2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步练习--Unit 6 Part 2 Using language（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步
Part 2　Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.A storm packing 75 mph winds 　　　　(吹过) across the area last night.
2.Bob　　　　(堆放) a few books on the table to make it high enough for him to work on.
3.The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would f　　　　 when exposed to daylight.(2020全国Ⅰ)
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.The essay which you wrote is irrelevant 　　　　　the topic.
2.I’ve heard that you are a talented young woman, and I have found you 　　　　　(charm) and intelligent as well.
3.Steve moved to the piano and sat at the bench, hands trembling as he 　　　　　(gentle) placed his fingers on the keys.(2019江苏)
Ⅲ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
1. 　　　　　(help) us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested taking good notes.
2.He spoke slowly and clearly so that he could make himself 　　　　　(understand).
3.Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time 　　　　　(spend) with his students.
4.I reached the airport early only 　　　　　(tell) that the flight had been delayed.
5.　　　　　(live) in Beijing for years, I almost know every place quite well.
6.When I entered the room, I saw him 　　　　　(seat) at the back of the room.
7.The stadium 　　　　　(build) at present in our city is intended for the coming sports meeting.
8.I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, 　　　　　(think) it is food.(2021全国新高考Ⅱ)
9.From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, 　　　　　(result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss.(2021北京)
10.Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement”award, proud Irene declared she had no plans 　　　　　(retire) from her 36 year old business.
题型(二)
用方框内单词的适当形式填空
hold;live;persuade;cut;wait
S=Susan　M=Mike
S:Mike, you look so different today.
M:Yes, in order to attend the job fair 　1　 in our school this morning, I had my hair 　2　 yesterday and I’m wearing a suit that I have never tried before.
S:No wonder. How time flies! We’ll graduate from university in a month.
M:Yes, so have you found a job yet
S:Well, I’ve already got a job offer as a teacher 　3　 for me back in my hometown.
M:That’s cool. I guess you must have found an apartment 　4　 in, haven’t you
S: No,　5　 by my parents, I have given up the idea of living alone and I’ve decided to live with my family.
M:You’re so lucky. You can save a lot of money every year if you don’t have to pay rent.
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023广东广州荔湾区五校开学联考)
　　High on the top of White Mountains of the US, the hard conditions make it difficult for life to take root. But for a certain type of tree—and for those who have travelled here to study it—this place is a perfect place.
These bristlecone pines are the oldest individual trees in the world. Researchers like Andy Bunn have come to learn from the ancients. “It’s remarkable to sit here and have your hand on one of these trees and know that it was growing when the pyramids were built,” Bunn added.
“By studying samples from the trunks, it’s possible to discover their hidden precise history. Each tree ring is like a time capsule of the environment for that year from which it was formed,” said Matt Salzer, a scientist at the University of Arizona’s Laboratory of Tree Ring Research. “And it contains dozens of information—chemical information, the information on growth, and climate information.”
“If you’re trying to look at people in the past through time, tree rings give you a way to do it in a way that makes sense in a human life,” said Charlotte Pearson,a professor in the University of Arizona. She first became fascinated by the bristlecone pines after reading about an ancient volcanic eruption on the Greek island of Santorini. “It blew my mind that trees on the other side of the world could possibly be used to date this thing within a single year,” she said excitedly.
The oldest known living bristlecone pine is estimated to be over 4,800 years old. For Bunn, the climate record written in the tree rings offers guidance for how we might think about what’s happening in the present as we plan for the future.“What we’re seeing increasingly is that a lot of the climate events that we are experiencing and living through right now have no example in the paleoclimate (古气候) record,” he insisted. “So, we really are moving into an unknown field.”
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1.Why did Bunn mention the pyramids in Paragraph 2
A.To state the trees are very old.
B.To prove his discovery is important.
C.To attract readers’ attention.
D.To stress the hard living conditions of the trees.
2.What’s the third paragraph mainly about
A.The result of the research. B.The process of the research.
C.The method of the research. D.The significance of the research.
3.What do the underlined words “It blew my mind” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A.It puzzled me. B.It surprised me.
C.It defeated me. D.It disappointed me.
4.What can we infer from the last paragraph
A.The paleoclimate record is hard to find.
B.There are lots of unknown things about pines.
C.Studying the tree rings is important for climate research.
D.There were frequent occurrences of the extreme climate events.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2023河南信阳期中)
　　As summer approaches, many are refreshing their gardens to reflect the change in the season. As we become more eco conscious, enhancing biodiversity(生物多样性) tops our to do list. 　1　.
◆Grow plants for pollinators.
Pollinators like bees can see the color purple more clearly than any other, so planting purple color flowers like lavender will lead to a bee filled paradise (乐园). Herbs also attract butterflies and bees if you allow them to flower. A key tip to remember is that most roses aren’t ideal for pollinators. 　2　.
◆Just add water.
Add running water to your garden. 　3　. Such additions can make it more appealing to birds and wildlife. Adding a bird bath or a small water feature can attract a whole new range of wildlife, from frogs to dragonflies. Add small rocks into your water feature to prevent insects or animals drowning.
◆　4　.
Home grown plants adapt to local soil and environmental conditions, meaning that they require less care. They also promote biodiversity and decrease soil erosion (侵蚀), while also reducing the use of chemical fertilizers (化肥)—a true win win situation. By buying home grown plants you can help to prevent foreign species reaching your garden and the countryside. Although these species are often harmless in their native habitats, they can cause disease and competition in a new environment.
◆Create homes for wildlife.
　5　. So consider building bee hotels and bird houses, placing planting pots upside down, or even letting leaves and sticks pile up in the garden to provide a safe place for wildlife. And before you commit yourself to a neatly polished space, consider leaving room for a little chaos.
A.Stick to native plants
B.Grow domestic vegetables
C.Thoughtful structures in gardens are ideal shelters
D.It helps purify the air and provide drinking water for local wildlife
E.Don’t feel discouraged if the wildlife shelter is empty at first
F.It is difficult for the bees to get to the center of the flower to feed
G.Here are some tips to help strike the balance between beauty and biodiversity
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2023湖北襄阳一中月考) 　　Natalie and Callie, both 13 years old, started raising monarch butterflies for fun in 2020. But after realizing the monarchs were an endangered species, their 　1　 soon turned into a serious and passionate mission. They learned that the population of monarch butterflies had　2　 since the early 1990s, due to habitat 　3　 and the widespread use of chemicals, which made the milkweed (马利筋) the monarchs 　4　 for their main diet dangerous to eat. So the girls teamed up with a national nonprofit group to plant a native garden 　5　 for the monarchs. The garden grew organic milkweed that 　6　 and kept the butterflies. To alert people to the creature’s condition and help 　7　 the locals to sustain the monarch population, they created an exhibition about the monarchs in the local library. They also wanted to put up an educational sign in town, but it 　8　 a lot. To cover the expense, they set up a stand at the farmers’market to sell their 　9　 milkweed to people to plant. Although the fundraising days were 　10　, they finally succeeded in earning enough money with their hard work and people’s support. The team has won the silver award for their　11　 of taking care of butterflies, but they are not 　12　 with their work.“Our next step is to cut down on the use of 　13　 to guarantee a safe environment for the monarchs,”said Natalie. In the award ceremony, their teacher Brian 　14　,“I am so proud of them for their constant 　15　.” 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.A.dream B.hobby C.career D.decision 2.A.doubled B.faded C.declined D.exploded 3.A.management B.assessment C.selection D.destruction 4.A.relied on B.kept off C.broke down D.gave away 5.A.partly B.secretly C.rarely D.specially 6.A.attracted B.protected C.monitored D.enhanced 7.A.employ B.educate C.force D.limit 8.A.meant B.cost C.changed D.hurt 9.A.dry B.medical C.healthy D.wild 10.A.pleasing B.light C.long D.disappointing 11.A.project B.concept C.schedule D.assignment 12.A.concerned B.connected C.finished D.occupied 13.A.chemicals B.time C.funds D.energy 14.A.quoted B.continued C.replied D.commented 15.A.donations B.support C.patience D.efforts
Part 2　Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.swept　2.piled　3.fade
Ⅱ.1.to　考查介词。句意:你写的那篇文章与题目无关。be irrelevant to与……不相关。
2.charming　考查形容词。根据空后的并列连词and及形容词intelligent可知,设空处应用形容词,与intelligent一起作宾语补足语。此处表示“迷人的,惹人喜欢的”,应用形容词charming。
3.gently　考查副词。句意:史蒂夫走到钢琴前,坐在长凳上,当他把手指轻轻地放在琴键上时,双手颤抖着。设空处修饰动词placed,应用副词形式,故填gently。
Ⅲ.题型(一)
1.To help　考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意:为了帮助我们准备考试,老师建议(我们)做好笔记。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词suggested,因此设空处用非谓语动词形式。此处表示目的,应用动词不定式作目的状语。
2.understood　考查过去分词作宾语补足语。句意:他说得又慢又清楚,以便别人能听懂他的话。分析句子结构可知,此处为“make+宾语+宾补”结构,himself与understand之间为被动关系,因此用过去分词作宾语补足语。
3.spent　考查过去分词作定语。句意:吉姆已经退休了,但他仍然记得和他的学生一起度过的快乐时光。分析句子结构可知,but连接两个并列分句,but后的分句已有谓语动词remembers,因此设空处用非谓语动词形式。time与spend之间为被动关系,因此用过去分词作后置定语。
4.to be told　考查动词不定式作结果状语。句意:我早早到达机场,却被告知航班延误了。根据空前的only可知此处应用动词不定式作结果状语,表示出乎意料的结果。I与tell之间为被动关系,因此用动词不定式的被动语态。
5.Having lived　考查现在分词的完成式作原因状语。句意:在北京住了多年,我几乎对每一个地方都很熟悉。句中已有谓语动词know,因此设空处应用非谓语动词。I 与live之间为主动关系,且live表示的动作发生在know之前,因此用现在分词的完成式。
6.seated　考查过去分词作宾语补足语。句意:当我走进房间时,我看见他坐在房间的后面。主句已有谓语动词saw,因此设空处应用非谓语动词形式。seat为及物动词,him与seat之间为被动关系,因此用过去分词作宾语补足语。
易错归因　本题易误填seating,认为him与seat之间为主动关系。seat意为“使(某人)坐下”,后边需带宾语,即seat sb.,所以him与seat为被动关系,此处应用过去分词形式。
7.being built　考查现在分词的被动式作定语。句意:我们市目前在建的体育场是为即将到来的运动会准备的。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语is intended,因此设空处用非谓语动词。The stadium与build之间为被动关系,根据时间状语at present可知应填being built。
8.thinking　考查现在分词作原因状语。句意:得知许多海洋动物以为塑料垃圾是食物而吃它时,我很难过。分析句子结构可知,learn后是that引导的宾语从句,作learn的宾语。该宾语从句的谓语动词是eat,设空处应用非谓语动词形式;宾语从句的主语sea animals与think之间是逻辑上的主动关系,需用现在分词作原因状语。
9.resulting　考查现在分词作结果状语。句意:从2000年至2019年,全球共发生7,348起重大自然灾害,造成经济损失29,700亿美元。本句已有谓语动词were,设空处应用非谓语动词形式。7,348 major natural disasters与result之间是逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果。
10.to retire　考查不定式作定语。句意:领取“终身成就”奖时,自豪的艾琳宣布她没有从她36年的事业中退休的计划。此处用不定式短语作后置定语,用来修饰前面的名词plans,表示“……的计划”,故填to retire。
题型(二)
1.held　2.cut　3.waiting　4.to live　5.persuaded
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国的深山中生长的一种松树。这是全世界最长寿的树种,其中最老的那棵树已经活了超过四千八百年了。
1.A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“the oldest individual trees in the world”及“it was growing when the pyramids were built”可知,提到金字塔是为了说明这种松树非常古老。故选A。
2.D　主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“discover their hidden precise history”“a time capsule of the environment”以及“it contains dozens of information—chemical information, the information on growth, and climate information”可知,研究这种树有很多益处。由此可知第三段主要介绍了这项研究的意义。故选D。
易错归因　本题易错选A项。研究的结果和意义属于不同层面,研究结果侧重于得出的结论,研究意义强调研究带来的好处。本段没有提到这项研究得出了什么结论,因此排除A项。
3.B　词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句的前一句“She first became fascinated by the bristlecone pines after reading about an ancient volcanic eruption on the Greek island of Santorini.”可知此处是在介绍Charlotte Pearson教授对这种树着迷的相关情况。再结合语境推测后边是说她对这种树着迷的原因。分析选项再结合画线部分所在句中的“she said excitedly(她兴奋地说)”可知C项、D项与此处提到的“着迷”不符,故排除C项和D项。A项(它使我困惑)与B项(它使我惊讶)相比,B项与“着迷”更匹配,更符合语境,故选B。
4.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“the climate record written in the tree rings offers guidance for how we might think about what’s happening in the present as we plan for the future(写在年轮中的气候记录为我们在计划未来时如何看待现在发生的事情提供了指导)”可知,研究树木年轮对气候研究很重要。故选C。
【高频词汇】　1.individual adj.独特的;单独的,个别的
2.remarkable adj.非凡的,值得注意的　3.make sense讲得通,有道理　4.become fascinated by对……着迷
5.estimate v.估计　6.guidance n.指导
长难句
原句　For Bunn, the climate record written in the tree rings offers guidance for how we might think about what’s happening in the present as we plan for the future.
分析　本句是主从复合句,句子的主干是“the climate record offers guidance”。过去分词短语“written in the tree rings”作定语修饰the climate record。“how we might...for the future”为how引导的宾语从句,作介词for的宾语,其中“what’s happening in the present as we plan for the future”为what引导的宾语从句,作think about的宾语,在这个宾语从句中as引导时间状语从句。
译文　对于Bunn来说,写在年轮中的气候记录为我们在计划未来时如何看待现在发生的事情提供了指导。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些做园艺时在美和生物多样性之间寻求平衡的方法。
1.G　过渡句。根据上文中的“refreshing their gardens”“more eco conscious”及“enhancing biodiversity”可知,上文提到了许多人想要让花园焕然一新以及有提高生物多样性的环保意识。结合下文分条列出的建议可知,设空处起到承上启下的作用,G项“这是一些有助于在美和生物多样性之间取得平衡的建议”符合题意。
2.F　细节句。上文“A key tip to remember is that most roses aren’t ideal for pollinators.”提到了不要在花园种不利于传粉的玫瑰,接下来应对此进行解释,F项“蜜蜂很难到达花朵的中心觅食”符合语境。
3.D　细节句。上文“Add running water to your garden.”建议加活水,这里应解释这么做的好处,D项“它有助于净化空气并为当地野生动物提供饮用水”承接上文,符合语境。
4.A　主旨句。设空处是本段小标题。结合其余几处的小标题可知,应选祈使句作为本段的小标题。根据下文多次提到的“Home grown plants”和整段其他内容可知,本段主要介绍了种本地植物的好处,故A项“坚持种本地植物”符合语境。
5.C　细节句。小标题“Create homes for wildlife.”表明了本段主要讲述的是如何给野生动物筑窝。C项“花园中周密的建筑物是理想的庇护所”符合题意,其中的“ideal shelters”与小标题中的“homes”相照应。
【高频词汇】　1.approach v.接近,靠近 n.方法;接近;路径　2.refresh v.使恢复活力;使更新　3.ideal adj.理想的;完美的　4.appealing adj.有吸引力的　5.commit oneself to使(某人自己)致力于;使 (某人自己) 承诺
【熟词生义】　top v.居……之首;为……之冠
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两个13岁的女孩Natalie和Callie从养帝王蝶的爱好到致力于保护帝王蝶的故事,她们的项目最终获奖且受到好评。
1.B　根据上文“started raising monarch butterflies for fun in 2020(2020年开始为了好玩而饲养帝王蝶)”可知Natalie和Callie以前是把养帝王蝶作为一种爱好,但在意识到帝王蝶是濒危物种后,她们的爱好很快就变成了一项严肃而具有强烈信念的任务。dream梦想;hobby业余爱好;career事业;decision决定。故选B。
2.C　由上文的“the monarchs were an endangered species”和下文的“due to habitat 　3　 and the widespread use of chemicals”“their main diet dangerous to eat”可知,由于种种原因,帝王蝶已经濒危,数量应该是在减少。double(使)加倍;fade逐渐消失;decline减少;explode爆炸。故选C。
3.D　由上文的“the monarchs were an endangered species”和下文的“guarantee a safe environment for the monarchs”可知,此处讲述帝王蝶数量减少的原因,根据下文讲要保护帝王蝶栖息地可得出帝王蝶栖息地遭到破坏是其原因之一。management管理;assessment评估;selection选择;destruction摧毁,破坏。故选D。
4.A　分析句子结构可知,“the monarchs 　4　for their main diet”为定语从句,修饰the milkweed,设空处为定语从句的谓语,此处指帝王蝶所依赖的主要食物是马利筋草。rely on依赖;keep off与……保持距离;break down打破;分解;give away泄露;赠送。故选A。
5.D　由下文的“The garden grew organic milkweed”可知,这个本土花园种植着帝王蝶的主要食物马利筋草,因此是专门为帝王蝶种植的本土花园。partly部分地;secretly秘密地;rarely很少;specially专门地。故选D。
6.A　结合语境可知,这个本土花园种植着帝王蝶的主要食物马利筋草,这会吸引并留住帝王蝶。attract吸引;protect保护;monitor监视;enhance改进,增强。故选A。
7.B　由下文的“they created an exhibition about the monarchs in the local library”可知,她们举办关于帝王蝶展览的目的是提醒人们注意这种生物的现状,并帮助教育当地人维持帝王蝶的数量,呼应下文的“They also wanted to put up an educational sign in town”。employ雇用;educate教育;force迫使;limit限制。故选B。
8.B　根据下文的“To cover the expense”和“the fundraising days”可知,她们还想在镇上张贴一个教育标志,但这花费很大。mean意味着;cost花费;change改变;hurt伤害。故选B。
9.C　由上文的“The garden grew organic milkweed”和本句的“sell their 　9　 milkweed to people to plant”可知,她们种植的是有机的马利筋草,因此卖给人们种的马利筋草应该是健康的。dry干燥的;medical医学的;healthy健康的;wild野生的。故选C。
10.C　根据表示让步关系的连词Although以及下文“they finally succeeded in earning enough money with their hard work and people’s support(在她们的努力工作和人们的支持下,她们终于成功地赚到了足够的钱)”可推知筹款并不顺利,持续的日子很长。pleasing令人愉悦的;light明亮的;long漫长的;disappointing令人失望的。故选C。
11.A　句意:该团队因其照顾帝王蝶的项目获得了银奖,但她们的工作尚未完成。根据上文“So the girls teamed up with a national nonprofit group to plant a native garden 　5　 for the monarchs.”可知,她们为保护帝王蝶设立了一个花园,这是一个项目。project项目;concept概念;schedule工作计划;assignment任务。
12.C　由下文“Our next step is...”可知,她们还有保护帝王蝶的下一步计划,说明她们保护帝王蝶的工作尚未完成。be finished with sth.完成某事。
13.A　根据上文“the widespread use of chemicals (化学制品的广泛使用)”和“their main diet dangerous to eat”可知,因化学制品的广泛使用,帝王蝶的生存环境不安全,所以此处表示要减少化学品的使用,以保证帝王蝶拥有安全的环境。chemical化学制品;time时间;fund基金;energy精力。故选A。
14.D　由下文的“I am so proud of them for their constant 　15　.”可知,这是她们的老师布莱恩对她们的评论。quote引用;continue继续;reply答复;comment评论。故选D。
15.D　由上文可知,二人为了保护帝王蝶,不仅给帝王蝶种食物,做保护帝王蝶的宣传活动,还赚钱来实现目标。由此可知老师为她们的不断努力感到骄傲。donation捐赠;support支持;patience耐心;effort努力。故选D。
【高频词汇】　1.team up with与……合作　2.sustain vt.维持(生命、生存);使稳定持续　3.cover vt.足以支付
4.expense n.费用　5.cut down on减少;削减
6.guarantee vt.& n.保证
【熟词生义】　stand n.货摊;摊位
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