2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步练习--Unit 3 Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步
Unit 3　War and peace
Part 1　Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The significance of 　　　　(纪念的) days goes far beyond celebrations.
2.The bad weather conditions forced the pilot to make an emergency 　　　　(着陆).
3.In fact, we have made 　　　　(杰出的) achievements in educational, economic and cultural development since we implemented the reform and opening up policy.
4.Our ambitious o　　　　 is to prevent and control air pollution, thus making our skies clear again.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.She turned around 　　　　　horror at the sight of so much blood.
2.Jim’s spoken English is so poor that we can 　　　　　(bare) understand what he means.
3.A few years ago, the poor kid was living in poverty, surrounded by criminals and 　　　　　(violent).
4.To free ourselves 　　　　　physical and mental tension, we all need deep thought and inner quietness.
5.I can recall 　　　　　(get) many precious gifts from my grandparents on my birthdays and many other occasions.
6.As we know, this famous 　　　　　(command) played an important role in 　　　　　(liberate) the city.
7.The celebrity went to rescue a 　　　　　(drown) child regardless of his personal safety.
Ⅲ.选词填空
make it; prepare for; have full confidence in; at dawn
　　Over the past year, my students have been busy 1.　　　　　　the National College Entrance Examination. Some of them start study 2.　　　　　　, and some of them study late into the night. Although the competition for this examination is very fierce, I 3.　　　　　　my students’ abilities. I believe that with their efforts, they will 4.　　　　　　 to their ideal university.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.昨晚发生的地震对当地的人们来说简直是一场灾难。
The earthquake that happened last night was　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 for the local people.
2.在野外睡觉是如此恐怖,以至于我们忍不住回忆起家里的床。(horror)
Sleeping in the wild was　　　　 　　　　 　　　　that we couldn’t help　　　　the beds at home.(读后续写—情感描写)
3.随着她进入礼堂,所有的观众都起立,热烈地鼓掌。(with的复合结构)
　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, all the audience stood up and clapped enthusiastically. (读后续写—动作描写)
4.If time permits, we can have a walk around the playground after supper.(句型转换:独立主格结构)
→　　　　 　　　　, we can have a walk around the playground after supper.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
　　By spring 1944, the Second World War 　1　(rage) across the globe for about five years. The D Day landings were the largest 　2　(combine) sea, air and land operation in history. An order 　3　(issue) by Supreme Allied Commander General Eisenhower. 　4　 dawn on 6 June, thousands landed by parachute behind enemy lines in northern France. The fiercest fighting was at Omaha Beach. The enemy 　5　(be) hiding, ready 　6　(attack) the Allied soldiers. Boats were hit and men drowned, while those who did make 　7　 to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire. But, despite the high cost in human life, the D Day landings were a success. Seventy years later, 　8　(survive) who had fought on D Day gathered on both sides of the English Channel, 　9　 people were coming together for memorial ceremonies. Although each year they are 　10　(few) in number, their outstanding acts of courage mean that we will always remember them.
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2023辽宁六校联考)
　　During the 1910s, the Great War broke out. A 25 year old American soldier, probably never thought that his life would change forever when he volunteered to go to France.
One night while the American troops were returning to the base after a bloody fight, Suleyman stumbled to the ground and noticed a bit of movement from the bush. Being stuck between two choices either an enemy or an animal, Suleyman found a five year old girl from the bush trembling with cold and utmost horror. Due to the atrocity of the war, the girl was abandoned by her family and the whole village was killed.
During the war, it was impossible to find the child’s family so Suleyman took this little French girl under his wings and gave her an American name Flora which meant the flower. Soon, Flora became the apple of the eye of everyone living in the army camp.
For one and a half years, Flora and Suleyman became inseparable; however, every fairy tale came to an end. When the war ended, Suleyman was sent back to the USA, while Flora was put in an orphanage, the Normandy School, which was founded by the American government for orphaned French children to have an education.
For years, Suleyman always thought about Flora. When the French National Olympic Team was playing in the Summer Olympics in Los Angeles in 1984, Suleyman gazed through the audience on TV, hoping to catch a glimpse of Flora, but he never could.
At the age of 85, Suleyman attended the 60th anniversary reception of the Great War where Suleyman shared his story with American and French officials. After hearing his story, a French journalist started to investigate the story, and all government files were read in detail. The moment the journalist helped dial the number, in tears, Flora said Suleyman was her hero, and everything came flooding back to her.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1.What does the underlined word “atrocity” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Cruelty. B.Challenge. C.Range. D.Stress.
2.Why did Suleyman watch the 1984 Summer Olympics
A.Because Flora might be in the French team.
B.Because Suleyman was greatly interested in sports.
C.Because Flora might be watching the event.
D.Because Suleyman wanted to travel to Los Angeles.
3.What can we learn from the passage
A.Flora and Suleyman became attached to each other.
B.Flora was sent to an orphanage called Normandy.
C.Suleyman found some animals in the bush.
D.Suleyman would never see Flora again.
4.Which can serve as the best possible title for the text
A.A Tough Flower in the War B.The Influence of the War
C.The Lost and Found Love D.The Apple of the Father’s Eye
B
(2022河南商丘市第一高级中学月考)
　　On January 26,1945, Audie Murphy and some 40 U.S. troops sat shaking in the cold near the Alsatian town of Holtzwihr. Just after 2 p.m., the stillness of winter was suddenly broken. In the distance, some 250 German troops and 6 tanks emerged from the woods.
At just 19 years old, the baby faced Texan had already won two Silver Stars and the Distinguished Service Cross, and he was leading men 10 years his senior into battle.
Murphy knew that his men stood no chance against so large a force, so he instructed most of them to withdraw to pre prepared defensive positions along a nearby tree line. As they ran for cover, he stayed behind and used his field telephone to call in an artillery strike. He did not have enough time to contact their artillery commander before salvos(齐射) of German tank fire erupted around him.
Murphy saw their tank destroyer slowly burning, but he saw that its machine was still operational. He quickly seized the gun and opened fire on the German troops nearest his position.
From their cover on the edge of the tree line, most of Murphy’s troops could only watch in shock. “I expected to see the whole tank destroyer blow up under him any minute,”Private Anthony Abramski later wrote. In fact, the blaze may have saved Murphy’s life. Many of the German troops and tank commanders couldn’t see him behind the smoke and flames.
Audie Murphy was called a national hero and awarded the Medal of Honor. Murphy returned home in June 1945. He later started a film career that included more than 40 credits, most of them in Westerns and war films. Reliving the horrors of combat in front of the camera proved difficult for Murphy, who had suffered from nightmares and flashbacks since returning home. He later urged the U.S. government to provide better mental health care for its soldiers. He also hoped people would always live in peace.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.What do we know about Murphy before the battle
A.He wasn’t known to anyone. B.He had received many awards.
C.He was the oldest in his troops. D.He wasn’t thought highly of by others.
6.How did Murphy react when seeing the German troops
A.He hesitated to take action. B.He was too frightened to do anything.
C.He became excited and decided to attack. D.He withdrew his troops to an unexposed position.
7.Which of the following played a role in saving Murphy’s life
A.The cover of the nearby tree line.
B.The help offered by the artillery commander.
C.His being invisible behind smoke and flames.
D.His skill in operating the tank destroyer.
8.What can be inferred about Murphy’s post war life
A.He left the horrors of combat behind him.
B.He encouraged people to honor war heroes.
C.He greatly suffered mentally.
D.He failed to find a job.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2022山西省实验中学期中)
　　It’s 1812 in Moscow. Napoleon has invaded Russia, and his troops get nearer to 　1　 city every day. Emperor Alexander Ⅰ has left Moscow behind, and its inhabitants aren’t certain of what to do next. In the 　2　(absent) of an authority figure 　3　 knows what he is doing, the people of Moscow just decide 　4　(have) a good time.
This story is depicted by the prominent author Leo Tolstoy in his novel War and Peace.
As I read, I felt like I could see why Tolstoy’s writing in War and Peace continued to influence film and television. He writes from one character’s point of view until a 　5　(differ) major character emerges and then gives the narrative(描述).
Dramatizing the ways that the small actions of lots of people add up to a major impact 　6　(be) difficult. Tolstoy’s solution is outstanding. Instead of 　7　(describe) the long sweep of history, he portrays(描述) the lives of ordinary people in the face 　8　 wartime.
War and Peace has a great many 　9　(theme), but its central one might be: We are all people. Nothing is certain, but it is. And that is when things change, for 　10　 (good) or for worse.
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　
Unit 3　War and peace
Part 1　Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.memorial　2.landing　3.outstanding　4.objective
Ⅱ.1.in　考查介词。句意:她一看到这么多血就惊恐地转过身去。in horror 惊恐地。
2.barely　考查副词。句意:吉姆的英语口语很差,我们几乎不能理解他的意思。设空处修饰动词understand,应用副词形式。barely意为“几乎不”。
3.violence　考查名词。句意:几年前,这个可怜的孩子生活在贫困中,身边充斥着罪犯和暴力。设空处与criminals并列,应用名词形式。
4.from　考查固定短语。句意:为了把自己从身体上和精神上的紧张中解放出来,我们都需要深刻的思考和内心的平静。free sb. from sth.意为“使某人摆脱某事”。
5.getting　考查动名词。句意:我能回想起在我的生日和许多其他场合我从我的祖父母那里得到过很多珍贵的礼物。recall doing sth.回忆起做某事。
6.commander;liberating　考查名词和动名词。第一空作主语,空前有指示代词this和形容词famous修饰,故第一空应用名词,由语境可知第一空表示“指挥官”,故填commander;第二空位于介词in后面,提示词为动词,应用动名词作in的宾语,故填liberating。
7.drowning　考查现在分词。句意:那位名人不顾自身安全去救一个溺水的孩子。此处用现在分词作定语修饰名词child。
易错归因　本题易错填drowned。注意:drowned和drowning分别为drown的过去分词和现在分词形式,过去分词表示“被动和完成”,drowned表示“已经被淹死的”;现在分词表示“主动和进行”,drowning表示“快要淹死的”。
Ⅲ.1.preparing for　2.at dawn　3.have full confidence in
4.make it
Ⅳ. 1.nothing less than a disaster　2.such a horror; recalling
3.With her entering the hall　4.Time permitting
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.had been raging　考查动词的时态。句意:到1944年春天,第二次世界大战已经在全球肆虐了大约五年。根据句中的“By spring 1944”和“for about five years”可知应用过去完成进行时表示在1944年春天之前,第二次世界大战一直在进行着。
2.combined　考查形容词。句意:诺曼底登陆是历史上规模最大的海陆空联合作战。分析句子结构可知,设空处作定语修饰空后的名词operation,此处意为“联合的”,故填形容词combined。
3.was issued　考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:盟军最高指挥官艾森豪威尔将军发布了一项命令。设空处为句子的谓语,由语境可知此处应用一般过去时表示过去发生的事;由空后的介词by并结合句意可知order与issue为被动关系,此处应用被动语态;主语An order为单数形式,谓语也应用单数形式,故填was issued。
4.At　考查介词。句意:在6月6日黎明,数千人乘降落伞降落在法国北部敌军后方。at dawn在黎明。
5.were　考查时态和主谓一致。句意:敌人躲藏起来,准备攻击盟军士兵。此处表示过去的事,应用一般过去时;The enemy在此处强调集体中的个体成员,因此谓语动词应该用复数形式。
6.to attack　考查动词不定式。be ready to do sth.准备做某事。
7.it　考查代词。句意:船被击中,人被淹死,而那些成功到达海滩的人面临着猛烈的机枪射击。make it获得成功。
8.survivors　考查名词。分析句子结构可知,“who had fought on D Day”是定语从句,修饰先行词即设空处的词,设空处是主句的主语,gathered是主句的谓语,故设空处应用名词;由语境可知设空处表示“幸存者”,应用名词survivor,survivor是可数名词,空前没有冠词等限定词修饰,应用其复数形式。故填survivors。句意:70年后,曾在诺曼底登陆日战斗过的幸存者们聚集在英吉利海峡两岸,一起举行纪念仪式。
9.where　考查定语从句。“　9　 people were coming together for memorial ceremonies”为设空处引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词both sides of the English Channel,设空处在从句中作地点状语,应用where引导定语从句。
10.fewer　考查形容词比较级。句意:虽然他们的人数逐年减少,但他们的英勇行为意味着我们将永远记住他们。结合句意及常识可以看出这些幸存者越来越少,因此用fewer。
Ⅱ. A
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了第一次世界大战爆发时,25岁的美国士兵Suleyman救了一个女孩,取名Flora。后来Flora被送入孤儿院,两人分开。多年后,两人再次取得了联系。
1.A　词义猜测题。根据第二段中“One night while the American troops were returning to the base after a bloody fight”以及画线词后文“of the war, the girl was abandoned by her family and the whole village was killed”可知,这个女孩被家人抛弃,整个村庄的人都被杀了,可见战争血雨腥风、十分残酷,故画线词意思是“残酷”。cruelty残酷;challenge挑战;range范围;stress压力。故选A。
2.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“When the French National Olympic Team...Suleyman gazed through the audience on TV, hoping to catch a glimpse of Flora, but he never could.”可知,Suleyman观看1984年夏季奥运会是因为Flora可能在看比赛。
3.A　细节理解题。根据第四段中“For one and a half years, Flora and Suleyman became inseparable”可知,Flora和Suleyman形影不离。
易错归因　本题易错选B项。根据第四段中“Flora was put in an orphanage, the Normandy School”可知Flora被送到诺曼底学校的孤儿院,而并未提到这所孤儿院叫做“Normandy”,故排除B项。
4.C　主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知,本文讲述了一位美国士兵在第一次世界大战期间救了一位法国小女孩,两人在一年半的时间里形影不离,后因故分开,最后又取得了联系的故事。由此可知,C项“The Lost and Found Love(失而复得的爱)”适合作本文最佳标题。
【高频词汇】　1.break out 爆发　2.abandon vt.遗弃,抛弃　3.come to an end结束　4.catch a glimpse of看到,瞥见　5.in detail详细地
长难句
原句　When the war ended, Suleyman was sent back to the USA, while Flora was put in an orphanage, the Normandy School, which was founded by the American government for orphaned French children to have an education.
分析　本句为并列复合句。while意为“而,然而”,连接两个并列分句。第一个分句为主从复合句,“When the war ended”为When引导的时间状语从句;第二个分句也是主从复合句,“which was founded by the American government for orphaned French children to have an education”为which引导的非限制性定语从句。
译文　战争结束后,Suleyman被送回了美国,而Flora则被送到诺曼底学校的孤儿院,这是美国政府为法国孤儿接受教育而建立的学校。
B
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了奥迪·墨菲在一次战役中的英勇行为。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第二段“At just 19 years old, the baby faced Texan had already won two Silver Stars and the Distinguished Service Cross, and he was leading men 10 years his senior into battle.”可知,在这次战役前墨菲已经获得了很多奖。
6.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Murphy knew that his men stood no chance against so large a force, so he instructed most of them to withdraw to pre prepared defensive positions along a nearby tree line. As they ran for cover”可知,墨菲让他的部队撤退到有掩护的地方。
7.C　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“In fact, the blaze may have saved Murphy’s life. Many of the German troops and tank commanders couldn’t see him behind the smoke and flames.”可知,墨菲身边的烟雾和战火使得敌军看不到他,因此他才得以幸存。
8.C　推理判断题。根据末段中的“Reliving the horrors of combat in front of the camera proved difficult for Murphy,who had suffered from nightmares and flashbacks since returning home.”可知,战后墨菲在精神上饱受折磨。
【高频词汇】　1.in the distance在远处　2.withdraw v.撤退　3.erupt v.爆发;火光冲天地大声爆炸　4.in shock处于震惊之中　5.urge v.敦促;竭力主张
【熟词生义】　force n.武装部队
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章是一篇列夫·托尔斯泰的长篇小说《战争与和平》的书评。
1.the　考查冠词。句意:这是1812年的莫斯科。拿破仑已经入侵俄国,他的军队每天都离这座城市更近一点。此处特指上文提到的Moscow,故填the。
2.absence　考查名词。句意:在缺乏一个知道自己在做什么的当权人物的情况下,莫斯科人民只是决定好好享受一下。in the absence of为固定搭配,表示“在缺乏……的情况下”,故填名词形式absence。
3.who/that　考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句,指代an authority figure,且在从句中作主语,故填who或that。
4.to have　考查动词不定式。decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”,故填to have。
5.different　考查形容词。句意:他从一个角色的角度写作,直到一个不同的主要角色出现,然后交代出故事。设空处修饰空后的character,故填形容词形式different。
6.is　考查时态和主谓一致。句意:要生动地表达出许多人的微小的行为加起来产生重大影响的这种方式是很困难的。根据语境可知,此处是对客观事实的描述,应用一般现在时,又因为主语是Dramatizing the ways,故填is。
7.describing　考查动名词。句意:他没有描述漫长的历史,而是描述了普通人面临战争时期的生活。设空处作介词of的宾语,应用动名词形式,故填describing。
8.of　考查介词。in the face of意为“面对……”,故填of。
9.themes　考查名词复数。theme是可数名词,且其前有a great many修饰,故填themes。
10.better　考查固定搭配。for better or for worse为固定搭配,表示“无论好坏,不管怎样”,故填better。
【高频词汇】　 1.authority n.当局,当权者;专家
2.character n.人物,角色;性格,品性;特点,特色　3.add up to总计为;结果是　4.impact n.影响,效果
【熟词生义】　sweep n.广度,范围
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