2024译林版高中英语必修第三册同步练习--Unit 1　Part 3　Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024译林版高中英语必修第三册同步
Part 3　Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.We should spare no effort to carry out this 　　　　(/ p l si/) and benefit the public.
2.Taking targeted measures to help people lift themselves out of 　　　　(贫穷) is effective.
3.I got an opportunity for f　　　　 studies abroad, improving my knowledge greatly.
Ⅱ.一词多义
1.Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. (2022全国新高考Ⅱ)
词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　
2.The food was being processed in the workshop when the light was cut off.
词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　
Once the registration form is received and processed, we will send a confirmation email within two business days.(2022全国新高考Ⅱ)
词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.People are not 　　　　　(entire) wise in the way they value things.
2.A new witness will be called on by the lawyer to speak 　　　　　 defence of his client. 3.The polluted air became 　　　　　(poison), so it is high time that we took action to protect the environment.
4.The local government doesn’t have to sacrifice(牺牲) environmental protection to promote 　　　　　(economy) growth.(2020天津5月)
5.We were lost in a national park that did not 　　　　　(official) open.
6.Workers are making a protest 　　　　　 high unemployment.
7.Low levels of choline(胆碱) in the body can give rise 　　　　　 high blood pressure.
8.In order to reduce the cost and make more 　　　　　(profit), some food companies don’t take necessary safety measures to guarantee the food quality.
9.We 　　　　　(discuss) the problem for quite a long time, but we haven’t reached any conclusions yet.
10.I thought I should have my own money and plan how 　　　　　 (spend) it.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.被邀请参加晚会是极大的荣幸。(it)
　　　　 　　　　a great honor　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 to the evening party.
2.你学习英语很努力,汤姆也是。
You work hard at English, 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
3.她点了点头,脸上绽开了灿烂的笑容。(with的复合结构;spread)
She nodded,　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 across her face. (读后续写—神态描写)
4.虽然她病了一个多月,但她努力学习,结果她通过了考试。(一句多译)
①Though she had been ill for over a month, she studied hard and　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
②Though she had been ill for over a month, she passed the examination　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
The host invites three guests to the TV show News that Matters to discuss the problem of pollution in Norgate. The three have different opinions.
James Smith, a local resident, protests　1　 heavy industry. When he first moved here,the air used to be fresh, the grass green and the water clear, but things became 　2　(entire) different after heavy industry factories moved in. The river is dirty and smelly and the sky grey. He has even got a cough 　3　 he can’t get rid of. For health and safety 　4　(reason) alone, he thinks heavy industry has to go.
However, Vincent Brown, senior manager of　5　 local factory, doesn’t agree with Mr Smith. In 　6　(defend) of factories, he says they are responsible businessmen. They have taken a lot of measures 　7　(reduce) pollution while 　8　(produce) goods despite the fact that production costs are raised. Besides, they have created many jobs for local residents and helped the city’s 　9　(economy) growth.
Julie Archer, chief of the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee, says that fighting pollution needs a joint effort, and everyone can help by following the golden rule: reduce, reuse and recycle. In this way, a balance between the environment and economic development can　10　 (achieve).
1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　 6.　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　
9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　
Ⅱ.阅读理解
(2023江苏常州月考)
Seagrass meadows(海草床) are wonderful plants growing beneath the sea. They feed and shelter sea life and are good at storing carbon. Thanks to the assistance of tiger sharks, a huge seagrass meadow in the Bahamas Banks was recently discovered, offering the world a tool to fight climate change.
Seagrass has usually been detected by Earth-orbiting satellites that identify darker patches in the blue water. In this study, tiger sharks were selected as research tools due to their highly consistent associations with seagrass ecosystems. They spend 70% of their time in seagrass meadows. The team equipped eight tiger sharks with satellite tags(电子监控器), seven sharks with camera tags, and fix a 360-degree camera on a shark for the first time ever.
The data researchers collected was astonishing. The world’s largest seagrass ecosystem, measuring at least 66,900 square kilometers, has been discovered. This reflects a 41% increase from previous estimates of global seagrass. Seagrass can capture(捕获) huge quantities of carbon by photosynthesis(光合作用) and store it to the seafloor. In terms of climate change, this is excellent news; seagrass is 35 times faster in storing carbon than tropical rainforests. When referring to global seagrass carbon stock estimates, the study indicates that seagrass in the Bahamas may contain 19.2% to 26.3% of all the carbon stored in seagrass meadows on Earth.
Yet seagrass meadows are rapidly disappearing, with over 92% of meadows in the UK gone, according to the World Wildlife Fund. Scientists are collecting seeds and trying to grow new seagrass meadows through restoration projects. This new discovery offers optimism and proves the importance of the ocean for healing.
The sharks led us to the seagrass ecosystem in the Bahamas, which we now know is likely the most significant blue carbon sink(碳汇) on the planet. What this discovery shows us is that ocean exploration and research are essential for a healthy future. The untapped potential of the ocean is limitless. These meadows can be protected and can be replicated(复制), offering hope for climate change around the globe.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1.Why were tiger sharks chosen as research tools
A.Because they are more flexible than other sea animals.
B.Because they can quickly adjust themselves to the deep sea.
C.Because they have a strong connection with seagrass ecosystems.
D.Because they can be easily equipped with experimental devices.
2.What are the numbers in Paragraph 3 mainly about
A.The decline of global seagrass meadows.
B.The impact of climate change on sea life.
C.The rapid increase in the amount of carbon on Earth.
D.The potential value of the world’s largest seagrass ecosystem.
3.What are scientists doing to protect seagrass
A.Planting more seagrass meadows.
B.Developing new technology to collect seeds.
C.Mapping the distribution of seagrass meadows.
D.Encouraging people to join in restoration projects.
4.Which could be the best title for the text
A.The New Way of Removing Carbon
B.The Significance of Ocean Exploration
C.A New Discovery:the World’s Largest Seagrass Meadow
D.Tiger Sharks:Scientists’ Essential Helper to Study Climate
Ⅲ.七选五
(2022湖南衡阳市田家炳实验中学期中)
Should We Create More National Parks
Don’t you find it worrying that more and more species of animals are in real danger of extinction 　1　 And I think the best way to do this for governments is to create more national parks.
　2　 If this environment is destroyed—for example, when farmers clear a forest for new fields, or trees are cut down for making money—many animals are unable to survive, and more species are likely to become extinct.
In addition, national parks protect animals from the danger of being hunted. A major reason why many species are endangered is that the animals are killed by hunters. They hunt animals to make profits. 　3　
On the other hand, some people protest against the creation of national parks because they consider it wrong to interfere with nature. They believe that wild animals are happier if living in their natural environment. 　4　
They also point out that a few species are more likely to produce young animals in the wild than in national parks.
All in all, these disadvantages are far less important than the benefits of national parks, because these parks allow animals to live in a safe environment.　5　
A.They say that though the animals may face danger, they enjoy a free life.
B.Firstly, national parks protect the animals’ natural environment.
C.To begin with, animals are important to humans.
D.I personally believe that we must save these animals.
E.There is a heated discussion about whether to create more national parks.
F.In fact, they protect animals from their greatest enemies—human beings.
G.Some hunters even hunt animals simply for sport.
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　
Ⅳ.读后续写
(2023江苏南通阶段练习)
　　阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My husband Frank and I lived a simple life—carrying lunch to work, skipping vacations, and staying in. But it was our fifteenth wedding anniversary, so we decided to choose an expensive Italian restaurant.
Halfway through our very delicious dinner, Frank and I noticed that the two diners at the table on our right seemed to be looking for something under their table and all around. The elegantly dressed woman appeared to be in her late seventies, and the much younger male companion looked like her son. The woman kept touching her ear.
“Did you lose an earring ” I asked.
The woman shook her head and looked worried.
“My hearing aid,” she said. “My son finally convinced me to get it this week, and it’s so expensive, and...” she trailed off. “My son’s eyesight is better than mine, but he can’t find it either.”
No waiters seemed to be helping, and the other Saturday night diners seemed to be purposely ignoring the small commotion.
Frank stood up immediately. “Let me look,” he offered. “You never know, maybe a fresh eye will spot it.”
“Oh, it’s very small, and it’s the same color as the floor,” the woman said, adding, “I don’t want to bother you.”
“That’s OK, let me try,” Frank said, and dropped to a crouch, moving a few inches at a time, eyes and hands sweeping back and forth.
Meanwhile, I stood over their table, scrutinizing(仔细检查), moving the dishes, using a fork to look under the bread in the basket, running my hands over the tablecloth, shifting the plates.
“Thank you so much, you two,” the woman said. “But I’m afraid it’s lost forever. Your dinner’s getting cold; please don’t worry.”
I saw tears forming in her eyes. Soon, her son sank back into his chair, too. But Frank kept looking until one of them thanked him again, and he too, finally sat down to finish eating.
Ten minutes later, as we were finishing our entrées, the mother and son were sipping coffee, silent.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
“I ’m going to take one more look,” my husband said. 　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Paragraph 2:
　　Frank smiled and said,“ You are welcome. I ’m just glad to be of help.” 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
答案与分层梯度式解析
Part 3　Extended reading, Project,
Assessment & Further study
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.policy　2.poverty　3.further
Ⅱ.1.名词;过程　句意:对大多数人来说,写文章是一个困难的过程。
2.动词;加工　句意:食品正在车间被加工,这时灯灭了。
3.动词;处理　句意:一旦收到并处理报名表后,我们将在两个工作日内发送确认邮件。
Ⅲ.1.entirely　考查副词。设空处修饰形容词wise,所以应用副词形式。故填entirely。
2.in　考查介词。in defence of意为“为……辩护”。故填in。句意:律师将要求一位新的证人为他的当事人辩护。
3.poisonous　考查形容词。设空处在句中作表语,应用形容词,表示“有毒的”。故填poisonous。句意:被污染的空气变得有毒,所以是我们采取行动保护环境的时候了。
4.economic　考查形容词。设空处在句中作定语修饰growth,应用形容词。故填economic。economic growth 经济的增长。句意:地方政府不必为了促进经济的增长而牺牲环境保护。
5.officially　考查副词。设空处修饰动词open,应用副词,表示“正式地”。故填officially。句意:我们在一个还没有正式开放的国家公园里迷路了。
6.against　考查介词。a protest against...为固定搭配,意为“对……的抗议”。句意:工人们正在抗议高失业率。
7.to　考查介词。give rise to为固定搭配,意为“使发生(或存在)”。句意:体内胆碱含量低可引发高血压。
8.profits　考查固定搭配。make profits意为“获得利润”。故填profits。句意:为了降低成本和获得更多的利润,一些食品公司没有采取必要的安全措施来保证食品质量。
9.have been discussing　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据“for quite a long time”和“but we haven’t reached any conclusions yet”可知,问题还没讨论完,所以用现在完成进行时。主语为We,故填have been discussing。句意:这个问题我们已经讨论了很长时间,但还没有得出任何结论。
10.to spend　考查不定式。“疑问词+不定式”作宾语,结合空前的how可知此处应用不定式。故填to spend。
Ⅳ.1.It is;to be invited　2.and so does Tom　3.with a big smile spreading　4.①as a consequence she passed the examination　②as a consequence of studying hard
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.against　考查介词。protest against...表示“反对……”,故填against。
2.entirely　考查副词。设空处修饰形容词different,应用副词,故填entirely。
3.that/which　考查定语从句的关系词。设空处无提示词,分析句子可知,设空处引导定语从句,并在从句中作宾语,先行词为cough,故填that或which。
4.reasons　考查名词的数。此处reason为可数名词,空前没有限定词,应用复数形式。故填reasons。
5.a　考查冠词。此处表泛指,指“一家当地工厂”,local的发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。
6.defence　考查名词。in defence of...表示“为……辩护”,故填defence。
7.to reduce　考查不定式。take measures to do sth.表示“采取措施做某事”,故填to reduce。
8.producing　考查现在分词。空前为while,分析句子成分可知,“while 　8　 goods”是时间状语从句的省略形式,完整形式为“while they are producing goods”,从句谓语含有be动词,且从句主语和主句主语一致,此处省略了they are,故填producing。
9.economic　考查形容词。设空处修饰名词growth,应用形容词。economic growth 经济增长。
10.be achieved　考查动词的语态。此处与can一起构成谓语,achieve与主语之间是被动关系,故填be achieved。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海草生态系统可以通过光合作用捕获碳并将其储存在海底,为对抗全球气候变化带来希望。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“tiger sharks were selected as research tools due to their highly consistent associations with seagrass ecosystems”可知,虎鲨被选为研究工具的原因是它们与海草生态系统有着密切的联系。故选C。
2.D　推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知,世界上最大的海草生态系统已被发现,面积至少为66,900平方千米;结合最后一句可知,该研究表明,巴哈马的海草可能含有地球上海草床中所有碳储量的19.2%至26.3%。由此推知,第三段提到的数字是关于世界上最大的海草生态系统的潜在价值的,故选D。
3.A　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Scientists are collecting seeds and trying to grow new seagrass meadows through restoration projects.”可知,科学家们正在收集种子,并试图通过恢复项目种植新的海草床。故选A。
易错归因　此题易误选B项,根据第四段第二句中的“Scientists are collecting seeds”可知,科学家们正在收集种子,而不是“开发收集种子的新技术”,所以B项错误。
4.C　主旨大意题。通读全文可知,第一、二段介绍了在虎鲨的帮助下,人们在巴哈马浅滩发现了一片巨大的海草床,为世界提供了应对气候变化的工具;第三至第五段则介绍了海草生态系统的作用和意义。所以推知,本文主要是介绍一项新发现:世界上最大的海草床。故选C。
【高频词汇】　 1.shelter v.庇护;遮蔽 　2.assistance n.帮助,援助　3.detect v.发现,识别　4.identify v.确认;发现　5.consistent adj.一贯的;持续的　6.association n.联系;协会 　7.reflect v.显示;表明　8.estimate n.估计,估价;判断　9.in terms of就……而言
【差距词汇】　1.patch n.片,块　2.tropical adj.热带的
长难句　原句　When referring to global seagrass carbon stock estimates, the study indicates that seagrass in the Bahamas may contain 19.2% to 26.3% of all the carbon stored in seagrass meadows on Earth.
分析　这是一个主从复合句。When引导时间状语从句;that引导宾语从句,“stored in seagrass meadows on Earth”为过去分词短语作后置定语。
译文　当提到全球海草碳储量估算时,该研究表明,巴哈马的海草可能含有地球上海草床中所有碳储量的19.2%至26.3%。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　这是一篇议论文。作者认为应该建更多的国家公园来保护濒临灭绝的野生动物,并阐述了理由。
1.D　上文提出问题,指出越来越多的物种濒临灭绝,这一事实令人担忧,下文说明作者的想法——政府应建更多的国家公园,由此可知,D项“我个人认为我们必须救助这些动物”承上启下,符合语境,下一句中的this指代D项中的“save these animals”,故选D。
2.B　本段主要讲要保护动物生存的自然环境,B项“首先,国家公园保护动物的自然环境”符合语境,下文中的“this environment”指代B项中的“the animals’ natural environment”,故选B。
3.G　上文讲述猎人为了赚取利润猎杀动物,G项“一些猎人甚至仅仅为了消遣猎杀动物”也是在说猎人捕杀动物的目的,故选G。
4.A　设空处上文和下文都在讲述那些反对建国家公园的人的理由,因此A项“他们说尽管动物可能会面临危险,但它们享受自由的生活”也是在讲反对的人的理由,符合语境,故选A。
5.F　根据上文“...the benefits of national parks...allow animals to live in a safe environment.”可知,本段总结全文,说明建国家公园的利大于弊,此处为本段最后一句, 结合选项可知,F项“事实上,它们保护动物免受它们最大的敌人——人类的伤害”符合语境,再次强调国家公园的好处,F项中的they指代上文中的national parks,故选F。
【高频词汇】　1.in danger of处于……的危险之中　2.cut down砍倒　3.be likely to do...很可能做……　4.in addition另外,此外　5.point out指出　6.all in all总而言之　7.benefit n.好处
【差距词汇】　interfere v.干扰;干涉
长难句　原句　If this environment is destroyed—for example, when farmers clear a forest for new fields, or trees are cut down for making money—many animals are unable to survive, and more species are likely to become extinct.分析　本句为主从复合句。If引导条件状语从句;when引导时间状语从句,从句中or连接两个并列的分句;主句中and连接两个并列分句。
译文　如果这个环境被破坏了——例如,当农民为了新田地而清除森林,或者为了赚钱而砍伐树木——许多动物就无法生存,更多的物种就有可能灭绝。
Ⅳ.
写作指导
情节线 情感线
故事 要素 Time on the fifteenth wedding anniversary,during the dinner 开心 好奇 担心 失落、伤心(母子) 惊喜、欣慰 感激(母子)
Place in an Italian restaurant
Character Frank, the author, the old woman, the son
Reason An old woman lost her hearing aid while Frank and I were having dinner in an Italian restaurant.
情节 Period 1 作者夫妇选择一家昂贵的意大利餐厅度过他们的十五周年结婚纪念日。
Period 2 作者夫妇在晚餐吃到一半时,发现右边桌子的母子在找东西,询问后知道老人丢失了助听器。
Period 3 作者夫妇帮着这对母子寻找,但是没有找到,最终他们都放弃了寻找。
续写 方向 Para. 1 “I’m going to take one more look,” my husband said. ①Frank是如何找的 ②助听器失而复得,老太太的心情怎样
Para. 2 Frank smiled and said, “You are welcome. I’m just glad to be of help.” ①找到助听器后Frank做了什么 ②老太太母子会有怎样的感谢
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
“I’m going to take one more look,” my husband said. Then, with his head down, he rummaged carefully, not caring about the mess, only worrying about missing a detail. Time went by bit by bit, and hard work paid off. “Ah! Here it is.” With a burst of surprise, Frank finally found a grape-sized hearing aid. The item he found was the elegantly dressed woman’s missing hearing aid. After cleaning the hearing aid up, the woman put it on. They thanked Frank from the bottom of their hearts.
Paragraph 2:
Frank smiled and said,“You are welcome. I’m just glad to be of help.” Frank came back to our table. We drank coffee and happily recalled the sweet life together. We imagined the bright future together. Later, the old lady and her son said goodbye and checked out. When we wanted to check out as well, the waiter told us that the two previous diners had checked out for us and left a note that said, “Thank you. Your help is like a lifeline, which makes me grateful. Best wishes, kind people.”
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