2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步练习--Unit 1 Part 2 Using language（答案与解析）
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| 名称 | 2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步练习--Unit 1 Part 2 Using language（答案与解析） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-11-13 15:18:04 | ||
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步
Part 2 Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.George spent all his (积蓄) buying a car, making his wife very angry.
2.Students were asked to conduct a survey and write up their (研究的结果) in the form of a report.
3.Dogs are often regarded as humans’ (/ l l/) friends in almost every culture.
4.Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the (假设) you’ve made.
5.These organizations have fought very hard for the rights and w of immigrants.
Ⅱ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
1.It is reported the film is well received outside China.(2020江苏)
2.It remains to be seen this plan is practical enough to keep the project going on.
3. you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.
4.Sometimes, we show our gratitude to a person is reflected in the kind of food we serve him or her.
题型(二)
1.人们认为,那些将志愿者角色作为其个人身份的大部分的人也最有可能继续从事志愿者工作。(assume)
those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work.
2.他所做的就是向每一个经过的人招手。
was wave at everyone who passed by.
3.这部电影是否会上映尚未可知。(release)
It is still unknown .
4.恐龙为什么突然消失仍然是一个谜。
remains a mystery.
5.有人建议我们应该立刻采取措施。
measures at once.
题型(三)
用适当的连接词补全短文
Do you have the bad habit of skipping your breakfast Actually, 1 you have breakfast or not every day may make a difference to your health. It’s reported 2 skipping breakfast can raise your risk of getting heart disease by 87 percent.
Some researchers from the University of Iowa analysed 18 years of data on 6,550 people who had no history of heart disease. 3 we know from the survey is that 59 percent of the participants ate breakfast every day, but 5.1 percent never did, 10.9 percent rarely did, and 25 percent often skipped breakfast. 4 skipping breakfast is closely linked to heart disease has been shown by the data collected by the researchers. People who didn’t have breakfast in the morning were up to 87 percent more likely to develop heart disease. Actually, 5 breakfast is an important meal of the day is a common sense, so 6 there have been lots of people skipping breakfast over the past 50 years is a question worth thinking about.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2022天津和平区期末)
On August 3, 2020, a New Jersey schoolteacher named Julia Mooney put on a button down dress and wore it to work. She wore it the next day and the next. In fact, she continued to wear that same dress for 100 days in a row. Julia wanted to get people—her middle school students, in particular—thinking about fashion in a new way and how we live in what she describes as a “culture of excess”, closets overflowing with clothes far more than we need.
At first, Julia said nothing to her students about her experiment. There was no formal class discussion until several weeks later, at which point the students were responsive. Julia said that her students could really understand the idea that we need to judge each other based on what we do but not what we wear. “As they try to define themselves, the students are often identifying themselves with brands or outward things. Many seemed excited to have a reason to talk about how silly all of that really is,” she said.
A quest for greater simplicity is partly what inspired Julia in the first place. On her website, she wrote that “spending a long time thinking and worrying about what to wear in the morning will be a thing of the past”. It also solved the problem of limited closet space in an old house.
If there was a tear (裂口), Julia patched it with her sewing machine. She was careful with it so she wore an apron (围裙) to keep it clean—just like people did in years gone by. She washed the dress on weekends.
“The challenge I’m presenting is this: Let’s think before we buy it, wear it, throw it away and buy one again. Are we just perpetuating (使持续) a culture that defines us based on what we’re wearing rather than what we’re doing What if we spent our energy trying to be good interesting humans instead of trying to look good and interesting ” she said.
Julia herself is back to wearing pants to work, but the effect of the experiment lingers. She said, “I’m expressing my interest in the health of our planet and the people who occupy it, while channeling less of my energy into my wardrobe and more into loving my children, being patient with my students and embracing my day to day existence.”
1.Why did Julia Mooney wear the same dress continuously
A.She liked that dress most. B.She tried to save time and money.
C.She had to follow a fast fashion trend. D.She wanted to arouse people’s reflection.
2.Which word best describes the students’ attitude to the culture of judging people by their appearance
A.Opposed. B.Indifferent. C.Uncertain. D.Optimistic.
3.What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 4
A.The aim Julia wanted to achieve.
B.The influence Julia was trying to exert.
C.Efforts Julia made to keep the plan going well.
D.Difficulties Julia encountered in carrying out the plan.
4.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A.It is our responsibility to protect the earth’s environment.
B.Julia is putting more energy into worthwhile things.
C.Julia doesn’t care what she wears every day.
D.People should be grateful for their daily lives.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2023四川泸县一中月考)
How Can I Fight Laziness
Lazy people will never gain anything in life. However, laziness can be defeated once a few changes have been made in your mind.
1 Many people lack sleep constantly, since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work. These people have little motivation once they arrive home. Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency to put off things. By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful rest, you can fight laziness throughout the day.
Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active. Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from one task to another, whilst others take a more positive approach, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone. 2
Some people fight laziness by removing the temptations(诱惑) that surround them. A television in the living room may provide entertainment, but watching too much TV often contributes to laziness. 3 Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film.
Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home. Couples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately. 4 Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the home may eventually follow your example and perform their own task. It is difficult to practice laziness when you are surrounded by motivated(有积极性的) people.
5 Enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle, thus enabling you to have more energy and help lift your spirits.
A.Knowing how to fight laziness is important.
B.To fight family laziness, set an example.
C.Finally, taking exercise regularly can help you fight laziness.
D.One way to fight laziness is to get enough sleep.
E.Create a reward system for yourself, just as parents do for a child.
F.Laziness appears when you no longer feel in charge of your own mind.
G.With strong determination, you will be able to achieve your goal.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2023重庆市第一中学月考) At the age of 13, Giorgia began to suffer a severe skin disorder, which started out on her arms and face and continued to 1 . Soon the angry, red rash (皮疹) covered nearly 97% of her body at times and could be extremely uncomfortable. But for Giorgia, the most pain was 2 she was treated by others simply because of her outward appearance. People would stop and stare at her in the street, because they thought she was 3 . She knew the condition was 4 her life. That seemed not 5 enough on its own. Unexpectedly, Giorgia also lost her father. She felt like her world went to 6 . They were so close when she was growing up, and she couldn’t 7 losing him. Fortunately, Giorgia had a strong and beautiful spirit inside. She realized she had a(n) 8 . She could shrink back from what she received or she could find the 9 to love herself and the way she was made. Giorgia 10 her body and decided she’d no longer try to 11 her skin. It was part of who she was. She started a photo series 12 displaying her natural self, hoping that others struggling with their body images would gain 13 and inspiration from the pictures she shared. “We might have 14 that make us look different from other women, but we are still beautiful. I know my dad would be proud of me for my 15 . Now I’ve come to terms with my disease, and I want to help others do the same,”said Giorgia. 1.A.collapse B.spread C.bother D.decline 2.A.why B.whether C.when D.how 3.A.emotional B.greedy C.ugly D.humble 4.A.closing B.wasting C.leading D.ruining 5.A.rewarding B.stressful C.appropriate D.fantastic 6.A.sections B.parts C.pieces D.blocks 7.A.bear B.admit C.mind D.risk 8.A.alternative B.session C.duty D.promise 9.A.courage B.priority C.support D.criterion 10.A.controlled B.overlooked C.examined D.accepted 11.A.break down B.get out C.cope with D.cover up 12.A.regrettably B.bravely C.seriously D.shyly 13.A.strength B.knowledge C.sympathy D.experience 14.A.assumptions B.affairs C.conditions D.qualities 15.A.interaction B.attitude C.integrity D.generosity
Part 2 Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.savings 2.findings 3.loyal 4.assumption 5.welfare
Ⅱ.题型(一)
1.that 考查从属连词。句意:据报道这部电影在中国以外的地方很受欢迎。“It is+过去分词+that...”为固定句式,句中It为形式主语,that从句为真正的主语。
2.if/whether 考查从属连词。句意:这个计划是否足够切实可行以使项目继续进行尚需拭目以待。分析句子结构可知,句中It为形式主语,设空处引导主语从句,且从句结构完整,不缺少任何成分,设空处有一定意义,表示“是否”,故填if或whether。
3.What 考查连接代词。句意:你在会上所说的为公司描绘了光明的前景。分析句子结构可知,“ you said at the meeting”是主语从句,缺少said的宾语,故答案为What。
4.how 考查连接副词。句意:有时候,我们向一个人表达感激之情的方式在我们给他或她提供的食物种类中反映出来。分析句子可知,“ we show our gratitude to a person”是主语从句,设空处引导主语从句,且在从句中作方式状语,故填how。
题型(二)
1.It was assumed that
2.What he did
3.if/whether the film will be released
4.Why dinosaurs disappeared suddenly
5.It’s suggested that we should take
题型(三)
1.whether 考查从属连词。句意:事实上,你每天是否吃早餐可能会对你的健康产生影响。分析句子结构可知,“ 1 you have breakfast or not every day”为主语从句,设空处引导主语从句,且从句结构完整,不缺少任何成分,设空处有一定意义,表示“是否”,故填whether。注意:if引导主语从句时,只能用it作形式主语,而把主语从句后置。
2.that 考查从属连词。句意:据报道,不吃早餐会使患心脏病的风险增加87%。“It is+过去分词+that...”为固定句式,句中It为形式主语,that从句为真正的主语。
3.What 考查连接代词。句意:我们从调查中得知,59%的参与者每天都吃早餐,但5.1%的人从不吃早餐,10.9%的人很少吃早餐,25%的人经常不吃早餐。分析句子可知,“ 3 we know from the survey”为主语从句,设空处引导主语从句,在从句中作know的宾语,故填What。
易错归因 本题易错填That。注意that与what都可引导名词性从句,that引导名词性从句时,没有任何含义,只起引导作用,在从句中不充当句子成分;而what引导名词性从句时,除了起引导作用外,在从句中还要充当一定的句子成分,例如可在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
4.That 考查从属连词。句意:研究人员收集的数据显示,不吃早餐与心脏病密切相关。分析句子可知,“ 4 skipping breakfast is closely linked to heart disease”是主语从句,设空处引导主语从句,且从句结构完整,不缺少任何成分,设空处没有实际意义,故填That。
5.that 考查从属连词。句意:事实上,早餐是一天中很重要的一餐是一个常识……。分析句子结构可知,“ 5 breakfast is an important meal of the day”是主语从句,设空处引导主语从句,且从句结构完整,不缺少任何成分,设空处没有实际意义,故填that。
6.why 考查连接副词。句意:……所以为什么在过去的50年里有很多人不吃早餐是一个值得思考的问题。分析句子结构可知,“ 6 there have been lots of people skipping breakfast over the past 50 years”是主语从句,结合句意可知,设空处在从句中作原因状语,故填why。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过描述女教师朱莉娅通过100天穿同一件裙子这件事,引起人们,尤其是她的学生们对时尚的思考,教育孩子们不能以貌取人,要把时间和精力花在有意义的事情上。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Julia wanted to get people...thinking about fashion in a new way and how we live in...a ‘culture of excess’, closets overflowing with clothes far more than we need.”可知,朱莉娅想让人们用一种新的方式思考时尚,同时思考我们现在所处的这种“过度文化”。由此可知朱莉娅100天穿同一件裙子是为了引起人们对时尚和生活的深思。故选D。
2.A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“at which point the students were responsive.Julia said that her students could really understand the idea that we need to judge each other based on what we do but not what we wear.”以及 “As they try to define themselves, the students are often identifying themselves with brands or outward things. Many seemed excited to have a reason to talk about how silly all of that really is”可知学生们对这个实验反应很积极,他们完全理解朱莉娅想传达的“不要关注人们穿什么而应关注人们做什么”即“不要以貌取人”的观点,许多学生因可以谈论那种只关注外表的行为有多愚蠢而感到兴奋。由此可知,学生们对以貌取人这个看法是反对的(opposed)。故选A。
3.C 主旨大意题。第四段通过叙述朱莉娅修补裙子上的破洞、穿围裙防止弄脏裙子、周末洗裙子这些事情说明了朱莉娅为了保证衣服干净整洁,以达到她这件裙子能穿100天来让人们对时尚和生活进行深思的目的而做出的努力。故选C。
易错归因 本题易误选D项。裙子上有破洞或裙子可能会脏都是朱莉娅实施计划中遇到的困难,但本段侧重讲述她为应对这些困难所做出的努力,而不是强调她遇到的这些困难,故排除D项。
4.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,朱莉娅关心地球的健康状况,耐心对待学生,认真对待日常生活,把更多的精力投入到了更有意义、更有价值的事情上。故选B。
易错归因 本题易由最后一段中的“the health of our planet”和常识而错选A项,但本段只说到朱莉娅关心地球的健康状况,并未提到保护地球环境是每个人的责任,A项属于“过度引申”,故排除。
【高频词汇】 1.in a row连续;成一排 2.define v.给……下定义;解释 3.identify v.显示,说明身份;确认,认出;发现 4.brand n.商标;牌子 5.quest n.探索;追求 v.探求;探索 6.simplicity n.简单;简朴 7.limited adj.有限的 8.occupy v.占用;使用;居住;占领;忙着
【熟词生义】 1.channel v.集中(精力、情感)
2.existence n.生活;生活方式
【差距词汇】 1.excess n.过度;过量;超过 2.patch v.修补;缝补 3.linger v.继续存留;逗留
长难句
原句 Julia wanted to get people—her middle school students, in particular—thinking about fashion in a new way and how we live in what she describes as a “culture of excess”, closets overflowing with clothes far more than we need.
分析 本句是主从复合句。“how we live in...we need”是how引导的宾语从句,由how前边的and连接与fashion并列作thinking about的宾语;在该宾语从句中,“what she describes as...we need”是what引导的宾语从句,作介词in的宾语,其中“closets overflowing...we need”是独立主格结构,在这个独立主格结构中,“than we need”是than引导的比较状语从句。
译文 朱莉娅希望让人们——尤其是她的中学生——以一种新的方式思考时尚以及我们是如何生活在她所描述的“过度文化”中的,(这种文化的一种体现就是)衣柜里堆满了远远超过我们的需要的衣服。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了懒惰形成的原因以及克服懒惰的方法,如调整睡眠、坚持锻炼、平衡膳食等。
1.D 主旨句。根据下文提示“Many people lack sleep constantly...Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency to put off things.”可知,由于缺乏睡眠,人们会缺少动力,进而形成懒惰。因此对抗懒惰的一个方法是有足够的睡眠。D项“One way to fight laziness is to get enough sleep.”能概括本段主题,顺承下文。该项中的“get enough sleep”对应下文中的“lack sleep constantly”。
2.F 细节句。根据本段第一句可知,另一个对抗懒惰的方法是把思维从被动变为主动。空前句列举了两种对待任务的态度,一种是被动的,另一种是主动的,只有我们采取更积极的态度,我们才能乐意接受每个挑战。F项“Laziness appears when you no longer feel in charge of your own mind.(当你不再能掌控自己的思想时,懒惰就会出现。)”承接上文,符合语境。
3.E 细节句。根据下文提示“Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film.(完成一些任务就奖励自己一些自己喜欢的东西,比如一顿大餐或一场电影。)”可知,E项“Create a reward system for yourself, just as parents do for a child.(为你自己建立一个奖励系统,就像父母为孩子做的那样。)”顺承下文,符合语境。该项中的“a reward system for yourself”与下文的“reward yourself”呼应。
4.B 过渡句。设空处与上下文构成的语境为:在家里,懒惰也可能是一个持久的问题,如果不立即处理,懒惰可能会蔓延→ 4 →饭后第一个收拾和洗碗,家里的其他人可能最终会以你为榜样。设空处承上启下,B项“To fight family laziness, set an example.(要对抗家庭懒惰,就要树立榜样。)”符合语境。该项中的“set an example”与下文的“follow your example”呼应。
5.C 主旨句。本空位于段首,类似小标题,下文“Enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle(足够的运动和均衡的饮食可以帮助你养成健康的生活方式)”对其进行解释。故C项“Finally, taking exercise regularly can help you fight laziness.(最后,定期锻炼可以帮助你战胜懒惰。)”符合语境。
【高频词汇】 1.lack vt. & n.缺乏 2.motivation n.动力;积极性 3.tendency n.趋势 4.contribute to是……的原因之一 5.in charge of负责;掌管
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了得皮肤病的女孩Giorgia积极对抗疾病、战胜歧视的故事,凸显了直面苦难、乐观生活、勇于接受自己的主旨。
1.B 根据下文“Soon the angry, red rash (皮疹) covered nearly 97% of her body at times and could be extremely uncomfortable.”可知,皮疹扩散、病情恶化了。collapse坍塌;spread扩散;bother打扰;decline下降。故选B。
2.D 根据下一句“People would stop and stare at her in the street”可知,令Giorgia最痛苦的是别人对待她的方式——停下来盯着她看,所以用how引导表语从句。
3.C 根据上文“At the age of 13, Giorgia began to suffer a severe skin disorder”可知,她有严重的皮肤病,因此人们会认为她很丑而停下来看她。emotional激动人心的;greedy贪婪的;ugly丑的;humble谦卑的。故选C。
4.D 根据上文人们的行为可知,她的生活应该是受到了消极影响。故此处表示“她知道这种情况正在毁掉她的生活”。 close关闭;waste浪费;lead领导;ruin摧毁。故选D。
5.B 根据上文内容可知,Giorgia患有严重的皮肤病,再结合下文“Unexpectedly, Giorgia also lost her father.”可知,与失去父亲相比,皮肤病对她来说似乎还不够有压力。rewarding值得的;stressful有压力的;appropriate适当的;fantastic极好的。故选B。
6.C 父亲去世,Giorgia觉得自己的世界崩塌了。go to pieces是固定搭配,表示“身心崩溃,沮丧至极”。section部分;part部分;block大块。
7.A 根据“They were so close when she was growing up”可知,在成长过程中Giorgia与她的父亲关系很亲密,所以她难以忍受失去他。bear忍受;admit承认;mind介意;risk冒……的危险。故选A。
8.A 根据下文“She could shrink back from what she received or she could find the 9 to love herself and the way she was made.”可知,她还有其他选择。alternative可供选择的事物;session会议;duty责任;promise承诺。故选A。
9.A 根据上文“Fortunately, Giorgia had a strong and beautiful spirit inside.”可知,即使她有皮肤病,她也可以找到勇气去爱自己。courage勇气;priority优先权;support支持;criterion标准。故选A。
10.D 根据“It was part of who she was.”可知,她承认这是她自己的一部分,表明她已经开始接受自己的身体了。control控制;overlook忽视;examine检查;accept接受。故选D。
11.D 上文提到Giorgia已经接受了自己,所以她就不再想尽一切办法掩盖自己的皮肤了。break down出故障;get out 泄露;cope with处理;cover up掩盖。故选D。
12.B Giorgia勇敢地用一系列照片展示真实的自己,希望那些苦于自己形象的人能从她分享的照片中得到力量和鼓舞。regrettably令人遗憾地;bravely勇敢地;seriously认真地;shyly害羞地。故选B。
13.A 设空处应选一个意义和inspiration并列的词,通过看到Giorgia的照片,同样苦于自己形象的人能够得到力量与鼓舞,与勇敢分享照片这一行为相照应。strength力量;knowledge知识;sympathy同情;experience经验。故选A。
14.C 联系前文“She knew the condition was 4 her life.”可知,此处为原词复现,此处表示“我们可能有让我们与其他女人看起来不同的身体状况”。assumption假设;affair事件;condition状况;quality品质。故选C。
15.B 结合前文内容尤其是“She could shrink back from what she received or she could find the 9 to love herself and the way she was made.”可知,本文在赞扬Giorgia积极面对生活、乐观接受自己的态度。故此处表示“我知道我父亲会因为我的态度而感到自豪”。interaction互动;attitude态度;integrity诚实正直;generosity慷慨。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.severe adj.十分严重的 2.display v.展示;显示 3.struggle with 与……斗争;与……抗争
4.come to terms with sth.与某事妥协;接受(令人不快或悲伤的现实)
【熟词生义】 angry adj.红肿的;感染的;发炎的
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2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步
Part 2 Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.George spent all his (积蓄) buying a car, making his wife very angry.
2.Students were asked to conduct a survey and write up their (研究的结果) in the form of a report.
3.Dogs are often regarded as humans’ (/ l l/) friends in almost every culture.
4.Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the (假设) you’ve made.
5.These organizations have fought very hard for the rights and w of immigrants.
Ⅱ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
1.It is reported the film is well received outside China.(2020江苏)
2.It remains to be seen this plan is practical enough to keep the project going on.
3. you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.
4.Sometimes, we show our gratitude to a person is reflected in the kind of food we serve him or her.
题型(二)
1.人们认为,那些将志愿者角色作为其个人身份的大部分的人也最有可能继续从事志愿者工作。(assume)
those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work.
2.他所做的就是向每一个经过的人招手。
was wave at everyone who passed by.
3.这部电影是否会上映尚未可知。(release)
It is still unknown .
4.恐龙为什么突然消失仍然是一个谜。
remains a mystery.
5.有人建议我们应该立刻采取措施。
measures at once.
题型(三)
用适当的连接词补全短文
Do you have the bad habit of skipping your breakfast Actually, 1 you have breakfast or not every day may make a difference to your health. It’s reported 2 skipping breakfast can raise your risk of getting heart disease by 87 percent.
Some researchers from the University of Iowa analysed 18 years of data on 6,550 people who had no history of heart disease. 3 we know from the survey is that 59 percent of the participants ate breakfast every day, but 5.1 percent never did, 10.9 percent rarely did, and 25 percent often skipped breakfast. 4 skipping breakfast is closely linked to heart disease has been shown by the data collected by the researchers. People who didn’t have breakfast in the morning were up to 87 percent more likely to develop heart disease. Actually, 5 breakfast is an important meal of the day is a common sense, so 6 there have been lots of people skipping breakfast over the past 50 years is a question worth thinking about.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2022天津和平区期末)
On August 3, 2020, a New Jersey schoolteacher named Julia Mooney put on a button down dress and wore it to work. She wore it the next day and the next. In fact, she continued to wear that same dress for 100 days in a row. Julia wanted to get people—her middle school students, in particular—thinking about fashion in a new way and how we live in what she describes as a “culture of excess”, closets overflowing with clothes far more than we need.
At first, Julia said nothing to her students about her experiment. There was no formal class discussion until several weeks later, at which point the students were responsive. Julia said that her students could really understand the idea that we need to judge each other based on what we do but not what we wear. “As they try to define themselves, the students are often identifying themselves with brands or outward things. Many seemed excited to have a reason to talk about how silly all of that really is,” she said.
A quest for greater simplicity is partly what inspired Julia in the first place. On her website, she wrote that “spending a long time thinking and worrying about what to wear in the morning will be a thing of the past”. It also solved the problem of limited closet space in an old house.
If there was a tear (裂口), Julia patched it with her sewing machine. She was careful with it so she wore an apron (围裙) to keep it clean—just like people did in years gone by. She washed the dress on weekends.
“The challenge I’m presenting is this: Let’s think before we buy it, wear it, throw it away and buy one again. Are we just perpetuating (使持续) a culture that defines us based on what we’re wearing rather than what we’re doing What if we spent our energy trying to be good interesting humans instead of trying to look good and interesting ” she said.
Julia herself is back to wearing pants to work, but the effect of the experiment lingers. She said, “I’m expressing my interest in the health of our planet and the people who occupy it, while channeling less of my energy into my wardrobe and more into loving my children, being patient with my students and embracing my day to day existence.”
1.Why did Julia Mooney wear the same dress continuously
A.She liked that dress most. B.She tried to save time and money.
C.She had to follow a fast fashion trend. D.She wanted to arouse people’s reflection.
2.Which word best describes the students’ attitude to the culture of judging people by their appearance
A.Opposed. B.Indifferent. C.Uncertain. D.Optimistic.
3.What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 4
A.The aim Julia wanted to achieve.
B.The influence Julia was trying to exert.
C.Efforts Julia made to keep the plan going well.
D.Difficulties Julia encountered in carrying out the plan.
4.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A.It is our responsibility to protect the earth’s environment.
B.Julia is putting more energy into worthwhile things.
C.Julia doesn’t care what she wears every day.
D.People should be grateful for their daily lives.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2023四川泸县一中月考)
How Can I Fight Laziness
Lazy people will never gain anything in life. However, laziness can be defeated once a few changes have been made in your mind.
1 Many people lack sleep constantly, since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work. These people have little motivation once they arrive home. Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency to put off things. By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful rest, you can fight laziness throughout the day.
Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active. Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from one task to another, whilst others take a more positive approach, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone. 2
Some people fight laziness by removing the temptations(诱惑) that surround them. A television in the living room may provide entertainment, but watching too much TV often contributes to laziness. 3 Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film.
Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home. Couples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately. 4 Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the home may eventually follow your example and perform their own task. It is difficult to practice laziness when you are surrounded by motivated(有积极性的) people.
5 Enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle, thus enabling you to have more energy and help lift your spirits.
A.Knowing how to fight laziness is important.
B.To fight family laziness, set an example.
C.Finally, taking exercise regularly can help you fight laziness.
D.One way to fight laziness is to get enough sleep.
E.Create a reward system for yourself, just as parents do for a child.
F.Laziness appears when you no longer feel in charge of your own mind.
G.With strong determination, you will be able to achieve your goal.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2023重庆市第一中学月考) At the age of 13, Giorgia began to suffer a severe skin disorder, which started out on her arms and face and continued to 1 . Soon the angry, red rash (皮疹) covered nearly 97% of her body at times and could be extremely uncomfortable. But for Giorgia, the most pain was 2 she was treated by others simply because of her outward appearance. People would stop and stare at her in the street, because they thought she was 3 . She knew the condition was 4 her life. That seemed not 5 enough on its own. Unexpectedly, Giorgia also lost her father. She felt like her world went to 6 . They were so close when she was growing up, and she couldn’t 7 losing him. Fortunately, Giorgia had a strong and beautiful spirit inside. She realized she had a(n) 8 . She could shrink back from what she received or she could find the 9 to love herself and the way she was made. Giorgia 10 her body and decided she’d no longer try to 11 her skin. It was part of who she was. She started a photo series 12 displaying her natural self, hoping that others struggling with their body images would gain 13 and inspiration from the pictures she shared. “We might have 14 that make us look different from other women, but we are still beautiful. I know my dad would be proud of me for my 15 . Now I’ve come to terms with my disease, and I want to help others do the same,”said Giorgia. 1.A.collapse B.spread C.bother D.decline 2.A.why B.whether C.when D.how 3.A.emotional B.greedy C.ugly D.humble 4.A.closing B.wasting C.leading D.ruining 5.A.rewarding B.stressful C.appropriate D.fantastic 6.A.sections B.parts C.pieces D.blocks 7.A.bear B.admit C.mind D.risk 8.A.alternative B.session C.duty D.promise 9.A.courage B.priority C.support D.criterion 10.A.controlled B.overlooked C.examined D.accepted 11.A.break down B.get out C.cope with D.cover up 12.A.regrettably B.bravely C.seriously D.shyly 13.A.strength B.knowledge C.sympathy D.experience 14.A.assumptions B.affairs C.conditions D.qualities 15.A.interaction B.attitude C.integrity D.generosity
Part 2 Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.savings 2.findings 3.loyal 4.assumption 5.welfare
Ⅱ.题型(一)
1.that 考查从属连词。句意:据报道这部电影在中国以外的地方很受欢迎。“It is+过去分词+that...”为固定句式,句中It为形式主语,that从句为真正的主语。
2.if/whether 考查从属连词。句意:这个计划是否足够切实可行以使项目继续进行尚需拭目以待。分析句子结构可知,句中It为形式主语,设空处引导主语从句,且从句结构完整,不缺少任何成分,设空处有一定意义,表示“是否”,故填if或whether。
3.What 考查连接代词。句意:你在会上所说的为公司描绘了光明的前景。分析句子结构可知,“ you said at the meeting”是主语从句,缺少said的宾语,故答案为What。
4.how 考查连接副词。句意:有时候,我们向一个人表达感激之情的方式在我们给他或她提供的食物种类中反映出来。分析句子可知,“ we show our gratitude to a person”是主语从句,设空处引导主语从句,且在从句中作方式状语,故填how。
题型(二)
1.It was assumed that
2.What he did
3.if/whether the film will be released
4.Why dinosaurs disappeared suddenly
5.It’s suggested that we should take
题型(三)
1.whether 考查从属连词。句意:事实上,你每天是否吃早餐可能会对你的健康产生影响。分析句子结构可知,“ 1 you have breakfast or not every day”为主语从句,设空处引导主语从句,且从句结构完整,不缺少任何成分,设空处有一定意义,表示“是否”,故填whether。注意:if引导主语从句时,只能用it作形式主语,而把主语从句后置。
2.that 考查从属连词。句意:据报道,不吃早餐会使患心脏病的风险增加87%。“It is+过去分词+that...”为固定句式,句中It为形式主语,that从句为真正的主语。
3.What 考查连接代词。句意:我们从调查中得知,59%的参与者每天都吃早餐,但5.1%的人从不吃早餐,10.9%的人很少吃早餐,25%的人经常不吃早餐。分析句子可知,“ 3 we know from the survey”为主语从句,设空处引导主语从句,在从句中作know的宾语,故填What。
易错归因 本题易错填That。注意that与what都可引导名词性从句,that引导名词性从句时,没有任何含义,只起引导作用,在从句中不充当句子成分;而what引导名词性从句时,除了起引导作用外,在从句中还要充当一定的句子成分,例如可在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
4.That 考查从属连词。句意:研究人员收集的数据显示,不吃早餐与心脏病密切相关。分析句子可知,“ 4 skipping breakfast is closely linked to heart disease”是主语从句,设空处引导主语从句,且从句结构完整,不缺少任何成分,设空处没有实际意义,故填That。
5.that 考查从属连词。句意:事实上,早餐是一天中很重要的一餐是一个常识……。分析句子结构可知,“ 5 breakfast is an important meal of the day”是主语从句,设空处引导主语从句,且从句结构完整,不缺少任何成分,设空处没有实际意义,故填that。
6.why 考查连接副词。句意:……所以为什么在过去的50年里有很多人不吃早餐是一个值得思考的问题。分析句子结构可知,“ 6 there have been lots of people skipping breakfast over the past 50 years”是主语从句,结合句意可知,设空处在从句中作原因状语,故填why。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过描述女教师朱莉娅通过100天穿同一件裙子这件事,引起人们,尤其是她的学生们对时尚的思考,教育孩子们不能以貌取人,要把时间和精力花在有意义的事情上。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Julia wanted to get people...thinking about fashion in a new way and how we live in...a ‘culture of excess’, closets overflowing with clothes far more than we need.”可知,朱莉娅想让人们用一种新的方式思考时尚,同时思考我们现在所处的这种“过度文化”。由此可知朱莉娅100天穿同一件裙子是为了引起人们对时尚和生活的深思。故选D。
2.A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“at which point the students were responsive.Julia said that her students could really understand the idea that we need to judge each other based on what we do but not what we wear.”以及 “As they try to define themselves, the students are often identifying themselves with brands or outward things. Many seemed excited to have a reason to talk about how silly all of that really is”可知学生们对这个实验反应很积极,他们完全理解朱莉娅想传达的“不要关注人们穿什么而应关注人们做什么”即“不要以貌取人”的观点,许多学生因可以谈论那种只关注外表的行为有多愚蠢而感到兴奋。由此可知,学生们对以貌取人这个看法是反对的(opposed)。故选A。
3.C 主旨大意题。第四段通过叙述朱莉娅修补裙子上的破洞、穿围裙防止弄脏裙子、周末洗裙子这些事情说明了朱莉娅为了保证衣服干净整洁,以达到她这件裙子能穿100天来让人们对时尚和生活进行深思的目的而做出的努力。故选C。
易错归因 本题易误选D项。裙子上有破洞或裙子可能会脏都是朱莉娅实施计划中遇到的困难,但本段侧重讲述她为应对这些困难所做出的努力,而不是强调她遇到的这些困难,故排除D项。
4.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,朱莉娅关心地球的健康状况,耐心对待学生,认真对待日常生活,把更多的精力投入到了更有意义、更有价值的事情上。故选B。
易错归因 本题易由最后一段中的“the health of our planet”和常识而错选A项,但本段只说到朱莉娅关心地球的健康状况,并未提到保护地球环境是每个人的责任,A项属于“过度引申”,故排除。
【高频词汇】 1.in a row连续;成一排 2.define v.给……下定义;解释 3.identify v.显示,说明身份;确认,认出;发现 4.brand n.商标;牌子 5.quest n.探索;追求 v.探求;探索 6.simplicity n.简单;简朴 7.limited adj.有限的 8.occupy v.占用;使用;居住;占领;忙着
【熟词生义】 1.channel v.集中(精力、情感)
2.existence n.生活;生活方式
【差距词汇】 1.excess n.过度;过量;超过 2.patch v.修补;缝补 3.linger v.继续存留;逗留
长难句
原句 Julia wanted to get people—her middle school students, in particular—thinking about fashion in a new way and how we live in what she describes as a “culture of excess”, closets overflowing with clothes far more than we need.
分析 本句是主从复合句。“how we live in...we need”是how引导的宾语从句,由how前边的and连接与fashion并列作thinking about的宾语;在该宾语从句中,“what she describes as...we need”是what引导的宾语从句,作介词in的宾语,其中“closets overflowing...we need”是独立主格结构,在这个独立主格结构中,“than we need”是than引导的比较状语从句。
译文 朱莉娅希望让人们——尤其是她的中学生——以一种新的方式思考时尚以及我们是如何生活在她所描述的“过度文化”中的,(这种文化的一种体现就是)衣柜里堆满了远远超过我们的需要的衣服。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了懒惰形成的原因以及克服懒惰的方法,如调整睡眠、坚持锻炼、平衡膳食等。
1.D 主旨句。根据下文提示“Many people lack sleep constantly...Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency to put off things.”可知,由于缺乏睡眠,人们会缺少动力,进而形成懒惰。因此对抗懒惰的一个方法是有足够的睡眠。D项“One way to fight laziness is to get enough sleep.”能概括本段主题,顺承下文。该项中的“get enough sleep”对应下文中的“lack sleep constantly”。
2.F 细节句。根据本段第一句可知,另一个对抗懒惰的方法是把思维从被动变为主动。空前句列举了两种对待任务的态度,一种是被动的,另一种是主动的,只有我们采取更积极的态度,我们才能乐意接受每个挑战。F项“Laziness appears when you no longer feel in charge of your own mind.(当你不再能掌控自己的思想时,懒惰就会出现。)”承接上文,符合语境。
3.E 细节句。根据下文提示“Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film.(完成一些任务就奖励自己一些自己喜欢的东西,比如一顿大餐或一场电影。)”可知,E项“Create a reward system for yourself, just as parents do for a child.(为你自己建立一个奖励系统,就像父母为孩子做的那样。)”顺承下文,符合语境。该项中的“a reward system for yourself”与下文的“reward yourself”呼应。
4.B 过渡句。设空处与上下文构成的语境为:在家里,懒惰也可能是一个持久的问题,如果不立即处理,懒惰可能会蔓延→ 4 →饭后第一个收拾和洗碗,家里的其他人可能最终会以你为榜样。设空处承上启下,B项“To fight family laziness, set an example.(要对抗家庭懒惰,就要树立榜样。)”符合语境。该项中的“set an example”与下文的“follow your example”呼应。
5.C 主旨句。本空位于段首,类似小标题,下文“Enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle(足够的运动和均衡的饮食可以帮助你养成健康的生活方式)”对其进行解释。故C项“Finally, taking exercise regularly can help you fight laziness.(最后,定期锻炼可以帮助你战胜懒惰。)”符合语境。
【高频词汇】 1.lack vt. & n.缺乏 2.motivation n.动力;积极性 3.tendency n.趋势 4.contribute to是……的原因之一 5.in charge of负责;掌管
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了得皮肤病的女孩Giorgia积极对抗疾病、战胜歧视的故事,凸显了直面苦难、乐观生活、勇于接受自己的主旨。
1.B 根据下文“Soon the angry, red rash (皮疹) covered nearly 97% of her body at times and could be extremely uncomfortable.”可知,皮疹扩散、病情恶化了。collapse坍塌;spread扩散;bother打扰;decline下降。故选B。
2.D 根据下一句“People would stop and stare at her in the street”可知,令Giorgia最痛苦的是别人对待她的方式——停下来盯着她看,所以用how引导表语从句。
3.C 根据上文“At the age of 13, Giorgia began to suffer a severe skin disorder”可知,她有严重的皮肤病,因此人们会认为她很丑而停下来看她。emotional激动人心的;greedy贪婪的;ugly丑的;humble谦卑的。故选C。
4.D 根据上文人们的行为可知,她的生活应该是受到了消极影响。故此处表示“她知道这种情况正在毁掉她的生活”。 close关闭;waste浪费;lead领导;ruin摧毁。故选D。
5.B 根据上文内容可知,Giorgia患有严重的皮肤病,再结合下文“Unexpectedly, Giorgia also lost her father.”可知,与失去父亲相比,皮肤病对她来说似乎还不够有压力。rewarding值得的;stressful有压力的;appropriate适当的;fantastic极好的。故选B。
6.C 父亲去世,Giorgia觉得自己的世界崩塌了。go to pieces是固定搭配,表示“身心崩溃,沮丧至极”。section部分;part部分;block大块。
7.A 根据“They were so close when she was growing up”可知,在成长过程中Giorgia与她的父亲关系很亲密,所以她难以忍受失去他。bear忍受;admit承认;mind介意;risk冒……的危险。故选A。
8.A 根据下文“She could shrink back from what she received or she could find the 9 to love herself and the way she was made.”可知,她还有其他选择。alternative可供选择的事物;session会议;duty责任;promise承诺。故选A。
9.A 根据上文“Fortunately, Giorgia had a strong and beautiful spirit inside.”可知,即使她有皮肤病,她也可以找到勇气去爱自己。courage勇气;priority优先权;support支持;criterion标准。故选A。
10.D 根据“It was part of who she was.”可知,她承认这是她自己的一部分,表明她已经开始接受自己的身体了。control控制;overlook忽视;examine检查;accept接受。故选D。
11.D 上文提到Giorgia已经接受了自己,所以她就不再想尽一切办法掩盖自己的皮肤了。break down出故障;get out 泄露;cope with处理;cover up掩盖。故选D。
12.B Giorgia勇敢地用一系列照片展示真实的自己,希望那些苦于自己形象的人能从她分享的照片中得到力量和鼓舞。regrettably令人遗憾地;bravely勇敢地;seriously认真地;shyly害羞地。故选B。
13.A 设空处应选一个意义和inspiration并列的词,通过看到Giorgia的照片,同样苦于自己形象的人能够得到力量与鼓舞,与勇敢分享照片这一行为相照应。strength力量;knowledge知识;sympathy同情;experience经验。故选A。
14.C 联系前文“She knew the condition was 4 her life.”可知,此处为原词复现,此处表示“我们可能有让我们与其他女人看起来不同的身体状况”。assumption假设;affair事件;condition状况;quality品质。故选C。
15.B 结合前文内容尤其是“She could shrink back from what she received or she could find the 9 to love herself and the way she was made.”可知,本文在赞扬Giorgia积极面对生活、乐观接受自己的态度。故此处表示“我知道我父亲会因为我的态度而感到自豪”。interaction互动;attitude态度;integrity诚实正直;generosity慷慨。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.severe adj.十分严重的 2.display v.展示;显示 3.struggle with 与……斗争;与……抗争
4.come to terms with sth.与某事妥协;接受(令人不快或悲伤的现实)
【熟词生义】 angry adj.红肿的;感染的;发炎的
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