(共36张PPT)
文化差异/事物介绍
A[2023合肥包河区二模]
Maybe now is the best time to talk about rabbits in different cultures. The Chinese calendar names each of the twelve years after a（n） . .1. . and this year is the Year of the Rabbit.
In Chinese culture, the rabbit means being . .2. .. This is shown by the Chinese expression "dongru tuotu" which . .3. . people who are clever and act quickly like a rabbit.
People also . .4. . the rabbit with the moon. Ancient people believed there was a rabbit living on the moon. It's the pet of Chang'e, a goddess（女神）widely known in China. This can . .5. . why rabbits are seen as a good sign.
In nature, the rabbit can give birth to lots of babies, so its . .6. . can grow to a large size in a short time. Ancient Chinese people believed the more children they had, the . .7. . and happier they would be. They believed it could bring them good luck, so they loved the rabbit so much.
. .8. . in the West, rabbits also stand for the moon, the life and good luck. They considered rabbits as a good . .9. ., too. It's believed that the rabbit's foot brings good luck. In the past, if the young caught a rabbit, they could be given its . .10. . to welcome them as grown-ups.
Since the rabbit is always connected with good luck, maybe the Year of the Rabbit can bring us some good luck, too!
【A篇短文大意】 本文介绍了兔子在中西方文化中的寓意。
1. ( ) A. plant B. star C. animal D. state
C
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。根据生活常识可知，中国的农历以12只动物来命名年份。故选C。
2. ( ) A. slow B. smart C. healthy D. brave
B
【解题思路】考查形容词词义辨析。根据设空后的"who are clever and act quickly like a rabbit"可知，此处是说，在中国文化中，兔子意味着聪明。故用smart聪明。
3. ( ) A. describes B. pushes C. refuses D. guards
A
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。根据语境可知，此处说的是"动如脱兔"这个表达描述的是那些像兔子一样聪明、敏捷的人，故用describe描述。
4. ( ) A. play B. connect C. share D. cover
B
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。根据设空后的"Ancient people believed there was a rabbit living on the moon"可知，古人相信月亮上住着一只兔子。由此可知，此处说的是人们也将兔子与月亮联系起来。故选B。
5. ( ) A. repeat B. imagine C. explain D. forget
C
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。设空前提到兔子是嫦娥的宠物，而嫦娥是中国家喻户晓的女神。由此可知此处说的是这就解释了为什么兔子被视为吉祥的象征。故选C。
6. ( ) A. research B. industry C. education D. population
D
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。根据设空前的"In nature, the rabbit can give birth to lots of babies"可知，在自然界中，兔子能生很多小兔子，由此可推知此处说的是兔子的数量在短期内能达到很多。故用population。
7. ( ) A. luckier B. poorer C. quieter D. funnier
A
【解题思路】考查形容词词义辨析。上文中提到兔子能生很多小兔子，设空后又提到，人们相信兔子能给他们带来好运。由此可推知此处说的是古人相信孩子越多，他们就会越幸运，越幸福。故选A。
8. ( ) A. Especially B. Finally C. Possibly D. Similarly
D
【解题思路】考查副词词义辨析。文章第三段提到，中国人将兔子和月亮联系起来，设空后提到，在西方兔子也象征着月亮、生命和好运。由此可知，中西方文化有相似之处。故用Similarly相似地。
9. ( ) A. project B. sign C. excuse D. offer
B
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。文章第三段提到"why rabbits are seen as a good sign"，上文又提到兔子在中西方文化中的象征意义是相似的，由此可推知此处说的是西方人也把兔子视为一个吉祥的象征。故用sign。
10. ( ) A. ear B. mouth C. foot D. tail
C
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。根据设空前的"It's believed that the rabbit's foot brings good luck"（人们相信兔子脚会带来好运）可知，此处说的是，在过去，如果年轻人捉到一只兔子，他们可以得到一只兔子脚，以迎接他们长大成人。故选C。
B
There are many festivals around the world. Dads have Father's Day. Mums have Mother's Day. But do our grandparents have a . .1. . Yes, they do.
The Double Ninth Festival is a . .2. . day for old people in China. The festival is on lunar September 9th. On this day, people show . .3. . and respect（尊敬） for their grandparents.
Respecting old people is a tradition in China. There are many ways for Chinese people to . .4. . their respect. When an old person enters a room, everyone should stand up. Also, people are introduced from the . .5. . to the youngest. When we give something to an old person, two hands are used. The old usually don't have to buy tickets for buses and young people always . .6. . their seats to old people on a crowded subway or bus.
However, in Western countries, old people have . .7. . lifestyles from those in China. They don't often live with their children — they live . .8. .. They don't want to get help from others. They even don't want to be offered seats by others.
Westerners . .9. . respect old people. For holidays, families usually . .10. . at the grandparents' homes. A great smile and a warm hug are enough for grown children to show their respect.
【B篇短文大意】 本文主要介绍了中西方文化在尊敬老人方面的不同。
1. ( ) A. house B. festival C. partner D. relative
B
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，此处是说，但是我们的祖父母有属于自己的节日吗？故所缺的词是festival"节日"。
2. ( ) A. boring B. simple C. special D. surprising
C
【解题思路】考查形容词词义辨析。boring无聊的；simple简单的；special特别的；surprising令人惊讶的。此处是说，重阳节对于中国的老人来说是一个特别的日子。故选C。
3. ( ) A. love B. interest C. hope D. invitation
A
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。结合常识可知，人们会在重阳节这一天，向他们的祖父母表达爱和尊敬，故所缺的词是love。
4. ( ) A. stop B. express C. find D. refuse
B
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。根据文意可知此处是说，中国人有很多向老人表达敬意的方式。故所缺的词是express"表达"。
5. ( ) A. richest B. tallest C. oldest D. strongest
C
【解题思路】考查形容词词义辨析。结合常识可知，中国人在做介绍的时候，是从最年长的人开始，按年龄大小依次介绍到最年幼的人。故用oldest。
6. ( ) A. offer B. lend C. sell D. take
A
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。此处是说，年轻人总会给老人让座。故所缺的词是offer"自愿给予"。
7. ( ) A. usual B. strange C. same D. different
D
【解题思路】考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文描述可知，西方国家的老人的生活方式与中国老人的生活方式不同。故所缺的词是different。
8. ( ) A. wisely B. easily C. alone D. sadly
C
【解题思路】考查副词词义辨析。根据设空前的"They don't often live with their children"可知，西方国家的老人通常独自生活，故所缺的词是alone。
9. ( ) A. still B. even C. only D. just
A
【解题思路】考查副词词义辨析。根据下文描述可知，西方人仍然尊重老人。故所缺的词是still。
10. ( ) A. grow up B. get off C. make up D. get together
D
【解题思路】考查动词短语的辨析。grow up成长；get off下车；make up编造；get together相聚。此处是说，在假期，（各个）家庭通常会在祖父母的家中聚会。故选D。
C（原创新题）
Today, if we talk about a color, we only need to use a simple name. For example, blue in Chinese is "lan". But in ancient China, there were many beautiful names for . .1. ., such as yuebai, qielan and shiqing.
Ancient Chinese people had their own ways to classify（分类） and name colors, which shows their unique（独特的） understanding of . .2. .. They classified colors as pure colors and mixed colors. There were . .3. . pure colors: blue, red, yellow, white and black. These . .4. . colors can be
put together to produce mixed colors. For example, by . .5. . yellow and blue one can get green. So how did people get pure colors They usually came from . .6. . such as animals and plants.
Colors also have special meanings in Chinese . .7. .. In ancient China, a color was not just a color, but a . .8. . of social status（社会地位）. For example, yellow . .9. . power. Only the king and his family could use it. During the Tang Dynasty, purple was . .10. .. Only the top officers were allowed to wear purple clothes.
【C篇短文大意】 本文简要介绍了颜色的命名、分类以及在中国文化中的象征意义。
1. ( ) A. red B. white C. blue D. black
C
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。结合设空前的"blue in Chinese is‘lan’"以及设空后的"such as yuebai, qielan and shiqing"可知,此处是说，但是在古代中国，蓝色的雅称有很多，比如月白、窃蓝和石青。故选C。
2. ( ) A. history B. beauty C. society D. tradition
B
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。此处是说，古代中国人划分颜色和命名颜色独具一格，这显示了他们对美的独特见解。history"历史"；beauty"美"; society"社会"；tradition"传统"。故选B。
3. ( ) A. three B. four C. five D. six
C
【解题思路】考查数词的辨析。结合设空后提到的蓝、红、黄、白和黑五种颜色可知，此处是说，纯色有五种。故选C。
4. ( ) A. basic B. strange C. light D. lovely
A
【解题思路】考查形容词词义辨析。结合设空前的"pure colors"以及设空后的"can be put together to produce mixed colors"可知,此处是说，可以将这些基础色混合在一起产生混合色。故选A。
5. ( ) A. shaking B. meeting C. collecting D. mixing
D
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。结合设空前的"put together"可知,此处应用mixing。故选D。
6. ( ) A. grass B. flowers C. nature D. trees
C
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。结合设空后的"animals and plants"可知，此处是说，纯色通常来自自然界，比如动物和植物。故选C。
7. ( ) A. language B. culture C. festivals D. paintings
B
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。结合下文中的内容可知，此处是说在中国文化中，颜色有着特殊的意义。故选B。
8. ( ) A. symbol B. notice C. record D. model
A
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。结合下文举的例子可知，此处是说在古代中国，颜色不仅仅是颜色，它更是社会地位的象征。symbol"象征"; notice"通知"；record"记录"；model"模型"。故选A。
9. ( ) A. brings back B. leads to C. stands for D. passes on
C
【解题思路】考查动词短语的辨析。结合常识以及设空后的"Only the king and his family could use it."可知，此处是说黄色代表权势。bring back"带回"; lead to"导致"；stand for"代表"；pass on"传递"。故选C。
10. ( ) A. respected B. forgot C. suggested D. invented
A
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。结合设空后的"Only the top officers were allowed to wear purple clothes."可知，此处是说，在唐朝，紫色备受尊敬。故选A。
D（原创新题）
When you see animals, do you wonder what they're thinking Do the looks on their faces and how they behave show . .1. . they're feeling — or are they feeling nothing at all
Humans have many . .2. . emotions（情感）. However, it's hard to tell what's going on inside the . .3. . of animals. It's mainly because they can't . .4. . their feelings in words. Perhaps we think we . .5. . pets as we spend a lot of time with them. We might even think they love us, . .6. .
love could just be a human feeling. Professor Kim Bard said, "We have a few studies now that actually show, scientifically...that dogs will . .7. . their owners when they pretend（假装） to cry."
Other non-domesticated（未被驯养的） animals might have feelings, too. Giraffes and whales, for example, are known to feel sad when one in their . .8. . dies. Farm animals such as cows and chickens are also believed to . .9. . pain, joy and other feelings.
It does seem all animals have feelings, but what is . .10. . is whether they feel the same way as humans. Have a good look at your dog next time and you may find something special.
【D篇短文大意】 本文是一篇科普说明文。文章主要阐述了动物也有情感这一事实。
1. ( ) A. when B. who C. how D. why
C
【解题思路】考查宾语从句的连接词。结合上文中的"do you wonder what they're thinking"可知，此处表示"它们脸上的表情以及它们的行为表明了它们有什么感受吗"，故用how。
2. ( ) A. different B. right C. special D. deep
A
【解题思路】考查形容词词义辨析。different"不同的"；right"正确的"；special"特殊的"；deep"深的"。根据文意及四个备选项可知，此处是说，人类有很多不同的情感，故选A。
3. ( ) A. eyes B. heads C. feet D. bodies
B
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。结合文意可知，此处是说，很难辨别动物的脑袋里在想些什么，故heads"头脑"符合文意。
4. ( ) A. accept B. express C. know D. guess
B
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。accept"接受"；express"表达"；know"知道"；guess"猜测"。根据上文中的"it's hard to tell what's going on inside the 3 of animals"可知，此处是说，它们无法用语言表达自己的感情。故选B。
5. ( ) A. train B. remember C. notice D. understand
D
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。train"训练"；remember"记得"；notice"注意到"；understand"理解"。根据设空后的"we spend a lot of time with them"可知，此处是说，我们可能会觉得我们了解自己的宠物，故选D。
6. ( ) A. unless B. if C. because D. although
D
【解题思路】考查连词词义辨析。此处是说，尽管爱可能只是人类的一种情感，但是我们甚至可能会觉得宠物爱我们。故although"尽管"符合文意。unless"除非，如果不"；if"如果"；because"因为"。
7. ( ) A. run after B. deal with C. worry about D. turn down
C
【解题思路】考查动词短语的辨析。本文主要阐述了动物也有情感这一事实，再结合上文中的"We might even think they love us"可推知，此处是说，当狗的主人假装哭泣时，它们会担心主人。run after"追赶"；deal with"处理"；worry about"担心"；turn down"拒绝"。故选C。
8. ( ) A. group B. class C. camp D. period
A
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。结合文意可知，此处表示"当一群长颈鹿或者鲸鱼里的某只动物死亡时，它们会感到难过"，故group"群"符合文意。
9. ( ) A. forget B. value C. experience D. spread
C
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。此处是说，人们相信奶牛和鸡这样的家畜也会经历痛苦、开心及其他感情。forget"忘记"；value"重视"；experience"经历"；spread"传播"。故选C。
10. ( ) A. general B. unclear C. difficult D. similar
B
【解题思路】考查形容词词义辨析。general"总的，常规的"；unclear"不清楚的"；difficult"困难的"；similar"相似的"。此处是说，似乎所有的动物都有情感，但仍然不清楚的是它们能否感受到和人类相同的感情，故选B。(共33张PPT)
自然生物/生态环境
A
Koalas look like teddy bears（泰迪熊）. They are . .1. . and quiet. Children and adults all like them.
Australia is the only . .2. . in the world that has koalas. "Koala" means "no water" in Australia, because they . .3. . drink water. They get water from their food — eucalyptus （桉树） leaves.
Koalas are marsupials （有袋类动物）. Mother koalas . .4. . their babies in their pocket. A newborn baby koala is born blind and hairless. It . .5. . its first six months inside the pocket. The next 2-3 months the baby koala will be seen staying outside the pocket in the daytime. But it always hides in its mother's pocket at night for . .6. .. It's said that a mother koala will . .7. .her baby until it is old enough to be on its own.
Koalas live in trees in their lifetime. A baby koala starts to climb trees by itself . .8. .it is nine months old. After a long time of eating and climbing, the little koala is ready to sleep. They usually come out at night and they sleep for eighteen . .9. .. They move slowly and don't move around a lot, except to feed. Koalas are . .10. .swimmers. They sometimes swim across rivers when there is flood （洪水）.
【A篇短文大意】 本文主要介绍了树袋熊的相关内容。
1. ( ) A. lovely B. dangerous C. stupid D. terrible
A
【解题思路】考查形容词词义辨析。结合上文中的"Koalas look like teddy bears（泰迪熊）"可知，此处是说，树袋熊可爱且安静。故所缺的词是lovely"可爱的"。
2. ( ) A. farm B. area C. chance D. team
B
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。此处是说，澳大利亚是世界上唯一拥有树袋熊的地方。故所缺的词是area"地区，区域"。
3. ( ) A. usually B. often C. hardly D. sometimes
C
【解题思路】考查副词词义辨析。usually通常；often经常；hardly几乎不；sometimes有时。结合设空前的"‘Koala’ means ‘no water’ in Australia"可知，此处是说，因为它们几乎不喝水。故hardly符合文意。
4. ( ) A. shake B. lose C. catch D. carry
D
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。结合常识可知，树袋熊是有袋类动物。树袋熊妈妈用育儿袋装着它们的幼崽。故carry"携带"符合文意。
5. ( ) A. spends B. shows C. refuses D. produces
A
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。此处是说，树袋熊幼崽在树袋熊妈妈的育儿袋里度过前六个月的时间。故spends"度过"符合文意。
6. ( ) A. health B. safety C. hope D. fun
B
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。health健康；safety安全；hope希望；fun乐趣，快乐。此处是说，但是为了安全起见，树袋熊幼崽晚上总是藏在树袋熊妈妈的育儿袋里。故选B。
7. ( ) A. give up B. find out C. care for D. cheer up
C
【解题思路】考查动词短语辨析。give up放弃；find out弄清，查明；care for照顾，照料；cheer up使振奋起来。此处是说，据说树袋熊妈妈会照顾树袋熊幼崽直到它足够大，可以独立（生活）。故选C。
8. ( ) A. because B. though C. unless D. when
D
【解题思路】考查连词词义辨析。because因为；though尽管；unless除非，如果不；when当……时。此处是说，当树袋熊幼崽九个月时，它开始自己爬树。故选D。
9. ( ) A. hours B. days C. minutes D. seconds
A
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。结合常识可知，此处是说，它们睡十八个小时。故hours"小时"符合文意。
10. ( ) A. careless B. excellent C. harmful D. lazy
B
【解题思路】考查形容词词义辨析。根据设空后的"They sometimes swim across rivers when there is flood （洪水）"可知，excellent"极好的，优秀的"符合文意。
B
Have you ever seen the popular cartoon Peppa Pig Some young children love to . .1. . like the cute little pigs in it because it sounds lovely. In fact, pigs in the real world are very clever animals with many kinds of feelings. They "speak" their feelings very . .2. .
In a new study, scientists recorded the . .3. . of some pigs in different situations. These situations included . .4. . playing with toys, fighting with each other and getting together with their family. According to the study,
there are clear . .5. . in the grunts（呼噜声） that pigs make in happy, sad or other situations. Their . .6. . calls, for example, usually show they are happy. When pigs . .7. . long, loud grunts, they may be afraid or sad.
Scientists then created a computer . .8. . and made it learn about more than 7,000 different pig grunts. The program is now able to . .9. . 92% of pig calls with the correct feelings.
"Our next step is to introduce this program to pig owners," one of the scientists said. "By . .10. . how their pigs are feeling, they will be able to take better care of their animals! I believe it will change a pig's life."
【B篇短文大意】 本文主要介绍了一项研究及其成果。该研究表明猪在不同的情况下会发出不同的声音，人们可以通过它们发出的声音来判断它们的情绪。
1. ( ) A. walk B. think C. exercise D. talk
D
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。根据设空后的"it sounds lovely"可知，此处是说，一些年幼的孩子喜欢学《小猪佩奇》里的小猪说话，因为那听起来很可爱。talk"讲话，说话"，符合文意。
2. ( ) A. slowly B. patiently C. bravely D. clearly
D
【解题思路】考查副词词义辨析。此处是说，它们能够非常清楚地"说出"自己的感受。clearly"清楚地，清晰地"，符合文意。
3. ( ) A. sizes B. pictures C. sounds D. actions
C
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文中的"in the grunts（呼噜声）"可知，此处是说科学家记录了一些猪在不同情况下发出的声音。sounds"声音"，符合文意。
4. ( ) A. owners B. pigs C. kids D. scientists
B
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。根据上句中的"some pigs"可知，此处是说，这些情景包括猪玩玩具、相互打架以及与家人相聚。pigs"猪"，符合文意。
5. ( ) A. differences B. levels C. standards D. influences
A
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。根据第二段的最后两句可知，此处是说，猪在高兴、悲伤或其他情况下发出的呼噜声有明显的不同。differences"差别；差异"，符合文意。
6. ( ) A. short B. proud C. noisy D. loud
A
【解题思路】考查形容词词义辨析。根据下句中的"long, loud grunts, they may be afraid or sad"可推知，猪发出的短促的呼噜声通常表明它们很高兴。short"短的"，符合文意。
7. ( ) A. avoid B. record C. make D. notice
C
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。根据上文中的"in the grunts （呼噜声） that pigs make"可知，此处应用make。
8. ( ) A. company B. program C. video D. festival
B
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。根据下句中的"The program"可知，此处是说,科学家随后设计了一个计算机程序，让它学习7 000多种不同的猪叫声。program"（计算机）程序"，符合文意。
9. ( ) A. repeat B. provide C. match D. add
C
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。此处是说，该程序现在能够将92%的猪叫声与正确的情绪相匹配。match"找相称的人（或物），使相配"，符合文意。
10. ( ) A. understanding B. controlling
C. remembering D. asking
A
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。此处是说，通过了解猪的情绪，猪的主人将能够更好地照顾他们的猪。understanding"理解"，符合文意。
C（原创新题）
The Maowusu Desert is on the border （边界） of Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia. It is one of the biggest . .1. . in China. After fighting against the sand for over 60 years, Chinese people are going to change the desert into grassland.
The Maowusu Desert brought many problems. It's said that Yulin City of Shaanxi . .2. . three times because of sandstorms. The locals had no stable （稳定的） place to live. Besides, the Yellow River
carried . .3. . away when it passed that area, making it a real "yellow" river. And worst of all, people went . .4. . for short of food and became ill.
In 1959, China took action to . .5. . the sand. Later the Three North Shelterbelt Program . .6. .. People wanted to make the Maowusu Desert . .7. . again. And after working for over sixty years, their dream . .8. .. More than 30% of the desert is covered with . .9. . and grass. And Yulin has got much new farmland to grow crops. We . .10. . believe that someday the Maowusu Desert won't be a desert any more. People living there are sure to lead a happier life.
【C篇短文大意】 本文介绍了毛乌素沙漠变绿洲的故事。
1. ( ) A. mountains B. deserts C. oceans D. beaches
B
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。此处是说，毛乌素沙漠是中国最大的沙漠之一。故选B。
2. ( ) A. moved B. repaired C. burnt D. developed
A
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。结合下文中的"The locals had no stable （稳定的） place to live"可知，因为沙尘暴，榆林市三迁。move"使改变位置，移动"，符合文意。
3. ( ) A. water B. stones C. trees D. sand
D
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。结合下文中的"making it a real ‘yellow’ river"以及常识可知，黄河流经那个地方，带走了泥沙。故用sand。
4. ( ) A. crazy B. energetic C. hungry D. healthy
C
【解题思路】考查形容词词义辨析。结合设空后的"short of food"可知，最糟糕的是，人们因为缺少食物而挨饿。故用hungry。
5. ( ) A. produce B. discover C. control D. wash
C
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。结合下文内容可知，1959年，中国采取行动治理沙漠。故用control。
6. ( ) A. canceled B. improved C. remained D. began
D
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。此处是说，不久，"三北"防护林工程启动了。故用began。
7. ( ) A. big B. alive C. beautiful D. famous
B
【解题思路】考查形容词词义辨析。结合下文内容可知，人们希望毛乌素沙漠重现生机。故用alive。
8. ( ) A. comes true B. turns down C. sets up D. calls off
A
【解题思路】考查动词短语的辨析。结合下文中的"And Yulin has got much new farmland to grow crops"可知，经过60多年的努力，人们希望毛乌素沙漠重现生机的梦想实现了。come true"（希望、愿望）等实现"；turn down"拒绝，调低（音量）"；set up"设立，设置"；call off "取消"。故选A。
9. ( ) A. snow B. rivers C. pools D. forests
D
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。结合设空后的"grass"可知，超过30%的沙漠被森林和草地覆盖。故选D。
10. ( ) A. generally B. strongly C. usually D. strangely
B
【解题思路】考查副词词义辨析。此处是说，我们坚信，有一天毛乌素沙漠将不再是一片沙漠。strongly"坚决地，坚定地"，符合文意。
D
There are two kinds of waterways in the world. One is . .1. ., called a river. The other is man-made, called a canal（运河）. China has the longest canal in the world — the Grand Canal.
The Grand Canal dates back over 2,500 . .2. .. During the Spring and Autumn Period, people started to . .3. . a canal in today's Jiangsu Province. During the Sui Dynasty, it became part of the Grand Canal. The Grand Canal . .4. . from Beijing in the north to Zhejiang Province in the south.
The canal connects five . .5. ., such as the Yellow River and the Yangtze River. In 2014, it was included on the World Heritage List.
Modern planes and trains make it . .6. . for people to get goods from different places. However, things were moved . .7. . by horse or on foot in old times. It took a lot of time to move large things like bags of rice and tea by . .8. .. The Grand Canal made things faster and easier to . .9. .. It also made the economy（经济） grow fast. Silk, tea and coal were all sent . .10. . the north and south.
Just like the Great Wall, the Grand Canal is considered to be one of the most important projects of ancient China.
【D篇短文大意】 本文介绍了中国的京杭大运河。
1. ( ) A. long B. natural C. wide D. old
B
【解题思路】考查形容词词义辨析。结合设空后的"The other is man-made"（另一种是人造的）可知此处是说，一种是天然的。故用natural。
2. ( ) A. years B. weeks C. months D. days
A
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文提到的春秋时期和隋朝可知此处是说，京杭大运河可以追溯到2,500多年前。故选A。
3. ( ) A. discover B. invent C. build D. repair
C
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。上文提到运河是人造的，故此处是说，春秋时期，人们开始在现在的江苏省建造一条运河。故用build。
4. ( ) A. drives B. rides C. walks D. runs
D
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。此处是说，京杭大运河北起北京市，向南流到浙江省。run意为"流淌，流动"，符合文意。
5. ( ) A. roads B. bridges C. rivers D. forests
C
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。结合设空后的"such as the Yellow River and the Yangtze River"可知此处是说，京杭大运河连接了五条河。故选C。
6. ( ) A. heavy B. comfortable C. necessary D. easy
D
【解题思路】考查形容词词义辨析。此处是说，现代的飞机和火车使人们很容易得到来自不同地方的货品。故用easy。
7. ( ) A. rapidly B. slowly C. safely D. quietly
B
【解题思路】考查副词词义辨析。结合设空后的"It took a lot of time to move large things"（运输大件货品需要很长时间）可知，在古代，依靠马或人徒步运送货品是很慢的。故用slowly。
8. ( ) A. air B. bike C. land D. sea
C
【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析。上文提到的依靠马或人徒步运送货品都属于陆运方式。故用land。
9. ( ) A. sell B. produce C. store D. move
D
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。结合上文中的"things were moved"以及"It took a lot of time to move large things"可知此处是说，京杭大运河使运送货品更快捷、更容易。故选D。
10. ( ) A. between B. among C. over D. against
A
【解题思路】考查介词词义辨析。此处是说，丝绸、茶叶、煤都在南北方之间被运送。两者之间应用between。
