2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第四册同步练习--Unit 6 Part 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Part 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.He had to withdraw from the final match because he strained (拉伤) his (肌肉) badly when practicing.
2.Online communication is (简单的), and people like to use funny images to relax the atmosphere.
Ⅱ.一词多义
1.They discussed the problem from every conceivable angle and thought twice before making a decision.
词性: 词义:
2.He entered the room and angled the mirror so as to reflect light from the window.
词性: 词义:
3.Thanks to the angle at which she stood, she could see the sunrise clearly.
词性: 词义:
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.The English teacher asked me if I would mind fetching the textbook for him the office.
2.The students benefitting most from college are those who are totally engaged academic life.(2019北京)
3.A man may suffer many disappointments in his quest truths, but he should never give up.
4.Space travel can be so delightful but at the same time (invisible) dangerous. Therefore, it requires a thoughtful plan.
5.The athlete (suspend) for taking a banned drug last month.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.这个新成立的研究小组由该领域的几位杰出的学者组成。(composed)
The newly founded research group several outstanding scholars in this field.
2.毫无疑问,我从学习弹钢琴中获益很多,并且我会继续全身心追逐我的音乐梦想。(doubt)
I have benefitted a lot from learning to play the piano and I will continue to throw myself into the pursuit of my music dream.(2023全国乙写作)
3.人们认为这位历史人物的故事给了孩子们克服困难的意志力和勇气。(consider)
the story of this historical figure gives children willpower and courage to overcome difficulties.(2023全国甲写作)
4.她难过得一句话也说不出来,只是不停哭泣。(倒装句)
that she couldn’t speak a word, but kept crying.(读后续写—心理描写)
5.从长远来看,早睡被认为对你的身心健康有益。(一句多译:believe)
①Going to sleep early beneficial to your physical and psychological health in the long run.
② going to sleep early is beneficial to your physical and psychological health in the long run.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
The night sky has been an endless source of 1 (fascinate) since the start of human history. In reality, humans can see very little of the night sky with the naked eye. And, for 2 long while, people were unable to understand 3 they could see. Not knowing what the stars were, the ancient people made use of 4 (they) imaginations to create a world in the sky.
Almost 400 years after the first Earth based telescope 5 (invent), the Hubble Space Telescope was launched into orbit, 6 (give) astronomers as well as all of us the first breathtakingly beautiful images of our universe which were taken from beyond Earth. To see even 7 (far) into the universe, many countries are now committed to building ever more advanced telescopes. 8 (current), China operates the world’s largest and most powerful radio telescope, the FAST telescope, 9 (complete) in 2016.
The Hubble and the other space telescopes will allow us to see further and further into space. So much of the universe remains unexplored 10 we are still close to the beginning of this unbelievable journey of discovery.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
(2023吉林东北师大附中期末)
Should humans explore space If you ask me, I’ll definitely give a positive answer.
Space exploration has a direct impact on the lives of humans, as well as the state of our world. Satellites moving around the earth make communication across the world possible, connecting people of different continents and broadcasting information worldwide. Furthermore, weather satellites can forecast harmful weather conditions, which allows humans to prepare for deadly natural disasters and saves lives.
Space programs can also indirectly lead to the solution to poverty and world hunger. For example, large plots of land can be used far better if humans apply technologies. The most effective tool is the artificial satellite. It can screen areas of land within a very short time, indicating useful information, such as the condition of crops, soil, rainfall, and droughts. It can then transmit the information to ground stations on the earth for better use.
In recent years,space based technologies have become an important factor to reach and expand global health objectives. Information provided by remote technologies can be applied to studying epidemiology. These data provided by space technologies can monitor disease patterns, understand the environmental causes that spread the disease, make predictions about where it can spread in the future, and make plans to fight it efficiently.
Furthermore, space exploration is something we can do for future generations. Mankind is using the resources on the planet, but these will run out one day. Overpopulation can be an existential threat to all mankind. Conceivably, with the advancement of cosmic space technology, it will be wise to use and explore the vast potential of other planets, such as the availability of mineral resources on asteroids or other planets.
For the exploration of the universe, perhaps the most awesome and advantageous of all is that it will unite us to work together for a common purpose, regardless of our differences.
1.What can space exploration do according to Paragraph 2
A.Improve the traffic on the earth. B.Promote travel between countries.
C.Help prevent deadly natural disasters. D.Help humans communicate and spread information.
2.How can space programs help solve poverty and world hunger
A.By benefiting crop production with artificial satellites.
B.By transporting food worldwide more easily.
C.By creating job opportunities for the poor.
D.By protecting available land resources.
3.What does the writer think of mining resources on other planets
A.Time wasting. B.Arguable. C.Unnecessary. D.Rewarding.
4.What is the text
A.An advertisement. B.An argumentative essay.
C.A speech. D.A news report.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2022广东珠海期末)
Water doesn’t currently exist on Mars’ surface, but it used to. About 4 billion years ago, something happened to Mars’ atmosphere, and most of the liquid water 1 (disappear) due to harmful radiation. But some of 2 may still be underground. Could those ancient water holes contain life
China’s Tianwen 1 mission will search 3 the existing water by radar fixed on the Mars rover(火星车). The European Space Agency’s spacecraft found evidence for subsurface water, 4 (use) radar from space, but this is the first time a Mars rover has searched from the ground.
Tianwen 1 will also give China 5 (value) Mars experience and lay the foundation for a sample return mission planned for 6 end of the 2020s. Getting Martian samples back to the Earth is a top priority for the scientific community. Despite the impressive advances 7 (make) in placing science instruments on spacecraft, only the technology on Earth, 8 can test samples accurately, is to verify the presence or absence of life in a sample.
On April 7, 2001, the United States launched the “U.S. probe” Mars Odyssey, which landed on Mars 9 (successful). Mars Odyssey is still orbiting Mars, testing the planet’s geology and climate and looking for signs of life and water. More countries exploring Mars means more 10 (opportunity) for global cooperation. Space exploration brings out the best in us all. When more nations work together, every one wins.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅳ.读后续写
(2022山东广饶县第一中学月考)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
At high noon in 2050 a large spaceship floated gently down out of a blue sky to land on the front grassland of the national political center. It remained unmoved for the next five hours while the leader ship center was busy with activity. The President was transferred and then the army moved in with troops, tanks and helicopters. Fighters rushed overhead. The headquarters called emergency meetings as a frightened world held its breath.
At exactly 5:00 p.m. of the local time, a small door opened in the side of the aircraft and a human like creature stepped out.
It wasn’t that alarming. About three feet tall, it had a large head on a small body with two long thin legs. And there were feather like horns growing from its head as well as from what could have been a tail if it had been a bird. But it moved like a human and wore a one piece uniform of a shining gold metal material. Walking to the nearest soldier, it stopped short, its two unnaturally large eyes twinkling twice. Then in a perfect English language firmly, it said, “Take me to your honored leader.”
After many military and political fights, the request was accepted. Standing before the President, who was seated at his desk in the egg shaped office surrounded by half a dozen secret agents, the little bowed. “President and Chief Commander, I come to you as an ambassador of an ancient and distinguished race. Please realize that you’re dealing with beings of such power that their purpose must be friendly or you’d have already been destroyed in my opinion.”
It paused, touching its feather. “I myself am Mooba. My kind is respected throughout the universe as the finest of translators. I must tell you that the Xxlepis ship has been at the edge of your solar system for a year now while I’ve been studying your languages and customs on their behalf. I know everything here to know about all of you.”
The President smiled half heartedly, “Should I find that comforting ”
Mooba brightened, saying, “Of course, because I know I seldom make mistakes.” He shrugged. “I’ll admit to a few, but none that wasn’t corrected.”
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
He added, “I’m sorry to inform you of some facts of their existence.
Paragraph 2:
Mooba continued, “Out of politeness I will teach you something about the customs of the Xxlepis tomorrow. I, however, warn you in advance.
Part 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.muscle(s) 2.straightforward
Ⅱ.1.名词;观点,立场 句意:他们从可以想到的每一个立场讨论了这个问题,再三考虑后才作出决定。
2.动词;斜置 句意:他进了房间,把镜子调成一定角度,以便反射从窗户照进来的光。
3.名词;角度 句意:由于她站的角度合适,她可以很清楚地看到日出。
Ⅲ.1.from 考查介词。fetch sth. from...意为“从……取来某物”。故填from。
2.in 考查介词。句意:从大学中受益最多的是那些完全参与学术生活的学生。 be engaged in...意为“参与……,从事于……”。
3.for 考查介词。句意:一个人在追求真理的过程中可能会遭受许多令人失望的事,但他绝不应该放弃。the quest for...意为“对……的追求”,故填for。
4.invisibly 考查副词。句意:太空旅行可能会令人非常愉快,但同时又可能存在无形的危险。因此,太空旅行需要周密的计划。根据句意可知,此处修饰形容词dangerous,应用副词作状语,表示“无形地,看不见地”,故填invisibly。
5.was suspended 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:这名运动员上个月因服用违禁药物而被暂时停职。根据时间状语last month可知应用一般过去时;主语The athlete与suspend之间是被动关系,表示“被暂时停职”,应用被动语态;主语为第三人称单数形式,谓语也应用第三人称单数形式,故填was suspended。
Ⅳ.1.is composed of 2.There is no doubt that 3.It is considered that 4.So sad was she 5.①is believed to be ②It is believed that
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.fascination(s) 考查名词。由设空处前面的介词of并结合语境可知此处应用名词作of的宾语。由语境可知此处表示“魅力”,应用名词fascination;fascination表示“魅力”时既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词,空前没有冠词等限定词,故填fascination(s)。
2.a 考查冠词。句意:而且很长一段时间,人们无法理解他们能看到的东西。while在此处是名词,for a long while为固定搭配,意为“很长一段时间”。故用不定冠词a。
3.what 考查名词性从句。“ 3 they could see”为设空处引导的宾语从句,作understand的宾语,意思为“他们能看到的东西”;设空处在从句中作see的宾语,表示“……的东西”,故填what。
4.their 考查代词。句意:古代的人们因为不知道星星是什么,所以用他们的想象创造了一个天上的世界。根据设空处后的名词imaginations及提示词they可以判断,此处应用形容词性物主代词their,表示“他们的”。
5.was invented 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。根据语境及上文中“Almost 400 years after”和下文中的was可知表示过去发生的事,应用一般过去时;the first Earth based telescope与invent之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,且此处的主语the first Earth based telescope是单数名词短语,故填was invented。句意:在第一个地面望远镜被发明近四百年后,哈勃太空望远镜被发射到轨道上,给了天文学家还有我们所有人第一批从地球以外拍摄到的我们的宇宙令人叹为观止的美丽图像。
6.giving 考查现在分词。主句中已有谓语动词was launched,设空处应用非谓语动词形式作状语。由语境可知此处表示自然而然的结果,故用现在分词作结果状语。
7.further 考查比较级。句意:为了更深入地观察宇宙,许多国家现在都致力于建造更先进的望远镜。由设空处前面的even可以判断此处应该用比较级形式,表示“更深入地,更进一步地”,故填further。
8.Currently 考查副词。设空处位于句首,作状语修饰整个句子,应用副词,故填Currently,意为“目前”。
9.completed 考查过去分词。句中已有谓语动词operates,设空处应用非谓语动词形式;设空处在此处作定语,修饰前面的the FAST telescope,the FAST telescope与complete之间为逻辑上的被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。
10.that 考查状语从句。句意:宇宙中有太多东西仍未被探索,我们仍然离这一不可思议的发现之旅的开始很近。由前面的So可以判断,此处填that,构成So...that...结构。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇议论文。文章主要就人类是否应该探索太空展开,论述了太空探索对人类的种种影响和好处。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知,卫星使世界各地的通信成为可能,连接不同大陆的人们并向全世界传播信息。由此可知,太空探索可以帮助人类交流和传播信息。故选D。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知,如果人类应用技术,大片土地可以被更好地利用;人造卫星可以在很短的时间内检测土地区域,显示有用的信息,如作物状况、土壤状况、降雨量和干旱情况,然后将这些信息传回地面,以便人们更好地利用土地。由此可知,太空计划利用人造卫星促进作物生产,以此来帮助解决贫困和世界饥饿问题。故选A。
3.D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Conceivably...it will be wise to use and explore the vast potential of other planets, such as the availability of mineral resources on asteroids or other planets.(可以想象的是,随着宇宙空间技术的进步,利用和探索其他行星的巨大潜力将是明智的,例如小行星或其他行星上的矿产资源的可用性)”可推知,作者认为在其他星球上开采资源是有益的。故选D(值得做的,有益的)。A.浪费时间的;B.可疑的,可论证的;C.不必要的。
4.B 推理判断题。文章第一段就提出了这篇文章的话题:人类应该探索太空吗 然后文章就人类是否应该探索太空展开论述,包括太空探索对人类的影响,比如帮助人类交流和传播信息,协助解决贫困和世界饥饿问题等。文章最后表明共同合作探索太空的美好愿景。由此可推知,本文是一篇议论文。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.definitely adv.肯定,当然;确切地
2.broadcast v.传播,散布;播送 3.forecast v.预测
4.artificial adj.人造的;人工的 5.efficiently adv.高效率地 6.run out 用完,耗尽 7.availability n.可用性
【熟词生义】 screen v.筛查;检测;保护;审查;筛选
【差距词汇】 1.transmit v.传送;输送;播送
2.epidemiology n.流行病学 3.asteroid n.小行星
长难句 原句 These data provided by space technologies can monitor disease patterns, understand the environmental causes that spread the disease, make predictions about where it can spread in the future, and make plans to fight it efficiently.
分析 本句为主从复合句。monitor、understand、第一个make和第二个make为and连接的并列成分,与monitor前的can一起构成主句的谓语动词。“provided by space technologies”为过去分词作定语,修饰主句主语These data。“that spread the disease”为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词causes。“where it can spread in the future”为where引导的宾语从句,作介词about 的宾语。
译文 空间技术提供的这些数据可以监测疾病模式,了解传播疾病的环境原因,预测疾病未来可能在何处传播,并制订有效的防治计划。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了不同国家探索火星的情况,重点介绍了中国的天问一号火星探测器。
1.disappeared 考查时态。此处是在说由于有害的辐射,大部分液态水消失了。句中and连接两个并列分句,设空处为and后的分句的谓语动词。根据and前的分句的时间状语About 4 billion years ago及语境可知,and后与and前说的是同一时期的事,都是描述过去发生的事情,需要用一般过去时,故填disappeared。
2.it 考查代词。句意:但是有些液态水可能仍然在地下。根据句意可知,设空处指代前文的liquid water,water是不可数名词,需要用代词it来指代。
3.for 考查介词。句意:中国的天问一号任务将通过固定在火星车上的雷达来寻找现存的水。search for表示“寻找”,是固定搭配,故填for。
4.using 考查现在分词。此处是说欧洲航天局的航天器利用来自太空的雷达发现了地表水存在的证据。分析句子结构可知,设空处所在句是并列复合句,句中的but连接两个并列分句。but前的分句中已有谓语found,设空处应用非谓语动词作状语;use与其逻辑主语The European Space Agency’s spacecraft之间是主动关系,需要用现在分词形式,故填using。
5.valuable 考查形容词。句意:天问一号还将为中国提供宝贵的火星经验,并为计划于21世纪20年代末进行的样本返回任务奠定基础。此处需要用形容词作定语,修饰名词experience,表示“宝贵的”,故填valuable。
6.the 考查冠词。此处表特指,指21世纪20年代末,应用定冠词the。the end of...表示“……的末尾”,故填the。
7.made 考查过去分词。此处是说尽管在航天器上放置科学仪器方面已经取得了令人印象深刻的进步,但只有地球上的技术才能准确测试样本,才能核实样本中是否存在生命。分析句子结构可知,设空处所在句是主从复合句,主句是“only the technology on Earth is to verify the presence or absence of life in a sample”,“Despite the impressive...on spacecraft”为介词短语作状语,“ 8 can test samples accurately”为非限制性定语从句。主句中已有谓语动词is,故此处应用非谓语动词形式;make与其逻辑主语advances之间为被动关系,此处应用过去分词作后置定语,修饰名词advances,故填made。
8.which 考查定语从句。“ 8 can test samples accurately”为设空处引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the technology on Earth,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,故填which。
9.successfully 考查副词。设空处修饰landed,应用副词作状语;此处表示“成功登陆火星”,设空处意为“成功地”,故填successfully。
10.opportunities 考查名词的数。此处表示更多的国家探索火星意味着更多的全球合作机会。根据前文的More countries和空前的more可知此处应用名词复数,和前文的countries对应,故填opportunities。
【高频词汇】 1.foundation n.基础;基本原理
2.impressive adj.给人印象深刻的;令人赞叹的
3.instrument n.器械;工具 4.accurately adv.精确地
5.cooperation n.合作 6.bring out 使显现;使表现;生产
【差距词汇】 verify v.核实
Ⅳ.
写作指导
情节线 情感线
时间 2050年的一个正午 外星人降 落地球, 恐慌紧张 外星人走 出来,不是 很令人恐惧 斗争,妥协 与总统 交谈,气 氛缓和
地点 国家政治中心
人物 外星人Mooba,总统
开端 在2050年的一个正午,一艘大型宇宙飞船从蓝天上缓缓降落在国家政治中心前的草地上。
发展 外星人想见总统。
高潮 外星人的请求被接受,他与总统进行了交谈。
Para. 1 He added,“I’m sorry to inform you of some facts of their existence. ①他向总统讲述了外星人存在的什么事实 ②他为什么来地球 ③外星人对地球人有什么认识
Para. 2 Mooba continued,“Out of politeness I will teach you something about their customs of the Xxlepis tomorrow. I, however, warn you in advance. ①Mooba就他们的习俗向总统提出了什么警告 ②Xxlepis人有什么样的性格特点 ③如果地球人冒犯了他们会怎样
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
He added,“I’m sorry to inform you of some facts of their existence. What you have to see is that you human beings are not the only species in the universe. On the contrary, there are some others more appealing than you. Considering trouble in mutual understanding whether in languages or customs, they sent me here as an ambassador. I admit that yours is the most intelligent on this planet and that your kind is also the only species believing that they themselves are in charge of the whole planet.”
Paragraph 2:
Mooba continued, “Out of politeness I will teach you something about the customs of the Xxlepis tomorrow. I, however, warn you in advance.First of all, although highly developed intellectually, the Xxlepis are emotionally fragile and quick to feel offended if their customs are not carefully followed. Also, they are so stubborn in most ways that if you offend them in a not friendly way, you will not attain the benefits which they might have offered. Personally, the Xxlepis have completely distinguished customs, which you have been longing for.”
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Part 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.He had to withdraw from the final match because he strained (拉伤) his (肌肉) badly when practicing.
2.Online communication is (简单的), and people like to use funny images to relax the atmosphere.
Ⅱ.一词多义
1.They discussed the problem from every conceivable angle and thought twice before making a decision.
词性: 词义:
2.He entered the room and angled the mirror so as to reflect light from the window.
词性: 词义:
3.Thanks to the angle at which she stood, she could see the sunrise clearly.
词性: 词义:
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.The English teacher asked me if I would mind fetching the textbook for him the office.
2.The students benefitting most from college are those who are totally engaged academic life.(2019北京)
3.A man may suffer many disappointments in his quest truths, but he should never give up.
4.Space travel can be so delightful but at the same time (invisible) dangerous. Therefore, it requires a thoughtful plan.
5.The athlete (suspend) for taking a banned drug last month.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.这个新成立的研究小组由该领域的几位杰出的学者组成。(composed)
The newly founded research group several outstanding scholars in this field.
2.毫无疑问,我从学习弹钢琴中获益很多,并且我会继续全身心追逐我的音乐梦想。(doubt)
I have benefitted a lot from learning to play the piano and I will continue to throw myself into the pursuit of my music dream.(2023全国乙写作)
3.人们认为这位历史人物的故事给了孩子们克服困难的意志力和勇气。(consider)
the story of this historical figure gives children willpower and courage to overcome difficulties.(2023全国甲写作)
4.她难过得一句话也说不出来,只是不停哭泣。(倒装句)
that she couldn’t speak a word, but kept crying.(读后续写—心理描写)
5.从长远来看,早睡被认为对你的身心健康有益。(一句多译:believe)
①Going to sleep early beneficial to your physical and psychological health in the long run.
② going to sleep early is beneficial to your physical and psychological health in the long run.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
The night sky has been an endless source of 1 (fascinate) since the start of human history. In reality, humans can see very little of the night sky with the naked eye. And, for 2 long while, people were unable to understand 3 they could see. Not knowing what the stars were, the ancient people made use of 4 (they) imaginations to create a world in the sky.
Almost 400 years after the first Earth based telescope 5 (invent), the Hubble Space Telescope was launched into orbit, 6 (give) astronomers as well as all of us the first breathtakingly beautiful images of our universe which were taken from beyond Earth. To see even 7 (far) into the universe, many countries are now committed to building ever more advanced telescopes. 8 (current), China operates the world’s largest and most powerful radio telescope, the FAST telescope, 9 (complete) in 2016.
The Hubble and the other space telescopes will allow us to see further and further into space. So much of the universe remains unexplored 10 we are still close to the beginning of this unbelievable journey of discovery.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
(2023吉林东北师大附中期末)
Should humans explore space If you ask me, I’ll definitely give a positive answer.
Space exploration has a direct impact on the lives of humans, as well as the state of our world. Satellites moving around the earth make communication across the world possible, connecting people of different continents and broadcasting information worldwide. Furthermore, weather satellites can forecast harmful weather conditions, which allows humans to prepare for deadly natural disasters and saves lives.
Space programs can also indirectly lead to the solution to poverty and world hunger. For example, large plots of land can be used far better if humans apply technologies. The most effective tool is the artificial satellite. It can screen areas of land within a very short time, indicating useful information, such as the condition of crops, soil, rainfall, and droughts. It can then transmit the information to ground stations on the earth for better use.
In recent years,space based technologies have become an important factor to reach and expand global health objectives. Information provided by remote technologies can be applied to studying epidemiology. These data provided by space technologies can monitor disease patterns, understand the environmental causes that spread the disease, make predictions about where it can spread in the future, and make plans to fight it efficiently.
Furthermore, space exploration is something we can do for future generations. Mankind is using the resources on the planet, but these will run out one day. Overpopulation can be an existential threat to all mankind. Conceivably, with the advancement of cosmic space technology, it will be wise to use and explore the vast potential of other planets, such as the availability of mineral resources on asteroids or other planets.
For the exploration of the universe, perhaps the most awesome and advantageous of all is that it will unite us to work together for a common purpose, regardless of our differences.
1.What can space exploration do according to Paragraph 2
A.Improve the traffic on the earth. B.Promote travel between countries.
C.Help prevent deadly natural disasters. D.Help humans communicate and spread information.
2.How can space programs help solve poverty and world hunger
A.By benefiting crop production with artificial satellites.
B.By transporting food worldwide more easily.
C.By creating job opportunities for the poor.
D.By protecting available land resources.
3.What does the writer think of mining resources on other planets
A.Time wasting. B.Arguable. C.Unnecessary. D.Rewarding.
4.What is the text
A.An advertisement. B.An argumentative essay.
C.A speech. D.A news report.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2022广东珠海期末)
Water doesn’t currently exist on Mars’ surface, but it used to. About 4 billion years ago, something happened to Mars’ atmosphere, and most of the liquid water 1 (disappear) due to harmful radiation. But some of 2 may still be underground. Could those ancient water holes contain life
China’s Tianwen 1 mission will search 3 the existing water by radar fixed on the Mars rover(火星车). The European Space Agency’s spacecraft found evidence for subsurface water, 4 (use) radar from space, but this is the first time a Mars rover has searched from the ground.
Tianwen 1 will also give China 5 (value) Mars experience and lay the foundation for a sample return mission planned for 6 end of the 2020s. Getting Martian samples back to the Earth is a top priority for the scientific community. Despite the impressive advances 7 (make) in placing science instruments on spacecraft, only the technology on Earth, 8 can test samples accurately, is to verify the presence or absence of life in a sample.
On April 7, 2001, the United States launched the “U.S. probe” Mars Odyssey, which landed on Mars 9 (successful). Mars Odyssey is still orbiting Mars, testing the planet’s geology and climate and looking for signs of life and water. More countries exploring Mars means more 10 (opportunity) for global cooperation. Space exploration brings out the best in us all. When more nations work together, every one wins.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅳ.读后续写
(2022山东广饶县第一中学月考)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
At high noon in 2050 a large spaceship floated gently down out of a blue sky to land on the front grassland of the national political center. It remained unmoved for the next five hours while the leader ship center was busy with activity. The President was transferred and then the army moved in with troops, tanks and helicopters. Fighters rushed overhead. The headquarters called emergency meetings as a frightened world held its breath.
At exactly 5:00 p.m. of the local time, a small door opened in the side of the aircraft and a human like creature stepped out.
It wasn’t that alarming. About three feet tall, it had a large head on a small body with two long thin legs. And there were feather like horns growing from its head as well as from what could have been a tail if it had been a bird. But it moved like a human and wore a one piece uniform of a shining gold metal material. Walking to the nearest soldier, it stopped short, its two unnaturally large eyes twinkling twice. Then in a perfect English language firmly, it said, “Take me to your honored leader.”
After many military and political fights, the request was accepted. Standing before the President, who was seated at his desk in the egg shaped office surrounded by half a dozen secret agents, the little bowed. “President and Chief Commander, I come to you as an ambassador of an ancient and distinguished race. Please realize that you’re dealing with beings of such power that their purpose must be friendly or you’d have already been destroyed in my opinion.”
It paused, touching its feather. “I myself am Mooba. My kind is respected throughout the universe as the finest of translators. I must tell you that the Xxlepis ship has been at the edge of your solar system for a year now while I’ve been studying your languages and customs on their behalf. I know everything here to know about all of you.”
The President smiled half heartedly, “Should I find that comforting ”
Mooba brightened, saying, “Of course, because I know I seldom make mistakes.” He shrugged. “I’ll admit to a few, but none that wasn’t corrected.”
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
He added, “I’m sorry to inform you of some facts of their existence.
Paragraph 2:
Mooba continued, “Out of politeness I will teach you something about the customs of the Xxlepis tomorrow. I, however, warn you in advance.
Part 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.muscle(s) 2.straightforward
Ⅱ.1.名词;观点,立场 句意:他们从可以想到的每一个立场讨论了这个问题,再三考虑后才作出决定。
2.动词;斜置 句意:他进了房间,把镜子调成一定角度,以便反射从窗户照进来的光。
3.名词;角度 句意:由于她站的角度合适,她可以很清楚地看到日出。
Ⅲ.1.from 考查介词。fetch sth. from...意为“从……取来某物”。故填from。
2.in 考查介词。句意:从大学中受益最多的是那些完全参与学术生活的学生。 be engaged in...意为“参与……,从事于……”。
3.for 考查介词。句意:一个人在追求真理的过程中可能会遭受许多令人失望的事,但他绝不应该放弃。the quest for...意为“对……的追求”,故填for。
4.invisibly 考查副词。句意:太空旅行可能会令人非常愉快,但同时又可能存在无形的危险。因此,太空旅行需要周密的计划。根据句意可知,此处修饰形容词dangerous,应用副词作状语,表示“无形地,看不见地”,故填invisibly。
5.was suspended 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:这名运动员上个月因服用违禁药物而被暂时停职。根据时间状语last month可知应用一般过去时;主语The athlete与suspend之间是被动关系,表示“被暂时停职”,应用被动语态;主语为第三人称单数形式,谓语也应用第三人称单数形式,故填was suspended。
Ⅳ.1.is composed of 2.There is no doubt that 3.It is considered that 4.So sad was she 5.①is believed to be ②It is believed that
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.fascination(s) 考查名词。由设空处前面的介词of并结合语境可知此处应用名词作of的宾语。由语境可知此处表示“魅力”,应用名词fascination;fascination表示“魅力”时既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词,空前没有冠词等限定词,故填fascination(s)。
2.a 考查冠词。句意:而且很长一段时间,人们无法理解他们能看到的东西。while在此处是名词,for a long while为固定搭配,意为“很长一段时间”。故用不定冠词a。
3.what 考查名词性从句。“ 3 they could see”为设空处引导的宾语从句,作understand的宾语,意思为“他们能看到的东西”;设空处在从句中作see的宾语,表示“……的东西”,故填what。
4.their 考查代词。句意:古代的人们因为不知道星星是什么,所以用他们的想象创造了一个天上的世界。根据设空处后的名词imaginations及提示词they可以判断,此处应用形容词性物主代词their,表示“他们的”。
5.was invented 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。根据语境及上文中“Almost 400 years after”和下文中的was可知表示过去发生的事,应用一般过去时;the first Earth based telescope与invent之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,且此处的主语the first Earth based telescope是单数名词短语,故填was invented。句意:在第一个地面望远镜被发明近四百年后,哈勃太空望远镜被发射到轨道上,给了天文学家还有我们所有人第一批从地球以外拍摄到的我们的宇宙令人叹为观止的美丽图像。
6.giving 考查现在分词。主句中已有谓语动词was launched,设空处应用非谓语动词形式作状语。由语境可知此处表示自然而然的结果,故用现在分词作结果状语。
7.further 考查比较级。句意:为了更深入地观察宇宙,许多国家现在都致力于建造更先进的望远镜。由设空处前面的even可以判断此处应该用比较级形式,表示“更深入地,更进一步地”,故填further。
8.Currently 考查副词。设空处位于句首,作状语修饰整个句子,应用副词,故填Currently,意为“目前”。
9.completed 考查过去分词。句中已有谓语动词operates,设空处应用非谓语动词形式;设空处在此处作定语,修饰前面的the FAST telescope,the FAST telescope与complete之间为逻辑上的被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。
10.that 考查状语从句。句意:宇宙中有太多东西仍未被探索,我们仍然离这一不可思议的发现之旅的开始很近。由前面的So可以判断,此处填that,构成So...that...结构。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇议论文。文章主要就人类是否应该探索太空展开,论述了太空探索对人类的种种影响和好处。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知,卫星使世界各地的通信成为可能,连接不同大陆的人们并向全世界传播信息。由此可知,太空探索可以帮助人类交流和传播信息。故选D。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知,如果人类应用技术,大片土地可以被更好地利用;人造卫星可以在很短的时间内检测土地区域,显示有用的信息,如作物状况、土壤状况、降雨量和干旱情况,然后将这些信息传回地面,以便人们更好地利用土地。由此可知,太空计划利用人造卫星促进作物生产,以此来帮助解决贫困和世界饥饿问题。故选A。
3.D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Conceivably...it will be wise to use and explore the vast potential of other planets, such as the availability of mineral resources on asteroids or other planets.(可以想象的是,随着宇宙空间技术的进步,利用和探索其他行星的巨大潜力将是明智的,例如小行星或其他行星上的矿产资源的可用性)”可推知,作者认为在其他星球上开采资源是有益的。故选D(值得做的,有益的)。A.浪费时间的;B.可疑的,可论证的;C.不必要的。
4.B 推理判断题。文章第一段就提出了这篇文章的话题:人类应该探索太空吗 然后文章就人类是否应该探索太空展开论述,包括太空探索对人类的影响,比如帮助人类交流和传播信息,协助解决贫困和世界饥饿问题等。文章最后表明共同合作探索太空的美好愿景。由此可推知,本文是一篇议论文。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.definitely adv.肯定,当然;确切地
2.broadcast v.传播,散布;播送 3.forecast v.预测
4.artificial adj.人造的;人工的 5.efficiently adv.高效率地 6.run out 用完,耗尽 7.availability n.可用性
【熟词生义】 screen v.筛查;检测;保护;审查;筛选
【差距词汇】 1.transmit v.传送;输送;播送
2.epidemiology n.流行病学 3.asteroid n.小行星
长难句 原句 These data provided by space technologies can monitor disease patterns, understand the environmental causes that spread the disease, make predictions about where it can spread in the future, and make plans to fight it efficiently.
分析 本句为主从复合句。monitor、understand、第一个make和第二个make为and连接的并列成分,与monitor前的can一起构成主句的谓语动词。“provided by space technologies”为过去分词作定语,修饰主句主语These data。“that spread the disease”为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词causes。“where it can spread in the future”为where引导的宾语从句,作介词about 的宾语。
译文 空间技术提供的这些数据可以监测疾病模式,了解传播疾病的环境原因,预测疾病未来可能在何处传播,并制订有效的防治计划。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了不同国家探索火星的情况,重点介绍了中国的天问一号火星探测器。
1.disappeared 考查时态。此处是在说由于有害的辐射,大部分液态水消失了。句中and连接两个并列分句,设空处为and后的分句的谓语动词。根据and前的分句的时间状语About 4 billion years ago及语境可知,and后与and前说的是同一时期的事,都是描述过去发生的事情,需要用一般过去时,故填disappeared。
2.it 考查代词。句意:但是有些液态水可能仍然在地下。根据句意可知,设空处指代前文的liquid water,water是不可数名词,需要用代词it来指代。
3.for 考查介词。句意:中国的天问一号任务将通过固定在火星车上的雷达来寻找现存的水。search for表示“寻找”,是固定搭配,故填for。
4.using 考查现在分词。此处是说欧洲航天局的航天器利用来自太空的雷达发现了地表水存在的证据。分析句子结构可知,设空处所在句是并列复合句,句中的but连接两个并列分句。but前的分句中已有谓语found,设空处应用非谓语动词作状语;use与其逻辑主语The European Space Agency’s spacecraft之间是主动关系,需要用现在分词形式,故填using。
5.valuable 考查形容词。句意:天问一号还将为中国提供宝贵的火星经验,并为计划于21世纪20年代末进行的样本返回任务奠定基础。此处需要用形容词作定语,修饰名词experience,表示“宝贵的”,故填valuable。
6.the 考查冠词。此处表特指,指21世纪20年代末,应用定冠词the。the end of...表示“……的末尾”,故填the。
7.made 考查过去分词。此处是说尽管在航天器上放置科学仪器方面已经取得了令人印象深刻的进步,但只有地球上的技术才能准确测试样本,才能核实样本中是否存在生命。分析句子结构可知,设空处所在句是主从复合句,主句是“only the technology on Earth is to verify the presence or absence of life in a sample”,“Despite the impressive...on spacecraft”为介词短语作状语,“ 8 can test samples accurately”为非限制性定语从句。主句中已有谓语动词is,故此处应用非谓语动词形式;make与其逻辑主语advances之间为被动关系,此处应用过去分词作后置定语,修饰名词advances,故填made。
8.which 考查定语从句。“ 8 can test samples accurately”为设空处引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the technology on Earth,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,故填which。
9.successfully 考查副词。设空处修饰landed,应用副词作状语;此处表示“成功登陆火星”,设空处意为“成功地”,故填successfully。
10.opportunities 考查名词的数。此处表示更多的国家探索火星意味着更多的全球合作机会。根据前文的More countries和空前的more可知此处应用名词复数,和前文的countries对应,故填opportunities。
【高频词汇】 1.foundation n.基础;基本原理
2.impressive adj.给人印象深刻的;令人赞叹的
3.instrument n.器械;工具 4.accurately adv.精确地
5.cooperation n.合作 6.bring out 使显现;使表现;生产
【差距词汇】 verify v.核实
Ⅳ.
写作指导
情节线 情感线
时间 2050年的一个正午 外星人降 落地球, 恐慌紧张 外星人走 出来,不是 很令人恐惧 斗争,妥协 与总统 交谈,气 氛缓和
地点 国家政治中心
人物 外星人Mooba,总统
开端 在2050年的一个正午,一艘大型宇宙飞船从蓝天上缓缓降落在国家政治中心前的草地上。
发展 外星人想见总统。
高潮 外星人的请求被接受,他与总统进行了交谈。
Para. 1 He added,“I’m sorry to inform you of some facts of their existence. ①他向总统讲述了外星人存在的什么事实 ②他为什么来地球 ③外星人对地球人有什么认识
Para. 2 Mooba continued,“Out of politeness I will teach you something about their customs of the Xxlepis tomorrow. I, however, warn you in advance. ①Mooba就他们的习俗向总统提出了什么警告 ②Xxlepis人有什么样的性格特点 ③如果地球人冒犯了他们会怎样
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
He added,“I’m sorry to inform you of some facts of their existence. What you have to see is that you human beings are not the only species in the universe. On the contrary, there are some others more appealing than you. Considering trouble in mutual understanding whether in languages or customs, they sent me here as an ambassador. I admit that yours is the most intelligent on this planet and that your kind is also the only species believing that they themselves are in charge of the whole planet.”
Paragraph 2:
Mooba continued, “Out of politeness I will teach you something about the customs of the Xxlepis tomorrow. I, however, warn you in advance.First of all, although highly developed intellectually, the Xxlepis are emotionally fragile and quick to feel offended if their customs are not carefully followed. Also, they are so stubborn in most ways that if you offend them in a not friendly way, you will not attain the benefits which they might have offered. Personally, the Xxlepis have completely distinguished customs, which you have been longing for.”
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