2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步练习--Unit 1—Unit 2阶段检测（含答案与解析）
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| 名称 | 2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步练习--Unit 1—Unit 2阶段检测（含答案与解析） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-11-13 22:34:38 | ||
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步
阶段达标检测
Unit 1—Unit 2
全卷满分120分 考试用时100分钟
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Boys’ Life Headliners
Thomas McWithey
Age: 19
Hometown: Yorktown, Virginia
Scout Rank: Eagle Scout (Troop 306, Yorktown)
Made Headlines: For being honored at the U.S.Department of the Interior with the 2018 George and Helen Hartzog Award for Outstanding Volunteer Service, in which Thomas received the Youth Volunteer Award. For his Eagle Scout project, Thomas led his troop in the construction and installation of 15 bluebird nest boxes at the park, totaling more than 150 volunteer hours.
Chase Englehart
Age: 15
Hometown: Lafayette, Louisiana
Scout Rank: Star Scout (Troop 200, Lafayette)
Made Headlines: For winning the 2019 El Toro North American Championship in Kaneohe, Hawaii, in the junior division. Chase sails for the Richmond Yacht Club in Point Richmond, California.
Hayes Etue
Age: 10
Hometown: Nashville, Tennessee
Scout Rank: Bear Scout (Pack 555, Nashville)
Made Headlines: By placing third in his age bracket at the 2019 HEAT (Hendersonville Endurance Athletic Team) Kids Triathlon Junior Race. The race involved a 50 yard pool swim, 2 mile bike ride and 1 mile run.
Dylan Powers
Age: 19
Hometown: Wrentham, Massachusetts
Scout Rank: Eagle Scout (Troop 13, Wrentham)
Made Headlines: For winning the Integrated Marketing Campaign—Service competition at the 2019 DECA International Career Development Conference, along with partner Anthony Bozza. DECA works with students to prepare for careers in marketing, finance and management.
Alina Morse
Age: 14
Hometown: Detroit, Michigan
Made Headlines: As the youngest chief executive officer to be named to the Inc. 5000 (America’s most successful companies), as well as the youngest person to be featured on the cover of the magazine Entrepreneur, Alina has also spoken at the New York Stock Exchange, done a TED Talk and much more.
1.Who spent a lot of time serving as a volunteer
A.Thomas McWithey.
B.Chase Englehart.
C.Dylan Powers.
D.Hayes Etue.
2.What is special about Chase Englehart
A.He specializes in marketing.
B.He swam, cycled and ran in the race.
C.He took part in a sailing competition.
D.He is the youngest winner of the competition.
3.What made Alina Morse a headliner
A.Her great sailing skills.
B.Her high scores in the race.
C.Her business achievements.
D.Her contributions to the environment.
B
A clever technologist used steamboat inventions and turned them into the first commercial steamboat service.
Although Robert Fulton did not invent the steamboat,as is commonly believed, he played an important role in making steamboat travel a reality. He was born in Pennsylvania in 1765. As a young man, he set out to make his name as a portrait painter. His career took him to Europe and into the orbit of people with the power to support him politically and financially.
Fulton entered London society after he painted Benjamin Franklin’s portrait. While abroad, Fulton left the arts for a career in shipbuilding. He was interested in the recently invented steam engine, and thought it could be used to power ships. Fulton’s vision was not original; many others had entered the field, and the unfortunate inventor John Fitch had built a working steamship already. But like Henry Ford, Fulton’s talent lay not in the invention but in the product’s application in the marketplace.
Fulton didn’t focus entirely on the steamboat. In 1804, he tested the first submarine successfully, which he had built for the British Royal Navy. His invention made him a celebrity upon his return to the United States two years later. Fulton’s partner Robert Livingston obtained an exclusive license for steamboat services on New York’s Hudson River. It was time for Fulton to deliver.
To build an efficient, reliable steamboat, Fulton used a special English steam engine. The ship’s bottom was flat and its stern was square. The steamboat Clermont made its debut (首次亮相) on August 17, 1807, steaming on the river from New York to Albany, and it soon entered commercial services. The hilly terrain of New York made water transport faster than land transport, and Fulton’s boat—formerly known as the “North River Steamboat”—was a hit. Within five years, Fulton was running services on six major rivers plus the Chesapeake Bay, and bringing in great profits.
4.What can be inferred from Paragraph 3
A.Henry Ford was as unfortunate as John Fitch.
B.Fulton left the arts as he couldn’t support himself.
C.Henry Ford was talented in the product’s application.
D.Fulton was the first to create a working steamship.
5.When did Fulton become a celebrity in the United States
A.In 1804. B.In 1806. C.In 1807. D.In 1812.
6.What is mentioned about Clermont
A.It earned Fulton much money.
B.It operated for five years.
C.It had an American steam engine.
D.It was not accepted by people at first.
7.What’s the best title for the text
A.Robert Fulton:A Great Inventor
B.Robert Fulton and His Steamboat
C.Steamboats Changing Water Transport
D.The History of Commercial Steamboats
C
Recently I read a passage saying that kids need 12 hugs a day. The idea is that kids who are hugged that much are probably being shown and told how valuable they are. And let’s face it. Not all kids get the same loving kindness at home, which affects their ability to lead full lives not just at home, but also in school. After all, when kids lack love, how can we expect them to do well in school
That’s the question one school principal in Winterport, Maine recently wondered. Her brilliant solution Self talk mirrors.
Several weeks ago, a series of brightly colored mirrors with positive self talk phrases appeared on the walls throughout the Leroy H. Smith School in Winterport. The elementary school’s principal, Dawn Moore, was inspired by a similar project she spotted online that aimed to promote different kinds of learners. Moore took this idea, adjusted it, and now it’s the talk of the town.
Moore says the mirrors allow students to literally remind themselves of their worth and their abilities every single day. “It is not reflective of how you did in class,” she says, “but reflective of whom you are and what you can be if you believe in yourself and love yourself.”
The mirrors all hang at eye level with the students and were fixed in common spaces throughout the halls. And so far, the experiment has been a huge success with both kids and teachers. The hope is that they will remain a permanent fixture in the school.
What do the kids think of this project At first, the students loved looking and making faces and silly actions but after the novelty of “look at me” was over, many students have been observed looking at themselves, proudly, reading the sentence above the mirror.
The staff at the Leroy H. Smith School plan to mix up the messages every few weeks in order to keep things fresh.
8.What does the author think of the “hug theory”
A.Absurd. B.Reasonable.
C.Doubtful. D.Traditional.
9.How did Moore get the idea of self talk mirrors
A.She got inspired from her mirror.
B.Her staff made suggestions for her.
C.It was adopted from an online project.
D.She used the children’s natural love for beauty.
10.What is the purpose of self talk mirrors
A.To improve students’ speaking skills.
B.To make the school more beautiful.
C.To improve children’s self confidence.
D.To let kids pay attention to their appearance.
11.What is used to encourage students in the project
A.Inspiring words. B.The school’s awards.
C.Teachers’ encouragement. D.Other children’s admiration.
D
With nearly a quarter of global greenhouse gas coming from all types of transportation, can we keep ourselves off gas powered vehicles to avoid the worst effects As more governments push for urgent action on climate change, quite a few companies are betting their future—that millions of consumers are finally ready for electric powered vehicles. Modern battery powered cars are selling fast and zero emission (排放) planes are coming. These changes, both leading to a more sustainable future, are reinventing how we get from here to there.
Cars and trucks have undergone their greatest improvement since the automobile’s existence more than a century ago. Almost overnight, the era of the electric car has arrived. Electricity has the advantage that it works without smell and with less noise. Global annual sales of electric vehicles are expected to soar from just over 3 million today to 14 million by 2025. Just a month after Ford unveiled an electric version of the popular F 150, customers had reserved more than 100,000 of them. The price is about $10,000 above the gas powered one, but Ford says the electric model will cost much less to maintain. Everything creating a green revolution on the ground is of limited help in the sky for the time being.
High storage batteries are useless at present when it comes to the technological challenge of launching a few hundred people into the sky and carrying them thousands of miles. No battery yet invented can power, say, a Boeing 747 from New York to London. Promising improvements, however, do add up. Developments with zero emission, battery powered electric engines are already happening in commercial flights, involving trips of limited duration and distance. Airlines specializing in short journeys with small planes will lead the way to electric flights.
Our planet’s health depends on zeroing out carbon dioxide emissions by 2050, and yet, by the timetable needed to address the climate challenge, the shift away from gas powered vehicles remains far too slow. Nevertheless, the train has left the station. Someday, electric powered transportation will be as common as air.
12.Why are many companies switching to electric powered vehicles
A.To reinvent the way we travel.
B.To cut the costs of car production.
C.To improve the quality of products.
D.To pursue sustainable development.
13.What do we know about the electric car
A.It came into use a century ago.
B.It enjoys increasing popularity.
C.It sells better than the traditional one.
D.It costs less than the gas powered one.
14.What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 3
A.To show the disadvantages of battery power.
B.To emphasize the significance of short flights.
C.To state the developments of commercial flights.
D.To stress the future prospects of electric planes.
15.What does the author mean by saying “the train has left the station”
A.Train transportation has improved.
B.Green transportation is on its way.
C.The electric train is running regularly.
D.The gas powered train has become the past.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Daily Habits of Naturally Productive People
When it comes to being more efficient at your job, you know the basics. But research shows a whole new side of productivity you may not have realized. 16
Focus on being happier.
17 Even if a low mood does not completely disable you from functioning, it can decrease your productivity to make you far less efficient. Also, don’t hesitate to seek help. Not only will this help you achieve a more stable work life balance, but a new outlook can also open you up to new opportunities and necessary changes.
Prioritize fitness.
You know the countless benefits of exercise. 18 Even 30 minute moderate to high physical activity just three to four times a day can go a long way in helping you accomplish your personal and professional goals. If you’re really not a fan of the gym, join a group class to keep yourself motivated.
19
Pressing pause is important. Studies show that prolonged tasks that require high levels of focus, energy, and attention can cause you to become less productive and focused over time. Take brief mental breaks. When we take “healthy breaks”, we are much more focused and engaged in our next work; in contrast, when we try to work continually on a project without breaks, our quality of work tends to deteriorate.
Don’t try to do everything at once.
People believe the more we can do at once, the better. 20 In fact, the more we multitask, the less efficient and productive we become. Instead, to increase productivity, focus on one task at a time until it’s completed and then give all of your attention to the next task.
A.Take breaks at times.
B.Make productivity first.
C.However, research shows the opposite.
D.Studies find happier people are more productive.
E.Have a look at these habits of naturally productive people.
F.It improves your mood and increases your brain’s productivity.
G.Research shows that daylight improves your levels of activity.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Francis Kéré is the first African to win the Pritzker Architecture Prize, known as the Nobel Prize in Architecture. However, his journey to the peak of his field was far from 21 . Growing up in a village where there was no kindergarten, he was 22 into an extremely hot classroom with over 100 students. At the age of 7, Francis Kéré had to leave his family home to attend school because his village didn’t have one of its own. This experience of poor building facilities contributed to his 23 of better educational lives of local children, using architecture. Thirteen years later, he boarded a plane for Germany on a scholarship to study architecture.
His early reputation came in helping 24 a school in his village after graduating from college. He 25 the whole village to provide ideas and drew the 26 on sand for all to see. 27 , he involved them in constructing the school, using local wood and local clay(黏土).
The result of their hard work was a welcoming structure with a “floating” roof that 28 ventilation(通风)in a hot climate and wall openings that bring 29 for students to learn even without electricity. He showed the villagers that ideas to 30 climate or other challenges are always at hand.
In this process, local people learned 31 skills that they could later use to find work. By cooperating with them, Kéré 32 the idea that climate solutions started with big institutions. He 33 that everyone could contribute to addressing the major issues related to education and climate and 34 a global impact by acting locally.
Adopted by architects in dozens of countries, his 35 is rooted in the “unique” aspects of each community now.
21.A.intense B.smooth C.reasonable D.ambitious
22.A.tricked B.persuaded C.crowded D.accompanied
23.A.vision B.reality C.qualification D.commitment
24.A.reform B.donate C.restore D.design
25.A.reminded B.advised C.encouraged D.commanded
26.A.plot B.draft C.sample D.finding
27.A.However B.Otherwise C.Therefore D.Moreover
28.A.blocks B.affects C.conveys D.allows
29.A.hope B.light C.desire D.air
30.A.find out B.bring about C.deal with D.depend on
31.A.academic B.physical C.educational D.practical
32.A.challenged B.declared C.formed D.promoted
33.A.denied B.suspected C.guaranteed D.demonstrated
34.A.assess B.access C.generate D.witness
35.A.innovation B.expectation C.patent D.career
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine had been awarded to Tu Youyou, 36 research led to the discovery of artemisinin. Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and 37 (think) to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.
Tu Youyou was born in Ningbo, China, in December 1930 and graduated 38 Peking University Medical School in 1955. In 1967,the Chinese government formed a team of 39 (scientist) with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was one of the researchers 40 (choose).
One medical text from the fourth century suggested 41 (use) the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. Tu’s team tested a 42 (collect) of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect. Their project got stuck. However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. Using a lower temperature 43 (draw) out the extract, she found a substance that worked.
According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. Upon hearing that she had been awarded 44 Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just 45 (I). There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country.”
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你的英国笔友Chris特别崇拜那些献身艺术的艺术家,也喜欢了解他们的艺术人生。请你用英文给他写一封信介绍我国著名舞蹈艺术家杨丽萍,内容包括:
1.人物简介;
2.艺术成就;
3.其他了解途径。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a Saturday. Whether it was sunny or cloudy, hot or cold, I cannot remember, but I do remember it was a Saturday because the mall was packed with people.
I was with my mom. Mom is short and skinny. It is easy to overlook her in a crowd simply because she is nothing extraordinary to see.
On that day, we wandered in the mall, peeking at fancy shops in fleeting(短暂的) glances, because we both knew we wouldn’t be buying much, like always.
I remember I was looking up at the people we passed as we walked. Ladies wore 5 inch heels(高跟鞋) that clicked on the floor and bright clothing. Men strode by smelling of sharp cologne(古龙香水), faces clear of wrinkles—wiped away with expensive creams.
An uneasy feeling started to settle in my chest. It got more unbearable with every second until I could deny it no longer: I was ashamed of my mother.
I could see the heavy lines around Mom’s eyes without luxurious lotions to ease them away. She wore cheap, ragged clothes. Her eyes were tired from working long hours to make ends meet and her hair was too gray for her age.
I looked at her, and I was ashamed. My mom is nothing extraordinary, yet at that moment she stood out because she was just so plain.
I didn’t want to be seen with her, though there was no one important around to see me anyway. Telling her I’d meet her at the clothes outlet around the corner, I hurried away to the bathroom. When I finally made my way to the outlet, I found that Mom wasn’t there. “She must be in some second hand store,” I thought to myself.
But I couldn’t have been more wrong. Mom was standing in the middle of a high end store, holding a sweater that looked much too expensive. “This will look good on you. Do you want it ”
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
It was much too expensive. And I almost agreed, carelessly, thoughtlessly.
Paragraph 2:
I was no longer ashamed of her, but of myself. “Do you want it ” my mom repeated.
阶段达标检测
Unit 1—Unit 2
1.A 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.B
8.B 9.C 10.C 11.A 12.D 13.B 14.D
15.B 16.E 17.D 18.F 19.A 20.C 21.B
22.C 23.A 24.D 25.C 26.B 27.D 28.D
29.B 30.C 31.D 32.A 33.D 34.C 35.A
36.whose 37.is thought 38.from 39.scientists 40.chosen 41.using 42.collection 43.to draw 44.the 45.mine
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了五名登上Boys’ Life杂志头条的青少年。
1.A 细节理解题。根据Thomas McWithey部分中的“For his Eagle Scout project...totaling more than 150 volunteer hours.”可知,Thomas McWithey花了很多时间做志愿者。故选A。
2.C 细节理解题。根据Chase Englehart部分中的“Chase sails for the Richmond Yacht Club.”可知,Chase Englehart参加了帆船运动比赛。故选C。
3.C 推理判断题。根据Alina Morse部分中的“As the youngest chief executive officer to be named to the Inc. 5000...on the cover of the magazine Entrepreneur[作为被提名为Inc. 5000(美国最成功的公司)的最年轻的首席执行官,以及《企业家》杂志封面人物中最年轻的人]”可推知Alina Morse荣登杂志头条凭借的是其卓越的商业成就。故选C。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了罗伯特·富尔顿的人生经历,他最初是一位画家,后来致力于研究蒸汽船的应用。
4.C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But like Henry Ford, Fulton’s talent...in the marketplace.”可知,亨利·福特的天赋不在于发明而在于产品在市场上的应用,故选C。
5.B 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In 1804, he tested the first...the United States two years later.”可知,1804年,富尔顿成功测试了第一艘潜水艇,这使得他在两年后一回到美国就成了名人,由此可推知他是在1806年在美国成名的,故选B。
6.A 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“...Fulton’s boat...was a hit. Within five years, Fulton was running services...and bringing in great profits.”可知,富尔顿的船受到了人们的欢迎,使富尔顿挣了很多钱,故选A。
7.B 主旨大意题。根据第一段可知,一位聪明的技术专家将蒸汽船变成了第一个商业蒸汽船服务系统。由第二段第一句可知,虽然富尔顿没有发明汽船,但他在使汽船旅行成为现实方面起了重要作用。由最后一段中的“...Fulton’s boat...was a hit...bringing in great profits.”可知富尔顿的船受到了人们的欢迎,让他赚了很多钱。综上所述,本文主要讲述了罗伯特·富尔顿将蒸汽船变成第一个商业蒸汽船服务系统的人生经历,故选B。
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了被爱的孩子更有自信,这就是我们所说的“拥抱理论”。缅因州温特波特的一位校长在学校走廊的墙上挂了一系列色彩鲜艳的、上面写着积极的自我鼓励的话的镜子,让学生们每天都能提醒自己的价值和能力,增强学生的自信。
8.B 推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句可知,作者认为孩子们需要爱,由此推断作者认为“拥抱理论”是合理的。故选B。
9.C 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句尤其是其中的“was inspired by a similar project she spotted online”可知,摩尔从一个在线项目中获得了自言自语的镜子的想法。故选C。
10.C 推理判断题。根据第四段尤其是其中的“the mirrors allow students...every single day”和“believe in yourself and love yourself”可知,提高孩子的自信心是挂上这些自言自语的镜子的目的。故选C。
11.A 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“mirrors with positive self talk phrases”和倒数第二段最后一句可知,在这个项目中,鼓舞人心的话被用来鼓励学生。故选A。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电动交通工具的益处与仍然存在的不足,同时说明了电力运输的未来前景。
12.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As more governments push...how we get from here to there.(随着越来越多的政府一再要求对气候变化采取紧急行动,相当多的公司押注于他们的未来——数百万消费者最终准备好接受电动汽车。现代电池驱动的汽车卖得很快,零排放的飞机即将问世。这些变化,都将带来一个更可持续的未来,正在重塑我们从这里到那里的方式。)”可知,许多公司转向开发并销售电动汽车是为了追求可持续发展。故选D。
13.B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Almost overnight, the era of the electric car has arrived.(几乎在一夜之间,电动汽车的时代已经到来。)”及“Global annual sales of electric vehicles...more than 100,000 of them.(到2025年,全球电动汽车的年销量预计将从目前的仅300多万辆飙升至1,400万辆。就在福特推出广受欢迎的F 150电动版一个月后,顾客就预订了10万多辆。)”可知,电动汽车越来越受欢迎。故选B。
14.D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“High storage batteries are useless...thousands of miles.(目前,高容量电池在将数百人发射到天空并携带他们飞行数千里的技术挑战方面毫无用处。)”及“Promising improvements, however, do add up.(然而,有希望的改进确实增加了。)”可知,本段作者强调电动飞机的未来前景。故选D。
15.B 句意猜测题。根据最后一段“Our planet’s health...common as air.(我们这个星球的健康取决于到2050年将二氧化碳排放归零,然而,根据应对气候挑战所需的时间表,从汽油动力汽车的转变仍然太慢。然而,火车已经离开了车站。总有一天,电动交通工具会像空气一样普遍。)”可知,作者说“火车已经离开了车站”是表明电力运输的使用已经起航,绿色交通正在发展中。故选B。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了做事高效的人的几个日常习惯。
16.E 过渡句。根据文章标题及后文几个小标题可知,本文主要介绍了几个有助于做事高效的好习惯。E项(看看这些天生做事高效的人所具有的习惯)符合语境,起到总领下文的作用,故选E。
17.D 细节句。根据本段小标题“Focus on being happier.(专注于变得更快乐。)”以及空后文“Even if a low mood...far less efficient.”可知情绪低落会使效率降低,由此可推知,反之更快乐的人工作效率更高,故D项符合文意。D项中的happier与本段小标题中的happier相对应。
18.F 细节句。根据空前的“You know...of exercise. (你知道运动有无数好处。)”以及空后的“Even 30 minute...and professional goals.(即使是每天三到四次30分钟的中高强度体育活动,对你实现你的个人目标和职业目标也有很大帮助。)”可知锻炼有好处,结合选项可知F项(它改善你的情绪,提高你的大脑的工作效率。)符合语境,承接上文说明锻炼的好处。F 项中的 It 指代空前句中的 exercise。
19.A 主旨句。根据其他几个小标题的位置可知设空处为本段小标题,也是本段的主旨句。本段主要说的是要适时休息,有的工作需要全身心地投入,会很累,如果不间断地工作下去效率会很低,这时我们的身心都需要休息。结合选项可知A项(有时休息一下。)符合本段主旨,故选A。A项中的Take breaks与后文中的“Take brief mental breaks.”相对应。
20.C 过渡句。根据前文可知人们认为同时做越多事越好;根据后文可知,事实上,同时做很多事时效率会降低。由此可知空前后为转折关系,说明情况与人们认为的正好相反,人们不应该同时做很多事情。结合选项可知C项符合语境,承接上文,对空前句进行否定,同时引出下文真实的情况,起到承上启下的作用。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了非洲著名建筑师Francis Kéré的故事。
21.B 根据下文“Growing up in a village where there was no kindergarten”可知,Francis Kéré出身贫寒,因此可推测他的建筑领域之路非常不顺利。A.激烈的;B.顺利的;C.合情合理的;D.有野心的。故选B。
22.C 根据下文“with over 100 students”可知,一个教室可容纳一百多名学生,所以此处讲他被塞进了一个有一百多名学生的非常热的教室。A.欺骗;B.说服;C.挤满;D.陪伴。故选C。
23.A 结合上下文语境可知,这段糟糕的建筑设施的经历促成了他利用建筑学为当地儿童提供更好的教育生活的远见卓识。A.视野,远见卓识;B.现实;C.资格;D.承诺。故选A。
24.D 根据上下文可知,他改善儿童教育生活的方式是设计更合适的建筑,所以此处讲他早年的名声来自大学毕业后在村里帮助设计的一所学校。A.改革;B.捐献;C.修复;D.设计。故选D。
25.C 根据下文“to provide ideas”和“The result of their hard work was a welcoming structure with a ‘floating’ roof”可推测村民们提出了自己的想法,而他们之所以能提出想法,应该是得到了Francis Kéré的鼓励。A.提醒;B.建议;C.鼓励;D.命令。故选C。
26.B 根据上文“to provide ideas and drew”可知,要建造房子,画的肯定是所提出想法的草图。A.情节;B.草图;C.样品;D.发现。故选B。
27.D 根据上文可知,他让村民们参与想法和草图制作,此处指还让他们参与实际的建造,语意上与上文存在递进关系。A.然而;B.否则;C.因此;D.此外。故选D。
28.D 根据上文“a ‘floating’ roof”可知,屋顶是“漂浮的”,为通风提供了便利,即允许良好的通风。A.妨碍,堵塞;B.影响;C.传送;D.允许。故选D。
29.B 根据下文“to learn even without electricity”可知,这个学校的建筑能提供充足的自然光。A.希望;B.光,光线;C.渴望;D.空气。故选B。
30.C 根据上文可知,这个在大家的想法中完成的建筑克服了气候因素等带来的挑战,即说明了一个道理:应对气候和其他困难的想法往往近在咫尺。A.发现;B.引起;C.应对;D.依赖;依靠。故选C。
31.D 根据下文“they could later use to find work”可知,在修建这所学校时村民们学到的技能很实用,可以在之后找工作时用上这些技能。A.学术的;B.物理的,身体的;C.有教育意义的;D.实用的。故选D。
32.A 根据下文“He 33 that everyone...education and climate”可知,他的想法和传统的想法不一样,所以是挑战了传统观点:气候问题的解决方案往往由大型机构牵头。A.向……发出挑战;B.宣称;C.形成;D.促进。故选A。
33.D 根据上文可知,Francis Kéré和村民们通过努力成功建造了一个受欢迎的学校建筑,这是证明每个人都能做出贡献的典例。A.否认;B.怀疑;C.保证;D.证明。故选D。
34.C 句意:他证明了每个人都可以为解决与教育和气候有关的重大问题做出贡献,并通过在当地采取行动来产生全球性的影响。A.评估;B.进入;C.产生;D.目睹。故选C。
35.A 句意:几十个国家的建筑师都采用了他的创新,现在他的创新植根于每个社区“独特”的一面。根据上文可知,Francis Kéré和村民们通过努力建造出来的学校是建筑行业的一项创新。A.创新;B.期待;C.专利权;D.职业。故选A。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了屠呦呦获得诺贝尔奖的事迹,并简单介绍了她研制青蒿素的过程。
36.whose 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,逗号前为主句,“ 36 research led to the discovery of artemisinin”为定语从句,修饰先行词Tu Youyou,关系词在从句中作定语修饰名词research,应用关系代词whose引导定语从句。
37.is thought 考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。分析句子可知,Artemisinin为主语,是单数,and连接前后两个谓语动词,提示词与主语Artemisinin之间是被动关系,且陈述一般事实,应用一般现在时,故填is thought。
38.from 考查介词。graduate from从……毕业。
39.scientists 考查名词复数。空前为“a team of”,意为“一队……”,故此处要用名词的复数形式,故填scientists。
40.chosen 考查过去分词。句中已有谓语,设空处应用非谓语动词形式。设空处作后置定语修饰名词researchers,与其逻辑主语researchers之间为被动关系,应用过去分词作定语,故填chosen。
41.using 考查动名词。suggest doing sth.为固定搭配,意为“建议做某事”。故填using。
42.collection 考查名词。根据空前的不定冠词a和空后的of可知设空处应用名词且应用其单数形式,故填collection。
43.to draw 考查动词不定式。根据句意可知,“ 43 (draw) out the extract”是“Using a lower temperature”的目的,用动词不定式表示目的。
44.the 考查冠词。“诺贝尔奖”是专有名词,表特指,应用定冠词the限定,故填the。
45.mine 考查代词。此处表示“我的荣誉”,作表语,应用名词性物主代词mine。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Chris,
Knowing that you admire those artists who devote their lives to the arts and that you’re interested in their stories, I’m writing to recommend Yang Liping, a famous Chinese artist.
Actually, Yang showed special talent for dancing from an early age, and her inspiration mainly came from the dance style of the Dai nationality. She is known for her peacock dance so she is called the “Peacock Princess”.
I’ll send you some videos about Yang Liping, from which you will learn more about her.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
It was much too expensive. And I almost agreed, carelessly, thoughtlessly. Then I took a closer look at the small, weary woman with a big smile stretching across her narrow face and a shiny sweater in her rough hands, happy to be giving me something so nice, and my words died in my throat. Her clothes were tattered and old because she spent her money buying me new ones. She looked so tired and ragged all the time because she was busy working to provide for me. She didn’t wear jewelry or scented perfumes because she spent all she had on me.
Paragraph 2:
I was no longer ashamed of her, but of myself. “Do you want it ”my mom repeated. “No, thanks,” I responded, hardly containing my tears and the strangled voice. “It’s not worth it.” I wanted to confide to Mom: it’s not worth the hard earned money and it’s not worth buying it for her daughter who should be ashamed of a plain looking yet devoted mother. Holding Mom’s rough but warm hands tightly, I was determined secretly to buy a delicate sweater for her. Mom is more than extraordinary in my eyes.
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步
阶段达标检测
Unit 1—Unit 2
全卷满分120分 考试用时100分钟
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Boys’ Life Headliners
Thomas McWithey
Age: 19
Hometown: Yorktown, Virginia
Scout Rank: Eagle Scout (Troop 306, Yorktown)
Made Headlines: For being honored at the U.S.Department of the Interior with the 2018 George and Helen Hartzog Award for Outstanding Volunteer Service, in which Thomas received the Youth Volunteer Award. For his Eagle Scout project, Thomas led his troop in the construction and installation of 15 bluebird nest boxes at the park, totaling more than 150 volunteer hours.
Chase Englehart
Age: 15
Hometown: Lafayette, Louisiana
Scout Rank: Star Scout (Troop 200, Lafayette)
Made Headlines: For winning the 2019 El Toro North American Championship in Kaneohe, Hawaii, in the junior division. Chase sails for the Richmond Yacht Club in Point Richmond, California.
Hayes Etue
Age: 10
Hometown: Nashville, Tennessee
Scout Rank: Bear Scout (Pack 555, Nashville)
Made Headlines: By placing third in his age bracket at the 2019 HEAT (Hendersonville Endurance Athletic Team) Kids Triathlon Junior Race. The race involved a 50 yard pool swim, 2 mile bike ride and 1 mile run.
Dylan Powers
Age: 19
Hometown: Wrentham, Massachusetts
Scout Rank: Eagle Scout (Troop 13, Wrentham)
Made Headlines: For winning the Integrated Marketing Campaign—Service competition at the 2019 DECA International Career Development Conference, along with partner Anthony Bozza. DECA works with students to prepare for careers in marketing, finance and management.
Alina Morse
Age: 14
Hometown: Detroit, Michigan
Made Headlines: As the youngest chief executive officer to be named to the Inc. 5000 (America’s most successful companies), as well as the youngest person to be featured on the cover of the magazine Entrepreneur, Alina has also spoken at the New York Stock Exchange, done a TED Talk and much more.
1.Who spent a lot of time serving as a volunteer
A.Thomas McWithey.
B.Chase Englehart.
C.Dylan Powers.
D.Hayes Etue.
2.What is special about Chase Englehart
A.He specializes in marketing.
B.He swam, cycled and ran in the race.
C.He took part in a sailing competition.
D.He is the youngest winner of the competition.
3.What made Alina Morse a headliner
A.Her great sailing skills.
B.Her high scores in the race.
C.Her business achievements.
D.Her contributions to the environment.
B
A clever technologist used steamboat inventions and turned them into the first commercial steamboat service.
Although Robert Fulton did not invent the steamboat,as is commonly believed, he played an important role in making steamboat travel a reality. He was born in Pennsylvania in 1765. As a young man, he set out to make his name as a portrait painter. His career took him to Europe and into the orbit of people with the power to support him politically and financially.
Fulton entered London society after he painted Benjamin Franklin’s portrait. While abroad, Fulton left the arts for a career in shipbuilding. He was interested in the recently invented steam engine, and thought it could be used to power ships. Fulton’s vision was not original; many others had entered the field, and the unfortunate inventor John Fitch had built a working steamship already. But like Henry Ford, Fulton’s talent lay not in the invention but in the product’s application in the marketplace.
Fulton didn’t focus entirely on the steamboat. In 1804, he tested the first submarine successfully, which he had built for the British Royal Navy. His invention made him a celebrity upon his return to the United States two years later. Fulton’s partner Robert Livingston obtained an exclusive license for steamboat services on New York’s Hudson River. It was time for Fulton to deliver.
To build an efficient, reliable steamboat, Fulton used a special English steam engine. The ship’s bottom was flat and its stern was square. The steamboat Clermont made its debut (首次亮相) on August 17, 1807, steaming on the river from New York to Albany, and it soon entered commercial services. The hilly terrain of New York made water transport faster than land transport, and Fulton’s boat—formerly known as the “North River Steamboat”—was a hit. Within five years, Fulton was running services on six major rivers plus the Chesapeake Bay, and bringing in great profits.
4.What can be inferred from Paragraph 3
A.Henry Ford was as unfortunate as John Fitch.
B.Fulton left the arts as he couldn’t support himself.
C.Henry Ford was talented in the product’s application.
D.Fulton was the first to create a working steamship.
5.When did Fulton become a celebrity in the United States
A.In 1804. B.In 1806. C.In 1807. D.In 1812.
6.What is mentioned about Clermont
A.It earned Fulton much money.
B.It operated for five years.
C.It had an American steam engine.
D.It was not accepted by people at first.
7.What’s the best title for the text
A.Robert Fulton:A Great Inventor
B.Robert Fulton and His Steamboat
C.Steamboats Changing Water Transport
D.The History of Commercial Steamboats
C
Recently I read a passage saying that kids need 12 hugs a day. The idea is that kids who are hugged that much are probably being shown and told how valuable they are. And let’s face it. Not all kids get the same loving kindness at home, which affects their ability to lead full lives not just at home, but also in school. After all, when kids lack love, how can we expect them to do well in school
That’s the question one school principal in Winterport, Maine recently wondered. Her brilliant solution Self talk mirrors.
Several weeks ago, a series of brightly colored mirrors with positive self talk phrases appeared on the walls throughout the Leroy H. Smith School in Winterport. The elementary school’s principal, Dawn Moore, was inspired by a similar project she spotted online that aimed to promote different kinds of learners. Moore took this idea, adjusted it, and now it’s the talk of the town.
Moore says the mirrors allow students to literally remind themselves of their worth and their abilities every single day. “It is not reflective of how you did in class,” she says, “but reflective of whom you are and what you can be if you believe in yourself and love yourself.”
The mirrors all hang at eye level with the students and were fixed in common spaces throughout the halls. And so far, the experiment has been a huge success with both kids and teachers. The hope is that they will remain a permanent fixture in the school.
What do the kids think of this project At first, the students loved looking and making faces and silly actions but after the novelty of “look at me” was over, many students have been observed looking at themselves, proudly, reading the sentence above the mirror.
The staff at the Leroy H. Smith School plan to mix up the messages every few weeks in order to keep things fresh.
8.What does the author think of the “hug theory”
A.Absurd. B.Reasonable.
C.Doubtful. D.Traditional.
9.How did Moore get the idea of self talk mirrors
A.She got inspired from her mirror.
B.Her staff made suggestions for her.
C.It was adopted from an online project.
D.She used the children’s natural love for beauty.
10.What is the purpose of self talk mirrors
A.To improve students’ speaking skills.
B.To make the school more beautiful.
C.To improve children’s self confidence.
D.To let kids pay attention to their appearance.
11.What is used to encourage students in the project
A.Inspiring words. B.The school’s awards.
C.Teachers’ encouragement. D.Other children’s admiration.
D
With nearly a quarter of global greenhouse gas coming from all types of transportation, can we keep ourselves off gas powered vehicles to avoid the worst effects As more governments push for urgent action on climate change, quite a few companies are betting their future—that millions of consumers are finally ready for electric powered vehicles. Modern battery powered cars are selling fast and zero emission (排放) planes are coming. These changes, both leading to a more sustainable future, are reinventing how we get from here to there.
Cars and trucks have undergone their greatest improvement since the automobile’s existence more than a century ago. Almost overnight, the era of the electric car has arrived. Electricity has the advantage that it works without smell and with less noise. Global annual sales of electric vehicles are expected to soar from just over 3 million today to 14 million by 2025. Just a month after Ford unveiled an electric version of the popular F 150, customers had reserved more than 100,000 of them. The price is about $10,000 above the gas powered one, but Ford says the electric model will cost much less to maintain. Everything creating a green revolution on the ground is of limited help in the sky for the time being.
High storage batteries are useless at present when it comes to the technological challenge of launching a few hundred people into the sky and carrying them thousands of miles. No battery yet invented can power, say, a Boeing 747 from New York to London. Promising improvements, however, do add up. Developments with zero emission, battery powered electric engines are already happening in commercial flights, involving trips of limited duration and distance. Airlines specializing in short journeys with small planes will lead the way to electric flights.
Our planet’s health depends on zeroing out carbon dioxide emissions by 2050, and yet, by the timetable needed to address the climate challenge, the shift away from gas powered vehicles remains far too slow. Nevertheless, the train has left the station. Someday, electric powered transportation will be as common as air.
12.Why are many companies switching to electric powered vehicles
A.To reinvent the way we travel.
B.To cut the costs of car production.
C.To improve the quality of products.
D.To pursue sustainable development.
13.What do we know about the electric car
A.It came into use a century ago.
B.It enjoys increasing popularity.
C.It sells better than the traditional one.
D.It costs less than the gas powered one.
14.What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 3
A.To show the disadvantages of battery power.
B.To emphasize the significance of short flights.
C.To state the developments of commercial flights.
D.To stress the future prospects of electric planes.
15.What does the author mean by saying “the train has left the station”
A.Train transportation has improved.
B.Green transportation is on its way.
C.The electric train is running regularly.
D.The gas powered train has become the past.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Daily Habits of Naturally Productive People
When it comes to being more efficient at your job, you know the basics. But research shows a whole new side of productivity you may not have realized. 16
Focus on being happier.
17 Even if a low mood does not completely disable you from functioning, it can decrease your productivity to make you far less efficient. Also, don’t hesitate to seek help. Not only will this help you achieve a more stable work life balance, but a new outlook can also open you up to new opportunities and necessary changes.
Prioritize fitness.
You know the countless benefits of exercise. 18 Even 30 minute moderate to high physical activity just three to four times a day can go a long way in helping you accomplish your personal and professional goals. If you’re really not a fan of the gym, join a group class to keep yourself motivated.
19
Pressing pause is important. Studies show that prolonged tasks that require high levels of focus, energy, and attention can cause you to become less productive and focused over time. Take brief mental breaks. When we take “healthy breaks”, we are much more focused and engaged in our next work; in contrast, when we try to work continually on a project without breaks, our quality of work tends to deteriorate.
Don’t try to do everything at once.
People believe the more we can do at once, the better. 20 In fact, the more we multitask, the less efficient and productive we become. Instead, to increase productivity, focus on one task at a time until it’s completed and then give all of your attention to the next task.
A.Take breaks at times.
B.Make productivity first.
C.However, research shows the opposite.
D.Studies find happier people are more productive.
E.Have a look at these habits of naturally productive people.
F.It improves your mood and increases your brain’s productivity.
G.Research shows that daylight improves your levels of activity.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Francis Kéré is the first African to win the Pritzker Architecture Prize, known as the Nobel Prize in Architecture. However, his journey to the peak of his field was far from 21 . Growing up in a village where there was no kindergarten, he was 22 into an extremely hot classroom with over 100 students. At the age of 7, Francis Kéré had to leave his family home to attend school because his village didn’t have one of its own. This experience of poor building facilities contributed to his 23 of better educational lives of local children, using architecture. Thirteen years later, he boarded a plane for Germany on a scholarship to study architecture.
His early reputation came in helping 24 a school in his village after graduating from college. He 25 the whole village to provide ideas and drew the 26 on sand for all to see. 27 , he involved them in constructing the school, using local wood and local clay(黏土).
The result of their hard work was a welcoming structure with a “floating” roof that 28 ventilation(通风)in a hot climate and wall openings that bring 29 for students to learn even without electricity. He showed the villagers that ideas to 30 climate or other challenges are always at hand.
In this process, local people learned 31 skills that they could later use to find work. By cooperating with them, Kéré 32 the idea that climate solutions started with big institutions. He 33 that everyone could contribute to addressing the major issues related to education and climate and 34 a global impact by acting locally.
Adopted by architects in dozens of countries, his 35 is rooted in the “unique” aspects of each community now.
21.A.intense B.smooth C.reasonable D.ambitious
22.A.tricked B.persuaded C.crowded D.accompanied
23.A.vision B.reality C.qualification D.commitment
24.A.reform B.donate C.restore D.design
25.A.reminded B.advised C.encouraged D.commanded
26.A.plot B.draft C.sample D.finding
27.A.However B.Otherwise C.Therefore D.Moreover
28.A.blocks B.affects C.conveys D.allows
29.A.hope B.light C.desire D.air
30.A.find out B.bring about C.deal with D.depend on
31.A.academic B.physical C.educational D.practical
32.A.challenged B.declared C.formed D.promoted
33.A.denied B.suspected C.guaranteed D.demonstrated
34.A.assess B.access C.generate D.witness
35.A.innovation B.expectation C.patent D.career
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine had been awarded to Tu Youyou, 36 research led to the discovery of artemisinin. Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and 37 (think) to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.
Tu Youyou was born in Ningbo, China, in December 1930 and graduated 38 Peking University Medical School in 1955. In 1967,the Chinese government formed a team of 39 (scientist) with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was one of the researchers 40 (choose).
One medical text from the fourth century suggested 41 (use) the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. Tu’s team tested a 42 (collect) of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect. Their project got stuck. However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. Using a lower temperature 43 (draw) out the extract, she found a substance that worked.
According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. Upon hearing that she had been awarded 44 Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just 45 (I). There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country.”
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你的英国笔友Chris特别崇拜那些献身艺术的艺术家,也喜欢了解他们的艺术人生。请你用英文给他写一封信介绍我国著名舞蹈艺术家杨丽萍,内容包括:
1.人物简介;
2.艺术成就;
3.其他了解途径。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a Saturday. Whether it was sunny or cloudy, hot or cold, I cannot remember, but I do remember it was a Saturday because the mall was packed with people.
I was with my mom. Mom is short and skinny. It is easy to overlook her in a crowd simply because she is nothing extraordinary to see.
On that day, we wandered in the mall, peeking at fancy shops in fleeting(短暂的) glances, because we both knew we wouldn’t be buying much, like always.
I remember I was looking up at the people we passed as we walked. Ladies wore 5 inch heels(高跟鞋) that clicked on the floor and bright clothing. Men strode by smelling of sharp cologne(古龙香水), faces clear of wrinkles—wiped away with expensive creams.
An uneasy feeling started to settle in my chest. It got more unbearable with every second until I could deny it no longer: I was ashamed of my mother.
I could see the heavy lines around Mom’s eyes without luxurious lotions to ease them away. She wore cheap, ragged clothes. Her eyes were tired from working long hours to make ends meet and her hair was too gray for her age.
I looked at her, and I was ashamed. My mom is nothing extraordinary, yet at that moment she stood out because she was just so plain.
I didn’t want to be seen with her, though there was no one important around to see me anyway. Telling her I’d meet her at the clothes outlet around the corner, I hurried away to the bathroom. When I finally made my way to the outlet, I found that Mom wasn’t there. “She must be in some second hand store,” I thought to myself.
But I couldn’t have been more wrong. Mom was standing in the middle of a high end store, holding a sweater that looked much too expensive. “This will look good on you. Do you want it ”
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
It was much too expensive. And I almost agreed, carelessly, thoughtlessly.
Paragraph 2:
I was no longer ashamed of her, but of myself. “Do you want it ” my mom repeated.
阶段达标检测
Unit 1—Unit 2
1.A 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.B
8.B 9.C 10.C 11.A 12.D 13.B 14.D
15.B 16.E 17.D 18.F 19.A 20.C 21.B
22.C 23.A 24.D 25.C 26.B 27.D 28.D
29.B 30.C 31.D 32.A 33.D 34.C 35.A
36.whose 37.is thought 38.from 39.scientists 40.chosen 41.using 42.collection 43.to draw 44.the 45.mine
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了五名登上Boys’ Life杂志头条的青少年。
1.A 细节理解题。根据Thomas McWithey部分中的“For his Eagle Scout project...totaling more than 150 volunteer hours.”可知,Thomas McWithey花了很多时间做志愿者。故选A。
2.C 细节理解题。根据Chase Englehart部分中的“Chase sails for the Richmond Yacht Club.”可知,Chase Englehart参加了帆船运动比赛。故选C。
3.C 推理判断题。根据Alina Morse部分中的“As the youngest chief executive officer to be named to the Inc. 5000...on the cover of the magazine Entrepreneur[作为被提名为Inc. 5000(美国最成功的公司)的最年轻的首席执行官,以及《企业家》杂志封面人物中最年轻的人]”可推知Alina Morse荣登杂志头条凭借的是其卓越的商业成就。故选C。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了罗伯特·富尔顿的人生经历,他最初是一位画家,后来致力于研究蒸汽船的应用。
4.C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But like Henry Ford, Fulton’s talent...in the marketplace.”可知,亨利·福特的天赋不在于发明而在于产品在市场上的应用,故选C。
5.B 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In 1804, he tested the first...the United States two years later.”可知,1804年,富尔顿成功测试了第一艘潜水艇,这使得他在两年后一回到美国就成了名人,由此可推知他是在1806年在美国成名的,故选B。
6.A 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“...Fulton’s boat...was a hit. Within five years, Fulton was running services...and bringing in great profits.”可知,富尔顿的船受到了人们的欢迎,使富尔顿挣了很多钱,故选A。
7.B 主旨大意题。根据第一段可知,一位聪明的技术专家将蒸汽船变成了第一个商业蒸汽船服务系统。由第二段第一句可知,虽然富尔顿没有发明汽船,但他在使汽船旅行成为现实方面起了重要作用。由最后一段中的“...Fulton’s boat...was a hit...bringing in great profits.”可知富尔顿的船受到了人们的欢迎,让他赚了很多钱。综上所述,本文主要讲述了罗伯特·富尔顿将蒸汽船变成第一个商业蒸汽船服务系统的人生经历,故选B。
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了被爱的孩子更有自信,这就是我们所说的“拥抱理论”。缅因州温特波特的一位校长在学校走廊的墙上挂了一系列色彩鲜艳的、上面写着积极的自我鼓励的话的镜子,让学生们每天都能提醒自己的价值和能力,增强学生的自信。
8.B 推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句可知,作者认为孩子们需要爱,由此推断作者认为“拥抱理论”是合理的。故选B。
9.C 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句尤其是其中的“was inspired by a similar project she spotted online”可知,摩尔从一个在线项目中获得了自言自语的镜子的想法。故选C。
10.C 推理判断题。根据第四段尤其是其中的“the mirrors allow students...every single day”和“believe in yourself and love yourself”可知,提高孩子的自信心是挂上这些自言自语的镜子的目的。故选C。
11.A 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“mirrors with positive self talk phrases”和倒数第二段最后一句可知,在这个项目中,鼓舞人心的话被用来鼓励学生。故选A。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电动交通工具的益处与仍然存在的不足,同时说明了电力运输的未来前景。
12.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As more governments push...how we get from here to there.(随着越来越多的政府一再要求对气候变化采取紧急行动,相当多的公司押注于他们的未来——数百万消费者最终准备好接受电动汽车。现代电池驱动的汽车卖得很快,零排放的飞机即将问世。这些变化,都将带来一个更可持续的未来,正在重塑我们从这里到那里的方式。)”可知,许多公司转向开发并销售电动汽车是为了追求可持续发展。故选D。
13.B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Almost overnight, the era of the electric car has arrived.(几乎在一夜之间,电动汽车的时代已经到来。)”及“Global annual sales of electric vehicles...more than 100,000 of them.(到2025年,全球电动汽车的年销量预计将从目前的仅300多万辆飙升至1,400万辆。就在福特推出广受欢迎的F 150电动版一个月后,顾客就预订了10万多辆。)”可知,电动汽车越来越受欢迎。故选B。
14.D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“High storage batteries are useless...thousands of miles.(目前,高容量电池在将数百人发射到天空并携带他们飞行数千里的技术挑战方面毫无用处。)”及“Promising improvements, however, do add up.(然而,有希望的改进确实增加了。)”可知,本段作者强调电动飞机的未来前景。故选D。
15.B 句意猜测题。根据最后一段“Our planet’s health...common as air.(我们这个星球的健康取决于到2050年将二氧化碳排放归零,然而,根据应对气候挑战所需的时间表,从汽油动力汽车的转变仍然太慢。然而,火车已经离开了车站。总有一天,电动交通工具会像空气一样普遍。)”可知,作者说“火车已经离开了车站”是表明电力运输的使用已经起航,绿色交通正在发展中。故选B。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了做事高效的人的几个日常习惯。
16.E 过渡句。根据文章标题及后文几个小标题可知,本文主要介绍了几个有助于做事高效的好习惯。E项(看看这些天生做事高效的人所具有的习惯)符合语境,起到总领下文的作用,故选E。
17.D 细节句。根据本段小标题“Focus on being happier.(专注于变得更快乐。)”以及空后文“Even if a low mood...far less efficient.”可知情绪低落会使效率降低,由此可推知,反之更快乐的人工作效率更高,故D项符合文意。D项中的happier与本段小标题中的happier相对应。
18.F 细节句。根据空前的“You know...of exercise. (你知道运动有无数好处。)”以及空后的“Even 30 minute...and professional goals.(即使是每天三到四次30分钟的中高强度体育活动,对你实现你的个人目标和职业目标也有很大帮助。)”可知锻炼有好处,结合选项可知F项(它改善你的情绪,提高你的大脑的工作效率。)符合语境,承接上文说明锻炼的好处。F 项中的 It 指代空前句中的 exercise。
19.A 主旨句。根据其他几个小标题的位置可知设空处为本段小标题,也是本段的主旨句。本段主要说的是要适时休息,有的工作需要全身心地投入,会很累,如果不间断地工作下去效率会很低,这时我们的身心都需要休息。结合选项可知A项(有时休息一下。)符合本段主旨,故选A。A项中的Take breaks与后文中的“Take brief mental breaks.”相对应。
20.C 过渡句。根据前文可知人们认为同时做越多事越好;根据后文可知,事实上,同时做很多事时效率会降低。由此可知空前后为转折关系,说明情况与人们认为的正好相反,人们不应该同时做很多事情。结合选项可知C项符合语境,承接上文,对空前句进行否定,同时引出下文真实的情况,起到承上启下的作用。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了非洲著名建筑师Francis Kéré的故事。
21.B 根据下文“Growing up in a village where there was no kindergarten”可知,Francis Kéré出身贫寒,因此可推测他的建筑领域之路非常不顺利。A.激烈的;B.顺利的;C.合情合理的;D.有野心的。故选B。
22.C 根据下文“with over 100 students”可知,一个教室可容纳一百多名学生,所以此处讲他被塞进了一个有一百多名学生的非常热的教室。A.欺骗;B.说服;C.挤满;D.陪伴。故选C。
23.A 结合上下文语境可知,这段糟糕的建筑设施的经历促成了他利用建筑学为当地儿童提供更好的教育生活的远见卓识。A.视野,远见卓识;B.现实;C.资格;D.承诺。故选A。
24.D 根据上下文可知,他改善儿童教育生活的方式是设计更合适的建筑,所以此处讲他早年的名声来自大学毕业后在村里帮助设计的一所学校。A.改革;B.捐献;C.修复;D.设计。故选D。
25.C 根据下文“to provide ideas”和“The result of their hard work was a welcoming structure with a ‘floating’ roof”可推测村民们提出了自己的想法,而他们之所以能提出想法,应该是得到了Francis Kéré的鼓励。A.提醒;B.建议;C.鼓励;D.命令。故选C。
26.B 根据上文“to provide ideas and drew”可知,要建造房子,画的肯定是所提出想法的草图。A.情节;B.草图;C.样品;D.发现。故选B。
27.D 根据上文可知,他让村民们参与想法和草图制作,此处指还让他们参与实际的建造,语意上与上文存在递进关系。A.然而;B.否则;C.因此;D.此外。故选D。
28.D 根据上文“a ‘floating’ roof”可知,屋顶是“漂浮的”,为通风提供了便利,即允许良好的通风。A.妨碍,堵塞;B.影响;C.传送;D.允许。故选D。
29.B 根据下文“to learn even without electricity”可知,这个学校的建筑能提供充足的自然光。A.希望;B.光,光线;C.渴望;D.空气。故选B。
30.C 根据上文可知,这个在大家的想法中完成的建筑克服了气候因素等带来的挑战,即说明了一个道理:应对气候和其他困难的想法往往近在咫尺。A.发现;B.引起;C.应对;D.依赖;依靠。故选C。
31.D 根据下文“they could later use to find work”可知,在修建这所学校时村民们学到的技能很实用,可以在之后找工作时用上这些技能。A.学术的;B.物理的,身体的;C.有教育意义的;D.实用的。故选D。
32.A 根据下文“He 33 that everyone...education and climate”可知,他的想法和传统的想法不一样,所以是挑战了传统观点:气候问题的解决方案往往由大型机构牵头。A.向……发出挑战;B.宣称;C.形成;D.促进。故选A。
33.D 根据上文可知,Francis Kéré和村民们通过努力成功建造了一个受欢迎的学校建筑,这是证明每个人都能做出贡献的典例。A.否认;B.怀疑;C.保证;D.证明。故选D。
34.C 句意:他证明了每个人都可以为解决与教育和气候有关的重大问题做出贡献,并通过在当地采取行动来产生全球性的影响。A.评估;B.进入;C.产生;D.目睹。故选C。
35.A 句意:几十个国家的建筑师都采用了他的创新,现在他的创新植根于每个社区“独特”的一面。根据上文可知,Francis Kéré和村民们通过努力建造出来的学校是建筑行业的一项创新。A.创新;B.期待;C.专利权;D.职业。故选A。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了屠呦呦获得诺贝尔奖的事迹,并简单介绍了她研制青蒿素的过程。
36.whose 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,逗号前为主句,“ 36 research led to the discovery of artemisinin”为定语从句,修饰先行词Tu Youyou,关系词在从句中作定语修饰名词research,应用关系代词whose引导定语从句。
37.is thought 考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。分析句子可知,Artemisinin为主语,是单数,and连接前后两个谓语动词,提示词与主语Artemisinin之间是被动关系,且陈述一般事实,应用一般现在时,故填is thought。
38.from 考查介词。graduate from从……毕业。
39.scientists 考查名词复数。空前为“a team of”,意为“一队……”,故此处要用名词的复数形式,故填scientists。
40.chosen 考查过去分词。句中已有谓语,设空处应用非谓语动词形式。设空处作后置定语修饰名词researchers,与其逻辑主语researchers之间为被动关系,应用过去分词作定语,故填chosen。
41.using 考查动名词。suggest doing sth.为固定搭配,意为“建议做某事”。故填using。
42.collection 考查名词。根据空前的不定冠词a和空后的of可知设空处应用名词且应用其单数形式,故填collection。
43.to draw 考查动词不定式。根据句意可知,“ 43 (draw) out the extract”是“Using a lower temperature”的目的,用动词不定式表示目的。
44.the 考查冠词。“诺贝尔奖”是专有名词,表特指,应用定冠词the限定,故填the。
45.mine 考查代词。此处表示“我的荣誉”,作表语,应用名词性物主代词mine。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Chris,
Knowing that you admire those artists who devote their lives to the arts and that you’re interested in their stories, I’m writing to recommend Yang Liping, a famous Chinese artist.
Actually, Yang showed special talent for dancing from an early age, and her inspiration mainly came from the dance style of the Dai nationality. She is known for her peacock dance so she is called the “Peacock Princess”.
I’ll send you some videos about Yang Liping, from which you will learn more about her.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
It was much too expensive. And I almost agreed, carelessly, thoughtlessly. Then I took a closer look at the small, weary woman with a big smile stretching across her narrow face and a shiny sweater in her rough hands, happy to be giving me something so nice, and my words died in my throat. Her clothes were tattered and old because she spent her money buying me new ones. She looked so tired and ragged all the time because she was busy working to provide for me. She didn’t wear jewelry or scented perfumes because she spent all she had on me.
Paragraph 2:
I was no longer ashamed of her, but of myself. “Do you want it ”my mom repeated. “No, thanks,” I responded, hardly containing my tears and the strangled voice. “It’s not worth it.” I wanted to confide to Mom: it’s not worth the hard earned money and it’s not worth buying it for her daughter who should be ashamed of a plain looking yet devoted mother. Holding Mom’s rough but warm hands tightly, I was determined secretly to buy a delicate sweater for her. Mom is more than extraordinary in my eyes.
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