我们有什么权利剥夺后代享受这个美好的地方(的权利) ”
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国大沼泽地国家公园的现状。虽然该公园的生态平衡遭到破坏,但保护措施也正在持续实施。
1.C　细节句。第一段介绍了大沼泽地国家公园的特点。根据空后的“It is also the third largest national park in the lower forty-eight states, after Death Valley and Yellowstone.”可知此处在介绍大沼泽地国家公园,结合该句中的also可推断出空处也是在介绍这个公园,C项(这个公园是几种稀有和濒危物种的家园)属于对该公园的介绍,符合语境。故选C。
易错归因　虽然E项和F项也是在介绍大沼泽地国家公园的情况,但是第一段最后一句和E项意义相近,语意重复,由此可排除E项,而在看了第二段(介绍生物的多样性)之后可知F项是第二段的主题句,由此可排除F项。
2.F　主旨句。空处位于句首,为该段主旨句。根据下文可知大沼泽地国家公园面积广阔,在这里,来自加勒比海的动植物与北美洲本土物种共享一个生态系统。F项(大沼泽地国家公园被认为是世界上伟大的生物奇迹之一)符合语境,与本段介绍的生物多样性一致。故选F。
3.G　细节句。根据上文“The Everglades is home to about fifteen species that federal officials say are threatened or endangered.”可知,G项(它们包括佛罗里达美洲狮、美洲鳄和西印度海牛)符合语境,承接上文,是对上文濒危物种的举例。故选G。
4.B　主旨句。空处位于句首,为该段主旨句。根据本段中的“the largest growth of mangrove trees”“Gumbo-limbo trees”“strangler figs and royal palms”等内容可知,本段介绍大沼泽地国家公园的奇异植物。B项(到大沼泽地国家公园的游客会看到许多奇异的植物)符合本段主旨。故选B。
5.A　过渡句。根据上文“They say the balance of nature there has been destroyed.”以及下文“However, efforts to protect the area are continuing so people from all over the world may continue visiting this biological treasure.”可知,A项(大沼泽地国家公园的未来还不清楚)符合语境,承接上文对大沼泽地国家公园现状的介绍,说明其未来的未知性,且与下文构成转折关系,说明虽然其遭到破坏,但人们正在采取保护措施。故选A。
【高频词汇】　1.in addition 另外　2.environmental adj.环境的
【差距词汇】　1.expansive adj.广阔的;全面的
2.reptile n.爬行动物
长难句　原句　It is a place where plants and animals from the Caribbean Sea share an ecosystem with native North American species.
分析　本句是一个主从复合句。where引导定语从句,修饰先行词place;定语从句中“plants and animals from the Caribbean Sea”是主语,share是谓语。share...with...意为“与……共享……”。
译文　这是来自加勒比海的动植物与北美洲本土物种共享一个生态系统的地方。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　这是一篇议论文。文章论述了作者对10年后儿子所处的世界的环境问题的担忧和对未来的期望。
1.D　由上文可知,作者的儿子当时仅一岁,还很小,小孩子是需要依靠的。special特殊的;generous慷慨的;intelligent聪明的;dependent依靠的;依赖的。
2.B　根据下文“A 　3　 from now, in 2030, he will be an adult.”可知,在2030年,作者的儿子会成为一个成年人,联系上文2010年他刚刚一岁可知,他现在是一个青少年(adolescent)。athlete运动员;artist艺术家;engineer工程师。
3.D　根据下文“I expect the next 10 years to fly by”可知,作者期待着下一个十年过去,因此此处指“十年(decade)”。
4.D　十年将会飞逝而过,作者希望这其中是充满变化的,D项(变化)符合语境。question问题;experience经验;danger危险。
5.A　根据下文作者对这个世界现存的问题提出的期望可知,这里指作者担心(worry)自己的儿子及所有他这个年龄的年轻人。sacrifice牺牲;owe归因于;arrange安排。
6.B　根据下文的“Polar ice is melting. The ocean level is rising.”可知环境问题很严重,由此推测此处是说作者希望人们以后能认真对待气候变化。be/get serious about为固定搭配,意为“认真对待……”,符合语境。particular特别的;optimistic乐观的;enthusiastic热情的。
7.C　but前后的内容为转折关系,下文是肯定语气,那么上文应该是否定语气。句意:问题不再是我们是否能够阻止气候变化,而是我们是否愿意并且能够做些什么来减缓它。for sure无疑;as usual像往常一样;no longer不再;till now到现在为止。
8.A　联系上文可知,空后的it指代climate change,结合语境可知,此处指减缓(slow)气候变化。record记录;complete完成;multiply成倍增加。
9.A　根据下文“I suspect it means...”可知,作者不确定全球变暖对于儿子的生活意味着(mean)什么。mean属于词汇复现。obtain获得;share分享;seek寻找。
10.B　根据下文中的“other humans competing for control over...”可知人们争夺对……的控制,结合语境推测此处指的是类似的情况,由下文中的“competing for”可知fight over (为……争斗)符合语境。pick up捡起;turn down关小;take part参与。
11.D　根据上文中的“limited resources”可知,此处指人们争夺剩下的东西。what’s left表示“剩下的东西”,leave意为“留下备用”,符合语境。
12.C　根据下文中的“learns to 　13　 justice with a big heart and humility, recognizing our common humanity (人性)even with people who 　14　 us”可推测此处指人们的意见不一致,作者希望孩子们学会在意见不统一时寻求公正。由此可知此处指的是世界将充满争论(disagreements)。
13.C　由语境及上题解析可知,此处指“寻求(seek)”公正。escape逃脱;express表达;affect影响。
14.A　本句中的even意为“即使”,表转折,前面为common,则后面应该为不同,differ from(与……意见不同)符合语境。agree with同意;refer to提及;call for需要。
15.D　根据下文中的“build the kind of world”可知此处应为build(建造)。explode激增;admire赞赏;prove证明。
【高频词汇】　1.basic adj.基本的;基础的　2.suspect v.猜想;觉得　3.resource n.\[usually pl.\] 资源　4.compete vi.竞争　5.challenge n.挑战v.质疑;向……挑战
6.recognize v.意识到;承认　7.common adj.共同的;常见的
【差距词汇】　humility n.谦虚
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