2024译林版高中英语必修第三册同步练习--Unit 2　Part 3　Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024译林版高中英语必修第三册同步
Part3　Extended reading,Project,Assessment&Further study
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The house is tied to the job, so we’ll have to move when I 　　　　(退休).
2.The scenery there is so fascinating that it is totally 　　　　(/b j nd/) description.
3.Venice is one of the hottest tourist 　　　　(目的地) in the world.
4.The volcano 　　　　(爆发) and killed all the wildlife living in this area.
5.Our village is making efforts to transform its development p　　　　 to promote green growth.
Ⅱ.一词多义
Suddenly, he felt a sharp pain in his stomach.
词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　
2.Please equip yourself with a sharp pencil and a rubber for the exam.
词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　
3.The police always take advantage of dog’s sharp sense of smell to search for the survivors in the earthquake.
词性:　　　　词义:　　　　
4.The past two years has witnessed a sharp increase in oil prices, which adds to the burden of the auto transportation industry.
词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
Fortunately, the little girl was rescued　　　　　 the burning building.
2.Negative people tend to spend much time worrying about the
　　　　　(distance) future.
3.The　　　　　(locate) of these beaches makes them major sites for development.
4.It was reported that the main stadium took 　　　　　 form of a big shell.
5.We watched in amazement when fire broke 　　　　　 outside the spaceship.
6.It meant that they would suffer from parting,loneliness as well as 　　　　　(bear) pain forever.
7.He was the first student in our high school 　　　　　(admit) to Peking University.
8.We have entered an age 　　　　　 dreams have the best chance of coming true.
9.The shadows tell me that the sun 　　　　　(do) much travel since I fell asleep.
10.If necessary, we will grow some water lilies in the pond, which 　　　　　(locate) at the back of our house.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.然而,其他人持有相反的意见,认为我们应该使文化遗址保持原样,妥善保护它。
However, other people hold an opposite opinion that we should 　　　　
　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 and protect it properly.
2.似乎过了一个世纪,飞机终于恢复正常。(what)
After 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 a century, the plane eventually turned normal.
3.她丈夫冲回家,却发现门锁上了。(不定式作状语;find+宾语+宾补)
Her husband rushed home, 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
4.自从戒烟以来,他一直心情不好。
He　　　　 　　　　 in a bad mood
　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Pompeii, a typical Roman city, was seen as a model of the whole Roman Empire. The glassy water of the port was　1　(crowd) with trading ships. Above all, Mount Vesuvius’s ashy rocks might have warned the city 　2　 would happen on THE LAST DAY OF POMPEII!
At dawn the crowd looked upwards and saw a huge cloud　3　(shoot) from the top of the volcano. Women started to cry, but men looked at each other silently. The earth began to shake, and beyond in 　4　 distance, they heard the crash of falling roofs. A moment later, the mountain-cloud seemed 　5　(roll) towards them, throwing out ashes and huge pieces of burning stone. Each hurried 　6　(blind) and fearfully on, with family members separated from each other. The earthquake came 　7　 life in Pompeii ended.
Nearly seventeen centuries　8　(pass) before the city of Pompeii was dug out. 　9　(it) remains survive to remind us that human 　10　(life) burn bright and short.
　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　 6.　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　
9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　
Ⅱ.阅读理解
(2023中国人民大学附属中学期中)
In a natural disaster—a hurricane, a flood, a volcanic eruption, or other catastrophes—minutes and even seconds of warning can make the difference between life and death. Because of this, scientists are working to use the latest technological advances to predict when and where disasters will happen. They are also studying how best to analyze and communicate this information once it is obtained.
On September 29,1998, Hurricane Georges made landfall in Biloxi, Mississippi, after damaging Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, and several islands of the Caribbean badly with heavy rain and winds up to 160 km per hour. Few people lost their lives along the Gulf Coast of the United States, although hundreds died in the Caribbean. This was a very different result from 1900, when a powerful Gulf Coast hurricane made an unexpected direct hit on Galveston, Texas, killing at least 6,000 people. Vastly improved hurricane warnings explained the different circumstances at the end of the 20th century—residents of Galveston had no advance warning that a storm was approaching, while residents of Biloxi had been warned days in advance, allowing for extensive safety precautions(预防).
At the same time when people in Biloxi were thankful for the advance warning, some residents of New Orleans, Louisiana were less satisfied. A day before Georges made landfall, forecasters were predicting that the hurricane had a good chance of striking New Orleans.Emergency management officials must begin evacuation(疏散) well before it strikes. But evacuation costs money. The mayor of New Orleans estimated that his city’s preparations for Georges cost more than $50 million. After Georges missed New Orleans, some residents questioned the value of the hurricane forecasts in the face of such high costs.
The different views on the early warnings of Hurricane Georges show some of the complexity (复杂性) related to predicting disasters. Disaster prediction is a process of providing scientific information for the government officials and other decision-makers who must respond to those predictions.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1.What is the purpose of disaster prediction according to the passage
A.To find out the cause of disasters.
B.To save people’s lives.
C.To prevent natural disasters from happening.
D.To apply advanced technology to disaster prediction.
2.In which area did a hurricane cause the most deaths
A.Puerto Rico.　　　　B.New Orleans.　　　
C.Biloxi.　　　　 D.Galveston.
3.Why were the city residents of New Orleans unsatisfied
A.Because their preparations were made in vain.
B.Because the hurricane warning arrived rather late.
C.Because the forecast hurricane did not hit the city.
D.Because they suffered from a heavy hurricane attack.
4.What does the passage mainly talk about
A.The different ways of disaster prediction.
B.Technological advances in disaster prediction.
C.The benefits and preparations of disaster prediction.
D.The importance and uncertainty of disaster prediction.
Ⅲ.七选五
(2023湖南长沙市长郡中学校考期中)
Die clicks a button and watches as her neighborhood is flooded. The shorelines are first to go. 　 1　 By the time seawater reaches the senior center, it has flooded streets at large and over a dozen brick homes. Die moves her head up and down, side to side, taking in the simulated(仿真的)view. This is what could happen to Turner Station, a historic African American community in the southeast of Baltimore, as sea level rises.
Climate change presents many challenges to coastal communities and to those trying to prepare for its impacts, but one of the most basic is also one of the most bothersome:　2　 Communicating the realness and immediacy(紧迫性)of the climate threat is hugely important to climate researchers and those aiming to cut down what it causes. But it’s also the most important to communities faced with coming changes that are already unavoidable. 　3　 That’s why Die and other residents are being directed to sit in metal chairs, put on virtual reality headsets and watch their homes flooded.
　4　 It has teamed up with the Port of Baltimore, a few nonprofit organizations and a local landscape architecture firm to adopt a range of tools and ways to communicate climate change to the public, because every person is different and every place is different.
The virtual reality program is only the most recent, and perhaps the most effective procedure. 　 5　 But tricking people is not the goal of the sea level rise simulation(模拟) being used at Turner Station, says James, one of the program’s developers.“The goal,” he says, “is to start a conversation and help folks imagine the impacts of climate change and the solutions, and also discuss the trade-offs between them.”
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A.Then, the baseball fields at the Fleming Park.
B.Virtual reality is the product of the rapid development of it.
C.These projects need public support and input.
D.Does the community depend on the shipping industry for its survival
E.How do you show people and convince them of a possible future
F.Virtual reality is an immersive experience(沉浸式体验) that can trick the human brain into thinking it’s real.
G.Turner Station, a community which gets flooded easily, is trying to prepare.
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　
Ⅳ.读后续写
(2023湖南校联考开学考试)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day, my husband Mike and I decided to climb Nippletop. Our friends Emily and Jane gladly joined us. They were experienced hikers(远足者).
We set off in the morning. It took us less than five hours to get to the top. It was almost 1:30 p.m. We’d have to head down soon while it was still light.
A friendly young hiker waved to us. “Hey, want me to take your picture ” “Sure!” I said. Emily and Jane squeezed(挤) in next to us. Mike gave the hiker his phone. He took a few pictures. We took a different path so we could get down before dark. It was harder but shorter.
We spaced ourselves apart so we wouldn’t fall on each other. I led the way, setting a fast pace. The trail grew steeper. Carefully I sidestepped down the slope(斜坡). A quarter mile down, I stopped and looked up the trail for the others. I couldn’t see them.
Then a scream broke the quiet. Mike! He must have fallen. I climbed up the frozen slope. Finally I saw him and his hands were seizing his right leg. My eyes went to his foot, which pointed in the wrong direction. I shouted, “What happened ” “I slipped on the ice,” he said.
“Don’t worry,” I said, searching into my backpack but found nothing for a broken bone. Moments later, my friends came cautiously down. Jane checked Mike’s ankle. “We need to fix it with sticks,” she said.
“Here, try this,” I said, handing over my hiking poles(杖). I took off one of my shirts. Jane fixed a pole to Mike’s leg. But there was no way the three of us could carry him down this mountain. I pulled out my cellphone and dialed 911. No signal.
“Can I help ” It was the guy who’d taken our picture at the summit. “My husband fell. He’s hurt, and I don’t have the service here.” “Take mine,” he said. “I got the service near the top.” I’d have to leave Mike and climb higher to get the service.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
I kept trying 911 even as I picked up speed.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Paragraph 2:
At last, a ranger(管理员)appeared, shouldering a green backpack.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
答案与分层梯度式解析
Part 3　Extended reading, Project,
Assessment & Further study
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.retire　2.beyond　3.destinations　4.erupted
5.pattern
Ⅱ.1.形容词;剧烈的　句意:突然,他感到胃里一阵剧痛。
2.形容词;锋利的　句意:考试时请你准备一支削尖的铅笔和一块橡皮。
3.形容词;敏锐的　句意:警察总是利用狗敏锐的嗅觉在地震中搜寻幸存者。
4.形容词;急剧的　句意:在过去的两年里,油价急剧上涨,这增加了汽车运输业的负担。
Ⅲ.1.from　考查介词。rescue sb./sth. from...意为“把某人/某物从……中救出来”,此处是其被动形式。故填from。
2.distant　考查形容词。设空处在句中作定语,修饰后面的名词future,应用形容词。故填distant。句意:悲观的人往往花很多时间担忧遥远的将来。
3.location　考查名词。由设空处前的定冠词The和后面的of可知此处应填名词,故填location。句意:这些海滩的位置使它们成为开发的主要选址。
4.the　考查冠词。take the form of...意为“呈现……的形状”。故填the。句意:据报道,主体育场呈现一个大贝壳的形状。
5.out　考查动词短语。句意:当宇宙飞船外面突然起火时,我们惊奇地看着。根据语境可知,此处构成break out,意为“爆发”。故填out。
6.unbearable　考查形容词。句意:这意味着他们将永远遭受离别、孤独以及无法承受的痛苦。根据语境可知,此处应填unbearable。
7.to be admitted　考查动词不定式。分析句子可知,设空处修饰名词student,名词前有序数词修饰,且admit与所修饰的名词之间是被动关系,所以用动词不定式的被动式作后置定语。句意:他是我们高中第一个考上北京大学的学生。
8.when　考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,空前为名词age,故推测设空处引导定语从句,将an age放入定语从句中分析可知,设空处作时间状语,所以用when引导定语从句。句意:我们已经进入了一个梦想最有可能实现的时代。
9.has done　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,设空处在that引导的宾语从句中作主句的谓语,由“since I fell asleep”可知应用现在完成时,the sun为单数形式,故填has done。句意:阴影告诉我,自我睡着以来,太阳已经移动了很远的路程。
10.is located　考查动词的时态和语态。动词locate与pond之间是被动关系,且此处叙述的是客观事实,所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is located。句意:如果有必要,我们会在位于我们房子靠后面的池塘里种一些睡莲。
Ⅳ.1.keep the cultural relic as it is　2.what seemed to be
3.only to find the door locked　4.has been;since he gave up smoking
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.crowded　考查形容词。设空处作表语,应用形容词crowded。be crowded with挤满……。
2.what　考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导宾语从句,作warned的宾语,从句中缺主语,表示“……的事情”,所以用what。
3.shooting　考查现在分词。此处表示看到某事正在发生,所以用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。故填shooting。
4.the　考查冠词。in the distance在远处。故填the。
5.to roll　考查动词不定式。seem to do sth.表示“似乎做某事”。故填to roll。
6.blindly　考查副词。设空处与后面的fearfully一起修饰动词hurried,所以用副词blindly。
7.and　考查连词。设空处前后句子结构完整,在逻辑上是顺承关系,应用并列连词and。
8.had passed　考查动词的时态。根据before引导的时间状语从句中使用一般过去时可知,主句的动作发生在从句之前,应用过去完成时,故填had passed。
9.Its　考查形容词性物主代词。设空处作定语,修饰空后的名词remains,应用形容词性物主代词,且位于句首,首字母应大写,故填Its。
10.lives　考查名词复数。根据从句谓语动词burn的形式可知,从句主语应为复数形式,故填lives。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要介绍了灾害预测的重要性和不确定性,灾害预测是为了挽救人们的生命,但目前技术还有局限。
1.B　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知,几分钟甚至几秒的预警就可以影响生死,因此科学家正努力将最新的技术进展用于灾害预测。由此可推知,灾害预测的目的是挽救人们的生命,故选B。
2.D　细节理解题。通读第二、三段内容可知,飓风Georges在美国墨西哥湾沿岸几乎没有使人丧命,在加勒比海地区造成数百人丧命,但没有袭击新奥尔良;墨西哥湾飓风在加尔维斯顿造成至少6,000人死亡,由此可知加尔维斯顿的死亡人数最多,故选D。
3.A　推理判断题。根据题干中的unsatisfied可定位到第三段,第三段介绍,天气预报员说飓风很可能会袭击新奥尔良,因此新奥尔良市花费很多钱预防和疏散,但飓风Georges并没有在新奥尔良登陆,因而居民们因自己所做的徒劳的准备而不满,故选A。
4.D　主旨大意题。第一、二段介绍灾害预测可以拯救人们的生命,第三段介绍灾害预测有时会有不确定性,浪费大量人力、物力,第四段介绍灾害预测非常复杂,它为政府官员和其他决策者应对灾害提供科学信息,因此文章主要讲了灾害预测的重要性和不确定性,故选D。
【高频词汇】　1.advance n.进步;发展 adj.预先的　2.predict v.预测→prediction n.预测　3.approach v.接近
4.emergency n.突发事件;紧急情况　5.be related to与……有关　6.respond to对……作出反应
【熟词生义】　question v.质询;怀疑　
【差距词汇】　1.circumstance n.状况;情形　2.extensive adj.广泛的;广大的　3.in vain徒劳无益
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　文章主要讲述了为了提高居民对气候变化的真实性和即时性的认识,巴尔的摩东南部的一个有历史意义的非洲裔美国人社区运用了虚拟现实技术,帮助人们想象气候变化的影响和解决方案。
1.A　细节句。根据上文“The shorelines are first to go.”和下文“By the time seawater reaches the senior center”可知,此处在介绍洪水摧毁的地方。所以A项符合语境。选项中的then与上文中的first是顺承关系。故选A。
2.E　细节句。根据上文“但最基本的挑战之一也是最棘手的挑战之一”可推知,下文应该具体说明这个挑战的内容,E项“你如何向人们展示并说服他们相信一个可能的未来 ”承接上文,说明了这个挑战的内容,符合语境。故选E。
3.C　细节句。根据下文“That’s why Die...”可知,设空处与此处构成因果关系,结合选项可知,C项引起下文,符合语境,选项中的public指此处的Die and other residents。故选C。
4.G　主旨句。根据设空处下一句可知,它与巴尔的摩港、一些非营利组织和当地一家景观建筑公司合作,采用了一系列工具和方式向公众传达气候变化,结合第一段最后一句提及的Turner Station可推知,本段主要是介绍Turner Station所采取的措施,G项“Turner Station,一个容易被洪水淹没的社区,正在努力做好准备”与本段主旨相符,下文中的It指选项中的Turner Station。故选G。
5.F　细节句。根据设空处上一句可知,本段主要介绍虚拟现实计划,F项“虚拟现实是一种沉浸式的体验,可以诱使人类大脑认为它是真实的”承接上文,介绍了虚拟现实的含义,符合语境。故选F。
【高频词汇】　1.historic adj.有历史意义的;历史上著名的　2.challenge n.挑战　3.impact n.巨大影响,强大作用　4.cut down减少;降低;砍伐　5.put on 戴上,穿上;播放　6.adopt v.采用;收养
【熟词生义】　1.communicate v.传达,传递(想法或感情)　2.team v.协作,合作
【差距词汇】　trade-off n.平衡,协调
长难句　原句　This is what could happen to Turner Station, a historic African American community in the southeast of Baltimore, as sea level rises.
分析　这是一个主从复合句。what引导表语从句,“a historic...Baltimore”是Turner Station的同位语;as引导时间状语从句。
译文　随着海平面上升,这可能会发生在Turner Station,它是巴尔的摩东南部的一个有历史意义的非洲裔美国人社区。
Ⅳ.
写作指导
情节线 情感线
故事 要素 Time One day 高兴 揪心 担心、着急 感激 欣慰
Place Nippletop
Character Mike, the author, Emily, Jane, the hiker
What They went to climb Nippletop. Mike slipped on the ice and injured his leg. The author and her friends tried to help.They couldn’t call 911 for help because their cellphones had no signal.
情节 Plot 1 作者和丈夫还有两位朋友一起去爬山。他们顺利到达了顶峰,返回前他们遇到一位登山者,他给他们拍了一些美照。
Plot 2 因为耽误了一些时间,他们只能抄近道下山,但是这条道路也更难走。
Plot 3 她的丈夫不小心滑倒。朋友和作者想办法提供救助,但是因为手机没有信号,无法拨打911求救电话。随后,他们再次遇到前面见过的登山者。
续写 方向 Para. 1 I kept trying 911, even as I picked up speed. ①作者在哪里打通911 ②偶遇的登山者是如何做的
Para. 2 At last, a ranger(管理员) appeared, shouldering a green backpack. ①护林员帮助做了什么 ②作者的丈夫如何被送往医院的
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
I kept trying 911 even as I picked up speed. Just above the tree line, I finally got through. I did my best to tell the location and trouble we had to the operator. And then I returned the phone to its owner, but he offered to stay with us in case he could help. I talked and joked with Mike to keep his spirits up. The rest of us kept moving to stay warm. Several hours went by. It was going to be dark soon.
Paragraph 2:
At last,a ranger(管理员) appeared,shouldering a green backpack. She took charge immediately. “We’re going to airlift him out,” she said. “You need to cut down trees so your husband doesn’t hit them as he’s being raised.” We managed to cut down four trees in half an hour. By now, the helicopter was overhead. The ranger radioed the pilot, and he dropped a rope. He rose slowly in the air. Thinking Mike would be at the hospital, I sighed in relief and felt grateful to all the people who helped Mike.
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