2024译林版高中英语选择性必修第一册同步练习--Unit 4　Part 2 Grammar and usage & Integrated skills

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024译林版高中英语选择性必修第一册同步
Unit 4　Exploring poetry
Part 2　Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The branch 　　　　(弯曲) but didn’t break when the boy climbed along it.
2.In the past few decades, hundreds of 　　　　(小说家) have tried to copy Hemingway’s direct writing style.
3.Festivals reflect people’s wishes, 　　　　(信仰), faith and attitudes toward life.
4.She’s looking for a job, but hasn’t found her 　　　　(理想的) one yet.
5.The newly shown movie is worthy of being seen. 　　　　(/hens/), your first main job today is going to the cinema!
Ⅱ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
1.We advocate 　　　　　(employ) body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture we are in.
2.Since you claim 　　　　　(be) very familiar with this place, how about serving as our guide today
3.Over the past weeks, they have applied themselves to 　　　　　(improve) their spoken English.
4.　　　　　(wait) for her two hours in the park, I had to leave.
5.　　　　　(learn) the news that you were admitted into the university, I was extra ordinarily excited.
6.In art criticism, you must assume that the artist has a message 　　　　　(hide) within his/her work.
7.　　　　　(see) from the moon, our earth looks like a blue ball.
8.Suddenly I saw a tall figure 　　　　　(approach) toward the policeman.
题型(二)
1.昨天经过他房间时,我听到他在唱歌。
I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　when I passed his room yesterday.
2.朝着你想要的结果努力会给你一种成就感。(struggle)
　　　　　　　　　　　　you want will give you a sense of achievement.
3.为了能被心仪的大学录取,他平时学习十分刻苦。(admit)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　his favoured university, he usually studies very hard.
4.事实上,发短信会让人很难确定对话背后的真正含义。(determine)
In reality, texting can 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the true meaning behind a conversation.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.为了不被打扰,我已经中断了很多活动。(break with)
I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in order not to be disturbed.
2.比起开车,有些人更喜欢骑自行车。(一句多译)
①Some people 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(prefer doing)
②Some people 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(prefer to do)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2022重庆一中阶段练习)
I know that I shall meet my fate
Somewhere among the clouds above;
Those that I fight I do not hate,
Those that I guard I do not love;
My country is Kiltartan Cross,
My countrymen Kiltartan’s poor,
No likely end could bring them loss
Or leave them happier than before.
Nor law, nor duty bade me fight,
Nor public men, nor cheering crowds,
A lonely impulse of delight
Drove to this tumult in the clouds;
I balanced all, brought all to mind,
The years to come seemed waste of breath,
A waste of breath the years behind
In balance with this life, this death.
This poem by W. B. Yeats is rather a thought provoking poem on Major Robert Gregory, who was the son of one of Yeats’s friends. Robert Gregory was killed in Italy in 1918. The poem was written during the First World War(1914-1918) when many Irish men fought for the cause of Englishmen. The poem is taken from the collection The Wild Swans at Coole. During the First World War, Ireland was a part of “Great Britain”. It became a separate nation later in l922. Therefore, when Gregory died, he actually died for the “English”, not for the “Irish”.
The pilot sees his forthcoming death yet he does not seem regretful nor scared but rather accepts the fate he is going to encounter. He clearly states that it is not any obligation for the country, the inspiring speeches of the leaders nor the cheers of the crowds that encourage him to fight on the battlefield. It is simply the thrill of the battlefield or adventure that pushes him to take up the job of an airman. He does not hate or love his enemies or his allies(盟友); his country will neither be benefited nor hurt by any outcome of the war. His past life seems a waste, while his future life promises to be the same and his death will balance out his life. He feels that only death in war can balance his life of dullness. This is reflected in the line, “A waste of breath the years behind/In balance with this life, this death.”
This poem is recited in the first person. The poet is recounting the thoughts that are going through the airman’s mind as his death approaches. This choice of active voice is important because it gives all insights into the thoughts of the airman fighting on the edge of death. It is the poet who is imagining these thoughts.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1.What can we learn about the poem from Paragraph 1
A.The poem belongs to a collection.
B.The poem was written for the English.
C.The poem was written after the First World War.
D.The poem was requested by one of the poet’s friends.
2.Which of the following can best describe the airman
A.Patriotic.　　B.Adventurous.　　C.Scared.　　D.Life loving.
3.What might the author continue to write about at the end of this passage
A.The voice of the poet.　　　　B.Other poems of the poet.
C.Other poetic techniques used in the poem.　　　　
D.The conversation between the poet and the airman.
4.Which of the following is the best title for the poem
A.Dying a Painful Death　　　　B.Fighting for Kiltartan Cross
C.The Irish Guarding the English　　　　D.An Irish Airman Foresees His Death
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2021山东淄博期中联考)
　　He, Pablo Neruda (1904-1973), was once referred to as “the Picasso of poetry”. Beloved by Chileans of all classes, he is one of the most 　1　 poets in history.
　2　 with the name Ricardo Eliécer Neftalí Reyes Basoalto, he was a tall, shy and lonely boy. He loved to 　3　 and started to write poetry when he was ten. The American poet Walt Whitman, whose framed picture Neruda later kept on his table, became a major 　4　 on his works.
However, his father did not like the idea of his son being a poet and tried to　5　 him from writing. To 　6　 the publication of his first poem, he took the pen name Pablo Neruda.
In 1924 Neruda 　7　 fame with his most widely read work “Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair”. Yet his 　8　 experience as a diplomat(外交官) and exile(流亡者) made him go beyond the theme of 　9　. His works also reflected the 　10　 struggle of the left and development of South America. He was 　11　 the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1971.
Neruda loved the sea which he saw being　12　, destructive and forever moving. He drew 　13　 from the power of the waves and freedom of the seabirds on the coast. “I need the sea because it teaches me,” he wrote. “I move in the universe of the 　14　.” He loved how the sea forever 　15　 itself, a renewal echoed(回响) in his works.
1.A.disturbed　　　　 B.injured
C.respected　　　　 D.absorbed
2.A.Born　　B.Met　　C.Hated　　D.Broken
3.A.perform　　　　 B.read
C.imagine　　　　 D.dream
4.A.feature　　　　 B.influence
C.awareness　　　　 D.relationship
5.A.persuade　　　　 B.protect
C.advise　　　　 D.discourage
6.A.cover up　　　　 B.dig up
C.give up　　　　 D.pick up
7.A.blamed　　　　 B.deleted
C.implied　　　 　 D.gained
8.A.rich　　　　 B.powerful
C.harmful　　　　 D.logical
9.A.reality　　B.love　　C.belief　　D.patience
10.A.personal　　　　 B.popular
C.political　　　　 D.complex
11.A.arrested　　　　 B.punished
C.cheated　　　　 D.awarded
12.A.creative　　　　 B.hopeless
C.humorous　　　　 D.disappointed
13.A.trust　　　　 B.honor
C.inspiration　　　　 D.ideal
14.A.storms　　　　 B.waves
C.sadness　　　　 D.shock
15.A.grasped　　　　 B.destroyed
C.recovered　　　　 D.renewed
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2023江苏南京六校联合调研考试)
　　If you’re walking through Boston on a rainy day, you might see poems appear before your eyes. They　1　(write) on the sidewalks.
　2　(entitle) “Raining Poetry”, this project resulted from cooperation between the nonprofit Mass Poetry and the city of Boston. The first poems were installed to celebrate the start of National Poetry Month, with several more added to the city’s streets last May 13. These poems cannot be seen during dry, sunny weather, 　3　 they appear like magic once raindrops start falling from the sky.
The poems are chosen by Boston’s famous poet Danielle Georges,
　4　 selects the poems based on their relationships to Boston. “I want to draw works from poets influential in the literary, educational or 　5　(culture) fields. I also want to choose poems that convey positive energy, like 　6　(warm), gratitude and joy,” Georges said. “All the poems installed now are composed in English, but new 　7　(one) will be added in the many languages being spoken throughout Boston, including Portuguese, French and Spanish.”
“This is a public art project and a wonderful way　8　(bring) poetry to people. 　9　(hope), in the next two years everyone in Boston will read a poem in their daily life at least once or twice a month,” Georges added.
So if you’re walking around in Boston the next time it rains, keep
　10　 eye open for the poems on the ground.
1. 　　　　2. 　　　　3. 　　　　4. 　　　　5. 　　　　
6. 　　　　7. 　　　　8. 　　　　9. 　　　　10. 　　　　
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 4　Exploring poetry
Part 2　Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.bent　2.novelists　3.beliefs　4.ideal　5.Hence
Ⅱ.题型(一)　1.employing　考查动词 ing形式作宾语。句意:我们提倡以一种与我们所处的文化相适应的方式运用肢体语言。动词advocate后接动词 ing形式作宾语。故填employing。
2.to be　考查动词不定式作宾语。句意:既然你声称对这个地方很熟悉,今天给我们当导游怎么样 claim后接动词不定式作宾语。故填to be。
3.improving　考查动词 ing形式作宾语。固定搭配apply oneself to (doing) sth.意为“致力于(做)某事”。故填improving。句意:在过去的几个星期里,他们一直致力于提高英语口语。
4.Having waited　考查动词 ing形式作状语。句意:在公园等了她两个小时之后,我不得不离开了。分析句子结构可知,逗号前为状语,wait与其逻辑主语I之间构成主动关系,且发生在主句的谓语动词表示的动作之前,所以应用动词 ing形式的完成式作状语。故填Having waited。
5.Learning　考查动词 ing形式作状语。句意:听到你被大学录取的消息,我感到特别激动。分析句子结构可知,设空处应用非谓语动词形式,动词learn与逻辑主语I之间构成主动关系,所以用动词 ing形式作状语。故填Learning。
6.hidden　考查过去分词作宾语补足语。句意:在进行艺术批评时,你必须假设艺术家在其作品背后有隐藏着的信息。分析句子结构可知,此处为have的复合结构,动词hide与宾语message之间构成被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填hidden。
7.Seen　考查过去分词作状语。句意:从月球上看,我们的地球像一个蓝色的球。分析句子结构可知,动词see与其逻辑主语our earth之间构成被动关系,所以用过去分词作状语。故填Seen。
8.approaching　考查动词 ing形式作宾语补足语。句意:突然,我看见一个高大的身影正向警察靠近。根据语境可知,动词see后接动词 ing形式作宾语补足语,表示“看到某人正在做某事”。故填approaching。
题型(二)　1.heard him singing a song　2.Struggling toward(s) the result　3.In order to be admitted to/into　4.make it hard for people to determine
Ⅲ.1.have broken with many activities 2.①prefer riding bikes to driving cars ②prefer to ride bikes rather than drive cars
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了W. B. Yeats的关于飞行员Robert Gregory少校的一首诗,作者对这首诗进行了背景介绍,解读了这位飞行员少校的心理,最后谈了诗歌采用的写作技巧。
1.A　细节理解题。根据正文第一段第四句“The poem is taken from the collection The Wild Swans at Coole.”可知,这首诗属于一本诗集。故选A。
2.B　推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“It is simply the thrill of the battlefield or adventure that pushes him to take up the job of an airman.”可推测,这位飞行员喜欢刺激、爱冒险。故选B。
3.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段“This poem is recited in the first person...It is the poet who is imagining these thoughts.”可知,这一段谈论的是这首诗通过诗人的想象以第一人称的口吻表述,且使用了主动语态,属于诗歌采用的技巧。由此可推测,作者接下来会就这首诗中使用的其他技巧继续进行谈论。故选C 。
4.D　主旨大意题。根据文章中作者对这首诗的背景介绍及解读可知,这是W. B. Yeats的关于飞行员Robert Gregory少校的一首诗,主要讲述了这位少校预见了自己的死亡。所以D项“一位爱尔兰飞行员预见自己之死”是这首诗的最佳标题。故选D。
【高频词汇】　1.guard v.守卫,保卫　2.delight n.高兴 3.balance v.使平衡;抵消;权衡 n.均衡;平衡　4.fate n.命运　5.thrill n.兴奋,激动　6.insight n.洞悉,了解;洞察力
【差距词汇】　1.forthcoming adj.即将到来的 2.obligation n.义务,责任　3.recount v.叙述,讲述
长难句　
原句　The pilot sees his forthcoming death yet he does not seem regretful nor scared but rather accepts the fate he is going to encounter.
分析　这是一个yet连接的并列复合句。“he is going to encounter”是省略引导词的定语从句,修饰先行词the fate。
译文　这位飞行员看到了即将到来的死亡,但他似乎并不后悔也不害怕,而是接受了他即将遭遇的命运。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文,主要介绍了智利著名诗人巴勃罗·聂鲁达。
1.C　根据上文“Beloved by Chileans of all classes”可知,聂鲁达很受人们喜爱。由此可推测,他是历史上最受尊敬的(respected)诗人之一。故选C。
2.A　根据下文“To　6　 the publication of his first poem, he took the pen name Pablo Neruda.”可推测,此处的名字应该是他的原名,即出生(Born)时的名字。故选A。
3.B　根据下文“started to write poetry when he was ten”并结合选项可知,此处指的是他喜欢读书(read)。故选B。
4.B　根据上文“whose framed picture Neruda later kept on his table”可知,后来聂鲁达把美国诗人沃尔特·惠特曼的照片放在桌上。由此可推测,沃尔特·惠特曼是对他的作品有影响的(influence)人。故选B。
5.D　根据上文“his father did not like the idea of his son being a poet”可知,他父亲不愿意他成为诗人,因此尽力阻止(discourage)他写作。故选D。
6.A　根据上文“his father did not like the idea of his son being a poet”可知,他父亲不愿意让他成为诗人而阻止他写作。因此,为了掩盖(cover up)自己第一首诗的发表,他就取了个笔名叫Pablo Neruda。故选A。
7.D　根据“with his most widely read work”并结合选项可知,此处指聂鲁达以其最广为人知的作品《二十首情诗和一首绝望的歌》而获得(gained)声誉。故选D。
8.A　由下文“as a diplomat and exile”可知聂鲁达曾经当过外交官、流亡者。由此可推测,他的经历很丰富(rich)。故选A。
9.B　根据上文中的作品名称“Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair”可推测,聂鲁达的作品一开始是以爱情(love)为主题的。故选B。
10.C　根据下文“struggle of the left and development of South America”并结合选项可知,此处指聂鲁达的作品也反映了左派的政治(political)斗争和南美洲的发展。故选C。
11.D　根据语境并结合选项可知,此处指他被授予(awarded)诺贝尔文学奖。故选D。
12.A　根据语境并结合选项可知,此处指聂鲁达热爱大海,他认为大海是有创造力的(creative)、破坏性的,而且永远在移动。故选A。
13.C　根据下文的描述并结合选项可知,此处指他从海浪的力量和海岸上海鸟的自由中得到了灵感(inspiration)。故选C。
14.B　根据上文“from the power of the waves and freedom of the seabirds on the coast”并结合选项可知,此处指海浪(waves)。waves为原词复现。故选B。
15.D　根据下文“a renewal echoed in his works”可推测,此处指他喜欢大海永远更新(renewed)自己。故选D。
【高频词汇】　1.major adj.重大的;主要的　2.publication n.出版;发表　3.reflect v.反映;显示;表明
长难句　
原句　The American poet Walt Whitman, whose framed picture Neruda later kept on his table, became a major influence on his works.
分析　本句为主从复合句。whose引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Walt Whitman, whose在定语从句中作定语。
译文　美国诗人沃尔特·惠特曼成为对聂鲁达的作品产生重大影响的人,后来聂鲁达把惠特曼的镶了框的照片放在自己的桌上。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了波士顿的街道隐藏着秘密诗歌,只要一下雨,这些诗歌就会出现。
1.are written　考查动词的时态和语态。设空处为句子谓语,主语They和write之间是被动关系,且叙述的是客观事实,所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are written。
2.Entitled　考查过去分词。分析句子可知,句中已有谓语,设空处用非谓语动词形式,动词entitle与逻辑主语this project之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词作状语。故填Entitled。
3.but　考查连词。句意:这些诗在干燥明媚的天气里是看不到的,但一旦雨点从空中落下,它们就会像魔法一样出现。前后表示转折。故填but。
4.who　考查定语从句。分析句子可知,设空处无提示词,“　4　 selects the poems based on their relationships to Boston”中缺少主语,故推测设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Danielle Georges,指人,所以用关系代词who。故填who。
5.cultural　考查形容词。设空处修饰名词fields,结合空前的“literary, educational or”可知此处应用形容词。故填cultural。
6.warmth　考查名词。根据“like 　6　, gratitude and joy”可知,连词and连接并列名词作介词like的宾语。故填warmth。
7.ones　考查代词。句意:现在安置的所有诗歌都是用英语创作的,但新的诗歌将加入,用全波士顿使用的多种语言,包括葡萄牙语、法语和西班牙语。分析句子可知,此处应用代词ones代替poems。故填ones。
8.to bring　考查动词不定式。分析句子可知,设空处作后置定语,修饰way,应用动词不定式。故填to bring。
9.Hopefully　考查副词。此处修饰整个句子,应用副词作状语。故填Hopefully。
10.an　考查冠词。固定短语keep an eye open for...表示“密切注意……”。故填an。
【高频词汇】　1.result from由……引起　2.celebrate v.庆祝　3.add...to...把……加到……上　4.select v.挑选 5.convey v.传达,表达
【差距词汇】　1.install v.安置;安装　2.gratitude n.感激之情;感谢
长难句　
原句　So if you’re walking around in Boston the next time it rains, keep an eye open for the poems on the ground.
分析　这是一个主从复合句。if引导条件状语从句,其中the next time引导时间状语从句。
译文　所以,如果下次下雨的时候你在波士顿四处走动,请密切注意地上的诗歌。
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