2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第四册同步练习--Unit 4　Part 2 Using language（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第四册同步
Part 2　Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Believe in your 　　　　(潜力) and work hard, and you will surely achieve your dream.
2.The value of the donations he has donated to the charity 　　　　(超过) one million yuan.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.The statues created by Henry are superior in many aspects 　　　　　those of his brother’s.
2.To the surprise of the little boy, the door opened 　　　　　(automatic) as he approached.
3.The country has been making remarkable progress through a series of 　　　　　(finance) reforms and developments since the 1990s.
4.As an outstanding manager, she never allows her personal feelings to interfere 　　　　　her work, which is why she can achieve success.
5.With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, the era of 　　　　　(convention) cars may come to an end in the near future.
Ⅲ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
1.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of 　　　　　are his family members.
2.They went to London, 　　　　　they lived for six months.
3.Nobody wants the house 　　　　　windows are all broken.
4.The temple had been repaired, the roof of 　　　　　was destroyed again in the big fire.
5.This is the most delicious food 　　　　　I have ever had.
6.He is the only one of the students in the history department that 　　　　　(have) a good command of French.
题型(二)
用定语从句完成下列句子
1.他们住在一栋高楼里,在楼的前面矗立着一棵大树。
They live in a tall building,　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
2.Football, an interesting sport, is very popular all over the world.(句型转换)
→Football, 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, is very popular all over the world.
3.你还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗 (一句多译)
①Do you remember the day　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　
②Do you remember the day　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.他遗憾地告诉他的雇员们, 公司到去年年底就已经陷入了债务。
He regretfully told his employees that the company 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　by the end of last year.
2.他是在大学时开始对体育表现出兴趣的,体育改变了他的生活。(强调句型)
　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　he began to show interest in sports, which changed his life.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2022河南洛阳联考)
Maijlis Jonsson is a 73 year old living in the centre of Sweden’s capital Stockholm. She leads an active life with her friends, travelling around the city with them and meeting them in coffee shops. However, one issue causes her stress.
Sweden has been steadily moving towards a completely cashless society for a number of years. Cash is now used in less than one in five of all cash transactions (交易) in stores—half the number five years ago. The law says shops can refuse to accept cash. Life thereby can be hard for those unwilling or unable to adapt to the changes. Not everyone hates cash. Maijlis Jonsson is one such person. She must go to a bank in order to pay her friend back for a train ticket bought digitally. “I just don’t know how to do it.”
Niklas Arvidsson, Sweden’s leading expert on the payment system, acknowledges that some people are in danger of being left behind, like the elderly. “We’ve also got a problem with smaller businesses in rural areas where perhaps the telecommunication systems are not working,” he says.
Is Sweden benefiting from all this According to Arvidsson, it is. “Electronic transactions are quicker and cost less in general and make the payment system more efficient.” He also points out that “it is a little bit more difficult in general for the people to get away with not paying taxes or making small thefts without cash”.
Of course, with an increase in digital transactions, the question of data security comes into play. As we do free fall through an increasingly virtual world—and payments over the cloud instead of payments with paper—who has access to our information It is a global problem with no easy solution.
But Arvidsson remains largely positive about cashless transactions. “It feels like a virtual infrastructure is being built...if a highway or a railroad has the capacity to bring people in business closer and increase output, the same thing will happen with technology. I really do believe that once the technology genie is out of the bottle, how do you put it back ”
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1.What upsets Maijlis Jonsson
A.She has to pay without cash. B.She owes her friend some money.
C.She has to draw money from the bank. D.She knows little about the mobile phone.
2.What’s mentioned by Arvidsson as an advantage of digital transactions
A.They help reduce some illegal acts. B.They make paying taxes convenient.
C.They improve telecommunication systems. D.They save the cost of printing paper money.
3.According to the text, what problem will digital transactions bring about
A.They will charge extra fees.
B.They will stimulate overspending.
C.They will pose a threat to data security.
D.They will destroy the computer system.
4.How does Arvidsson show the importance of technology
A.By using study results.
B.By providing examples.
C.By making an analogy(类比).
D.By quoting a famous saying.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2023江苏省海安高级中学期中)
　　The Malaysian night market is based on a concept of open air shopping where street vendors(小贩) occupy a designated street to set up stalls(货摊). The night market is the place where you can hang around the stalls, enjoy the smell of local foods and pick up some items.
Each night market comprises a different combination of stalls. 　1　 There is always something new and exciting to look forward to at each visit.
The night markets are typically from 5 p.m. till 10:30 p.m. You can purchase anything from night markets, such as groceries, clothing, superior local food, hot snacks, household items, fresh produce, and even the latest styles. By around 6 p.m., the market is in full swing as the first groups of people sweep in. For those who cook, there are row upon row of stalls selling fresh seafood, meat products, and a limitless variety of vegetables. 　2　
It is no secret that all night markets share a treasure—tasty street cuisine. 　3　 The ever popular soybean drink and sugarcane juice are a permanent feature here.
　4　 It is thereby not a place for the faint hearted or the gentle. To many, it is a fun and thrilling place to explore. You can even be addicted to discoveries of the antique kind which can be found in some night markets.
Some places are 24 hour markets, which are livelier at night when traders set up numerous stalls selling unusual local food, exotic tropical(热带的) fruits, cheap clothes, second hand goods as well as fresh produce. Visiting a night market here is truly an exciting experience and a feast for people on a tropical night out. The atmosphere is almost festive. 　5　
A.Your curiosity will be satisfied here.
B.There are so many things to see, buy and eat.
C.People would complain about the noises here.
D.Noisy crowds are the hallmark of the night market.
E.It would be a regret not to try on mouth watering local dishes.
F.New items are constantly being added on in line with current trends and market demand.
G.Dried and preserved items such as dried beef and salted eggs are easily available here too.
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2023广东肇庆广信中学等校联考) When I was nine years old, I loved to go fishing with my dad. But the only thing that wasn’t very 　1　 about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn’t. I usually got 　2　 and kept asking him why. He always answered,“Son, if you want to catch a fish, you have to think like a fish.”I remember being even more upset then because“I’m not a fish!”I didn’t know how to 　3　 the same thought. Besides, I 　4　, how could what I thought influence what a fish did As I got a little older I began to understand what my dad really 　5　. So I read some books on fish. And I even joined the local fishing club and started attending their meetings 　6　. I learned that a fish is a cold blooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to water 　7　. Fish 　8　 shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer. Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade. However, fish don’t have eyelids (眼皮) and the sun 　9　 their eyes. The more I understood fish, the more I became effective in finding and 　10　 them. When I grew up and entered the 　11　 circles, I remember hearing my first boss say,“We all need to think like 　12　.”But it didn’t completely 　13　. My dad never once said,“If you want to catch a fish, you need to think like a fisherman.”Years later, with great input to provide long term 　14　 for customers much older and richer than me, I came to realize what we all needed was to think more like the group that we 　15　. 　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　 1.A.content B.fun C.normal D.typical 2.A.amazed B.confused C.curious D.upset 3.A.share B.strike C.predict D.read 4.A.added B.knew C.reasoned D.realized 5.A.said B.experienced C.meant D.claimed 6.A.locally B.finally C.regularly D.usually 7.A.quality B.depth C.height D.temperature 8.A.leave B.prefer C.adjust D.turn 9.A.protects B.catches C.hurts D.reaches 10.A.enjoying B.fishing C.studying D.catching 11.A.business B.agriculture C.government D.administration 12.A.customers B.salespeople C.fishermen D.consultants 13.A.make sense B.make progress C.take effect D.take place 14.A.business B.cooperation C.supervision D.services 15.A.met B.targeted C.trusted D.hired
Part 2　Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.potential　2.exceeds
Ⅱ.1.to　考查介词。句意:亨利创作的雕塑作品在许多方面比他哥哥(创作)的那些要好。be superior to优于,比……优越。
2.automatically　考查副词。句意:令小男孩吃惊的是,当他走近时,门自动开了。设空处修饰动词opened,应用副词作状语。
3.financial　考查形容词。句意:自20世纪90年代以来,该国通过一系列金融改革和发展取得了显著的进步。根据句意可知,设空处修饰名词短语reforms and developments,应用形容词作定语,表示“金融的”,故填financial。
4.with　考查介词。句意:作为一名优秀的经理,她从不让个人感情影响工作。这就是她能取得成功的原因。interfere with妨碍,干扰。
5.conventional　考查形容词。句意:随着新能源汽车的快速发展,传统汽车的时代可能会在不久的将来结束。根据句意可知,设空处修饰名词cars,应用形容词作定语,表示“传统的”,故填conventional。
Ⅲ.题型(一)
1.whom　考查定语从句的关系代词。句意:约翰邀请了大约40人到他的婚礼,其中大多数是他的家人。“most of 　　　　are his family members”是由“代词most+介词of+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词about 40 people,关系代词在从句中作介词of的宾语,指人,故填whom。
2.where　考查定语从句的关系副词。句意:他们去了伦敦,在那儿住了六个月。“　　　　 they lived for six months”为设空处引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词London,定语从句缺少地点状语,故填关系副词where。
3.whose　考查定语从句的关系代词。句意:没有人想要窗户都破了的房子。“　　　　 windows are all broken”为设空处引导的定语从句,修饰先行词house;windows与先行词house是所属关系,因此应该填作定语的关系代词whose。
4.which　考查定语从句的关系代词。句意:那座寺庙已经修过了,但它的屋顶又在大火中被毁了。“the roof of 　　　　was destroyed again in the big fire”为“名词+介词of+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词The temple,关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语,指物,故用which。
5.that　考查定语从句的关系代词。句意:这是我吃过的最美味的食物。“　　　　 I have ever had”为设空处引导的定语从句,修饰先行词food,关系词在定语从句中作had的宾语,指物,应用that或which引导定语从句。当先行词被最高级修饰时,关系代词宜用that,不宜用which;本句中先行词food前有the most delicious修饰,故填that。
6.has　考查定语从句中的主谓一致。句意:他是历史系的学生中唯一精通法语的人。“that 　　　　a good command of French”为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词the only one of the students,关系词that代替先行词在从句中作主语,从句谓语的人称和数应与先行词一致,因此从句谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has。
题型(二)
1.in front of which stands a big tree　2.which is an interesting sport　3.①on which you joined our club
②when you joined our club
Ⅳ.1.had gone into debt　2.It was at university that
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章通过73岁的老人Maijlis Jonsson的亲身经历和专家Niklas Arvidsson的解释阐明了电子支付的优缺点。
1.A　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Cash is now used in less than one in five of all cash transactions (交易) in stores”“The law says shops can refuse to accept cash. Life thereby can be hard for those unwilling or unable to adapt to the changes. Not everyone hates cash. Maijlis Jonsson is one such person.”和“I just don’t know how to do it.”可知,她不会使用非现金支付方式,但现在处处都不用现金,她对不得不用非现金支付方式感到烦恼。故选A。
2.A　细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“it is a little bit more difficult in general for the people to get away with not paying taxes or making small thefts without cash”可知,电子支付让逃避纳税、小额偷窃等一些违法行为变得困难。故选A。
3.C　细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“with an increase in digital transactions,the question of data security comes into play”可知,随着电子交易的发展,数据安全问题开始出现,所以电子交易会对数据安全构成威胁。故选C。
4.C　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“It feels like a virtual infrastructure is being built...if a highway or a railroad has the capacity to bring people in business closer and increase output, the same thing will happen with technology.”可知,Arvidsson认为非现金支付就像是虚拟基础设施建设,科技带来的好处就像修路一样,可以拉近距离,增加输出。由此可知Arvidsson将科技与修路进行了类比,以此来说明科技的重要性。故选C。
【高频词汇】　1.steadily adv.稳定地　2.acknowledge v.承认　3.get away with (做坏事而)未受惩罚　4.come into play开始起作用　5.stimulate v.促使,促进;激励;刺激　6.pose v.造成;引起;产生　pose a threat to...对……构成威胁
【熟词生义】　draw v.提取,支取
【差距词汇】　1.infrastructure n.基础设施　2.genie n.精灵;魔仆
长难句　原句　He also points out that “it is a little bit more difficult in general for the people to get away with not paying taxes or making small thefts without cash”.
分析　该句为主从复合句。that引导宾语从句;宾语从句中的it为形式主语,后面的动词不定式短语为真正的主语。
译文　他还指出了,“一般来说,没有现金的话,那些不纳税或进行小额盗窃的人逃脱惩罚会稍微难一点”。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了马来西亚热闹非凡的夜市。
1.F　细节句。根据下文“There is always something new and exciting to look forward to at each visit.(每次去总有一些令人兴奋的新事物值得期待。)”可知,每次去夜市都会见到新鲜有趣的事物。F项“为了与目前的趋势和市场需求一致,新产品正不断增加。”符合语境,选项中的New items对应下文的something new。故选F。
2.G　细节句。根据上文“For those who cook, there are row upon row of stalls selling fresh seafood, meat products, and a limitless variety of vegetables.(对于那些做饭的人来说,有一排又一排的摊位出售新鲜的海鲜、肉类产品和无限种类的蔬菜。)”可知,此处表示在夜市上可以买到做饭用的食材。G项“像牛肉干和咸鸡蛋等干制和腌制物品在这里也很容易买到。”与做饭食材有关,符合语境。故选G。
3.E　过渡句。根据上文“It is no secret that all night markets share a treasure—tasty street cuisine.(众所周知,所有夜市都有一个共同的宝藏,那就是美味的街头菜肴。)”和下文“The ever popular soybean drink and sugarcane juice are a permanent feature here.(广受欢迎的大豆饮料和甘蔗汁是这里永恒的特色。)”可知,本段介绍的是夜市的街头菜肴。结合选项可知E项“如果不尝尝令人垂涎的当地菜肴,那就太遗憾了。”符合本段内容,承接上文提到的美味菜肴,建议读者去享用,同时引出下文列举特色饮料的例子,符合语境。故选E。
4.D　细节句。根据下文“It is thereby not a place for the faint hearted or the gentle.(因此,这里不适合胆小或温柔的人。)”可知,空处解释了夜市不适合胆小或温柔的人的原因。D项“喧闹的人群是夜市的标志。”符合该原因,与下文衔接顺畅,符合语境。故选D。
5.B　细节句。根据本段第一句的内容可知,有些地方是24小时营业的市场,到了晚上更加热闹,商贩们会摆起许多摊位,出售不同寻常的当地食品、异国风味的热带水果、便宜的衣服、二手商品和新鲜农产品。B项“有那么多东西要看、要买、要吃。”呼应了本段首句,符合语境。故选B。
【高频词汇】　1.comprise v.包括　2.typically adv.通常;典型地　3.cuisine n.菜肴;烹饪;风味　4.permanent adj.永恒的;长期不变的　5.thrilling adj.令人激动的　6.be addicted to... 对……入迷　7.feast n.使人欢快的事物(或活动);盛宴,宴会;节日
【熟词生义】　produce n.农产品
【差距词汇】　1.in full swing在热烈进行中;处于兴盛阶段　2.exotic adj.来自异国的;异国风味的;异国情调的
3.festive adj.欢乐的;喜庆的;节日的　4.hallmark n.特征,标志　5.mouth watering adj.令人垂涎的,非常好吃的
长难句　原句　Some places are 24 hour markets, which are livelier at night when traders set up numerous stalls selling unusual local food, exotic tropical fruits, cheap clothes, second hand goods as well as fresh produce.
分析　本句为主从复合句。主句为“Some places are 24 hour markets”,其后是which引导的非限制性定语从句,这个定语从句中还含有一个when引导的定语从句,修饰先行词night,其中“selling...produce”为现在分词短语作定语,修饰stalls。
译文　有些地方是24小时营业的市场,到了晚上更加热闹,商贩们会摆起许多摊位,出售不同寻常的当地食品、异国风味的热带水果、便宜的衣服、二手商品和新鲜农产品。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小时候父亲教作者钓鱼,告诉他像鱼一样思考才能钓到鱼,多年后进入商界的作者通过父亲的话并结合多年的实践认识到应该像客户一样思考。
1.B　句意:但跟父亲去钓鱼唯一不是很有趣的是,他能捕到很多鱼,而我不能。根据后文“he could catch many fish while I couldn’t”可知,因为父亲能钓到很多鱼而作者钓不到,所以作者对这一点感到无趣。上文中的“loved”给出了提示。A.满足的;B.有趣的;C.正常的;D.典型的。故选B。
2.D　句意:我通常变得沮丧,不停地问他为什么。联系前文可知作者钓不到鱼,所以心情很沮丧。后文中的“I remember being even more upset then”给出了提示。A.吃惊的;B.困惑的;C.好奇的;D.沮丧的。故选D。
3.A　根据前文可知父亲告诉作者像鱼一样思考才能钓到鱼。根据前文“I’m not a fish!”可知,作者无法认为自己是一条鱼,所以不知道如何“像鱼一样思考”。A.有同样的感情(或想法、经历等);B.碰撞;C.预测;D.阅读。故选A。
4.C　句意:此外,我推断着,我的想法怎样才能影响鱼的行为呢 根据空后的“how could what I thought influence what a fish did ”可知,空后是作者内心的想法,结合选项可知C项(推断)符合语境,用reason一词突出了作者的不解。A.补充说;B.知道;D.意识到。故选C。
5.C　句意:长大些后,我开始明白我父亲的真正意思。这里指的是父亲让他像鱼一样思考的意思。A.说;B.经历,体验;C.意思是;D.宣称。故选C。
6.C　根据前文“And I even joined the local fishing club”可知,作者加入了当地的钓鱼俱乐部,所以会定期参加该俱乐部的聚会。A.在本地;B.最后;C.定期地;D.通常。故选C。
7.D　句意:我了解到鱼是冷血动物,因此对水温非常敏感。根据前文“a fish is a cold blooded animal”及后文“Fish 　8　 shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer.”可知,鱼是冷血动物,浅水区比深水区温暖,鱼会根据水温来寻找适合的地方,由此推测鱼对水温敏感。下文谈到的也是水温问题。A.质量;B.深度;C.高度;D.温度。故选D。
8.B　句意:鱼更喜欢浅水而不是深水,因为前者更温暖。根据后文“because the former is warmer”可知,因为浅水区更温暖,所以鱼偏爱浅水区。A.离开;B.偏爱;C.适应;D.转身。故选B。
9.C　根据常识和前文“fish don’t have eyelids (眼皮)”可知,鱼没有眼皮,所以阳光会伤害到它的眼睛。A.保护;B.抓住;C.伤害;D.到达。故选C。
10.D　句意:我越了解鱼,我就越能有效地发现并捕捉它们。根据前文的“So I read some books on fish.And I even joined the local fishing club...I learned that...their eyes.”可知,作者在不断地了解鱼。结合设空处所在句及前文提到的父亲告诉作者想要钓到鱼就要像鱼一样思考,于是作者开始了解鱼可推测出此处指作者对鱼越了解,就越能钓到鱼。“finding and 　10　 them”指发现并钓到鱼,结合选项可知D项(抓住)符合语境,指“发现并捕捉它们”,故选D。文章第一段中的“he could catch many fish”也是提示。
11.A　句意:当我长大进入商界后,我记得听我的第一任老板说过,“我们都需要像销售人员一样思考。”根据后文“customers much older and richer than me...”可知,作者的工作是服务顾客,由此推知他进入了商界。A.商业;B.农业;C.政府;D.管理。 故选A。
12.B　句意:同上。根据后文“My dad never once said, ‘If you want to catch a fish, you need to think like a fisherman.’”可知,作者的父亲从未说过“如果你想钓到一条鱼,你需要像渔夫一样思考”,由此进行类比可知此处用salespeople对应fisherman。A.顾客;B.销售员;C.渔夫;D.顾问。故选B。
13.A　句意:但这完全说不通。根据空后句的内容可知,作者的父亲从未说过“如果你想钓到一条鱼,你需要像渔夫一样思考”,再结合下文作者通过实践最终认识到的道理可知,老板的话根本说不通,应该向客户一样思考而不是像销售人员一样思考。A.有道理,讲得通;B.取得进步;C.见效;D.发生。故选A。
14.D　句意:多年后,我努力为比我年长和富有得多的客户提供长期服务,我开始意识到我们都需要的是更像我们的目标群体一样思考。根据后文“for customers much older and richer than me”可知,此处指为比作者年长和富有得多的客户提供长期服务。A.生意;B.合作;C.监督;D.服务。故选D。
15.B　句意:同上。根据本段的描述可知作者意识到应像父亲说的那样像自己的目标群体一样思考,站在他们的角度思考问题,而不是作者的第一任老板说的那样像自己所在的位置上的人一样思考。由此可知此处指要像我们的目标群体一样去思考。A.遇见;B.面向(某群体);C.信任;D.雇用,租用。故选B。
【高频词汇】　1.upset adj.不高兴的,沮丧的
2.sensitive adj.敏感的　3.shallow adj.浅的;浅薄的
4.the former前者　5.effective adj.有效的
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