2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第四册同步练习--Unit 6 五年高考练（含答案与解析）
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| 名称 | 2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第四册同步练习--Unit 6 五年高考练（含答案与解析） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-11-14 14:44:53 | ||
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第四册同步
五年高考练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2021全国乙,D)
During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. Annoyed by the level of distraction(干扰) in his open office, he said, “That’s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street—so I can focus.”His comment struck me as strange. After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout(布局). But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.
The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels(分贝), 70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however, the participants in the 70 decibels group—those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop—significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.
But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise—not too loud and not total silence—may actually improve one’s creative thinking ability. The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus. This kind of “distracted focus”appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.
So why do so many of us hate our open offices The problem may be that, in our offices, we can’t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus. Indeed, the researchers found that face to face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.
词汇积累randomly adv.随机地
1.Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space
A.It helps him concentrate.
B.It blocks out background noise.
C.It has a pleasant atmosphere.
D.It encourages face to face interactions.
2.Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability
A.Total silence.
B.50 decibels.
C.70 decibels.
D.85 decibels.
3.What makes an open office unwelcome to many people
A.Personal privacy unprotected.
B.Limited working space.
C.Restrictions on group discussion.
D.Constant interruptions.
4.What can we infer about the author from the text
A.He’s a news reporter.
B.He’s an office manager.
C.He’s a professional designer.
D.He’s a published writer.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2020全国Ⅰ)
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e 4 probe(探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— 1 (touch)down last week in the South Pole Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 2 (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 3 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 4 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山), more so 5 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e 4 6 (find) and study areas of the South Pole Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 7 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 8 (construct).” Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 9 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 10 (it)plans for a future lunar(月球的)base are practical.
词汇积累1.unmanned adj.无人操作的;无人控制的 2.instrument n.仪器;器具;器械;乐器
3.composition n.成分;作品;作文
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
五年高考练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文为说明文。作者得到启示:开放的工作环境有时有利于创造性思维。
1.A 推理判断题。本题题干意为:为什么采访者更喜欢共同工作空间 根据第一段中采访者的这句话“That’s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street—so I can focus.(那就是为什么我在街对面的共同工作空间有会员——这样我就可以集中注意力了。)”可以推断出他之所以喜欢共同工作空间就是因为能集中注意力。
2.C 细节理解题。本题题干意为:哪种背景噪声水平可能提高创造性思维能力 根据第二段中“however, the participants in the 70 decibels group—those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop—significantly outperformed the other groups”和第三段第一句“But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise—not too loud and not total silence—may actually improve one’s creative thinking ability.”可知70分贝的背景噪声水平可能对提高创造性思维能力是有帮助的。
3.D 推理判断题。本题题干意为:是什么让开放式办公室不受很多人欢迎 从最后一段第二句“The problem may be that, in our offices, we can’t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus.”可以推断出,很多人不喜欢开放式的办公室的原因是总在想集中注意力工作时被卷入别人的谈话中,即总是会时不时被打断。
4.D 推理判断题。本题题干意为:关于作者我们能从文章中推断出什么 根据文章第一句“During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer...”可知作者是一位作家。
长难句 原句 The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however, the participants in the 70 decibels group—those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop—significantly outperformed the other groups.
分析 本句中分号连接两个分句,在第二个分句句首出现了表示转折的副词。在第二个分句中,两个破折号中间的部分对前面的“the participants in the 70 decibels group”进行补充说明。
译文 大多数小组之间的差异没有统计意义;然而,70分贝组的参与者——那些置身于噪声水平类似于咖啡店背景聊天声的人——表现得明显优于其他小组。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国发射的嫦娥四号无人探测器在月球背面成功着陆的重大事件。本文旨在激发学生的国家认同感和民族自豪感。
1.touched 考查时态。根据时间状语last week可知设空处需用一般过去时,故填touched。
2.extremely 考查副词。设空处作状语,修饰形容词challenging,需用副词形式;根据提示词可知答案为extremely。
3.where 考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为spot,将先行词代入定语从句后为“It could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth in the spot.”,设空处作地点状语,故填where。
4.interest 考查名词。设空处作介词of的宾语,根据提示词可知设空处需填名词形式,且“be of+抽象名词”是固定结构,故填名词interest。
5.than 考查介词。根据设空处前的more可知设空处填介词than。
6.to find 考查动词不定式。设空处作目的状语,主语Chinese researchers与find为逻辑上的主动关系,故填不定式的主动形式to find。
7.means 考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境及设空处后宾语从句中的谓语动词have可知设空处需用一般现在时;主语it为第三人称单数,故填means。
8.is constructed 考查语态和主谓一致。主语the moon与construct为被动关系,故设空处需用被动语态,主语为the moon,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,故填is constructed。
9.much 考查限定词。设空处后的名词ice作“冰”讲时为不可数名词,根据上下文可知设空处填much。
10.its 考查代词。设空处作名词plans的定语,故需用形容词性物主代词;根据提示词it可知设空处填its。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第四册同步
五年高考练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2021全国乙,D)
During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. Annoyed by the level of distraction(干扰) in his open office, he said, “That’s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street—so I can focus.”His comment struck me as strange. After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout(布局). But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.
The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels(分贝), 70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however, the participants in the 70 decibels group—those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop—significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.
But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise—not too loud and not total silence—may actually improve one’s creative thinking ability. The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus. This kind of “distracted focus”appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.
So why do so many of us hate our open offices The problem may be that, in our offices, we can’t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus. Indeed, the researchers found that face to face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.
词汇积累randomly adv.随机地
1.Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space
A.It helps him concentrate.
B.It blocks out background noise.
C.It has a pleasant atmosphere.
D.It encourages face to face interactions.
2.Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability
A.Total silence.
B.50 decibels.
C.70 decibels.
D.85 decibels.
3.What makes an open office unwelcome to many people
A.Personal privacy unprotected.
B.Limited working space.
C.Restrictions on group discussion.
D.Constant interruptions.
4.What can we infer about the author from the text
A.He’s a news reporter.
B.He’s an office manager.
C.He’s a professional designer.
D.He’s a published writer.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2020全国Ⅰ)
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e 4 probe(探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— 1 (touch)down last week in the South Pole Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 2 (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 3 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 4 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山), more so 5 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e 4 6 (find) and study areas of the South Pole Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 7 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 8 (construct).” Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 9 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 10 (it)plans for a future lunar(月球的)base are practical.
词汇积累1.unmanned adj.无人操作的;无人控制的 2.instrument n.仪器;器具;器械;乐器
3.composition n.成分;作品;作文
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
五年高考练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文为说明文。作者得到启示:开放的工作环境有时有利于创造性思维。
1.A 推理判断题。本题题干意为:为什么采访者更喜欢共同工作空间 根据第一段中采访者的这句话“That’s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street—so I can focus.(那就是为什么我在街对面的共同工作空间有会员——这样我就可以集中注意力了。)”可以推断出他之所以喜欢共同工作空间就是因为能集中注意力。
2.C 细节理解题。本题题干意为:哪种背景噪声水平可能提高创造性思维能力 根据第二段中“however, the participants in the 70 decibels group—those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop—significantly outperformed the other groups”和第三段第一句“But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise—not too loud and not total silence—may actually improve one’s creative thinking ability.”可知70分贝的背景噪声水平可能对提高创造性思维能力是有帮助的。
3.D 推理判断题。本题题干意为:是什么让开放式办公室不受很多人欢迎 从最后一段第二句“The problem may be that, in our offices, we can’t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus.”可以推断出,很多人不喜欢开放式的办公室的原因是总在想集中注意力工作时被卷入别人的谈话中,即总是会时不时被打断。
4.D 推理判断题。本题题干意为:关于作者我们能从文章中推断出什么 根据文章第一句“During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer...”可知作者是一位作家。
长难句 原句 The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however, the participants in the 70 decibels group—those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop—significantly outperformed the other groups.
分析 本句中分号连接两个分句,在第二个分句句首出现了表示转折的副词。在第二个分句中,两个破折号中间的部分对前面的“the participants in the 70 decibels group”进行补充说明。
译文 大多数小组之间的差异没有统计意义;然而,70分贝组的参与者——那些置身于噪声水平类似于咖啡店背景聊天声的人——表现得明显优于其他小组。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国发射的嫦娥四号无人探测器在月球背面成功着陆的重大事件。本文旨在激发学生的国家认同感和民族自豪感。
1.touched 考查时态。根据时间状语last week可知设空处需用一般过去时,故填touched。
2.extremely 考查副词。设空处作状语,修饰形容词challenging,需用副词形式;根据提示词可知答案为extremely。
3.where 考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为spot,将先行词代入定语从句后为“It could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth in the spot.”,设空处作地点状语,故填where。
4.interest 考查名词。设空处作介词of的宾语,根据提示词可知设空处需填名词形式,且“be of+抽象名词”是固定结构,故填名词interest。
5.than 考查介词。根据设空处前的more可知设空处填介词than。
6.to find 考查动词不定式。设空处作目的状语,主语Chinese researchers与find为逻辑上的主动关系,故填不定式的主动形式to find。
7.means 考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境及设空处后宾语从句中的谓语动词have可知设空处需用一般现在时;主语it为第三人称单数,故填means。
8.is constructed 考查语态和主谓一致。主语the moon与construct为被动关系,故设空处需用被动语态,主语为the moon,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,故填is constructed。
9.much 考查限定词。设空处后的名词ice作“冰”讲时为不可数名词,根据上下文可知设空处填much。
10.its 考查代词。设空处作名词plans的定语,故需用形容词性物主代词;根据提示词it可知设空处填its。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
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