2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册同步练习--Unit 5 Part 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas（答案与解析）
文档属性
| 名称 | 2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册同步练习--Unit 5 Part 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas（答案与解析） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.0MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-11-13 14:57:30 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册同步
Part 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
When you look at their new system, ours seems very old-fashioned
by (比较).
2.The speaker’s speech was so funny that the audience (爆发) with laughter.
Ⅱ.一词多义
1.We made our departure in the early morning. 词性: 词义:
2.Now she’s written a novel which is not a mystery but a considerable departure from her previous work.词性: 词义:
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1. (apparent), he is weak, but he has hidden strength.
2.I give my warmest (greet) and best wishes to my old and new friends.
3.We should avoid playing on the road to secure us danger.
4.It goes back at least to the 1980s, but it was (rare) used until this year.
5.China recently issued an action plan for saving food to ensure its supplies and (secure).
6.Our way of life has changed (dramatic) over the last ten years.
7.Effective measures include protecting (danger) animal species and building energy-efficient buildings.
8.My own problems seem insignificant (compare) with other people’s.
9.The Internet has made possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.我谨代表我们学校,对你们的到来表示诚挚的欢迎。
, I would like to convey my sincere welcome to your visiting.(2021浙江1月,写作)
2.In 1896, the modern Olympic Games were first held in Athens. (句式升级:强调句型)
→ the modern Olympic Games were first held in Athens.
3.他每天回家很晚,这使他的妻子很生气。 (一句多译)
①He comes home late every day, .(非限制性定语从句)
②He comes home late every day, .(现在分词短语作状语)
4.她一坐下来就听见有人敲门。(一句多译:hardly)
①She when she heard someone knocking at the door.
②Hardly when she heard someone knocking at the door.
5.我们都认为我们的成功应该归功于您。(一句多译:owe)
①We all think we should .
②We all think it’s
you .(2020浙江,写作)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
In 2016, Shennongjia was made onto the UNESCO World Heritage List. It was awarded the status because it meets two 1 (criterion) required by the list. It is one of the most “complete” natural areas in 2 world and has incredible biodiversity.
Shennongjia 3 (range) from about 400 metres to over 3,000 metres above sea level, which gives a great variation in climate, 4 (allow) varieties of species to live. Some of them, 5 (regard) as living fossils, have survived millions of years.
Until now, over 3,000 plant species 6 (find) in Shennongjia, which represents over ten per cent of China’s total floral richness. More than 600 vertebrate species and around 4,300 insect species are living there. Scientists can observe the 7 (ecology) and biological process in real time.
Scientists make great efforts 8 (look) after the various species. The local people are the most impressive for taking things from nature without damage and they live 9 harmony with nature. All are the reasons 10 Shennongjia deserves its place on the UNESCO World Heritage List.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
(2022黑龙江哈尔滨六中月考)
Climate change is changing the migration(迁徙) routes of animals worldwide. Take the mule deer(黑尾鹿) for example. Every spring in Wyoming, green-up first appears at lower altitudes before progressing up the mountainside. Migrating mule deer follow and seek food on this green wave. But as changing climate leads to more frequent and more severe droughts, the greenery is not as abundant as it used to be.
Ellen Aikens, a researcher from the University of Wyoming, tracked mule deer as they surfed the green wave. In comparison with wet years, the green-up lasted across the landscape for about half as long in drought years. Although the deer were able to keep up with the faster green wave, the nutritional value was lower, leaving the animals less prepared for the challenges of the year ahead.
Meanwhile in Europe, the population of Bewick’s swans(比尤伊克天鹅) that spend the winter in the Netherlands is decreasing. But when researchers looked at the data more closely, they found an increase in the wintering population of swans in Germany. It turns out that since the 1970s, the swans’ wintering habitat has shifted an average of 13 kilometers to the east each year.
“The swans like to spend time where it’s 5℃. And the temperature line has shifted in the same rate as the swans shifted eastward,” said Rascha Nuijten, an ecologist at the Netherlands Institute of Ecology.
These findings are important to our understanding of the conservation of migrant animals. When it comes to protecting a certain species, it’s not just about the current situation. Nature is dynamic(动态的). And the species that is present now might not be present in 10 years, not because we don’t protect it but because maybe it is dynamic in its way. We need to include the dynamics of nature in our legislation(法规) and management.
1.What’s the challenge the mule deer face
A.Wet years. B.Low altitudes. C.Fast green waves. D.Lack of quality food.
2.What do we know about Bewick’s swans from Paragraph 3
A.They are endangered.
B.They used to spend winter in Germany.
C.They move their wintering habitat eastward.
D.Germany has more of them than the Netherlands.
3.What does Rascha Nuijten intend to tell us
A.It’s warmer in the east. B.The 5℃-line shifts at a fast rate.
C.The swans move with the temperature line. D.Climate change affects the swans’ feeding habits.
4.What is the purpose of the passage
A.To introduce two research findings.
B.To call on people to protect animals in a dynamic way.
C.To discuss methods of fighting climate change.
D.To explain why animals change their migration routes.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2023辽宁葫芦岛四校期中联考)
Water shortage is one of the 1 (great) crises we are facing today, with two thirds of the global population living in areas 2 water is rare for a month or more every year. There are two contributing factors to this problem: the increasing global demand 3 water, and unsustainable means by which these demands are being met. Yet, despite global water usage already exploding threefold (三倍地) over the last fifty years, it 4 (predict) that there will be a further 60%-100% increase in water usage by 2050.
This is not just 5 matter of turning the tap off when you brush your teeth, 6 (decrease) your showers to 3 minutes, or sharing the washing load with your flatmates. In fact, daily activities of humans make up less than 4% of our total water consumption, with the 7 (remain) 96% falling into two “invisible” categories: the industrial production of household items and the production of food. Astonishingly, 69% of our total daily water consumption comes from the 8 (grow) and production of food alone.
9 (unfortunate), there is no single go-to reference book for the exact number of litres used in the production of any individual food item. This is a hard pill to swallow, for we have other factors 10 (consider) when weighing up the benefits of every food choice: taste, cost and convenience.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅳ.读后续写
(2023江苏南京期中)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Alex rode his bike on his way home, and Johnson’s pond came into view.
Sometimes his dad took him canoeing (划独木舟) there, and Alex loved it. The pond was always so alive with activity, and sometimes Alex discovered turtles (乌龟) sunbathing on sunny rocks. Alex was curious about turtles. When it was too rainy to go canoeing, he often went to the library to check out books on turtles.
Now it looked like tomorrow might be another sunny day. He decided to ask Dad if they could go canoeing and look for turtles again. Suddenly Alex saw something in the road up ahead. It looked like a big gray rock. But it was a funny place for a rock to be. He jumped off to have a look.
And then, the rock started to move! It was actually a large turtle slowly making its way across the road! Alex knew right away it was a snapping turtle.
Out of the corner of his eye, he saw a car approaching. The turtle was still only halfway across the road. Alex knew he couldn’t pick it up because snapping turtles have a powerful bite and they could even bite off someone’s finger! What could he do
Thinking fast, he started waving both hands wildly. “Stop! Stop!” he cried. The car slowed to a stop.
“Are you all right, Alex ” It was his neighbor, Mrs. Ramos.
“I’m fine, Mrs. Ramos,” said Alex. “I’m just trying to save a turtle. It’s probably going to lay eggs.”
“Oh, yeah. It’s spring,” said Mrs. Ramos. “So, I guess a lot of turtles need to lay their eggs in the grass across the road.” Then she waved goodbye and drove off.
Alex thought about what Mrs. Ramos had said. “There would probably be more turtles trying to cross the road at this spot!” he realized. But he couldn’t stand there all day trying to stop cars. He looked around and a road sign caught his eye. And then his face brightened.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
He jumped on his bike and raced home to find Dad.
Paragraph 2:
The next morning, Dad and Alex drove to the pond with the wooden sign in the car.
Part 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.comparison 2.exploded
Ⅱ.1.名词;离开,出发 句意:我们一大早就出发了。
2.名词;分歧,不同 句意:现在她写了一部非悬疑小说,与她以前的作品大相径庭。
Ⅲ.1.Apparently 考查副词。设空处位于句首,有逗号与后面的内容隔开,且提示词为形容词,故推测此处用副词作状语,故填Apparently。
类比启发 常见的位于句首,用逗号隔开,修饰整个句子的副词还有fortunately、unfortunately、luckily、surprisingly、amazingly等。
2.greetings 考查名词。warmest是形容词,其后应用名词。greeting表示“祝词”时常用复数形式,再结合后面的best wishes可知,此处应填greetings。
3.against 考查介词。句意:我们应该避免在马路上玩,以保护我们免受危险。secure sb. against...意为“保护某人免受……”。
4.rarely 考查副词。此处修饰was used,故应用副词。
5.security 考查名词。supplies与设空处是and连接的两个名词,共同作ensure的宾语。句意:中国最近发布了一项节约食物的行动计划,以确保食品供应和安全。由句意可知此处表示“安全”,应用名词security。security意为“安全”时是不可数名词。
6.dramatically 考查副词。空处修饰has changed,应用副词。故填dramatically。
7.endangered 考查形容词。animal species是名词词组,应用形容词修饰。句意:有效的措施包括保护濒危动物物种和建造节能建筑。此处表示“濒危的”动物物种,故填endangered。
8.compared 考查过去分词。该句中已有谓语seem,此处应用非谓语动词。compare和My own problems之间为被动关系,故用过去分词形式。compared with与……相比。句意:与别人的问题相比,我自己的问题似乎微不足道。
9.it 考查形式宾语。句意:互联网使朋友和家人即使天各一方也能轻松保持联系。“made possible”是“make+it(形式宾语)+adj.(宾补)”结构。故填it。
Ⅳ.1.On behalf of our school
2.It was in 1896 that
3.①which makes his wife very angry ②making his wife very angry
4.①had hardly sat ②had she sat
5.①owe our success to you ②that we should owe our success to
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.criteria 考查名词的数。空前的two表明,此处应用名词复数。注意该词复数的特殊形式。
2.the 考查冠词。in the world是固定短语,意为“在世界上”,此处表特指。
3.ranges 考查时态和主谓一致。该句中which引导非限制性定语从句,第一个逗号前面为主句的内容,主句缺少谓语。“神农架海拔约400米至3,000米以上”是客观事实,应用一般现在时。主语Shennongjia是第三人称单数,故填ranges。
4.allowing 考查现在分词。从句中已有谓语gives,此处应用非谓语动词。allow与其逻辑主语是主动关系,故用现在分词作结果状语。
5.regarded 考查过去分词。该句已有谓语have survived,故此处应用非谓语动词。regard与其逻辑主语Some of them是被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。
6.have been found 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。until now是现在完成时的标志性时间状语,应用现在完成时;find与主语over 3,000 plant species是被动关系,应用被动语态;species单复数同形,但3,000表明谓语应用复数。故填have been found。
类比启发 与现在完成时连用的意为“直到现在”的常用短语还有so far、up to now、till now等。
7.ecological 考查形容词。设空处由and连接,和形容词biological并列,一起作定语修饰名词process,故用形容词形式。
8.to look 考查动词不定式。make efforts to do sth.是固定结构,意为“努力做某事”。
9.in 考查介词。in harmony with是固定短语,意为“与……和谐相处”。
10.why 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,空前是名词reasons,此处表示“神农架入选联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录的原因”,设空处作原因状语,故此处应是why引导的定语从句。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章通过黑尾鹿和比尤伊克天鹅的例子告诉我们,自然是动态的,呼吁我们以动态的方式保护动物。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In comparison with wet years...the challenges of the year ahead.”可知,绿色植物生长持续的时间减少,且其营养价值较低,将导致黑尾鹿储备的能量不足以应对未来一年的挑战。因此,黑尾鹿面临的挑战是缺乏优质的食物。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“It turns out...the east each year.”可知,自20世纪70年代以来,比尤伊克天鹅的越冬栖息地每年平均向东移动13公里。故选C。
3.C 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“And the temperature line has shifted in the same rate as the swans shifted eastward”可知,温度线的移动速度与比尤伊克天鹅向东移动的速度相同。由此可推出,比尤伊克天鹅随着温度线移动。
4.B 推理判断题。文章通过黑尾鹿和比尤伊克天鹅的例子告诉我们,自然是动态的。根据最后一段的关键句“We need to include...management.(我们需要将自然的动态纳入我们的法规和管理中。)”可知,这篇文章的目的是呼吁我们以动态的方式来保护动物。
【高频词汇】 1.progress v.前进;进步;进展n.进步;进展;前进 2.lead to导致,引起;通向 3.data n.数据;资料 4.turn out 证明是;结果是 5.shift v.转移;变动n.轮班;转变 6.average n.平均数;平均水平adj.平均的;一般的
长难句 原句 And the species that is present now might not be present in 10 years, not because we don’t protect it but because maybe it is dynamic in its way.
分析 本句是主从复合句。“that is present now”是that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词the species;“not because we don’t protect it but because maybe it is dynamic in its way”是not...but...结构连接的两个并列的原因状语从句。
译文 现在存在的物种可能10年后就不存在了,不是因为我们不保护它,而是因为它可能在用自己的方式发展变化着。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了水资源短缺是我们今天面临的最大危机之一及造成水资源短缺的两个因素,并指出并不是日常生活中节约用水就能解决问题,我们每天总用水量的96%来自家居用品的生产和食品的生产。
1.greatest 考查形容词最高级。句意:水资源短缺是我们今天面临的最大危机之一,全球三分之二的人口生活在每年缺水一个月或更长时间的地区。根据该空前的one of the可知,此处应该用形容词最高级,构成“one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词”结构,表示“最……的……之一”。故填greatest。
2.where 考查定语从句。空前为表示地点的名词areas,空后内容为主系表结构,句子主干完整,与空前的areas可构成“water is rare for a month or more every year in the areas”,由此推断空处引导定语从句,在从句中作地点状语,先行词为areas,所以此处应用关系副词where引导定语从句。
3.for 考查介词。句意:造成这一问题的因素有两个:全球不断增加的对水的需求以及为了满足这些需求而采取的不可持续的手段。the demand for意为“对……的需求”,为固定搭配。故填for。
4.is predicted 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:然而,尽管全球用水量在过去五十年中已经突增了三倍,但据预测,到2050年,全球用水量将进一步增长60%到100%。分析句子结构可知,设空处作谓语,it是形式主语,that引导的从句是真正的主语,和动词predict之间是被动关系,句子描述一个事实,应用一般现在时。主语是it,故填is predicted。
5.a 考查不定冠词。句意:这不仅仅是刷牙时关上水龙头,把洗澡时间缩短到3分钟,或者和你的室友一起洗衣服的问题。a matter of...是固定短语,意为“一个……的问题”。故填a。
6.decreasing 考查动名词。设空处与turning和sharing并列,都在短语a matter of后作介词of的宾语,都应用动名词形式。故填decreasing。
7.remaining 考查形容词。句意:事实上,人类的日常活动只占我们总用水量的不到4%,剩下的96%属于两个“看不见的”类别:家居用品的工业生产和食品的生产。设空处修饰96%,96%后省略了of our total water consumption,且由语境可知设空处表示“剩下的”,应用形容词remaining。
8.growth 考查名词。句意:令人惊讶的是,我们每天总用水量的69%仅来自食物的生长和生产。根据该空前的冠词the可知,此处要用名词,与名词production并列。故填growth。
9.Unfortunately 考查副词。句意:不幸的是,对于生产任何一种食品所使用的(水的)确切升数,没有一本现成的参考书(可供参考)。此处应用副词作状语,修饰整个句子,首字母应大写。故填Unfortunately。
10.to consider 考查动词不定式。句意:这是一颗难以下咽的药丸,因为在权衡每种食物选择的好处时,我们还有其他因素要考虑:味道、价钱和便利性。分析句子结构可知,此处应用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to consider。
【高频词汇】 1.shortage n.不足;缺少,短缺 2.crisis n.危机 3.a contributing factor起作用的因素 contribute v.是……的原因之一 4.make up 构成;弥补;和解;编造;化妆 5.consumption n.消耗;消费 6.single adj.单个的;单身的;单人的;甚至一个 7.reference book参考书 8.individual adj.单独的;个别的;独特的 9.weigh up衡量;权衡 10.convenience n.方便;便利性
【差距词汇】 1.unsustainable adj.不能持续的;无法维持的 2.go-to adj.寻求协助的,征询意见的 3.litre n.升
Ⅳ.
写作指导
情节线 情感线
故事要素 时间 有一天 Alex骑自行车回家:开心 看到有一只乌龟在路上慢慢 移动,但他不能把它安全地 转移:焦虑 一辆汽车驶来,乌龟还在 半路上,他挥手让司机 停车并解释原因:耐心 想到可能会有更多的乌龟 在这个地方过马路,路标引起 他的注意:得到灵感 完成工作后Alex的感受如何 (开心且自豪)
地点 Alex回家的路上,Johnson家的池塘
人物 Alex,一只大乌龟,Alex的爸爸,Ramos太太
起因 Alex想要保护这只乌龟
情节 开端 Alex骑车回家,路上看到了Johnson家的池塘。有时候Alex能在池塘里看到乌龟,Alex对乌龟很感兴趣。
发展 Alex看到路中间有东西,他跳下车,发现那是一只正穿越马路的大乌龟。
高潮 乌龟走到了路中央,这时一辆车驶了过来。为了保护乌龟,Alex挥手叫停了这辆车。经过司机的提醒,Alex意识到会有很多乌龟在这个区域过马路。他想到了帮助这些乌龟过马路的主意。
续写方向 Para. 1 He jumped on his bike and raced home to find Dad. ①Alex找到爸爸后说了什么 ②他爸爸有什么反应 ③他们做了什么 (衔接第二段)
Para. 2 The next morning, Dad and Alex drove to the pond with the wooden sign in the car. ①Alex和他的爸爸到了池塘后做了什么 ②做完这项工作后Alex有什么感想
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
He jumped on his bike and raced home to find Dad. “Dad, can I have some old wood to make a wooden sign ” Alex asked eagerly. Hearing Alex’s full explanation, Dad then smiled knowingly. Then the father and son devoted themselves to cutting a wooden board into the right “T” shape. After that, Alex wrote down a line with red paint on both sides of the sign, reading “Slow! Turtles Crossing!” Work all done, they put the wooden sign into their car and went for dinner.
Paragraph 2:
The next morning, Dad and Alex drove to the pond with the wooden sign in the car. Upon arriving, they sprang into action. Alex pulled the sign to the side of the road and held it tightly while Dad hammered it into the ground. Sweat dripping into their eyes, they worked with passion until the sign got fixed firmly in the ground. Alex stepped back and surveyed their work. “Slow! Turtles Crossing!” he read out loud and grinned. “Ready to go canoeing ” “Yes!” Alex blurted, rushing to the pond with pride.
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册同步
Part 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
When you look at their new system, ours seems very old-fashioned
by (比较).
2.The speaker’s speech was so funny that the audience (爆发) with laughter.
Ⅱ.一词多义
1.We made our departure in the early morning. 词性: 词义:
2.Now she’s written a novel which is not a mystery but a considerable departure from her previous work.词性: 词义:
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1. (apparent), he is weak, but he has hidden strength.
2.I give my warmest (greet) and best wishes to my old and new friends.
3.We should avoid playing on the road to secure us danger.
4.It goes back at least to the 1980s, but it was (rare) used until this year.
5.China recently issued an action plan for saving food to ensure its supplies and (secure).
6.Our way of life has changed (dramatic) over the last ten years.
7.Effective measures include protecting (danger) animal species and building energy-efficient buildings.
8.My own problems seem insignificant (compare) with other people’s.
9.The Internet has made possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.我谨代表我们学校,对你们的到来表示诚挚的欢迎。
, I would like to convey my sincere welcome to your visiting.(2021浙江1月,写作)
2.In 1896, the modern Olympic Games were first held in Athens. (句式升级:强调句型)
→ the modern Olympic Games were first held in Athens.
3.他每天回家很晚,这使他的妻子很生气。 (一句多译)
①He comes home late every day, .(非限制性定语从句)
②He comes home late every day, .(现在分词短语作状语)
4.她一坐下来就听见有人敲门。(一句多译:hardly)
①She when she heard someone knocking at the door.
②Hardly when she heard someone knocking at the door.
5.我们都认为我们的成功应该归功于您。(一句多译:owe)
①We all think we should .
②We all think it’s
you .(2020浙江,写作)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
In 2016, Shennongjia was made onto the UNESCO World Heritage List. It was awarded the status because it meets two 1 (criterion) required by the list. It is one of the most “complete” natural areas in 2 world and has incredible biodiversity.
Shennongjia 3 (range) from about 400 metres to over 3,000 metres above sea level, which gives a great variation in climate, 4 (allow) varieties of species to live. Some of them, 5 (regard) as living fossils, have survived millions of years.
Until now, over 3,000 plant species 6 (find) in Shennongjia, which represents over ten per cent of China’s total floral richness. More than 600 vertebrate species and around 4,300 insect species are living there. Scientists can observe the 7 (ecology) and biological process in real time.
Scientists make great efforts 8 (look) after the various species. The local people are the most impressive for taking things from nature without damage and they live 9 harmony with nature. All are the reasons 10 Shennongjia deserves its place on the UNESCO World Heritage List.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
(2022黑龙江哈尔滨六中月考)
Climate change is changing the migration(迁徙) routes of animals worldwide. Take the mule deer(黑尾鹿) for example. Every spring in Wyoming, green-up first appears at lower altitudes before progressing up the mountainside. Migrating mule deer follow and seek food on this green wave. But as changing climate leads to more frequent and more severe droughts, the greenery is not as abundant as it used to be.
Ellen Aikens, a researcher from the University of Wyoming, tracked mule deer as they surfed the green wave. In comparison with wet years, the green-up lasted across the landscape for about half as long in drought years. Although the deer were able to keep up with the faster green wave, the nutritional value was lower, leaving the animals less prepared for the challenges of the year ahead.
Meanwhile in Europe, the population of Bewick’s swans(比尤伊克天鹅) that spend the winter in the Netherlands is decreasing. But when researchers looked at the data more closely, they found an increase in the wintering population of swans in Germany. It turns out that since the 1970s, the swans’ wintering habitat has shifted an average of 13 kilometers to the east each year.
“The swans like to spend time where it’s 5℃. And the temperature line has shifted in the same rate as the swans shifted eastward,” said Rascha Nuijten, an ecologist at the Netherlands Institute of Ecology.
These findings are important to our understanding of the conservation of migrant animals. When it comes to protecting a certain species, it’s not just about the current situation. Nature is dynamic(动态的). And the species that is present now might not be present in 10 years, not because we don’t protect it but because maybe it is dynamic in its way. We need to include the dynamics of nature in our legislation(法规) and management.
1.What’s the challenge the mule deer face
A.Wet years. B.Low altitudes. C.Fast green waves. D.Lack of quality food.
2.What do we know about Bewick’s swans from Paragraph 3
A.They are endangered.
B.They used to spend winter in Germany.
C.They move their wintering habitat eastward.
D.Germany has more of them than the Netherlands.
3.What does Rascha Nuijten intend to tell us
A.It’s warmer in the east. B.The 5℃-line shifts at a fast rate.
C.The swans move with the temperature line. D.Climate change affects the swans’ feeding habits.
4.What is the purpose of the passage
A.To introduce two research findings.
B.To call on people to protect animals in a dynamic way.
C.To discuss methods of fighting climate change.
D.To explain why animals change their migration routes.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2023辽宁葫芦岛四校期中联考)
Water shortage is one of the 1 (great) crises we are facing today, with two thirds of the global population living in areas 2 water is rare for a month or more every year. There are two contributing factors to this problem: the increasing global demand 3 water, and unsustainable means by which these demands are being met. Yet, despite global water usage already exploding threefold (三倍地) over the last fifty years, it 4 (predict) that there will be a further 60%-100% increase in water usage by 2050.
This is not just 5 matter of turning the tap off when you brush your teeth, 6 (decrease) your showers to 3 minutes, or sharing the washing load with your flatmates. In fact, daily activities of humans make up less than 4% of our total water consumption, with the 7 (remain) 96% falling into two “invisible” categories: the industrial production of household items and the production of food. Astonishingly, 69% of our total daily water consumption comes from the 8 (grow) and production of food alone.
9 (unfortunate), there is no single go-to reference book for the exact number of litres used in the production of any individual food item. This is a hard pill to swallow, for we have other factors 10 (consider) when weighing up the benefits of every food choice: taste, cost and convenience.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅳ.读后续写
(2023江苏南京期中)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Alex rode his bike on his way home, and Johnson’s pond came into view.
Sometimes his dad took him canoeing (划独木舟) there, and Alex loved it. The pond was always so alive with activity, and sometimes Alex discovered turtles (乌龟) sunbathing on sunny rocks. Alex was curious about turtles. When it was too rainy to go canoeing, he often went to the library to check out books on turtles.
Now it looked like tomorrow might be another sunny day. He decided to ask Dad if they could go canoeing and look for turtles again. Suddenly Alex saw something in the road up ahead. It looked like a big gray rock. But it was a funny place for a rock to be. He jumped off to have a look.
And then, the rock started to move! It was actually a large turtle slowly making its way across the road! Alex knew right away it was a snapping turtle.
Out of the corner of his eye, he saw a car approaching. The turtle was still only halfway across the road. Alex knew he couldn’t pick it up because snapping turtles have a powerful bite and they could even bite off someone’s finger! What could he do
Thinking fast, he started waving both hands wildly. “Stop! Stop!” he cried. The car slowed to a stop.
“Are you all right, Alex ” It was his neighbor, Mrs. Ramos.
“I’m fine, Mrs. Ramos,” said Alex. “I’m just trying to save a turtle. It’s probably going to lay eggs.”
“Oh, yeah. It’s spring,” said Mrs. Ramos. “So, I guess a lot of turtles need to lay their eggs in the grass across the road.” Then she waved goodbye and drove off.
Alex thought about what Mrs. Ramos had said. “There would probably be more turtles trying to cross the road at this spot!” he realized. But he couldn’t stand there all day trying to stop cars. He looked around and a road sign caught his eye. And then his face brightened.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
He jumped on his bike and raced home to find Dad.
Paragraph 2:
The next morning, Dad and Alex drove to the pond with the wooden sign in the car.
Part 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.comparison 2.exploded
Ⅱ.1.名词;离开,出发 句意:我们一大早就出发了。
2.名词;分歧,不同 句意:现在她写了一部非悬疑小说,与她以前的作品大相径庭。
Ⅲ.1.Apparently 考查副词。设空处位于句首,有逗号与后面的内容隔开,且提示词为形容词,故推测此处用副词作状语,故填Apparently。
类比启发 常见的位于句首,用逗号隔开,修饰整个句子的副词还有fortunately、unfortunately、luckily、surprisingly、amazingly等。
2.greetings 考查名词。warmest是形容词,其后应用名词。greeting表示“祝词”时常用复数形式,再结合后面的best wishes可知,此处应填greetings。
3.against 考查介词。句意:我们应该避免在马路上玩,以保护我们免受危险。secure sb. against...意为“保护某人免受……”。
4.rarely 考查副词。此处修饰was used,故应用副词。
5.security 考查名词。supplies与设空处是and连接的两个名词,共同作ensure的宾语。句意:中国最近发布了一项节约食物的行动计划,以确保食品供应和安全。由句意可知此处表示“安全”,应用名词security。security意为“安全”时是不可数名词。
6.dramatically 考查副词。空处修饰has changed,应用副词。故填dramatically。
7.endangered 考查形容词。animal species是名词词组,应用形容词修饰。句意:有效的措施包括保护濒危动物物种和建造节能建筑。此处表示“濒危的”动物物种,故填endangered。
8.compared 考查过去分词。该句中已有谓语seem,此处应用非谓语动词。compare和My own problems之间为被动关系,故用过去分词形式。compared with与……相比。句意:与别人的问题相比,我自己的问题似乎微不足道。
9.it 考查形式宾语。句意:互联网使朋友和家人即使天各一方也能轻松保持联系。“made possible”是“make+it(形式宾语)+adj.(宾补)”结构。故填it。
Ⅳ.1.On behalf of our school
2.It was in 1896 that
3.①which makes his wife very angry ②making his wife very angry
4.①had hardly sat ②had she sat
5.①owe our success to you ②that we should owe our success to
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.criteria 考查名词的数。空前的two表明,此处应用名词复数。注意该词复数的特殊形式。
2.the 考查冠词。in the world是固定短语,意为“在世界上”,此处表特指。
3.ranges 考查时态和主谓一致。该句中which引导非限制性定语从句,第一个逗号前面为主句的内容,主句缺少谓语。“神农架海拔约400米至3,000米以上”是客观事实,应用一般现在时。主语Shennongjia是第三人称单数,故填ranges。
4.allowing 考查现在分词。从句中已有谓语gives,此处应用非谓语动词。allow与其逻辑主语是主动关系,故用现在分词作结果状语。
5.regarded 考查过去分词。该句已有谓语have survived,故此处应用非谓语动词。regard与其逻辑主语Some of them是被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。
6.have been found 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。until now是现在完成时的标志性时间状语,应用现在完成时;find与主语over 3,000 plant species是被动关系,应用被动语态;species单复数同形,但3,000表明谓语应用复数。故填have been found。
类比启发 与现在完成时连用的意为“直到现在”的常用短语还有so far、up to now、till now等。
7.ecological 考查形容词。设空处由and连接,和形容词biological并列,一起作定语修饰名词process,故用形容词形式。
8.to look 考查动词不定式。make efforts to do sth.是固定结构,意为“努力做某事”。
9.in 考查介词。in harmony with是固定短语,意为“与……和谐相处”。
10.why 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,空前是名词reasons,此处表示“神农架入选联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录的原因”,设空处作原因状语,故此处应是why引导的定语从句。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章通过黑尾鹿和比尤伊克天鹅的例子告诉我们,自然是动态的,呼吁我们以动态的方式保护动物。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In comparison with wet years...the challenges of the year ahead.”可知,绿色植物生长持续的时间减少,且其营养价值较低,将导致黑尾鹿储备的能量不足以应对未来一年的挑战。因此,黑尾鹿面临的挑战是缺乏优质的食物。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“It turns out...the east each year.”可知,自20世纪70年代以来,比尤伊克天鹅的越冬栖息地每年平均向东移动13公里。故选C。
3.C 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“And the temperature line has shifted in the same rate as the swans shifted eastward”可知,温度线的移动速度与比尤伊克天鹅向东移动的速度相同。由此可推出,比尤伊克天鹅随着温度线移动。
4.B 推理判断题。文章通过黑尾鹿和比尤伊克天鹅的例子告诉我们,自然是动态的。根据最后一段的关键句“We need to include...management.(我们需要将自然的动态纳入我们的法规和管理中。)”可知,这篇文章的目的是呼吁我们以动态的方式来保护动物。
【高频词汇】 1.progress v.前进;进步;进展n.进步;进展;前进 2.lead to导致,引起;通向 3.data n.数据;资料 4.turn out 证明是;结果是 5.shift v.转移;变动n.轮班;转变 6.average n.平均数;平均水平adj.平均的;一般的
长难句 原句 And the species that is present now might not be present in 10 years, not because we don’t protect it but because maybe it is dynamic in its way.
分析 本句是主从复合句。“that is present now”是that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词the species;“not because we don’t protect it but because maybe it is dynamic in its way”是not...but...结构连接的两个并列的原因状语从句。
译文 现在存在的物种可能10年后就不存在了,不是因为我们不保护它,而是因为它可能在用自己的方式发展变化着。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了水资源短缺是我们今天面临的最大危机之一及造成水资源短缺的两个因素,并指出并不是日常生活中节约用水就能解决问题,我们每天总用水量的96%来自家居用品的生产和食品的生产。
1.greatest 考查形容词最高级。句意:水资源短缺是我们今天面临的最大危机之一,全球三分之二的人口生活在每年缺水一个月或更长时间的地区。根据该空前的one of the可知,此处应该用形容词最高级,构成“one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词”结构,表示“最……的……之一”。故填greatest。
2.where 考查定语从句。空前为表示地点的名词areas,空后内容为主系表结构,句子主干完整,与空前的areas可构成“water is rare for a month or more every year in the areas”,由此推断空处引导定语从句,在从句中作地点状语,先行词为areas,所以此处应用关系副词where引导定语从句。
3.for 考查介词。句意:造成这一问题的因素有两个:全球不断增加的对水的需求以及为了满足这些需求而采取的不可持续的手段。the demand for意为“对……的需求”,为固定搭配。故填for。
4.is predicted 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:然而,尽管全球用水量在过去五十年中已经突增了三倍,但据预测,到2050年,全球用水量将进一步增长60%到100%。分析句子结构可知,设空处作谓语,it是形式主语,that引导的从句是真正的主语,和动词predict之间是被动关系,句子描述一个事实,应用一般现在时。主语是it,故填is predicted。
5.a 考查不定冠词。句意:这不仅仅是刷牙时关上水龙头,把洗澡时间缩短到3分钟,或者和你的室友一起洗衣服的问题。a matter of...是固定短语,意为“一个……的问题”。故填a。
6.decreasing 考查动名词。设空处与turning和sharing并列,都在短语a matter of后作介词of的宾语,都应用动名词形式。故填decreasing。
7.remaining 考查形容词。句意:事实上,人类的日常活动只占我们总用水量的不到4%,剩下的96%属于两个“看不见的”类别:家居用品的工业生产和食品的生产。设空处修饰96%,96%后省略了of our total water consumption,且由语境可知设空处表示“剩下的”,应用形容词remaining。
8.growth 考查名词。句意:令人惊讶的是,我们每天总用水量的69%仅来自食物的生长和生产。根据该空前的冠词the可知,此处要用名词,与名词production并列。故填growth。
9.Unfortunately 考查副词。句意:不幸的是,对于生产任何一种食品所使用的(水的)确切升数,没有一本现成的参考书(可供参考)。此处应用副词作状语,修饰整个句子,首字母应大写。故填Unfortunately。
10.to consider 考查动词不定式。句意:这是一颗难以下咽的药丸,因为在权衡每种食物选择的好处时,我们还有其他因素要考虑:味道、价钱和便利性。分析句子结构可知,此处应用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to consider。
【高频词汇】 1.shortage n.不足;缺少,短缺 2.crisis n.危机 3.a contributing factor起作用的因素 contribute v.是……的原因之一 4.make up 构成;弥补;和解;编造;化妆 5.consumption n.消耗;消费 6.single adj.单个的;单身的;单人的;甚至一个 7.reference book参考书 8.individual adj.单独的;个别的;独特的 9.weigh up衡量;权衡 10.convenience n.方便;便利性
【差距词汇】 1.unsustainable adj.不能持续的;无法维持的 2.go-to adj.寻求协助的,征询意见的 3.litre n.升
Ⅳ.
写作指导
情节线 情感线
故事要素 时间 有一天 Alex骑自行车回家:开心 看到有一只乌龟在路上慢慢 移动,但他不能把它安全地 转移:焦虑 一辆汽车驶来,乌龟还在 半路上,他挥手让司机 停车并解释原因:耐心 想到可能会有更多的乌龟 在这个地方过马路,路标引起 他的注意:得到灵感 完成工作后Alex的感受如何 (开心且自豪)
地点 Alex回家的路上,Johnson家的池塘
人物 Alex,一只大乌龟,Alex的爸爸,Ramos太太
起因 Alex想要保护这只乌龟
情节 开端 Alex骑车回家,路上看到了Johnson家的池塘。有时候Alex能在池塘里看到乌龟,Alex对乌龟很感兴趣。
发展 Alex看到路中间有东西,他跳下车,发现那是一只正穿越马路的大乌龟。
高潮 乌龟走到了路中央,这时一辆车驶了过来。为了保护乌龟,Alex挥手叫停了这辆车。经过司机的提醒,Alex意识到会有很多乌龟在这个区域过马路。他想到了帮助这些乌龟过马路的主意。
续写方向 Para. 1 He jumped on his bike and raced home to find Dad. ①Alex找到爸爸后说了什么 ②他爸爸有什么反应 ③他们做了什么 (衔接第二段)
Para. 2 The next morning, Dad and Alex drove to the pond with the wooden sign in the car. ①Alex和他的爸爸到了池塘后做了什么 ②做完这项工作后Alex有什么感想
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
He jumped on his bike and raced home to find Dad. “Dad, can I have some old wood to make a wooden sign ” Alex asked eagerly. Hearing Alex’s full explanation, Dad then smiled knowingly. Then the father and son devoted themselves to cutting a wooden board into the right “T” shape. After that, Alex wrote down a line with red paint on both sides of the sign, reading “Slow! Turtles Crossing!” Work all done, they put the wooden sign into their car and went for dinner.
Paragraph 2:
The next morning, Dad and Alex drove to the pond with the wooden sign in the car. Upon arriving, they sprang into action. Alex pulled the sign to the side of the road and held it tightly while Dad hammered it into the ground. Sweat dripping into their eyes, they worked with passion until the sign got fixed firmly in the ground. Alex stepped back and surveyed their work. “Slow! Turtles Crossing!” he read out loud and grinned. “Ready to go canoeing ” “Yes!” Alex blurted, rushing to the pond with pride.
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)