2024译林版高中英语选择性必修第一册同步练习--Unit 1 Part 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024译林版高中英语选择性必修第一册同步
Unit 1　Food matters
Part 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.China is making every effort to ensure people’s sense of happiness and
　　　　(安全).
2.The doctor suggested that I shouldn’t eat oily food, because it doesn’t
d　　　　 easily.
3.They 　　　　(降低) the flag in honour of the soldiers killed in the war.
4.My packed lunch, which consists of(由……组成) a sandwich, a drink and a 　　　　(甜点), is prepared by my mother every day.
5.I’m sorry to hear that you are in a bad m　　　　 and almost lose heart because you are not able to adapt to life in senior high school.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.The mother laid the baby down 　　　　　(gentle) on the bed.　
2.I want to apply for membership of the 　　　　　(associate). What’re the requirements
3.Research has shown that 　　　　　(emotion) skills may contribute to some of these qualities.(2021全国新高考Ⅰ)
4.After the incident, he had to reach his goal 　　　　　combination with a local company.
5.It is important 　　　　　(stick) to it and work hard towards it.
6.What I cry out for at present is 　　　　　(enhance) my overall competence.
7.It is common known that certain diseases　　　　 (link) with professions like lung disease of coal miners.
Ⅲ.选词填空
do the trick; cry out for; depend on; lie in
Students sometimes have to 1.　　　　 computers or mobile phones to have online classes. Some students think online learning is a good way to study and their good grades in the tests prove that online classes 2.　　　　. However, some students get poor grades, which
3.　　　　 their addiction to computer games, and they 4.　　　　 supervision(监督).
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.是什么使你相信他说的话是真的
What 　　　　　　　　his words were true
2.当谈到哪种方法是最有效的时,人们的意见各不相同。
When it comes to which method is the most effective,the opinions 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. (2022全国甲写作)
3.使人能从窗户中看见公园可以帮助减轻工作压力。
Having the park visible from the window can help 　　　　　　　　.
4.无论何时我们需要帮助,老师都会耐心地帮助我们。(一句多译)
①　　　　 　　　　　　　　, the teacher helps us patiently. (whenever)
② 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, the teacher helps us patiently.(no matter+疑问词)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
No matter when I feel unhappy, rice pudding cheers 　1　(I) up. My experience with rice pudding 　2　(illustrate) the unique power of “comfort food”, which refers to any food 　3　 makes us feel better or makes up for bad feelings by 　4　(help) us recall happy memories of what we love.
Our comfort foods vary from person to person, depending 　5　 our own unique experiences shaping our lives.
The feeling of 　6　(happy) and sense of belonging are important for people who move away from their home country. It is hardest 　7　 (give) up the food that we grow up with. One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our 　8　(culture) roots, giving us the “taste of home” and 　9　(relieve) our feelings of homesickness.
Comfort food builds an emotional bond with our happy memories. It is not only a bowl of noodles or chicken soup, 　10　 food for the soul.
1. 　　　　2. 　　　　3. 　　　　4. 　　　　5. 　　　　
6. 　　　　7. 　　　　8. 　　　　9. 　　　　10. 　　　　
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2021江苏省金湖中学、洪泽中学等六校联考)
One of the most popular street foods found in China is no doubt the barbecue. A new program, called The Story of Chuaner, tells the story of this popular food baked over hot coals on just about every street corner in cities and towns across the country. The barbecue is an important part of people’s nightlife.
Shown on June 20, 2018, the program has had more than 25 million clicks on the video site . To find the most popular barbecue stalls(摊位), the production team travelled to more than 500 locations in 30 cities across the country. Some viewers compared The Story of Chuaner to Midnight Diner, a Japanese TV program telling stories from late night in formal Japanese bars.
“I’m happy to hear this comparison because Midnight Diner is a good program, and we share the same topic—night food,” said The Story of Chuaner’s director Chen Yingjie. “However, they are quite different.” He said that Midnight Diner focused more on food itself, though there were some conversations while people were eating. However, the night food scene of Chinese people means joy and a more lively atmosphere. People eating these barbecue snacks develop a feeling of connection, which can be a cure for loneliness.
The barbecue, regarded as the most ordinary and common night street snack, is different from home made food by mothers as that is a symbol of family and kinship(亲属关系). The barbecue stall is where you go to become linked to people in society. And unlike official business lunches, during which people are rather polite, the barbecue lets people relax with old friends and new friends, leaving a lasting impression of friendship.
The world, as a whole, holds deep rooted good emotions toward the barbecue, either for the taste or for the warmth produced by fire. “What we should do is present Chinese barbecue just the way it is. Because of its special ingredients,ways of cooking and more importantly, the special environment and people, the world will recognize it and may fall in love with it just as we do,” said Chen.
1.What do we know about The Story of Chuaner
A.It has become very popular on the Internet.
B.It is thought highly of by most of the foreign tourists.
C.It mainly talks about the most famous Chinese food.
D.It shows the colorful nightlife in large cities of China.
2.In which way was The Story of Chuaner different from Midnight Diner
A.It showed more kinds of food.
B.It focused more on the diners.
C.It showed the eating habits.
D.It was less popular than Midnight Diner.
3.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A.The importance of the barbecue to the family.
B.The influence of the barbecue on people’s manners.
C.The influence of the barbecue on people’s lifestyle.
D.The role of the barbecue in people’s relationship.
4.Why did Chen Yingjie choose the barbecue as the topic of the series
A.To show the feature of Chinese food.
B.To research a special way of cooking.
C.To help the world understand China.
D.To introduce the history of the barbecue.
B
(2022江苏常州阶段练习)
Sometimes when we eat, what we’re hungry for isn’t food—it’s the taste of memory.
Studies show that foods we think of as comfort foods don’t contain any magical properties. What might be comforting is the feeling of closeness to other people they can generate.
Thoughts about comfort foods are often linked to calories, warmth or a sense of happiness. But what we don’t think about is that comfort foods also provide something social for us, according to Shira Gabriel, a professor of psychology at the State University of New York. It found that people like comfort foods because of their ability to make the feel that they belong.
When Marcel Proust bit into a cake at his mother’s house, he was overwhelmed by a feeling of homesickness. He sensed that it was connected to the taste of tea and cake. But “it was more than those flavors”, he said. The taste took him back to childhood experiences with a beloved aunt. Proust had evidently formed strong attachments(依恋) to his experiences with this aunt. Gabriel’s study found that people who have strong bonds with others are more likely to use comfort foods after an argument or other emotionally stressful occasions.
Comfort foods are often thought of as being high in calories. However, other studies have also shown that the link between comfort and food isn’t as clear as “junk foods” start the brain’s reward system, but that high is short lived. It’s not the deep reward of real comfort.
Regardless of whether you comfort yourself with food, one study found that “your mood will probably come back on its own”. The study was intended to look at how food might help keep astronauts mentally healthy on a long journey. It found that people’s ability to recover from watching negative movie scenes wasn’t affected by the kind of food they received afterwards. The point here is probably that there’s no reason to eat comfort foods for their own sake(缘故). But there is something in the ability of comfort foods to unlock belonging and memory.
5.Which of the following do comfort foods fail to provide
A.Happy memories.
B.Social skills.
C.Homesickness relief.
D.A lift in spirits.
6.Why does the author mention Marcel Proust in Para. 4
A.Food flavors have the unique power of comforting.
B.The taste of food produces a feeling of homesickness.
C.Comfort foods tend to be linked with close relationship.
D.Childhood experiences will stay fresh for a long time.
7.What can be inferred from the last paragraph .
A.Actually food can’t remove negative emotions completely.
B.Astronauts have a strong ability to recover from a bad mood.
C.How comfort foods benefit mental health remains unknown.
D.The kinds of comfort foods vary from person to person.
8.Where does the passage probably come from
A.A science report.
B.An advertisement.
C.A cooking guide.
D.A healthy magazine.
Ⅲ.七选五
(2022安徽定远县育才学校期末)
Cook in the kitchen
Earlier last month, my parents and I had a free day—a rare event for us.　1　
For our weekend menu, we decided to make smoked pork. I found a recipe online. It looked interesting and the steps were simple. So we decided to make it for dinner one weekend.
First, according to the recipe, the pork needed to be salted. The process would take a long time. 　2　 Mom first thawed(使解冻) the pork and then sprinkled salt, sugar and pepper on the surface. After that, she wrapped the pork in a plastic film(塑料薄膜) and refrigerated it for two days.
　3　 To make smoked dishes indoors, we needed to use aluminum foil(铝箔). After searching for it for a long time, we finally found the foil in the cupboard.
After that, Dad was responsible for slicing the pork, and Mother was responsible for preparing the ingredients. I was responsible for sprinkling the black tea and sugar and smoking the pork on the aluminum foil and then a layer of baking paper. 　4　 After more than ten minutes of smoking and a few minutes of frying, the smoked pork was completed.
　5　 When combined with an apple vinegar sauce, the meat was even more delicious.
A.It was easy for me to make the food.
B.Pork is the main meat source of our food.
C.We decided to cook together in the kitchen.
D.Finally, I put the pork on the smoking shelf.
E.So, Mom started working on it early two days before.
F.Two days later, the pork was ready for the next steps.
G.The pork was very delicious and contained the special smell of black tea.
1.　　　　 2.　　　　 3.　　　　 4.　　　　 5.　　　　
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 1　Food matters
Part 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.security　2.digest　3.lowered　4.dessert　5.mood
Ⅱ.1.gently　考查副词。设空处修饰动词laid,应用副词作状语。故填gently。句意:妈妈轻轻地把孩子放在床上。
2.association　考查名词。根据空前的the可知设空处应用名词,故填association。句意:我想要申请这个协会的会员身份。必备的条件是什么
3.emotional　考查形容词。设空处修饰空后的名词skills,应用形容词作定语,故填emotional。句意:研究表明,情感技能可能促成其中一些品质。
4.in　考查介词。此处构成固定短语in combination with,意为“与……联合”,故填in。
5.to stick　考查动词不定式。此处为“It is+形容词+to do sth.”句型,其中It为形式主语,不定式短语为真正的主语,故填to stick。句意:重要的是要坚持并为之努力。
6.to enhance　考查动词不定式。what引导主语从句,此处表示具体的动作,应接动词不定式作表语。故填to enhance。句意:我现在迫切需要的是提高自己的综合能力。
7.are linked　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。that从句中缺少谓语动词,link与主语certain diseases之间是被动关系,此处陈述的是客观事实,所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are linked。
Ⅲ.1.depend on　2.do the trick　3.lies in　4.cry out for
Ⅳ.1.made you believe　2.vary from person to person 3.relieve work pressure　4.①Whenever we need help ②No smatter when we need help
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.me　考查代词。设空处作cheers的宾语,所以用人称代词的宾格形式,故填me。
2.illustrates　考查时态和主谓一致。根据上下文语境可知,设空处应用一般现在时,且主语My experience with rice pudding为单数概念,所以谓语动词应用单数形式,故填illustrates。
3.that　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句,在从句中作主语,先行词为food,此处先行词被any修饰,所以只能用关系代词that引导定语从句,故填that。
4.helping　考查动名词。介词by后接动名词作宾语,故填helping。
5.on/upon　考查介词。depending on/upon意为“根据……而定,决定于……”,故填on或upon。
6.happiness　考查名词。此处介词of后应接名词作宾语,故填happiness。
7.to give　考查动词不定式。此处为固定句型“It is+adj.+to do sth.”,故填to give。
8.cultural　考查形容词。设空处修饰名词roots,应用形容词作定语,故填cultural。
9.relieving　考查现在分词。分析句子成分可知,连词and连接并列的现在分词短语,在句中作状语,故填relieving。
10.but　考查连词。根据语境可知,此处指治愈系食物不仅是一碗面条或鸡汤,而且是精神食粮。固定结构not only...but (also)...意为“不但……而且……”,故填but。
Ⅱ. A
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了中国的一部在网上受到广泛好评的纪录片《人生一串》。这部纪录片向观众展示了中国多姿多彩的烧烤文化。
1.A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Shown on June 20...the video site .”可知,该节目于2018年6月20日在视频网站哔哩哔哩上播放,已经有超过2,500万的点击量。由此可知这部纪录片在互联网上非常流行。故选A。
2.B　推理判断题。根据第三段最后三句可知,导演认为尽管《深夜食堂》中人们在吃东西的时候会有一些对话,但它更关注食物本身,而中国人的夜宵则意味着欢乐和更活跃的气氛,人们吃这些烧烤小吃会产生一种联系感,这可能是一种治愈孤独感的方法。由此推断出,与《深夜食堂》相比,《人生一串》更关注食客。故选B。
3.D　主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句可知,烧烤与妈妈们在家里做的能代表亲属关系的食物不同,由第四段最后两句可知,烧烤摊是你与社会上的人建立联系的地方,与正式的商务午餐不同的是,在商务午餐中,人们很客气,而烧烤让人们与老朋友及新朋友一起放松,给人留下持久的友谊的印象。由此可知,第四段主要讲述了烧烤在人们的社会关系中的作用。故选D。
4.C　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句和最后一句可知,烧烤在中国随处可见,是人们夜生活中重要的一部分;由最后一段可知,我们应该做的是展现中国烧烤本来的样子,因为其特殊的食材、烹饪的方法,更重要的是因为特殊的环境和人,世界将认可并可能爱上它。由此推断出,陈英杰选择烧烤作为这个系列节目的主题是因为他想让世界从中了解中国。故选C。
【高频词汇】　1.doubt n.疑问;怀疑　2.compare...to...把……与……作比较;把……比作……　3.focus on关注;集中(注意力、精力等)于　4.connection n.联系;连接　5.symbol n.象征;符号;标志　6.recognize vt.认可;认出
长难句　
原句　And unlike official business lunches, during which people are rather polite, the barbecue lets people relax with old friends and new friends, leaving a lasting impression of friendship.
分析　本句为主从复合句。“during which people are rather polite”是“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词business lunches,“leaving a lasting impression of friendship”为现在分词短语作状语。
译文　与正式的商务午餐不同的是,在商务午餐中,人们很客气,而烧烤让人们与老朋友及新朋友一起放松,给人留下持久的友谊的印象。
B
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项科学研究,该研究表明,治愈系食物令人感到舒适的原因是其味道会唤醒人们曾经熟悉的记忆。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知,治愈系食物为我们提供了一些社交性的东西,但不是社交技巧,所以B项与原文不符。根据第一段中的“it’s the taste of memory”和第三段第一句中的“a sense of happiness”可知,我们吃饭时渴望的是记忆的味道,而与治愈系食物有关的想法通常又与幸福感有联系,由此可推知治愈系食物可以提供幸福的记忆;根据第四段中Marcel Proust在母亲家吃蛋糕的例子可知,当Marcel Proust在母亲家咬一口蛋糕时,他就感受到了乡愁,蛋糕的味道让他回想起童年时和一位钟爱的阿姨相处的经历,结合本段最后一句可知,治愈系食物可以缓解乡愁;根据第五段最后两句可知,其他研究也表明,舒适和食物之间的联系并不像“垃圾食品”启动大脑的奖赏系统那样明确,但那种欢乐是短暂的。由此推知,治愈系食物可以振奋精神。故选B。
6.C　推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句可知,Gabriel的研究发现,与他人关系密切的人更有可能在争吵或其他情绪紧张的场合后吃一些治愈系食物。由此可推知,Marcel Proust的例子是想说明治愈系食物往往与亲密的关系有关,故选C。
易错归因　文中提到了“he was overwhelmed by a feeling of homesickness”,学生可能会误选B项,食物的味道会让人产生思乡之愁,这是阐述一种现象,并不是说明举例的原因,犯了“文不对题”的错误。
7.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句可知,研究发现,人们从观看负面电影场景中恢复过来的能力并没有受到之后所吃食物的影响。由此可推知,事实上,食物并不能完全消除负面情绪,故选A。
8.A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Studies show that...”以及最后两段中的“other studies have also shown that...”和“one study found that...”可推知,这篇文章可能来自一篇科学报道,故选A。B项意为“一则广告”;C项意为“一本烹饪指南”;D项意为“一本健康杂志”。
【高频词汇】　1.taste n.味道;体验;鉴赏力　2.contain v.包含,容纳　3.belong v.属于;适应　4.connect v.把……联系起来　5.stressful adj.紧张的　6.occasion n.场合;时刻　7.reward n.回报,奖励　8.be intended to do... 旨在做……　9.negative adj.消极的;否定的10.affect v.影响
【熟词生义】　 high n.极大欢乐,极度高兴
【差距词汇】　1.overwhelm v.(感情或感觉)充溢,难以禁受;压倒　2.for one’s sake为了某人起见;因某人的缘故
长难句　
原句　However, other studies have also shown that the link between comfort and food isn’t as clear as “junk foods” start the brain’s reward system, but that high is short lived.
分析　这是but连接的并列复合句。“that the link between comfort and food...system”是that引导的宾语从句;宾语从句中,“as ‘junk foods’ start the brain’s reward system”是as引导的比较状语从句。
译文　然而,其他研究也表明,舒适和食物之间的联系并不像“垃圾食品”启动大脑的奖赏系统那样明确,但那种极大欢乐是短暂的。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文, 主要讲述了作者与父母一起做熏肉的过程。
1.C　结合标题“Cook in the kitchen”和下文介绍的做熏肉的过程可知,C项承上启下,符合语境。故选C。
2.E　根据前文“...the pork needed to be salted. The process would take a long time.”可知,猪肉需要用盐腌制很长时间,所以需要提前准备,E项符合语境。故选E。
3.F　根据上一段中的“refrigerated it for two days”可知,腌制好的猪肉要冷藏两天。所以F项符合语境,“Two days”是复现短语。故选F。
4.D　根据后文“After more than ten minutes of smoking”可知,D项符合语境。故选D。
5.G　根据后文“When combined with...more delicious.”可知,作者在描述熏肉的美味,G项也在讲熏肉的味道,G项中的“delicious”与后文中的“more delicious”相呼应。故选G。
【高频词汇】　1.rare adj.罕见的;难得的　2.process n.过程　3.wrap vt.用……包裹　4.be responsible for负责 5.complete vt.完成　6.combine v.(使)结合,混合
【差距词汇】　1.sprinkle v.撒,洒 　2.refrigerate v.冷藏,冷冻
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