2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步练习--Unit 4 Part 2 Using language（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步
Part 2　Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
1.50% of the land 　　　　(be) now suitable to grow plants.
2.Nobody but Tom and Jane 　　　　(be) there last weekend.
3.Neither food nor clothes 　　　　(send) to the old man since two years ago.
4.When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody　　　　(have) to worry about fashion (时尚).
5.Although she wanted to buy the car, five thousand dollars 　　　　(be) more than she could afford.
6.A poet and painter 　　　　(be) coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.
7.All the scientific evidence shows that increasing use of chemicals in farming　　　　(be) damaging our health.
题型(二)
　　My family 　1　(be) all music lovers. Not only I but also my parents 　2　(be) fond of music. Recently, quantities of people 　3　(be) crazy about a TV program. It is one of the reality TV shows which 　4　(appeal) to a wide audience. In each episode of the program, several talented singers perform for the jury(评委会) who 　5　(vote) to eliminate(淘汰) one singer after each performance. Specifically, each judge 　6　(choose) three singers who they think are the best performers and all but one of the singers 　7　(be) qualified for the next show. This show is so popular that many a singer 　8　(dream) of joining in it. So far several seasons of it 　9　(hold), and my parents as well as I 　10　(be) looking forward to the new season.
1.　　　2.　　　3.　　　4.　　　5.　　　
6.　　　7.　　　8.　　　9.　　　10.　　　
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.我认为我们的排球队明天肯定会赢得这场重要的比赛。(bound)
I reckon that our volleyball team 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　this important match tomorrow.
2.近年来,随着经济的快速发展,中国的能源需求越来越大。(demand)
In recent years, with the rapid development of the economy, the energy is 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　in China.
3.当谈到评价学生时,Smith 教授提到仅仅用学生们的分数去评判他们是不合理的。(assess)
　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　students, Professor Smith mentions that it is not reasonable to judge students only by their scores.
4.据说这里即将发生一些令人兴奋的事情,我迫不及待地想知道。(horizon)
It’s said that here are some exciting things 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, and I 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　find out.
5.在开始的时候,我们指望 David 说服那些客户购买我们的新产品,但他失败了。(bank)
In the beginning, we　　　　 　　　　 David persuading 　　　　 　　　　to buy our new products, but he failed.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2022山东枣庄期中)
　　When we talk about robots, we may immediately think of sci fi inspired humanoid machines. While they primarily remain mythical (虚构的), there are numerous more types of robots in use today. Robots differ from other machines in how they interact with the world. They have the capacity to change their surroundings and respond to the world around them based on their actions. Yet, as we’ve seen, they’re not yet good for all areas of life. Will this, however, change in the future
By the mid 2030s, business network PwC expects that robots will have automated up to 30% of occupations. According to some projections, the global stock of robots might reach 20 million by 2030, with automated labor displacing (替换) up to 51 million people in the next ten years. While robots are unlikely to take over the world, we may expect to see more of them in our everyday lives.
Robots are transforming the world by assisting people in performing tasks more efficiently and in ways that were previously impossible. Robots help with disaster response, improve physical abilities, serve in sectors that require human connection, and permit exploration beyond Earth’s borders. Robots are having a generally positive impact on the globe. They may be replacing some human employment, but they also improve efficiency, which improves economic activity, which in turn creates more opportunities for humans to develop new ways to earn money.
Machines and robots with the ability to learn could have an even wider range of behooves. Robots that can adapt to their surroundings, learn new procedures, and change their behavior in the future will be better suitable for more complicated activities. Robots have the potential to improve our lives in the long run. They may be able to improve health care and make transportation more efficient, in addition to shouldering the strain of physically demanding or repetitive work.
1.What makes robots different from other machines
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A.The way they respond to the world. B.The surroundings they can adapt to.
C.The diversity of their types and effects. D.The important role they play in the world.
2.How does the author develop the second paragraph
A.By making comparisons. B.By analysing the reasons.
C.By listing figures. D.By giving different opinions.
3.Which of the following could the author agree with about the future of robots
A.They will help humans earn more money.
B.They will free humans from housework completely.
C.They will take over most areas of people’s future life.
D.They may do more good than harm to humans’ future.
4.What does the underlined word “behooves” in the last paragraph probably mean
A.Origins. B.Applications. C.Choices. D.Challenges.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2023河北邢台名校联盟月考)
　　It’s a winter morning in 2032. You’re asleep in your smart home. 　1　.
Waking in the morning
As you open your eyes, you wave your hand and switch on two of the screens close by.　2　. And you share with it some late night thoughts to email a colleague. The other screen displays the morning’s headlines. After breakfast, you put on an outfit, which helps you monitor your physical and mental health, sending regular updates to your phone.
On the way
You set off for your nearest transportation site. Your traffic agency app sends you a warning that your usual journey has changed, due to an all day concert in the park. So you confirm your travel preference. 　3　. Transport systems across the world are now using artificial intelligence and digital sensors to help analyse the data relevant to delay issues and respond to passengers with timetable changes and updates.
At work
When you get to work, instead of going up, you go down. Urban housing prices remain high, forcing many businesses to locate themselves in deep basement offices. 　4　. You find a desk and head to your first meeting. The meeting is held in the absence of real colleagues, who attend from around the world as holograms(全息图). You wire up your translation earphones and join the discussion with ease.
　5　
After working for a day, you head up to take an aviation(航空) taxi. Over the last decade, the sky above you has become busier—increasingly populated by flying autonomous vehicles under strict air traffic control rules. After a short wait, your taxi—a lightweight, electric vertical take off and landing aircraft—arrives to fly you home.
A.Smart controls
B.It’s time to get up
C.Catching a flight home
D.One brings up your virtual assistant
E.Aviation taxis can charge their batteries while flying
F.Your workspace is several floors in total, each one lower than the last
G.And the app advises you of your new journey by an autonomous vehicle
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2023湖北襄阳期中) 　　Lino Marrero is a young inventor. For him, being an inventor is about helping the world by creating　1　to everyday challenges.“I always start with a problem and see how it　2　 people,”he says. Due to　3　fingers, little Marrero wanted to quit playing the violin. But his　4　for music inspired him to invent a“String Ring”. It is an adjustable band that 　5　 a musician’s aching fingers so he can continue practicing. A year later, Marrero created a(n)　6　shoe with replaceable soles(鞋底) after learning traditional footwear could damage the environment.“Shoe waste　7　 a lot to landfills(垃圾填埋场),”he says,“since it has rubber soles that don’t 　8　 easily.”Instead of owning 　9　 shoes for different sports,his invention allows athletes to keep just one pair in their cupboards. Marrero’s latest invention, Kinetic Kickz, was the 　10　of his personal experience. Having finished soccer practice, he found his cellphone was out of　11　.Suddenly, he thought maybe he could make use of the energy from playing soccer. Then he created a shoe insert(插入物) that　12　energy and changes it into battery power to　13　a cellphone. As a high school freshman now, Marrero wants to encourage other teenagers to be inventors, too.Younger people, he says, often have novel　14　that can be useful in making creations. Marrero says,“We need to get a chain going, where I inspire some people and they help inspire others 　15　.” 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.A.additions B.solutions C.reactions D.connections 2.A.bothers B.assesses C.distracts D.conducts 3.A.short B.painful C.faulty D.abnormal 4.A.passion B.experience C.curiosity D.concern 5.A.decorates B.stretches C.weakens D.protects 6.A.up to date B.good looking C.eco friendly D.risk free 7.A.owes B.contributes C.devotes D.applies 8.A.die out B.end up C.break down D.run out 9.A.fashionable B.expensive C.similar D.various 10.A.copy B.fruit C.award D.label 11.A.power B.order C.demand D.service 12.A.uses B.generates C.collects D.consumes 13.A.repair B.update C.design D.charge 14.A.viewpoints B.comments C.predictions D.occupations 15.A.in conclusion B.in brief C.in turn D.in advance
Part 2　Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.题型(一)
1.is　考查时态和主谓一致。句意:现在50%的土地适合种植植物。当“百分数+of+名词”结构作主语时,谓语动词的数与of后的名词的数保持一致。此处land表示“土地”,是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式,且根据时间状语now可知,应用一般现在时。故填 is。
2.was　考查时态和主谓一致。句意:上周末除了汤姆和简没有人在那儿。主语后跟“but+名词”时,谓语动词的单复数与主语保持一致。nobody作主语时谓语动词用单数形式;根据时间状语last weekend可知应用一般过去时。
3.have been sent　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:自从两年前以来,食物和衣服都没有送到那位老人那里。根据时间状语since two years ago可知应用现在完成时,主语由Neither...nor...连接,谓语动词应遵循就近一致原则,且主语与动词send之间为被动关系,故填have been sent。
4.has/will have　考查时态和主谓一致。此处可用一般现在时描述客观情况,主语是不定代词nobody,所以谓语动词用has;或理解为When引导的时间状语从句中,谓语动词用一般现在时表示将来,主句用一般将来时,故也可填will have。
5.was　考查时态和主谓一致。句意:虽然她想买这辆汽车,但5,000美元超出了她的负担能力。表示时间、重量、长度、距离、金额等的名词,尽管是复数形式,但通常视为整体,谓语动词用单数形式;根据从句使用了一般过去时及语境可知,此处描述过去的事情,故填was。
6.is　考查时态和主谓一致。句意:一位诗人兼画家明天下午要来给我们讲中国文学和绘画。根据时间状语tomorrow afternoon及空后的coming可知,此处应用现在进行时表将来。当主语为and连接的两个名词时,表示由两部分或两种身份组成的同一事物或人,第二个名词前不用冠词,故此处主语表示单一的概念,谓语动词应用单数形式,故此处应填is。
7.is　考查时态和主谓一致。句意:所有的科学证据都表明,化学制品在农业上使用得越来越多,而这正在危害我们的健康。that引导的从句为宾语从句,且从句的主语是use,为不可数名词,故谓语动词用单数形式;根据主句谓语shows并结合语境可知时态为现在进行时。
题型(二)
1.are　结合句意并分析句子结构可知,本句主语为My family,意为“我的家人”,强调个体,be动词应用复数形式;此处描述主语的爱好,为一般事实,应用一般现在时,故填are。
2.are　not only...but also...作主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则,即与其最近的名词在人称和数上保持一致;此处描述人的爱好,应用一般现在时,故填are。
3.have been　“quantities of+可数名词复数”作主语时, be动词用复数形式。根据时间状语Recently和上下文语境可知,此处应用现在完成时,故填have been。
4.appeal　在“one of+the+可数名词复数+定语从句”结构中,定语从句一般视为修饰复数名词,故从句谓语动词用复数形式;此处表示一般事实,故填 appeal。
5.vote/votes　分析句子结构可知, who引导定语从句,先行词为the jury,可以用作单数也可以用作复数,故be动词用单复数形式均可;结合上下文可知,此处应用一般现在时,故填 vote或votes。
6.chooses　分析句子结构可知,此处主语为each judge, each修饰单数可数名词时,谓语动词的数用单数形式;结合上下文可知,此处应用一般现在时,故填 chooses。
7.are　句意:……除了一个歌手以外,其他歌手都有资格参加下一场演出。主语后跟“but+名词”时,谓语动词的数与主语保持一致,句中的all为复数概念,且结合上下文时态可知应用一般现在时,故填are。
8.dreams　“many a+单数名词”作主语时,意义上虽然表示复数,但谓语动词应用单数形式;结合上下文语境可知应用一般现在时,故填dreams。
9.have been held　根据时间状语So far可知,此处应用现在完成时;结合语境可知,此处表示“被举行”,应用被动语态;主语“several seasons of it”表示复数意义,故谓语动词用复数形式。故填 have been held。
10.are　主语后跟“as well as+名词/代词”时,谓语动词的数与主语保持一致;结合语境可知此处应用现在进行时,故填are。
Ⅱ.1.is bound to win　2.in greater demand　3.When it comes to assessing　4.on the horizon; can’t wait to
5.banked on; those clients
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机器人未来的发展和对人类生活产生的影响。
1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Robots differ from other machines in how they interact with the world. They have the capacity to change their surroundings and respond to the world around them based on their actions.”可知,机器人与其他机器的不同之处在于它们与世界的互动方式,它们可以根据自己的行动对周围的世界做出反应。由此可知,机器人与其他机器的不同之处在于它们对世界做出反应的方式。故选A。
2.C　推理判断题。作者在第二段中通过列“30%”“20 million”和“51 million”等具体数字,告诉我们未来机器人的发展趋势。由此可知,作者是通过列数字来展开第二段的。
3.D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Robots are having a generally positive impact on the globe. They may be replacing some human employment, but they also improve efficiency, which improves economic activity, which in turn creates more opportunities for humans to develop new ways to earn money.”可知,作者认为机器人正在对全球产生普遍积极的影响,虽然它们可能会取代一些人类的工作,但同时会提高效率,从而改善经济活动,进而为人类创造更多机会,对人类未来的生活利大于弊。故选D。
4.B　词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“They may be able to improve health care and make transportation more efficient, in addition to shouldering the strain of physically demanding or repetitive work.”可知,后面主要介绍了机器人在我们未来生活中更广泛的应用。由此可知,画线词所在句指的是具有学习能力的机器和机器人可能有更广泛的应用。 A.起源;B.应用;C.选择;D.挑战。故选B。
【高频词汇】　1.interact with与……互动　2.occupation n.工作,职业　3.take over控制;接管　4.transform vt.使改变;使转换　5.in the long run从长远来看
6.demanding adj.要求高的;需要高技能(或耐性等)的;费力的
长难句
原句　They may be replacing some human employment, but they also improve efficiency, which improves economic activity, which in turn creates more opportunities for humans to develop new ways to earn money.
分析　本句是由but连接的并列复合句。but前的分句为简单句,but后的分句为主从复合句;“which improves economic activity”和“which in turn creates more opportunities for humans to develop new ways to earn money”均为which引导的非限制性定语从句。
译文　它们可能会取代一些人类的工作,但它们也会提高效率,这会改善经济活动,从而为人类创造更多机会,开发新的赚钱方式。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要设想了2032年的人一天的生活、工作状况。
1.B　过渡句。上文提到这是2032年的一个冬天的早晨,你在智能房屋里睡觉,根据下面小标题“Waking in the morning”可知,接下来该起床了,B项“该起床了”承上启下,符合语境,故选B项。
2.D　细节句。上文提到你打开了两个屏幕,下文“The other screen...”介绍另一个屏幕的情况,空处应介绍其中一个屏幕,D项“一个屏幕调出你的虚拟助手”符合语境,构成“one...the other...”结构,故选D项。
3.G　细节句。上文提到由于公园里举办音乐会,你的交通服务应用程序给你发警告,告诉你平常的行程变了,所以你确认你的行程偏好,接下来应该继续说你的行程会如何变化,G项“该应用程序通过自动驾驶汽车告知你新的行程”符合语境,下文提到交通系统分析与延误问题相关的数据,并用时刻表的变化和更新来回应乘客,说明了交通服务应用程序的工作原理,故选G项。
4.F　细节句。上文提到工作地点在地下室深处的办公室,接下来应继续介绍工作环境,F项“你的工作场所总共有几层,每层都比上一层低”符合语境,故选F。
5.C　主旨句。根据下文的“After working for a day...an aviation taxi...arrives to fly you home.”可知,本段主要介绍下班后,搭航空出租车回家,因此C项“赶飞机回家”符合本段主旨,故选C。
【高频词汇】　1.switch on打开(电灯、机器等)　2.display v.显示;展示,陈列　3.update n.最新消息 v.更新　4.(be) relevant to 和……有关　5.locate v.把……安置在(或建造于)　6.in the absence of当……不在的时候;缺乏,不存在
【差距词汇】　1.populate v.充满,出现于;居住于　2.vertical adj.垂直的,直立的;纵向的
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。Lino Marrero是一位年轻的发明家,对他来说,作为一名发明家就是通过为日常挑战创造解决方案来帮助世界。文章主要介绍了他的一些日常发明。
1.B　根据“to everyday challenges”以及“a problem”可知,此处指为日常挑战创造解决方案(solutions),故选B。addition添加物;reaction反应;connection连接。
2.A　根据“I always start with a problem”可知,Marrero先找到问题,然后看这个问题如何困扰(bothers)人们,故选A。assess评估;distract使分心;conduct实施。
3.B　根据后文“little Marrero wanted to quit playing the violin”以及“a musician’s aching fingers”可知,小Marrero想放弃拉小提琴,因为他手指痛(painful)。故选B。short短的;faulty有缺陷的;abnormal反常的。
4.A　根据But表示转折,以及后文“for music inspired him to invent a ‘String Ring’”可知,对音乐的热爱激励他发明了一种“弦环”,one’s passion for...表示“某人对……的热爱”。故选A。experience经历;curiosity好奇心;concern关心。
5.D　根据后文“a musician’s aching fingers so he can continue practicing”可知,这种东西可以保护(protects)音乐家的疼痛的手指,使他可以继续练习。故选D。decorate装饰;stretch伸展;weaken削弱。
6.C　根据后文“after learning traditional footwear can damage the environment”可知,发明可更换鞋底的鞋是为了保护环境(eco friendly)。故选C。up to date最新的;good looking好看的;risk free无风险的。
7.B　后文提到垃圾填埋场,所以此处指鞋子废物造成大量垃圾,contribute to...表示“是……的原因之一”。故选B。owe欠(债);devote献身;apply应用。
8.C　上文提到传统的鞋会破坏环境,此处说明背后的原因——橡胶鞋底不易分解(break down),故选C。die out灭绝;end up结束;run out耗尽。
9.D　此处是说他的发明让运动员们不用为不同的运动项目拥有各种各样的(various)鞋子,而是在他们的橱柜里只放一双鞋,故选D。fashionable时尚的;expensive昂贵的;similar相似的。
10.B　后文介绍Marrero在足球训练结束后发现手机没电了,从而发明了Kinetic Kickz,由此可知,最新的发明Kinetic Kickz是他个人经历的成果(fruit)。故选B。copy复制品;award奖品;label标签。
11.A　根据后文“changes it into battery power”可知,Marrero是从手机没电这一经历中得到启发,out of power表示“没电”,故选A。order订单;demand需求;service服务。
12.C　根据上文“he thought maybe he could make use of the energy from playing soccer”以及下文“and changes it into battery power”可知,他的发明可以收集(collects)能量并将其转化为电池电源。故选C。use使用;generate产生;consume耗费。
13.D　此处是说这项发明收集能量并将其转化成电池电源,这样就可以给手机充电(charge)了。故选D。repair修理;update更新;design设计。
14.A　根据后文“that can be useful in making creations”可知,此处说年轻人通常有对创造有用的新颖观点(viewpoints)。故选A。comment评论;prediction预测;occupation职业。
15.C　根据前面的“We need to get a chain going(我们需要形成一个链条)”可知,Marrero希望自己能激励一些人,然后这些人转而(in turn)帮助激励其他人,故选C。in conclusion总之;in brief简言之;in advance提前。
【高频词汇】　1.quit v.停止,戒掉　2.damage n.& v.损害;破坏　3.make use of 利用　4.chain n.链条;一连串,一系列(同类物)
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