湖南衡阳名校2024届高三一轮复习11月第3周周练 英语试题（含解析）
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2023年11月份第3周
英语
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、七选五
1、 I have a drawer fall of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write. up their Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示) on where to buy their presents. ①_____
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something; other times t may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. ②_____ And when writing doesn't seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. ③_____ You write “Dear Santa” because you don't know him personally and you want to show him respect.
④_____ Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal language most of the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done. ⑤_____ This type of writing won't be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience.
A. It isn't that these young people can't write.
B. But it is always purposeful—or at least it should be.
C. The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E. You write "Hi Nanna and Pop" because you are close to them.
F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G. But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
2、If you are planning to organize a summer camp, you need to have a good plan of action. Children look forward to attending summer camps. They want to learn new things, and make new friends. So, your summer camp planning decides whether the kids are going to enjoy it or not. ①________
Summer Camp Themes
When you plan a summer Camp, you ought to have a theme. For example, you can have a swimming summer camp. ②_________ An art camp would have a theme like “paint the world”, and so on.
Summer Camp Games
If the summer camp is going to be an overnight program, then you have to prepare all kinds of activities for kids. ③_________ Games act as one of the best and simple relaxing skills for kids. They also help kids get along with each other and develop the ability to work in a team.
Adventure Sports
The most interesting part of a summer camp is adventure sports! Plan for sports like rock-climbing, river-crossing, etc. ④_________ However, words giving kids encouragement are always welcome.
A Special Day
⑤_________ You can have a party or something like that. You can also have a cultural day or a talent day when the children get to exhibit their culture or tradition they belong to, and at the same time, get to know about other cultures, too.
Just head on and carry out all the above things. Make it the most fun and interesting camp ever, so that you have them coming back to you each time you plan for a summer camp in the future!
A. So plan interesting and fun games.
B. Your summer camp program can have a special day.
C. Here the kids interested in swimming would join your camp.
D. A kid could feel bad if he / she is not doing well at the camp.
E. Kids on the summer camp need to be on their own sometimes.
F. This article will help you make the camp more interesting and fun.
G. Make sure you do not force a kid to take part in an activity he / she is scared of.
3、 Surprise is the error signal our brains produce when something unexpected happens. It is a dopamine (多巴胺)trigger, producing the neurotransmitter(神经递质)that drives attention and motivation. ①_____ It makes us stop, notice, and learn.
In his book The Power of Surprise, Rousell presents his findings from decades of his research: ②_____ They form our self-concept.
③_____ Samantha felt her shyness was a weakness, until her swim coach surprised her by naming her captain. He said, "She may be quiet, but when this girl says something, you're going to want to listen." The surprise left her feeling quietly powerful. The change in her beliefs and behaviors was instant and lasting.
Not all surprising moments are created equal. Rousell illustrates some research-backed steps to use surprise well.
Spot self-criticism you'd like to help someone revise. For example, perhaps your student sees himself as a slow learner, or your employee believes he lacks creativity. ④_____ Maybe the student who thinks he learns slowly is also very thorough. The employee who thinks he lacks creativity is highly logical. Make your message quick and to the point. The more you delay on the topic or dress it up as flowery praise, the less surprising it will be. ⑤_____
A. Point out his weakness.
B. It was essential adaptation for humans.
C. Identify the opposite side of the same coin.
D. Also, it will make less difference to one's mind.
E. Here is an example the author shares in his book.
F. Po put it simply, surprise is a big deal to our brains.
G. Surprise brings the experiences shaping who we believe we are.
4、As the weekend comes to an end, many of us are missing out on Sunday Funday and instead experiencing a sense of anxiety and even dread (恐惧) about the upcoming week. ①________ Here’s how you can ease your end-of-weekend anxiety.
Structure your Sunday.
Structure can be a best friend when feeling the Sunday scaries. Instead of sitting on the couch and watching the clock aimlessly, do something that you enjoy. You might still get that sense of dread, but that feeling is harder to hold on to when you have a cheerful schedule. ②________ It’s important to make space for relaxing activities.
Identify your anxiety sources.
Anxiety is a normal human experience. ③_______ Create multiple to-do lists: one list for tasks that need to be completed immediately, another for tasks that are less urgent, and a final list for tasks that you’d like to complete at some point. Seeing these can help put into perspective what’s important and what you can let go of for now. This can help decrease the anticipation of the stress and dread of the week.
Create some excitement for the week ahead.
Having something to look forward to gives you something to think about that’s pleasing, rather than only focusing on the dread you feel. It’s a form of reframing your thoughts. Do not focus on the awful things. ④________ This gives you the opportunity to shift your thoughts to something fun and will help improve your mood.
⑤________
Make Sunday nights about doing something for yourself. In this way, you are able to give yourself proper relaxing time. It could be planning some favorite foods to enjoy while watching football. Do your best to honor this time and make Sunday night all about you—leave the work emails for Monday morning.
A. Check the emails on Sunday nights.
B. End your Sunday with the right energy.
C. Besides, try not to stuff your weekend with too many odds and ends.
D. Instead, build excitement over a coffee or lunch date with a friend.
E. Although the Sunday scaries are common, they are still manageable.
F. One way to manage it is to find what really causes you to dread the week.
G. It can be whatever feels like a helpful distraction to flee from the anxiety.
二、书面表达
5、6月6日是全国爱眼日。在爱眼日来临之际, 你校英文报以“爱护眼睛”为主题开展征文活动,请根据以下提示写一篇短文。要点提示:
1. 用眼的不良习惯和问题;
2. 保护眼睛的措施和建议。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:myopia近视
How to Protect Our Eyes
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6、 假定你是李华,打算应聘你校学生英语报Youth的Growing Up Stories栏目的编辑,请用英语写一封应聘信,内容包括:
1.对栏目的理解;
2.个人优势。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Chief Editor,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
7、假定你是李华，你班与英国的姊妹学校某班级在线共上了一堂“经典诗歌鉴赏(Appreciation of Classic Poetry)”的交流课。请你在线上留言板上写一则评论，内容包括：
1.交流课的特点；
2.观看感受；
3.意见建议。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The online class was absolutely wonderful.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
三、语法填空
8、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Does Takeaway Exist in Ancient China
As early as in the Song Dynasty, “takeout” services were already available. In Zhang Zeduan’s popular painting Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival, there is a restaurant boy who has just come out of the shop with “to-go boxes” in his left hand and tableware (餐具) in his right, still ①______(wear) the shop apron and seeming to deliver the food somewhere. That image ②______ (believe) to be a reflection of the original takeaway boy.
In ancient times, there were three ways to order food. The first is servant order. Send a family retainer( 仆人) to go to a restaurant and make ③______ order. When the food is ready, there is someone who ④______ (particular) delivers the food to the customer’s home, and then gets paid. The second is agreed delivery. Sign a long-term ⑤______ (agree) with the restaurant. The store, ⑥______ every agreed day, will pack the food well and send it to the customer’s home. The last one is door-to-door selling. The sellers from restaurants sell the food door to door, especially in the entertainment places like theatres, ⑦______ are crowded with many people.
The to-go box, wenpan (warm tray), ⑧______ (consist) of two layers of porcelain. When ⑨______ (use), hot water is injected into the interlayer of the plate ⑩______ (keep) the dishes warm. In this way, the dish is still warm when it arrives at the customer’s home.
四、阅读理解
Researchers have developed a device that turns sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and formic acid(甲酸)—a stable fuel that can either be used directly or be changed into hydrogen, without requiring any additional components or electricity. The device, developed by a team from the University of Cambridge, is a significant step toward achieving artificial photosynthesis(光合作用).
Harvesting solar energy to turn carbon dioxide into fuels is a promising way to reduce carbon emissions. However, it is challenging to produce these clean fuels without unwanted by-products. "In addition, the storage of gaseous fuels can he complicated—we want to get to the point where we can cleanly produce a liquid fuel that can also be easily stored and transported," said Professor Reisner, senior author of the study.
In 2019, researchers from Reisner's group developed a solar reactor based on an "artificial leaf" design, which also uses sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to produce a fuel, known as syn-gas. The new technology is quite similar to the artificial leaf but works in a different way and produces formic acid, which can be chemically converted into different types of fuel.
The artificial leaf used components from solar cells, while the new device doesn't require these components and relies entirely on photocatalysts(光催化剂) placed on a sheet. The sheets are made up of semiconductor powders, which can be prepared in large quantities easily and cost-effectively. In addition, this new technology produces clean fuels that are easier to store.
"We were surprised how well it worked-it produced almost no by-products," said Reisner. "Sometimes things don't work as well as you expected, but this was a rare case where it actually worked better."
The researchers are now working to further improve efficiency. Additionally, they are exploring other catalysts to get different solar fuels. "We hope this technology will pave the way toward sustainable and practical solar fuel production," said Reisner.
9、What was a problem with artificial photosynthesis
A. It consumes too much electricity.
B. It produces too many by-products.
C. The energy it produces is not easy to store.
D. The energy it produces cannot be used directly.
10、What advantage does the new device have over the artificial leaf
A. It is more environmentally friendly.
B. It is lighter and easier to carry.
C. It is more economical and efficient.
D. It uses less energy-demanding solar cells.
11、What do the researchers focus on doing now
A.Trying out new catalysts. B. Making full use of by-products.
C. Exploring other sustainable fuels. D. Mass-producing their new device.
12、What can be the best title for the text
A. The Prospect of Artificial Photosynthesis
B. A New Device for Artificial Photosynthesis
C. The Opportunities and Challenges of Photocatalysts
D. The Artificial Leaf: Great Progress on Making Clean Energy
It is a windy day. Glenn Gould has got a coffee cup sitting on the piano top and is working on a music written by Bach. As he plays, he gets so totally lost in the music that suddenly, he stands up, and walks in what looks like a dream to the window.
There's a total silence. Then the Bach flows out of him. He's still playing, but in his head. Then he turns, wanders back, sits down on a low chair in front of the piano and picks up right where his voice left off, but now with new energy.
Gould, the greatest interpreter of Bach, is a strange man. He doesn't like to practise. Instead, he'll prepare for concerts mentally, running the piece over and over and playing with imaginary fingers.
Gould, for some reasons, reminds me of Michael Jordan playing basketball or Etta James singing the blues: There's a concentration that's so deep that it feels special, like a kind of “flow”.
“When you are in it, you lose track of everything except what you're doing,” writes neuroscientist Daniel Levitin. “There was a surgeon, who wasn't aware that the roof of his operating room had collapsed until he was done with the surgery. In this state, what you think becomes what you do. You get blissfully lost in an activity, forgetting time, yourselves and your problems.”
How does one get there That's still a mystery. Practice is important. Strong will matters. Talent helps. When you find your “flow”, your brain changes. Sex, hunger and thirst matter less. You are chemically released and can now wander far and wide. Yes, you have no idea where you are or how this is happening. But once you you’re your “flow”, it’s one of the most wonderful experiences ever.
When I watch Glenn Gould walking back to his piano, I see a man living in heaven, if there is one.
13、How does Glenn Gould usually prepare for concerts
A. By drinking coffee to get more energy.
B. By running the pieces in his head first.
C. By practicing over and over on the piano.
D. By doing exercise in his sweet dreams.
14、Which of the following best describes being in the state of “flow”
A. Encouraged. B. Worried. C. Absorbed. D. Absent-minded.
15、What does the underlined word “blissfully” in paragraph 5 mean
A. Happily. B. Occasionally. C. Unnecessarily. D. Hardly.
16、What is less likely to help us find our “flow”
A. Practice. B. Will. C. Talent. D. Desire.
Cultivated meat, also known as lab-grown meat, has been cleared for sale in the US.Actually，Lab-grown meat is made by feeding a mix of nutrients to animal cells in steel tanks in labs. The idea is to create an alternative to agriculturally raised meat. And unlike other meat substitutes which are made from plant proteins and other ingredients, lab-grown meat is real meat.
Upside Foods and Good Meat, two companies that make “cultivated chicken”, said that they have gotten approval from the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) to start producing their cell-based proteins. Good Meat said that production is starting immediately. Cultivated meat is grown in a giant vat (缸), much like what you’d find at a beer factory.
Last week both companies revealed that the USDA approved labels for their products. In March, Good Meat received a “no questions” letter from the FDA, confirming the product’s safety for sale in the US. Upside Foods also received one in November. Both the USDA and the FDA are overseeing the growing cultivated meat market. CEO of Good Meat, Josh Tetrick, described the approval as a major milestone for the company, the industry, and the food system. Upside founder Uma Valeti called the approval “a giant step forward towards a more sustainable future”.
Good Meat, which has been selling its products in Singapore, advertises its product as “meat without slaughter (屠宰)”, a more humane approach to eating meat. Supporters hope that cultivated meat will help fight climate change by reducing the need for traditional animal agriculture, which emits greenhouse gases. The company previously announced a partnership with chef José Andrés to introduce the product to a Washington DC restaurant, although the launch time remains uncertain. As production increases, Good Meat may explore cooperation with other restaurants or supermarkets.
Upside is planning to introduce its product at Bar Crenn, a San Francisco restaurant, but did not share a launch date yet. Selling at Bar Crenn should help Upside learn more about how chefs and diners feel about the product. Eventually, the company plans to work with other restaurants and make its products available in supermarkets. For now, it is holding a contest to allow curious customers to be among the first to try the product.
17、What do Upside Foods and Good Meat have in common
A.Both have partnerships with international chefs.
B.Both are involved in producing lab-grown meat.
C.Both declared a launch date of their cultivated meat.
D.Both received FDA approval for worldwide distribution.
18、What is the potential benefit of cultivated meat
A.Higher safety for eating.
B.Lower costs for restaurants.
C.Improvements in traditional animal agriculture.
D.Positive impacts on climate change.
19、What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A.Diners have access to free products from Upside.
B.Curious customers will become the main force of buying.
C.Upside will evaluate the responses of chefs and diners to its product.
D.Upside will conduct a survey among diners about their paying ability.
20、What is the text mainly about
A.The benefits of cultivated meat.
B.The research on cultivated meat.
C.The history and processing of cultivated meat.
D.The approval and prospect of cultivated meat.
Consider the possibility that all human technology started with a mistake — or at least a lack of hand-eye coordination. In a new study published on Friday in Science Advances, Lydia Luncz and Tomos Proffitt, both at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, argue that mistakenly created flakes (薄片) may have been our ancient ancestors’ or other now-extinct early human relatives “first step toward creating the sharp-edged tools that they used to butcher animals and cut edible plants.
To do their research, Luncz and Proffitt traveled to an abandoned oil palm plantation near Thailand’s Phang Nga Bay and collected more than 1, 100 pieces of nut-cracking stones used by a troop of long-tailed macaques (猕猴). Macaques crack open oil palm nuts by placing them on a flat stone and striking their shell with another stone. These monkeys often miss the nut and accidentally break the stones, producing sharp flakes. Luncz and Proffitt analyzed these stones, which revealed a surprising fact: The flakes that the macaques unintentionally produced looked a lot like the oldest stone tools that were intentionally made by hominins (古人类).
Macaques don’t use the sharp flakes they create for anything, Luncz adds, noting that the monkeys have sharp teeth and don’t need cutting tools. The similar ancient stone tools collected from some of the earliest known sites, however, show evidence of being used for cutting tasks. For example, in Oldowan, a site dating between 3.3 million and 1.5 million years ago, researchers analyzed use-wear patterns on the tools and found that some of the flakes showed damage along their edges, indicating that they had been used for cutting. Cut marks on some fossils revealed that hominins had used stone tools for butchering the animals, making it clear that the sharp stone tools were anything but unintentional by-products of other pounding activities.
Despite the findings, to reveal the mechanism for the emergence of flake technology, researchers still need to learn how hominins made the leap from accidentally producing sharp flakes to picking them up and using them. Luncz and Proffitt hope to find the missing link in further studies.
21、What can we learn from paragraph 2
A.The flakes produced by macaques were similar to hominins’ stone tools.
B.Long-tailed macaques used the flakes to crack open oil palm nuts.
C.Macaques deliberately produced flakes for cutting by breaking stones.
D.The two researchers went to Thailand and collected 1, 100 flakes.
22、Why does the author mention the Oldowan site in paragraph 3
A. To clarify a complex concept. B. To provide specific proof.
C.To present an interesting fact. D. To make a detailed comparison.
23、What will Luncz and Proffitt probably focus on in their future study
A. Why macaques create flakes. B. Why hominins used stone tools.
C. How hominins began using flakes. D. How macaques cut food with flakes.
24、What is the best title of the passage
A.Flake technology: from macaques to hominins.
B.A mistake: the origin of human technology.
C.Pounding activities: on human evolutionary course.
D.A missing link: long-tailed macaques create flakes.
For 85 years, the Harvard Study of Adult Development has tracked an original group of 724 men and more than 1,300 of their male and female descendants (后代) over three generations, asking thousands of questions and taking hundreds of measurements to find out what really keeps people healthy and happy.
Through all the years of studying these lives, one crucial factor stands out for the consistency and power of its bond to physical health, mental health and longevity: good relationships.
In 2008, researchers telephoned the wives and husbands of Harvard Study couples in their 80s every night for eight nights. Researchers spoke to each partner separately and asked them a series of questions about their days.
On days when these men and women spent more time in the company of others, they were happier. Like most older people, those in the Harvard Study experienced day-to-day rises and falls in their levels of physical pain and health difficulties. But researchers found that the people who were in more satisfying relationships were cushioned (缓冲) somewhat from these ups and downs of mood—their happiness did not decline as much on the days when they had more pain. Simply put, their happy marriages seemed to have a protective effect.
Elizabeth Gillespie, a therapist of couples, stated that although most of us found that our experience of relationships might be hard, and at times, impossible, it is essential to our well-being.
Today we live in much more complicated environments, so meeting our social needs presents different challenges. We might be sitting on a gold mine of vitality that we are not paying attention to, because it is hidden by the shiny appeal of smartphones or pushed to the side by work demands.
25、What’s the purpose of the Harvard Study of Adult Development
A. To study their lives over three generations.
B. To reveal the secret to health and well-being.
C. To track the descendants of an original group.
D. To study the relationship between health and happiness.
26、How did the researchers carry out the study
A. By working with other researchers.
B. By tracking specific groups of people.
C. By helping participants with social difficulties.
D. By comparing the results from different people.
27、Why did the author mention the examples in Paragraph 4
A. To provide evidence for the bond of health and longevity.
B. To introduce the concept of physical pain and health difficulties.
C. To show the negative impact of unhappy marriages on older people’s mood.
D. To support the positive impact of satisfying relationships on people’s lives.
28、According to Elizabeth Gillespie, what is essential to our well-being
A. Having good social connections.
B. Declining pains and difficulties.
C. Overcoming ups and downs of mood.
D. Experiencing rises and falls of physical health.
五、短文填空
29、China has named 24, 126 primary and middle schools across the country specialist football schools ①_______(lead) youth football development, according to the Ministry of Education (MOE). It’s required that at least one football class ②_______ (offer) each week in these schools so that they can encourage their students to ③_______ (active) participate in football training and matches.
“China aims to have 50, 000 schools specializing in youth football by the end of 2025,” said Wang Dengfeng, an official with the MOE, ④_______ (add) that to realize this goal, the ministry will take various measures that include building school football fields, training football coaches and providing extra funding and policy support. ⑤_______ those measures in schools, 47 football training camps have also been built in ⑥_______ effort to promote the sport among young people. And outstanding or ⑦_______ (gift) players will also have the chance to join inter-school teams for regional ⑧_______ (compete) and even national summer camps.
In the past four years, local education departments have trained about 40,000 football teachers, 8,000 of ⑨_______ have obtained coaching certificates. Moreover, the country ⑩_______ (step) up its efforts in promoting football in schools since it set up a seven-department joint task force, including the education, sport and finance authorities as well as the Chinese Football Association.
30、 The summer of 2022 is certain to be burnt into the memories of the Chongqing people, a summer ①_____ we were tested beyond measure and came together to adapt and overcome hardships. Long known ②_____ one of the "stoves" of China, Chongqing experienced the temperature up to 45℃ by day in summer. This brought about many problems, including dried-up rivers, lack of power, drought, and forest fires in 9 districts. The situation was difficult and complex. But the people became stronger than ever.
What I saw was that when things got hard, Chongqing ③_____(rise) to the challenge. Without complaint, the city began to save electricity, reducing the opening hours of shopping malls to secure the critical power supply to residents, hospitals ④_____ schools. ⑤_____ (fight) the fires, professionals and volunteers came forward and gave all their ⑥_____(strong). Firefighters and thousands of volunteers worked day and night to prevent the flames destroying several mountainous districts in Chongqing. Motoreycle ⑦_____(fan) rode through thick smoke and fierce fire to deliver essential fire-fighting supplies on remote roads as the people of Chongqing united to prevent ⑧_____(far) disaster.
Exhausted, sweaty, and tired, but we did not give up. We would lose the fight only by ⑨_____(quit).The army came to help fight the fire, and ⑩_____(thorough) put out the fire.
参考答案
1、答案：DBEFG
解析：①细节理解题。根据上文As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示) on where to buy their presents.(随着孩子们逐渐长大,他们会给圣诞老人一些提示,告诉他去哪里买礼物。)可知,孩子们给圣诞老人提示去哪买礼物。因此D项As a result, each year they received something they wanted.(结果,他们每年都会收到他们想要的东西。)为孩子们提示的结果:收到心仪的礼物。前后为明显的因果关系。故选D。
②推理判断题。根据上文Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something; other times may be to entertain, inform, or persuade.(有时我们的目的是获得东西,有时可能是为了娱乐、告知或说服。)可知,我们写作都是带着目的的。因此B项But it is always purposeful—or at least it should be.(但它总是有目的的—或者至少应该是这样。)可知,前后语意一致,说明写作是带有目的的。故选B。
③语境衔接题。根据空前的When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly.(当孩子们为真正的读者和真正的目的写作时,他们就能学会相应地选择用词。)以及空后的You write "Dear Santa" because you don't know him personally and you want to show him respect.(你写"亲爱的圣诞老人"是因为你不认识他,你想表达对他的尊重。)可知,空后句和空前句之间是“理论—实践”的关系,由此可推知,空处也应为具体的实践。因此E项You write "Hi Nanna and Pop" because you are close to them.(你写"嗨,奶奶和爸爸",因为你和他们很亲近。)符合语境,而且和空后结构一致。故选E。
④联系下文题。根据下文Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing videogames all mean that they are constantly producing written messages.(在玩电子游戏时发短信、在线消息、实时聊天都意味着他们在不断地产生书面信息。)可知,科技的发展让人们的写作变得更普遍。因此F项As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.(随着科技的发展,年轻人写的东西比以前更多了。)符合语境。故选F。
⑤语境衔接题。根据空前的There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done.(这种写作方式并没有错。它迎合了观众和目的,完成了任务。)可知,作者在评价这种科技影响下的写作方式。因此G项But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.(但如果这是年轻人唯一的写作方式,那就会造成问题。)从正反两方面评价科技带来的写作,符合语境,故选G。
2、答案：①-⑤ FCAGB
解析：①下文介绍了如何把夏令营的各个项目办好，故根据文章结构可知，空处应为一个承上启下的总括句，故F项能够起到承上启下的作用。
②C项中的“The kids interested in swimming”与上句中的“you can have a swimming summer camp”相呼应，故选C。
③空前提及“为孩子们准备各种活动”，以及空后对游戏作用的描述可知，空处所填内容应该能起到承上启下的作用，且和游戏内容相关，故选A。
④根据However可知,空处与下句“However, words giving kids encouragement are always welcome.”构成转折,故G项符合题意。
⑤B项中的“a special day”与本段主题“A Special Day”相呼应，故选B。
3、答案：FGECD
解析：①根据空前内容可知,空前讲述了惊讶的基本信息。空后讲了惊讶对我们的作用。由此可知,空处应承上启下,介绍惊讶与我们有关的基本信息,故F项符合语境。
②根据空前的"In his book...of his research"可知,在他的书中, Rousell介绍了他几十年来的研究发现。由此可知,空处应说明研究发现具体是什么,G选项"惊讶带来的体验塑造了我们所认为的自己"承接上文,且空后的They指代G项中的experiences,故G项符合语境。
③本空为该段主旨句。根据空后内容可知,Samantha觉得害羞是她的弱点,直到她的游泳教练任命她为队长,这让她大吃一惊。教练的话让她觉得自己很强大。她的信念和行为发生了立刻而持久的变化。由此可知,这是列举的一个具体例子,故E项"下面是作者在他的书中分享的一个例子“符合语境。
④根据空前内容可知,学生也许认为自己学习很慢,员工也许认为自己缺乏创造力。根据空后内容可知,认为自己学得慢的学生也是很仔细周到的;认为自己缺乏创造力的员工是很有逻辑的。由此可知,我们要看到一件事情的另一面,C项承上启下,符合语境。
⑤根据空前的"The more you…less surprising it will be"可知, 你在这个话题上越拖延, 或者把它装扮成华丽的赞美, 它就越不令人惊讶。故D项"而且,它对一个人的思想影响较小"符合语境。
4、答案：ECFDB
解析：①空前“As the weekend comes to an end, many of us are missing out on Sunday Funday and instead experiencing a sense of anxiety and even dread (恐惧) about the upcoming week.(随着周末的结束，我们中的许多人错过了周日的欢乐日，而对即将到来的一周感到焦虑甚至恐惧。)”说明了我们很多人会有周末焦虑，空后“Here’s how you can ease your end-of-weekend anxiety.(以下是缓解周末焦虑的方法。)”说明周末焦虑是可以缓解的，因此空格处应该说周末焦虑是可以被控制或解决的，E选项“Although the Sunday scaries are common, they are still manageable.(尽管周日恐慌很常见，但它们仍然是可控的。)”说明周日焦虑是可以控制的，承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
②空后“It’s important to make space for relaxing activities.(为令人放松的活动腾出空间是很重要的。)”说明要为一些令人放松的活动腾出空间，因此空格处应该是说不要把周末填得太满，C选项“Besides, try not to stuff your weekend with too many odds and ends.(此外，尽量不要让你的周末塞满太多零碎的东西。)”说明了不要把周末都填满了，引起下文，符合语境，故选C。
③本段小标题是“Identify your anxiety sources.(确定焦虑的来源。)”，空前“Anxiety is a normal human experience.(焦虑是一种正常的人类体验。)”说明焦虑是很正常的，空格处应该说要找到你周末焦虑的原因，F选项“One way to manage it is to find what really causes you to dread the week.(处理它的一个方法是找出真正让你害怕这一周的原因。)”说明了要找到周末焦虑的原因，承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
④空前“Do not focus on the awful things.(不要专注于糟糕的事情。)”说明不要专注于糟糕的事情，空格处应该说正确的做法是什么，D选项“Instead, build excitement over a coffee or lunch date with a friend.(相反，和朋友一起喝杯咖啡或吃顿午餐让你兴奋起来。)”说明了正确的做法是和朋友去喝咖啡放松一下，承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
⑤空格处是本段小标题，由空后的“Make Sunday nights about doing something for yourself. In this way, you are able to give yourself proper relaxing time. It could be planning some favorite foods to enjoy while watching football. Do your best to honor this time and make Sunday night all about you—leave the work emails for Monday morning.(周日晚上为自己做点事情。这样，你就能给自己适当的放松时间。它可以是计划一些最喜欢的食物，一边看足球一边享用。尽你所能珍惜这段时间，让周日晚上完全属于你—把工作邮件留到周一早上。)”说明了周日的晚上应该为自己做一些令人放松的事情，B选项“End your Sunday with the right energy.(带着正确的能量结束你的周日。)”说明了在周日晚上应该做一些对的事情，可作为本段小标题，故选B。
5、答案：
How to Protect Our Eyes
Eyes are the window of our mind. Without eyes, nothing is left but darkness.
But nowadays, the number of students who suffer from myopia increases sharply. We can see more and more students around us wear glasses and the glasses on the nose are getting thicker and thicker. It not only has a strong impact on our study, but also makes our daily life inconvenient.
How to protect our eyes It's not right to keep our eyes working for a long time. We should not read in strong or poor light. Remember to do eye exercises every day. What's more, a balanced diet is necessary.
解析：
6、答案：
Dear Chief Editor,
Hearing that some editors are needed for the student English newspaper—Youth , I'm writing to apply for the post sincerely.
I'm Li Hua, a senior student. In my opinion, the column of Growing Up Stories of the newspaper is mainly about our growing experiences, including both our happiness and sadness. We can share our unforgettable or meaningful moments in it.
Fluent in English writing, I am sure that I will be capable of doing well as an editor. Besides, I once worked as the chief editor of the English Newspaper of our class, which I believe will be helpful for the job.
I would appreciate it if my application could be taken into consideration. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
7、答案：
The online class was absolutely wonderful. Themed on the Appreciation of Classic Poetry, it unfolded the eternal charm of classic poetry to us. Online as it was, this class created a totally immersive atmosphere.
The highlight of the class was the short clip named “When Li Bai Meets William Wordsworth”. By comparing the differences and similarities of these two great romantic poets, the video gave us a new insight into their writing skills and the emotions hidden behind the lines. It also triggered our passion to explore more about the ever-lasting beauty of poems.
Honestly, it would be better if more interactive elements, such as mini-games or real-time comments, are included in this class. Generally speaking, it was truly fantastic.
8、答案：1. wearing2. is believed3. an4. particularly5. agreement6. on7. which8. consists9. used10. to keep
解析： ①考查现在分词。句意：在张泽端的流行画作《清明上河图》中，有一个餐馆服务员刚从店里出来，左手拿着"待售盒"，右手拿着餐具，仍然穿着围裙，似乎要把食物送到某个地方。本句为there be结构，设空及后面部分在句子中作方式或伴随状语，wear与其逻辑主语a restaurant boy之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式，故填wearing.
②考查被动语态。句意：这一形象被认为是最初的外卖小哥的反映。本句陈述一般性事实，That image是单数名词，与动词believe之间为被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is believed。
③考查冠词。句意：派一个家庭佣人去餐馆点餐。order这里指"点餐；订单"，是可数名词，且是以元音音素开头的单词，前面需加不定冠问an表泛指，故填an。
④考查副词。句意：当食物准备好后，会有人专门把食物送到顾客家里，然后拿到报酬。设空处修饰动词delivers，应用副词particularly作状语，表示"专门地"，故填particularly。
⑤考查名词。句意：与餐厅签订长期协议。设空前有a long-term修饰，应用单数名词agreement作sign的宾语，表示"协定；协议"，故填agreement。
⑥考查介词。句意：商店在约定的每一天都会把食物包装好，送到顾客家里。表示在具体的某一天应用介词on，故填on。
⑦考查定语从句。句意：餐馆的小贩挨家挨户地出售食物，尤其是在剧院等娱乐场所，那里挤满了很多人。设空处需要一个连接词引导非限制性定语从句，连接词指代先行词the entertainment places在句子中作主语，应用关系代词which引导，故填which。
⑧考查主谓一致。句意：待售盒，又称温盘，是由两层瓷器组成。本句陈述一般性事实应用一般现在时，主语The to-go box是单数名词，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，consist of"由……组成"，固定短语，不可用于被动语态，故填consists。
⑨考查过去分词。句意：使用时，热水被注入盘子的夹层以保持盘子的温度。when引导的时间状语从句中省略了主语及be动词，主语hot water-与use之间为被动语态，应用过去分词形式，故填used。
⑩考查动词不定式。句意：使用时，热水被注入盘子的夹层以保持盘子的温度。分析句子可知，此处表目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to keep。
9、答案：C
解析：根据第二段中的In addition, the storage of gaseous fuels can be complicated—we want to get to the point where we can cleanly produce a liquid fuel that can also be easily stored and transported 可知,人工光合作用的一个问题就是产生的气态燃料不易储存。
10、答案：C
解析：根据第四段中的The sheets are made up of semiconductor powders, which can be prepared in large quantities easily and cost-effectively.可知,与人造叶子相比,这种新设备更经济和高效。故选C项。
11、答案：A
解析：根据最后一段中的Additionally, they are exploring other catalysts to get different solar fuels.可知,研究人员现在专注于试验新的催化剂。故选A项。
12、答案：B
解析：通读全文,尤其是根据第一段中的Researchers have developed a device that turns sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and formic acid可知,文章主要介绍了研究人员发明的一种可用于人工光合作用的新设备。所以B项(一种新型的用于人工光合作用的装置)最适合作本文标题。故选B项。
13、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Instead, he’ll prepare for concerts mentally, running the piece over and over and playing with imaginary fingers.”可知,演出前, Glenn Gould喜欢在大脑里一遍又一遍地练习。
14、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。 根据第四段“There’s a concentration that’s so deep that it feels special, like a kind of ‘flow’. ”及第五段“‘When you are in it, you lose track of everything except what you’re doing,’”可推断,处于“flow”状态的人，一定是全神贯注的。
15、答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后“... forgetting time, yourselves and your problems.”及下文可推断，Happily 与 blissfully 是同义词
16、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Practice is important. Strong will matters. Talent helps. When you find your ‘flow’, your brain changes. Sex, hunger and thirst matter less.”可知答案。
17、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Upside Foods and Good Meat, two companies that make 'cultivated chicken', said that they have gotten approval from the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) to start producing their cell-based proteins.(两家生产‘养殖鸡’的公司Upside Foods和Good Meat表示，他们已获得美国农业部(USDA)的批准，开始生产基于细胞的蛋白质)”可知，Upside Foods和Good Meat两家公司都参与了实验室培育肉的生产。故选B项。
18、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Supporters hope that cultivated meat will help fight climate change by reducing the need for traditional animal agriculture, which emits greenhouse gases.(支持者希望人造肉能够减少对排放温室气体的传统畜牧业的需求，从而帮助应对气候变化)”可知，人造肉潜在的益处在于其能对气候变化产生积极影响。故选D项。
19、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Selling at Bar Crenn should help Upside learn more about how chefs and diners feel about the product. Eventually, the company plans to work with other restaurants and make its products available in supermarkets. (在Bar Crenn的销售应该会帮助Upside更多地了解厨师和食客对产品的看法。最终，该公司计划与其他餐厅合作，并在超市出售其产品）”可推知，Upside将评估厨师和食客对其产品的反应。故选C项。
20、答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Upside Foods and Good Meat, two companies that make 'cultivated chicken', said that they have gotten approval from the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) to start producing their cell-based proteins.(两家生产养殖 鸡'的公司Upside Foods和Good Meat表示，他们已获得美国农业部（USDA)的批准，开始生产基于细胞的 蛋白质）”及倒数第二段“As production increases, Good Meat may explore cooperation with other restaurants or supermarkets.(随着产量的增加，Good Meat可能会 探索与其他餐厅或超市的合作”以及最后一 段“Eventually, the company plans to work with other restaurants and make its products available in supermarkets.(最终，该公司计划与其他餐厅合作， 并在超市出售其产品)”并联合全文内容可知，本文介绍了人造肉被批准销售，并展望了其前景。故选 D项。
21、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“Luncz and Proffitt analyzed these stones, which revealed a surprising fact: The flakes that the macaques unintentionally produced looked a lot like the oldest stone tools that were intentionally made by hominins (古人类).(Luncz和Proffitt分析了这些石头，发现了一个令人惊讶的事实：猕猴无意中产生的薄片看起来很像人类故意制造的最古老的石器。)”可知，猕猴制作的薄片与人类的石器相似。故选A。
22、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“The similar ancient stone tools collected from some of the earliest known sites, however, show evidence of being used for cutting tasks. For example, in Oldowan, a site dating between 3. 3 million and 1. 5 million years ago, researchers analyzed use-wear patterns on the tools and found that some of the flakes showed damage along their edges, indicating that they had been used for cutting.(然而，从一些已知最早的遗址中收集到的类似的古代石器显示出用于切割任务的证据。例如，在奥尔德万，一个可以追溯到大约330万到150万年前的遗址。研究人员分析了这些工具的使用磨损模式，发现一些薄片的边缘有损伤，表明它们曾被用来切割。)”可推断，作者提到奥尔德万遗址是为了提供具体的证据来说明古代石器用于切割任务。故选B。
23、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Despite the findings, to reveal the mechanism for the emergence of flake technology, researchers still need to learn how hominins made the leap from accidentally producing sharp flakes to picking them up and using them. Luncz and Proffitt hope to find the missing link in further studies. (尽管有了这些发现，为了揭示薄片技术出现的机制，研究人员仍然需要了解人类是如何从偶然产生尖锐的薄片到捡起并使用它们的。Luncz和Proffitt希望在进一步的研究中找到缺失的环节。)”可知，为了揭示薄片技术背后的机制，研究者们仍然需要了解古人类是如何从意外产生锋利的薄片，到捡起并使用它们的。伦茨和普罗菲特希望在接下来的研究中可以找到缺失的这一环（即原始人是如何开始使用薄片的），故选C。
24、答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本篇是一篇科研报告类文章，第一段的“In a new study published on Friday in Science Advances, Lydia Luncz and Tomos Proffitt, both at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, argue that mistakenly created flakes (薄片) may have been our ancient ancestors’ or other now-extinct early human relatives“ first step toward creating the sharp-edged tools that they used to butcher animals and cut edible plants.( 在周五发表在《科学进展》上的一项新研究中，德国莱比锡马克斯普朗克进化人类学研究所的Lydia Luncz和Tomos Proffitt认为，错误地制造出的薄片可能是我们的古代祖先或其他现已灭绝的早期人类亲戚制造出锋利的工具的第一步，他们用来屠宰动物和切割可食用的植物。)”点明了新研究的结果，后文详细描述了研究过程和局限性及等未来研究前景，因此推断A项“薄片技术：从猕猴到人类。”为最佳标题。故选A项。
25、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。由第一段“For 85 years, the Harvard Study of Adult Development has tracked an original group of 724 men and more than 1,300 of their male and female descendants (后代) over three generations, asking thousands of questions and taking hundreds of measurements to find out what really keeps people healthy and happy.(85年来，哈佛大学成人发展研究追踪了一个由724名男性及其1300多名男性和女性后代组成的原始群体，历时三代，提出了数千个问题，并进行了数百次测量，以找出真正让人们保持健康和快乐的因素。)”可知，哈佛大学成人发展研究的目的是揭示健康和幸福的秘密。故选 B。
26、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。由第三段“In 2008,researchers telephoned the wives and husbands of Harvard Study couples in their 80s every night for eight nights. Researchers spoke to each partner separately and asked them a series of questions about their days.(2008年，研究人员连续八晚每晚给哈佛大学研究中80多岁夫妇的妻子和丈夫打电话。研究人员分别与每对伴侣交谈，并问了他们一系列关于日常生活的问题)”可知，研究者通过追踪特定群体来实施研究。故选 B。
27、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。由第二段“Through all the years of studying these lives, one crucial factor stands out for the consistency and power of its bond to physical health, mental health and longevity: good relationships.(通过多年来对这些生活的研究，有一个关键因素突出了它与身体健康、心理健康和寿命之间的一致性和力量：良好的人际关系。)”；第三自然段提及研究及研究对象“couples in their 80s(80多岁的夫妇)”、研究过程及研究方法，第四段讲研究过程中的发现。第四段“But researchers found that the people who were in more satisfying relationships were cushioned (缓冲) somewhat from these ups and downs of mood—their happiness did not decline as much on the days when they had more pain. Simply put, their happy marriages seemed to have a protective effect.(但研究人员发现，那些处于更令人满意的关系中的人在一定程度上缓解了情绪的起伏—他们的幸福感在经历更多痛苦的日子里并没有下降那么多。简单地说，他们幸福的婚姻似乎起到了保护作用。)”可知通过具体的例子，使读者可以更加直观地理解这个研究结果，并且更容易接受这个结论的可信度。即为了支持令人满意的关系对人们生活的积极影响。故选D。
28、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。由第五段“... although most of us found that our experience of relationships might be hard, and at times, impossible, it is essential to our well-being(虽然我们大多数人发现我们的人际关系经历可能很难，有时甚至是不可能的，但它对我们的幸福至关重要)”可知，Elizabeth Gillespie 认为 experience of relationships(关系体验)即拥有好的社交关系对幸福至关重要。故此选 A。
29、答案：①to lead②be offered③actively④adding⑤Besides⑥an⑦gifted⑧competitions⑨whom⑩has stepped
解析：这是一篇新闻报道。文章指出，教育部已在全国范围内指名24,126所中小学为足球特色学校，我国发展青少年足球事业的力度正在逐步加强。
①考查非谓语动词。句意：根据教育部统计，中国已经在全国范围内给予24126所中小学足球特色学校称号，以引导青少年足球的发展。分析句子可知，句中谓语动词是has named，lead是非谓语动词，这里用不定式作目的状语，符合句意。故填to lead。
②考查虚拟语气。句意：在这些学校里按要求每周至少一节足球课，这样就可以鼓励学生积极参与足球训练和比赛。分析句子可知，此处It是形式主语，真正的主语是that后的从句，在表示“要求”的require一词后，名词性从句中谓语要用虚拟语气，表达为“should+动词原形”， should可以省略，而从句中主语football class与动词offer之间是被动关系，要用被动语态（be done）。故填be offered。
③考查副词。句意：在这些学校里按要求每周至少一节足球课，这样就可以鼓励学生积极参与足球训练和比赛。修饰动词participate，要用active的副词形式。故填actively。
④考查非谓语动词。句意：教育部官员Wang Dengfeng补充道，为了实现这一目标，教育部将采取多种措施，其中包括建造校内足球场地、训练足球教练以及提供额外的资金和政策扶持。分析句子可知，句中said是谓语动词，非谓语动词add，与主语Wang Dengfeng之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，作伴随状语。故填adding。
⑤考查介词。句意：除了校内的这些措施，还会建立47个足球训练营，致力于在年轻人中推广这一运动。从后句的“also”及句意可知，此处前后句间是递进关系，应用介词besides表示“除了……(还有)” 和名词短语those measures构成介词短语，符合句意。故填Besides。
⑥考查冠词。句意：除了在学校采取这些措施外，还建立了47个足球训练营，努力在青年人中推广这项运动。effort是可数名词，此处是泛指概念，因以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an限定，in an effort“努力”是固定短语。故填an。
⑦考查形容词。句意：而优秀的或有天赋的选手也将有机会参加校际队伍进入地区比赛甚至国家夏令营。分析句意可知，空格与or连接的outstanding并列，要用与其含义相近的形容词gifted “有天赋的”作定语修饰名词players。故填gifted。
⑧考查名词复数。句意：句意：而优秀的或有天赋的选手也将有机会参加校际队伍进入地区比赛甚至国家夏令营。根据空格前的介词for以及形容词 regional可知，此处应用可数名词competition作介词宾语，可数名词零冠词复数形式表泛指，故用其复数形式。故填competitions。
⑨考查定语从句。句意：在过去四年里，各地教育部门已经培养了约40000名足球老师，其中8000名已获得教练资格。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，关系代词whom指代先行词football teachers(指人)，并在从句中作介词of的宾语。故填whom。
⑩考查动词时态。句意：此外，中国自成立教育、体育、财政等部门和中国足协等七部门联合工作组以来，加大了在学校推广足球的力度。根据时间状语从句since it set up a seven-department joint task force可知，谓语动词应用现在完成时（have/has done），主语 the country是第三人称单数，主谓一致。故填has stepped。
30、答案：①when②as③rose④and⑤To fight⑥strength⑦fans⑧further⑨quitting⑩thoroughly
解析：①考查定语从句。句意为:2022年的夏天必定会烙印在重庆人民的记忆里,这个夏天,我们经受了巨大的考验,一起适应,一起克服艰难险阻。分析句子结构可知,此处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为a summer,关系词在从句中作时间状语,应用when引导。故填when。
②考查介词。句意为:重庆素有中国“火炉城市”之一的称号,在夏天日间气温高达45℃。be known as意为“作为……而出名”,为固定短语。故填as。
③考查动词的时态。句意为:我看到的是,当事情变得困难时,重庆成功应对了挑战。根据语境以及前面的saw可知,此处表示的动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。故填rose。
④考查连词。句意为:(人们)毫无怨言,该市开始节电,减少了购物中心的营业时间,以保证居民、医院和学校的关键电力的供给。由语境可知,此处residents, hospitals和schools为并列关系。故填and。
⑤考查非谓语动词。句意为:为了救火,专业人员和志愿者挺身而出,倾尽全力。本句已有谓语came forward和gave,此处应用非谓语形式,作目的状语,应用不定式。故填To fight。
⑥考查词性转换。句意见上一题解析。此处作gave的宾语,应用名词形式。故填strength。
⑦考查名词单复数。句意为:当重庆人民团结起来,防止更多的灾难(发生)时,摩托车爱好者们骑车穿过浓烟和烈火,在偏远的道路上运送必要的消防物资。此处fan为可数名词,表示“狂热爱好者,迷”,根据语境可知,此处表示不止一位摩托车爱好者,应用复数形式。故填fans。
⑧考查形容词的比较等级。句意见上一题解析。此处作定语,修饰名词disaster,表示“更多的”,应用further。故填 further。
⑨考查非谓语动词。句意为:我们只有放弃,才会输了这场战斗。分析句子结构可知,此处作介词by的宾语,应用动名词形式。故填quitting。
⑩考查词性转换。句意为:军队来帮忙救火,把火彻底扑灭了。此处修饰动词短语put out,应用副词作状语。故填thoroughly。
英语
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、七选五
1、 I have a drawer fall of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write. up their Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示) on where to buy their presents. ①_____
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something; other times t may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. ②_____ And when writing doesn't seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. ③_____ You write “Dear Santa” because you don't know him personally and you want to show him respect.
④_____ Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal language most of the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done. ⑤_____ This type of writing won't be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience.
A. It isn't that these young people can't write.
B. But it is always purposeful—or at least it should be.
C. The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E. You write "Hi Nanna and Pop" because you are close to them.
F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G. But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
2、If you are planning to organize a summer camp, you need to have a good plan of action. Children look forward to attending summer camps. They want to learn new things, and make new friends. So, your summer camp planning decides whether the kids are going to enjoy it or not. ①________
Summer Camp Themes
When you plan a summer Camp, you ought to have a theme. For example, you can have a swimming summer camp. ②_________ An art camp would have a theme like “paint the world”, and so on.
Summer Camp Games
If the summer camp is going to be an overnight program, then you have to prepare all kinds of activities for kids. ③_________ Games act as one of the best and simple relaxing skills for kids. They also help kids get along with each other and develop the ability to work in a team.
Adventure Sports
The most interesting part of a summer camp is adventure sports! Plan for sports like rock-climbing, river-crossing, etc. ④_________ However, words giving kids encouragement are always welcome.
A Special Day
⑤_________ You can have a party or something like that. You can also have a cultural day or a talent day when the children get to exhibit their culture or tradition they belong to, and at the same time, get to know about other cultures, too.
Just head on and carry out all the above things. Make it the most fun and interesting camp ever, so that you have them coming back to you each time you plan for a summer camp in the future!
A. So plan interesting and fun games.
B. Your summer camp program can have a special day.
C. Here the kids interested in swimming would join your camp.
D. A kid could feel bad if he / she is not doing well at the camp.
E. Kids on the summer camp need to be on their own sometimes.
F. This article will help you make the camp more interesting and fun.
G. Make sure you do not force a kid to take part in an activity he / she is scared of.
3、 Surprise is the error signal our brains produce when something unexpected happens. It is a dopamine (多巴胺)trigger, producing the neurotransmitter(神经递质)that drives attention and motivation. ①_____ It makes us stop, notice, and learn.
In his book The Power of Surprise, Rousell presents his findings from decades of his research: ②_____ They form our self-concept.
③_____ Samantha felt her shyness was a weakness, until her swim coach surprised her by naming her captain. He said, "She may be quiet, but when this girl says something, you're going to want to listen." The surprise left her feeling quietly powerful. The change in her beliefs and behaviors was instant and lasting.
Not all surprising moments are created equal. Rousell illustrates some research-backed steps to use surprise well.
Spot self-criticism you'd like to help someone revise. For example, perhaps your student sees himself as a slow learner, or your employee believes he lacks creativity. ④_____ Maybe the student who thinks he learns slowly is also very thorough. The employee who thinks he lacks creativity is highly logical. Make your message quick and to the point. The more you delay on the topic or dress it up as flowery praise, the less surprising it will be. ⑤_____
A. Point out his weakness.
B. It was essential adaptation for humans.
C. Identify the opposite side of the same coin.
D. Also, it will make less difference to one's mind.
E. Here is an example the author shares in his book.
F. Po put it simply, surprise is a big deal to our brains.
G. Surprise brings the experiences shaping who we believe we are.
4、As the weekend comes to an end, many of us are missing out on Sunday Funday and instead experiencing a sense of anxiety and even dread (恐惧) about the upcoming week. ①________ Here’s how you can ease your end-of-weekend anxiety.
Structure your Sunday.
Structure can be a best friend when feeling the Sunday scaries. Instead of sitting on the couch and watching the clock aimlessly, do something that you enjoy. You might still get that sense of dread, but that feeling is harder to hold on to when you have a cheerful schedule. ②________ It’s important to make space for relaxing activities.
Identify your anxiety sources.
Anxiety is a normal human experience. ③_______ Create multiple to-do lists: one list for tasks that need to be completed immediately, another for tasks that are less urgent, and a final list for tasks that you’d like to complete at some point. Seeing these can help put into perspective what’s important and what you can let go of for now. This can help decrease the anticipation of the stress and dread of the week.
Create some excitement for the week ahead.
Having something to look forward to gives you something to think about that’s pleasing, rather than only focusing on the dread you feel. It’s a form of reframing your thoughts. Do not focus on the awful things. ④________ This gives you the opportunity to shift your thoughts to something fun and will help improve your mood.
⑤________
Make Sunday nights about doing something for yourself. In this way, you are able to give yourself proper relaxing time. It could be planning some favorite foods to enjoy while watching football. Do your best to honor this time and make Sunday night all about you—leave the work emails for Monday morning.
A. Check the emails on Sunday nights.
B. End your Sunday with the right energy.
C. Besides, try not to stuff your weekend with too many odds and ends.
D. Instead, build excitement over a coffee or lunch date with a friend.
E. Although the Sunday scaries are common, they are still manageable.
F. One way to manage it is to find what really causes you to dread the week.
G. It can be whatever feels like a helpful distraction to flee from the anxiety.
二、书面表达
5、6月6日是全国爱眼日。在爱眼日来临之际, 你校英文报以“爱护眼睛”为主题开展征文活动,请根据以下提示写一篇短文。要点提示:
1. 用眼的不良习惯和问题;
2. 保护眼睛的措施和建议。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:myopia近视
How to Protect Our Eyes
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6、 假定你是李华,打算应聘你校学生英语报Youth的Growing Up Stories栏目的编辑,请用英语写一封应聘信,内容包括:
1.对栏目的理解;
2.个人优势。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Chief Editor,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
7、假定你是李华，你班与英国的姊妹学校某班级在线共上了一堂“经典诗歌鉴赏(Appreciation of Classic Poetry)”的交流课。请你在线上留言板上写一则评论，内容包括：
1.交流课的特点；
2.观看感受；
3.意见建议。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The online class was absolutely wonderful.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
三、语法填空
8、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Does Takeaway Exist in Ancient China
As early as in the Song Dynasty, “takeout” services were already available. In Zhang Zeduan’s popular painting Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival, there is a restaurant boy who has just come out of the shop with “to-go boxes” in his left hand and tableware (餐具) in his right, still ①______(wear) the shop apron and seeming to deliver the food somewhere. That image ②______ (believe) to be a reflection of the original takeaway boy.
In ancient times, there were three ways to order food. The first is servant order. Send a family retainer( 仆人) to go to a restaurant and make ③______ order. When the food is ready, there is someone who ④______ (particular) delivers the food to the customer’s home, and then gets paid. The second is agreed delivery. Sign a long-term ⑤______ (agree) with the restaurant. The store, ⑥______ every agreed day, will pack the food well and send it to the customer’s home. The last one is door-to-door selling. The sellers from restaurants sell the food door to door, especially in the entertainment places like theatres, ⑦______ are crowded with many people.
The to-go box, wenpan (warm tray), ⑧______ (consist) of two layers of porcelain. When ⑨______ (use), hot water is injected into the interlayer of the plate ⑩______ (keep) the dishes warm. In this way, the dish is still warm when it arrives at the customer’s home.
四、阅读理解
Researchers have developed a device that turns sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and formic acid(甲酸)—a stable fuel that can either be used directly or be changed into hydrogen, without requiring any additional components or electricity. The device, developed by a team from the University of Cambridge, is a significant step toward achieving artificial photosynthesis(光合作用).
Harvesting solar energy to turn carbon dioxide into fuels is a promising way to reduce carbon emissions. However, it is challenging to produce these clean fuels without unwanted by-products. "In addition, the storage of gaseous fuels can he complicated—we want to get to the point where we can cleanly produce a liquid fuel that can also be easily stored and transported," said Professor Reisner, senior author of the study.
In 2019, researchers from Reisner's group developed a solar reactor based on an "artificial leaf" design, which also uses sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to produce a fuel, known as syn-gas. The new technology is quite similar to the artificial leaf but works in a different way and produces formic acid, which can be chemically converted into different types of fuel.
The artificial leaf used components from solar cells, while the new device doesn't require these components and relies entirely on photocatalysts(光催化剂) placed on a sheet. The sheets are made up of semiconductor powders, which can be prepared in large quantities easily and cost-effectively. In addition, this new technology produces clean fuels that are easier to store.
"We were surprised how well it worked-it produced almost no by-products," said Reisner. "Sometimes things don't work as well as you expected, but this was a rare case where it actually worked better."
The researchers are now working to further improve efficiency. Additionally, they are exploring other catalysts to get different solar fuels. "We hope this technology will pave the way toward sustainable and practical solar fuel production," said Reisner.
9、What was a problem with artificial photosynthesis
A. It consumes too much electricity.
B. It produces too many by-products.
C. The energy it produces is not easy to store.
D. The energy it produces cannot be used directly.
10、What advantage does the new device have over the artificial leaf
A. It is more environmentally friendly.
B. It is lighter and easier to carry.
C. It is more economical and efficient.
D. It uses less energy-demanding solar cells.
11、What do the researchers focus on doing now
A.Trying out new catalysts. B. Making full use of by-products.
C. Exploring other sustainable fuels. D. Mass-producing their new device.
12、What can be the best title for the text
A. The Prospect of Artificial Photosynthesis
B. A New Device for Artificial Photosynthesis
C. The Opportunities and Challenges of Photocatalysts
D. The Artificial Leaf: Great Progress on Making Clean Energy
It is a windy day. Glenn Gould has got a coffee cup sitting on the piano top and is working on a music written by Bach. As he plays, he gets so totally lost in the music that suddenly, he stands up, and walks in what looks like a dream to the window.
There's a total silence. Then the Bach flows out of him. He's still playing, but in his head. Then he turns, wanders back, sits down on a low chair in front of the piano and picks up right where his voice left off, but now with new energy.
Gould, the greatest interpreter of Bach, is a strange man. He doesn't like to practise. Instead, he'll prepare for concerts mentally, running the piece over and over and playing with imaginary fingers.
Gould, for some reasons, reminds me of Michael Jordan playing basketball or Etta James singing the blues: There's a concentration that's so deep that it feels special, like a kind of “flow”.
“When you are in it, you lose track of everything except what you're doing,” writes neuroscientist Daniel Levitin. “There was a surgeon, who wasn't aware that the roof of his operating room had collapsed until he was done with the surgery. In this state, what you think becomes what you do. You get blissfully lost in an activity, forgetting time, yourselves and your problems.”
How does one get there That's still a mystery. Practice is important. Strong will matters. Talent helps. When you find your “flow”, your brain changes. Sex, hunger and thirst matter less. You are chemically released and can now wander far and wide. Yes, you have no idea where you are or how this is happening. But once you you’re your “flow”, it’s one of the most wonderful experiences ever.
When I watch Glenn Gould walking back to his piano, I see a man living in heaven, if there is one.
13、How does Glenn Gould usually prepare for concerts
A. By drinking coffee to get more energy.
B. By running the pieces in his head first.
C. By practicing over and over on the piano.
D. By doing exercise in his sweet dreams.
14、Which of the following best describes being in the state of “flow”
A. Encouraged. B. Worried. C. Absorbed. D. Absent-minded.
15、What does the underlined word “blissfully” in paragraph 5 mean
A. Happily. B. Occasionally. C. Unnecessarily. D. Hardly.
16、What is less likely to help us find our “flow”
A. Practice. B. Will. C. Talent. D. Desire.
Cultivated meat, also known as lab-grown meat, has been cleared for sale in the US.Actually，Lab-grown meat is made by feeding a mix of nutrients to animal cells in steel tanks in labs. The idea is to create an alternative to agriculturally raised meat. And unlike other meat substitutes which are made from plant proteins and other ingredients, lab-grown meat is real meat.
Upside Foods and Good Meat, two companies that make “cultivated chicken”, said that they have gotten approval from the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) to start producing their cell-based proteins. Good Meat said that production is starting immediately. Cultivated meat is grown in a giant vat (缸), much like what you’d find at a beer factory.
Last week both companies revealed that the USDA approved labels for their products. In March, Good Meat received a “no questions” letter from the FDA, confirming the product’s safety for sale in the US. Upside Foods also received one in November. Both the USDA and the FDA are overseeing the growing cultivated meat market. CEO of Good Meat, Josh Tetrick, described the approval as a major milestone for the company, the industry, and the food system. Upside founder Uma Valeti called the approval “a giant step forward towards a more sustainable future”.
Good Meat, which has been selling its products in Singapore, advertises its product as “meat without slaughter (屠宰)”, a more humane approach to eating meat. Supporters hope that cultivated meat will help fight climate change by reducing the need for traditional animal agriculture, which emits greenhouse gases. The company previously announced a partnership with chef José Andrés to introduce the product to a Washington DC restaurant, although the launch time remains uncertain. As production increases, Good Meat may explore cooperation with other restaurants or supermarkets.
Upside is planning to introduce its product at Bar Crenn, a San Francisco restaurant, but did not share a launch date yet. Selling at Bar Crenn should help Upside learn more about how chefs and diners feel about the product. Eventually, the company plans to work with other restaurants and make its products available in supermarkets. For now, it is holding a contest to allow curious customers to be among the first to try the product.
17、What do Upside Foods and Good Meat have in common
A.Both have partnerships with international chefs.
B.Both are involved in producing lab-grown meat.
C.Both declared a launch date of their cultivated meat.
D.Both received FDA approval for worldwide distribution.
18、What is the potential benefit of cultivated meat
A.Higher safety for eating.
B.Lower costs for restaurants.
C.Improvements in traditional animal agriculture.
D.Positive impacts on climate change.
19、What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A.Diners have access to free products from Upside.
B.Curious customers will become the main force of buying.
C.Upside will evaluate the responses of chefs and diners to its product.
D.Upside will conduct a survey among diners about their paying ability.
20、What is the text mainly about
A.The benefits of cultivated meat.
B.The research on cultivated meat.
C.The history and processing of cultivated meat.
D.The approval and prospect of cultivated meat.
Consider the possibility that all human technology started with a mistake — or at least a lack of hand-eye coordination. In a new study published on Friday in Science Advances, Lydia Luncz and Tomos Proffitt, both at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, argue that mistakenly created flakes (薄片) may have been our ancient ancestors’ or other now-extinct early human relatives “first step toward creating the sharp-edged tools that they used to butcher animals and cut edible plants.
To do their research, Luncz and Proffitt traveled to an abandoned oil palm plantation near Thailand’s Phang Nga Bay and collected more than 1, 100 pieces of nut-cracking stones used by a troop of long-tailed macaques (猕猴). Macaques crack open oil palm nuts by placing them on a flat stone and striking their shell with another stone. These monkeys often miss the nut and accidentally break the stones, producing sharp flakes. Luncz and Proffitt analyzed these stones, which revealed a surprising fact: The flakes that the macaques unintentionally produced looked a lot like the oldest stone tools that were intentionally made by hominins (古人类).
Macaques don’t use the sharp flakes they create for anything, Luncz adds, noting that the monkeys have sharp teeth and don’t need cutting tools. The similar ancient stone tools collected from some of the earliest known sites, however, show evidence of being used for cutting tasks. For example, in Oldowan, a site dating between 3.3 million and 1.5 million years ago, researchers analyzed use-wear patterns on the tools and found that some of the flakes showed damage along their edges, indicating that they had been used for cutting. Cut marks on some fossils revealed that hominins had used stone tools for butchering the animals, making it clear that the sharp stone tools were anything but unintentional by-products of other pounding activities.
Despite the findings, to reveal the mechanism for the emergence of flake technology, researchers still need to learn how hominins made the leap from accidentally producing sharp flakes to picking them up and using them. Luncz and Proffitt hope to find the missing link in further studies.
21、What can we learn from paragraph 2
A.The flakes produced by macaques were similar to hominins’ stone tools.
B.Long-tailed macaques used the flakes to crack open oil palm nuts.
C.Macaques deliberately produced flakes for cutting by breaking stones.
D.The two researchers went to Thailand and collected 1, 100 flakes.
22、Why does the author mention the Oldowan site in paragraph 3
A. To clarify a complex concept. B. To provide specific proof.
C.To present an interesting fact. D. To make a detailed comparison.
23、What will Luncz and Proffitt probably focus on in their future study
A. Why macaques create flakes. B. Why hominins used stone tools.
C. How hominins began using flakes. D. How macaques cut food with flakes.
24、What is the best title of the passage
A.Flake technology: from macaques to hominins.
B.A mistake: the origin of human technology.
C.Pounding activities: on human evolutionary course.
D.A missing link: long-tailed macaques create flakes.
For 85 years, the Harvard Study of Adult Development has tracked an original group of 724 men and more than 1,300 of their male and female descendants (后代) over three generations, asking thousands of questions and taking hundreds of measurements to find out what really keeps people healthy and happy.
Through all the years of studying these lives, one crucial factor stands out for the consistency and power of its bond to physical health, mental health and longevity: good relationships.
In 2008, researchers telephoned the wives and husbands of Harvard Study couples in their 80s every night for eight nights. Researchers spoke to each partner separately and asked them a series of questions about their days.
On days when these men and women spent more time in the company of others, they were happier. Like most older people, those in the Harvard Study experienced day-to-day rises and falls in their levels of physical pain and health difficulties. But researchers found that the people who were in more satisfying relationships were cushioned (缓冲) somewhat from these ups and downs of mood—their happiness did not decline as much on the days when they had more pain. Simply put, their happy marriages seemed to have a protective effect.
Elizabeth Gillespie, a therapist of couples, stated that although most of us found that our experience of relationships might be hard, and at times, impossible, it is essential to our well-being.
Today we live in much more complicated environments, so meeting our social needs presents different challenges. We might be sitting on a gold mine of vitality that we are not paying attention to, because it is hidden by the shiny appeal of smartphones or pushed to the side by work demands.
25、What’s the purpose of the Harvard Study of Adult Development
A. To study their lives over three generations.
B. To reveal the secret to health and well-being.
C. To track the descendants of an original group.
D. To study the relationship between health and happiness.
26、How did the researchers carry out the study
A. By working with other researchers.
B. By tracking specific groups of people.
C. By helping participants with social difficulties.
D. By comparing the results from different people.
27、Why did the author mention the examples in Paragraph 4
A. To provide evidence for the bond of health and longevity.
B. To introduce the concept of physical pain and health difficulties.
C. To show the negative impact of unhappy marriages on older people’s mood.
D. To support the positive impact of satisfying relationships on people’s lives.
28、According to Elizabeth Gillespie, what is essential to our well-being
A. Having good social connections.
B. Declining pains and difficulties.
C. Overcoming ups and downs of mood.
D. Experiencing rises and falls of physical health.
五、短文填空
29、China has named 24, 126 primary and middle schools across the country specialist football schools ①_______(lead) youth football development, according to the Ministry of Education (MOE). It’s required that at least one football class ②_______ (offer) each week in these schools so that they can encourage their students to ③_______ (active) participate in football training and matches.
“China aims to have 50, 000 schools specializing in youth football by the end of 2025,” said Wang Dengfeng, an official with the MOE, ④_______ (add) that to realize this goal, the ministry will take various measures that include building school football fields, training football coaches and providing extra funding and policy support. ⑤_______ those measures in schools, 47 football training camps have also been built in ⑥_______ effort to promote the sport among young people. And outstanding or ⑦_______ (gift) players will also have the chance to join inter-school teams for regional ⑧_______ (compete) and even national summer camps.
In the past four years, local education departments have trained about 40,000 football teachers, 8,000 of ⑨_______ have obtained coaching certificates. Moreover, the country ⑩_______ (step) up its efforts in promoting football in schools since it set up a seven-department joint task force, including the education, sport and finance authorities as well as the Chinese Football Association.
30、 The summer of 2022 is certain to be burnt into the memories of the Chongqing people, a summer ①_____ we were tested beyond measure and came together to adapt and overcome hardships. Long known ②_____ one of the "stoves" of China, Chongqing experienced the temperature up to 45℃ by day in summer. This brought about many problems, including dried-up rivers, lack of power, drought, and forest fires in 9 districts. The situation was difficult and complex. But the people became stronger than ever.
What I saw was that when things got hard, Chongqing ③_____(rise) to the challenge. Without complaint, the city began to save electricity, reducing the opening hours of shopping malls to secure the critical power supply to residents, hospitals ④_____ schools. ⑤_____ (fight) the fires, professionals and volunteers came forward and gave all their ⑥_____(strong). Firefighters and thousands of volunteers worked day and night to prevent the flames destroying several mountainous districts in Chongqing. Motoreycle ⑦_____(fan) rode through thick smoke and fierce fire to deliver essential fire-fighting supplies on remote roads as the people of Chongqing united to prevent ⑧_____(far) disaster.
Exhausted, sweaty, and tired, but we did not give up. We would lose the fight only by ⑨_____(quit).The army came to help fight the fire, and ⑩_____(thorough) put out the fire.
参考答案
1、答案：DBEFG
解析：①细节理解题。根据上文As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示) on where to buy their presents.(随着孩子们逐渐长大,他们会给圣诞老人一些提示,告诉他去哪里买礼物。)可知,孩子们给圣诞老人提示去哪买礼物。因此D项As a result, each year they received something they wanted.(结果,他们每年都会收到他们想要的东西。)为孩子们提示的结果:收到心仪的礼物。前后为明显的因果关系。故选D。
②推理判断题。根据上文Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something; other times may be to entertain, inform, or persuade.(有时我们的目的是获得东西,有时可能是为了娱乐、告知或说服。)可知,我们写作都是带着目的的。因此B项But it is always purposeful—or at least it should be.(但它总是有目的的—或者至少应该是这样。)可知,前后语意一致,说明写作是带有目的的。故选B。
③语境衔接题。根据空前的When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly.(当孩子们为真正的读者和真正的目的写作时,他们就能学会相应地选择用词。)以及空后的You write "Dear Santa" because you don't know him personally and you want to show him respect.(你写"亲爱的圣诞老人"是因为你不认识他,你想表达对他的尊重。)可知,空后句和空前句之间是“理论—实践”的关系,由此可推知,空处也应为具体的实践。因此E项You write "Hi Nanna and Pop" because you are close to them.(你写"嗨,奶奶和爸爸",因为你和他们很亲近。)符合语境,而且和空后结构一致。故选E。
④联系下文题。根据下文Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing videogames all mean that they are constantly producing written messages.(在玩电子游戏时发短信、在线消息、实时聊天都意味着他们在不断地产生书面信息。)可知,科技的发展让人们的写作变得更普遍。因此F项As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.(随着科技的发展,年轻人写的东西比以前更多了。)符合语境。故选F。
⑤语境衔接题。根据空前的There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done.(这种写作方式并没有错。它迎合了观众和目的,完成了任务。)可知,作者在评价这种科技影响下的写作方式。因此G项But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.(但如果这是年轻人唯一的写作方式,那就会造成问题。)从正反两方面评价科技带来的写作,符合语境,故选G。
2、答案：①-⑤ FCAGB
解析：①下文介绍了如何把夏令营的各个项目办好，故根据文章结构可知，空处应为一个承上启下的总括句，故F项能够起到承上启下的作用。
②C项中的“The kids interested in swimming”与上句中的“you can have a swimming summer camp”相呼应，故选C。
③空前提及“为孩子们准备各种活动”，以及空后对游戏作用的描述可知，空处所填内容应该能起到承上启下的作用，且和游戏内容相关，故选A。
④根据However可知,空处与下句“However, words giving kids encouragement are always welcome.”构成转折,故G项符合题意。
⑤B项中的“a special day”与本段主题“A Special Day”相呼应，故选B。
3、答案：FGECD
解析：①根据空前内容可知,空前讲述了惊讶的基本信息。空后讲了惊讶对我们的作用。由此可知,空处应承上启下,介绍惊讶与我们有关的基本信息,故F项符合语境。
②根据空前的"In his book...of his research"可知,在他的书中, Rousell介绍了他几十年来的研究发现。由此可知,空处应说明研究发现具体是什么,G选项"惊讶带来的体验塑造了我们所认为的自己"承接上文,且空后的They指代G项中的experiences,故G项符合语境。
③本空为该段主旨句。根据空后内容可知,Samantha觉得害羞是她的弱点,直到她的游泳教练任命她为队长,这让她大吃一惊。教练的话让她觉得自己很强大。她的信念和行为发生了立刻而持久的变化。由此可知,这是列举的一个具体例子,故E项"下面是作者在他的书中分享的一个例子“符合语境。
④根据空前内容可知,学生也许认为自己学习很慢,员工也许认为自己缺乏创造力。根据空后内容可知,认为自己学得慢的学生也是很仔细周到的;认为自己缺乏创造力的员工是很有逻辑的。由此可知,我们要看到一件事情的另一面,C项承上启下,符合语境。
⑤根据空前的"The more you…less surprising it will be"可知, 你在这个话题上越拖延, 或者把它装扮成华丽的赞美, 它就越不令人惊讶。故D项"而且,它对一个人的思想影响较小"符合语境。
4、答案：ECFDB
解析：①空前“As the weekend comes to an end, many of us are missing out on Sunday Funday and instead experiencing a sense of anxiety and even dread (恐惧) about the upcoming week.(随着周末的结束，我们中的许多人错过了周日的欢乐日，而对即将到来的一周感到焦虑甚至恐惧。)”说明了我们很多人会有周末焦虑，空后“Here’s how you can ease your end-of-weekend anxiety.(以下是缓解周末焦虑的方法。)”说明周末焦虑是可以缓解的，因此空格处应该说周末焦虑是可以被控制或解决的，E选项“Although the Sunday scaries are common, they are still manageable.(尽管周日恐慌很常见，但它们仍然是可控的。)”说明周日焦虑是可以控制的，承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
②空后“It’s important to make space for relaxing activities.(为令人放松的活动腾出空间是很重要的。)”说明要为一些令人放松的活动腾出空间，因此空格处应该是说不要把周末填得太满，C选项“Besides, try not to stuff your weekend with too many odds and ends.(此外，尽量不要让你的周末塞满太多零碎的东西。)”说明了不要把周末都填满了，引起下文，符合语境，故选C。
③本段小标题是“Identify your anxiety sources.(确定焦虑的来源。)”，空前“Anxiety is a normal human experience.(焦虑是一种正常的人类体验。)”说明焦虑是很正常的，空格处应该说要找到你周末焦虑的原因，F选项“One way to manage it is to find what really causes you to dread the week.(处理它的一个方法是找出真正让你害怕这一周的原因。)”说明了要找到周末焦虑的原因，承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
④空前“Do not focus on the awful things.(不要专注于糟糕的事情。)”说明不要专注于糟糕的事情，空格处应该说正确的做法是什么，D选项“Instead, build excitement over a coffee or lunch date with a friend.(相反，和朋友一起喝杯咖啡或吃顿午餐让你兴奋起来。)”说明了正确的做法是和朋友去喝咖啡放松一下，承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
⑤空格处是本段小标题，由空后的“Make Sunday nights about doing something for yourself. In this way, you are able to give yourself proper relaxing time. It could be planning some favorite foods to enjoy while watching football. Do your best to honor this time and make Sunday night all about you—leave the work emails for Monday morning.(周日晚上为自己做点事情。这样，你就能给自己适当的放松时间。它可以是计划一些最喜欢的食物，一边看足球一边享用。尽你所能珍惜这段时间，让周日晚上完全属于你—把工作邮件留到周一早上。)”说明了周日的晚上应该为自己做一些令人放松的事情，B选项“End your Sunday with the right energy.(带着正确的能量结束你的周日。)”说明了在周日晚上应该做一些对的事情，可作为本段小标题，故选B。
5、答案：
How to Protect Our Eyes
Eyes are the window of our mind. Without eyes, nothing is left but darkness.
But nowadays, the number of students who suffer from myopia increases sharply. We can see more and more students around us wear glasses and the glasses on the nose are getting thicker and thicker. It not only has a strong impact on our study, but also makes our daily life inconvenient.
How to protect our eyes It's not right to keep our eyes working for a long time. We should not read in strong or poor light. Remember to do eye exercises every day. What's more, a balanced diet is necessary.
解析：
6、答案：
Dear Chief Editor,
Hearing that some editors are needed for the student English newspaper—Youth , I'm writing to apply for the post sincerely.
I'm Li Hua, a senior student. In my opinion, the column of Growing Up Stories of the newspaper is mainly about our growing experiences, including both our happiness and sadness. We can share our unforgettable or meaningful moments in it.
Fluent in English writing, I am sure that I will be capable of doing well as an editor. Besides, I once worked as the chief editor of the English Newspaper of our class, which I believe will be helpful for the job.
I would appreciate it if my application could be taken into consideration. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
7、答案：
The online class was absolutely wonderful. Themed on the Appreciation of Classic Poetry, it unfolded the eternal charm of classic poetry to us. Online as it was, this class created a totally immersive atmosphere.
The highlight of the class was the short clip named “When Li Bai Meets William Wordsworth”. By comparing the differences and similarities of these two great romantic poets, the video gave us a new insight into their writing skills and the emotions hidden behind the lines. It also triggered our passion to explore more about the ever-lasting beauty of poems.
Honestly, it would be better if more interactive elements, such as mini-games or real-time comments, are included in this class. Generally speaking, it was truly fantastic.
8、答案：1. wearing2. is believed3. an4. particularly5. agreement6. on7. which8. consists9. used10. to keep
解析： ①考查现在分词。句意：在张泽端的流行画作《清明上河图》中，有一个餐馆服务员刚从店里出来，左手拿着"待售盒"，右手拿着餐具，仍然穿着围裙，似乎要把食物送到某个地方。本句为there be结构，设空及后面部分在句子中作方式或伴随状语，wear与其逻辑主语a restaurant boy之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式，故填wearing.
②考查被动语态。句意：这一形象被认为是最初的外卖小哥的反映。本句陈述一般性事实，That image是单数名词，与动词believe之间为被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is believed。
③考查冠词。句意：派一个家庭佣人去餐馆点餐。order这里指"点餐；订单"，是可数名词，且是以元音音素开头的单词，前面需加不定冠问an表泛指，故填an。
④考查副词。句意：当食物准备好后，会有人专门把食物送到顾客家里，然后拿到报酬。设空处修饰动词delivers，应用副词particularly作状语，表示"专门地"，故填particularly。
⑤考查名词。句意：与餐厅签订长期协议。设空前有a long-term修饰，应用单数名词agreement作sign的宾语，表示"协定；协议"，故填agreement。
⑥考查介词。句意：商店在约定的每一天都会把食物包装好，送到顾客家里。表示在具体的某一天应用介词on，故填on。
⑦考查定语从句。句意：餐馆的小贩挨家挨户地出售食物，尤其是在剧院等娱乐场所，那里挤满了很多人。设空处需要一个连接词引导非限制性定语从句，连接词指代先行词the entertainment places在句子中作主语，应用关系代词which引导，故填which。
⑧考查主谓一致。句意：待售盒，又称温盘，是由两层瓷器组成。本句陈述一般性事实应用一般现在时，主语The to-go box是单数名词，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，consist of"由……组成"，固定短语，不可用于被动语态，故填consists。
⑨考查过去分词。句意：使用时，热水被注入盘子的夹层以保持盘子的温度。when引导的时间状语从句中省略了主语及be动词，主语hot water-与use之间为被动语态，应用过去分词形式，故填used。
⑩考查动词不定式。句意：使用时，热水被注入盘子的夹层以保持盘子的温度。分析句子可知，此处表目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to keep。
9、答案：C
解析：根据第二段中的In addition, the storage of gaseous fuels can be complicated—we want to get to the point where we can cleanly produce a liquid fuel that can also be easily stored and transported 可知,人工光合作用的一个问题就是产生的气态燃料不易储存。
10、答案：C
解析：根据第四段中的The sheets are made up of semiconductor powders, which can be prepared in large quantities easily and cost-effectively.可知,与人造叶子相比,这种新设备更经济和高效。故选C项。
11、答案：A
解析：根据最后一段中的Additionally, they are exploring other catalysts to get different solar fuels.可知,研究人员现在专注于试验新的催化剂。故选A项。
12、答案：B
解析：通读全文,尤其是根据第一段中的Researchers have developed a device that turns sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and formic acid可知,文章主要介绍了研究人员发明的一种可用于人工光合作用的新设备。所以B项(一种新型的用于人工光合作用的装置)最适合作本文标题。故选B项。
13、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Instead, he’ll prepare for concerts mentally, running the piece over and over and playing with imaginary fingers.”可知,演出前, Glenn Gould喜欢在大脑里一遍又一遍地练习。
14、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。 根据第四段“There’s a concentration that’s so deep that it feels special, like a kind of ‘flow’. ”及第五段“‘When you are in it, you lose track of everything except what you’re doing,’”可推断,处于“flow”状态的人，一定是全神贯注的。
15、答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后“... forgetting time, yourselves and your problems.”及下文可推断，Happily 与 blissfully 是同义词
16、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Practice is important. Strong will matters. Talent helps. When you find your ‘flow’, your brain changes. Sex, hunger and thirst matter less.”可知答案。
17、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Upside Foods and Good Meat, two companies that make 'cultivated chicken', said that they have gotten approval from the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) to start producing their cell-based proteins.(两家生产‘养殖鸡’的公司Upside Foods和Good Meat表示，他们已获得美国农业部(USDA)的批准，开始生产基于细胞的蛋白质)”可知，Upside Foods和Good Meat两家公司都参与了实验室培育肉的生产。故选B项。
18、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Supporters hope that cultivated meat will help fight climate change by reducing the need for traditional animal agriculture, which emits greenhouse gases.(支持者希望人造肉能够减少对排放温室气体的传统畜牧业的需求，从而帮助应对气候变化)”可知，人造肉潜在的益处在于其能对气候变化产生积极影响。故选D项。
19、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Selling at Bar Crenn should help Upside learn more about how chefs and diners feel about the product. Eventually, the company plans to work with other restaurants and make its products available in supermarkets. (在Bar Crenn的销售应该会帮助Upside更多地了解厨师和食客对产品的看法。最终，该公司计划与其他餐厅合作，并在超市出售其产品）”可推知，Upside将评估厨师和食客对其产品的反应。故选C项。
20、答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Upside Foods and Good Meat, two companies that make 'cultivated chicken', said that they have gotten approval from the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) to start producing their cell-based proteins.(两家生产养殖 鸡'的公司Upside Foods和Good Meat表示，他们已获得美国农业部（USDA)的批准，开始生产基于细胞的 蛋白质）”及倒数第二段“As production increases, Good Meat may explore cooperation with other restaurants or supermarkets.(随着产量的增加，Good Meat可能会 探索与其他餐厅或超市的合作”以及最后一 段“Eventually, the company plans to work with other restaurants and make its products available in supermarkets.(最终，该公司计划与其他餐厅合作， 并在超市出售其产品)”并联合全文内容可知，本文介绍了人造肉被批准销售，并展望了其前景。故选 D项。
21、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“Luncz and Proffitt analyzed these stones, which revealed a surprising fact: The flakes that the macaques unintentionally produced looked a lot like the oldest stone tools that were intentionally made by hominins (古人类).(Luncz和Proffitt分析了这些石头，发现了一个令人惊讶的事实：猕猴无意中产生的薄片看起来很像人类故意制造的最古老的石器。)”可知，猕猴制作的薄片与人类的石器相似。故选A。
22、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“The similar ancient stone tools collected from some of the earliest known sites, however, show evidence of being used for cutting tasks. For example, in Oldowan, a site dating between 3. 3 million and 1. 5 million years ago, researchers analyzed use-wear patterns on the tools and found that some of the flakes showed damage along their edges, indicating that they had been used for cutting.(然而，从一些已知最早的遗址中收集到的类似的古代石器显示出用于切割任务的证据。例如，在奥尔德万，一个可以追溯到大约330万到150万年前的遗址。研究人员分析了这些工具的使用磨损模式，发现一些薄片的边缘有损伤，表明它们曾被用来切割。)”可推断，作者提到奥尔德万遗址是为了提供具体的证据来说明古代石器用于切割任务。故选B。
23、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Despite the findings, to reveal the mechanism for the emergence of flake technology, researchers still need to learn how hominins made the leap from accidentally producing sharp flakes to picking them up and using them. Luncz and Proffitt hope to find the missing link in further studies. (尽管有了这些发现，为了揭示薄片技术出现的机制，研究人员仍然需要了解人类是如何从偶然产生尖锐的薄片到捡起并使用它们的。Luncz和Proffitt希望在进一步的研究中找到缺失的环节。)”可知，为了揭示薄片技术背后的机制，研究者们仍然需要了解古人类是如何从意外产生锋利的薄片，到捡起并使用它们的。伦茨和普罗菲特希望在接下来的研究中可以找到缺失的这一环（即原始人是如何开始使用薄片的），故选C。
24、答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本篇是一篇科研报告类文章，第一段的“In a new study published on Friday in Science Advances, Lydia Luncz and Tomos Proffitt, both at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, argue that mistakenly created flakes (薄片) may have been our ancient ancestors’ or other now-extinct early human relatives“ first step toward creating the sharp-edged tools that they used to butcher animals and cut edible plants.( 在周五发表在《科学进展》上的一项新研究中，德国莱比锡马克斯普朗克进化人类学研究所的Lydia Luncz和Tomos Proffitt认为，错误地制造出的薄片可能是我们的古代祖先或其他现已灭绝的早期人类亲戚制造出锋利的工具的第一步，他们用来屠宰动物和切割可食用的植物。)”点明了新研究的结果，后文详细描述了研究过程和局限性及等未来研究前景，因此推断A项“薄片技术：从猕猴到人类。”为最佳标题。故选A项。
25、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。由第一段“For 85 years, the Harvard Study of Adult Development has tracked an original group of 724 men and more than 1,300 of their male and female descendants (后代) over three generations, asking thousands of questions and taking hundreds of measurements to find out what really keeps people healthy and happy.(85年来，哈佛大学成人发展研究追踪了一个由724名男性及其1300多名男性和女性后代组成的原始群体，历时三代，提出了数千个问题，并进行了数百次测量，以找出真正让人们保持健康和快乐的因素。)”可知，哈佛大学成人发展研究的目的是揭示健康和幸福的秘密。故选 B。
26、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。由第三段“In 2008,researchers telephoned the wives and husbands of Harvard Study couples in their 80s every night for eight nights. Researchers spoke to each partner separately and asked them a series of questions about their days.(2008年，研究人员连续八晚每晚给哈佛大学研究中80多岁夫妇的妻子和丈夫打电话。研究人员分别与每对伴侣交谈，并问了他们一系列关于日常生活的问题)”可知，研究者通过追踪特定群体来实施研究。故选 B。
27、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。由第二段“Through all the years of studying these lives, one crucial factor stands out for the consistency and power of its bond to physical health, mental health and longevity: good relationships.(通过多年来对这些生活的研究，有一个关键因素突出了它与身体健康、心理健康和寿命之间的一致性和力量：良好的人际关系。)”；第三自然段提及研究及研究对象“couples in their 80s(80多岁的夫妇)”、研究过程及研究方法，第四段讲研究过程中的发现。第四段“But researchers found that the people who were in more satisfying relationships were cushioned (缓冲) somewhat from these ups and downs of mood—their happiness did not decline as much on the days when they had more pain. Simply put, their happy marriages seemed to have a protective effect.(但研究人员发现，那些处于更令人满意的关系中的人在一定程度上缓解了情绪的起伏—他们的幸福感在经历更多痛苦的日子里并没有下降那么多。简单地说，他们幸福的婚姻似乎起到了保护作用。)”可知通过具体的例子，使读者可以更加直观地理解这个研究结果，并且更容易接受这个结论的可信度。即为了支持令人满意的关系对人们生活的积极影响。故选D。
28、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。由第五段“... although most of us found that our experience of relationships might be hard, and at times, impossible, it is essential to our well-being(虽然我们大多数人发现我们的人际关系经历可能很难，有时甚至是不可能的，但它对我们的幸福至关重要)”可知，Elizabeth Gillespie 认为 experience of relationships(关系体验)即拥有好的社交关系对幸福至关重要。故此选 A。
29、答案：①to lead②be offered③actively④adding⑤Besides⑥an⑦gifted⑧competitions⑨whom⑩has stepped
解析：这是一篇新闻报道。文章指出，教育部已在全国范围内指名24,126所中小学为足球特色学校，我国发展青少年足球事业的力度正在逐步加强。
①考查非谓语动词。句意：根据教育部统计，中国已经在全国范围内给予24126所中小学足球特色学校称号，以引导青少年足球的发展。分析句子可知，句中谓语动词是has named，lead是非谓语动词，这里用不定式作目的状语，符合句意。故填to lead。
②考查虚拟语气。句意：在这些学校里按要求每周至少一节足球课，这样就可以鼓励学生积极参与足球训练和比赛。分析句子可知，此处It是形式主语，真正的主语是that后的从句，在表示“要求”的require一词后，名词性从句中谓语要用虚拟语气，表达为“should+动词原形”， should可以省略，而从句中主语football class与动词offer之间是被动关系，要用被动语态（be done）。故填be offered。
③考查副词。句意：在这些学校里按要求每周至少一节足球课，这样就可以鼓励学生积极参与足球训练和比赛。修饰动词participate，要用active的副词形式。故填actively。
④考查非谓语动词。句意：教育部官员Wang Dengfeng补充道，为了实现这一目标，教育部将采取多种措施，其中包括建造校内足球场地、训练足球教练以及提供额外的资金和政策扶持。分析句子可知，句中said是谓语动词，非谓语动词add，与主语Wang Dengfeng之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，作伴随状语。故填adding。
⑤考查介词。句意：除了校内的这些措施，还会建立47个足球训练营，致力于在年轻人中推广这一运动。从后句的“also”及句意可知，此处前后句间是递进关系，应用介词besides表示“除了……(还有)” 和名词短语those measures构成介词短语，符合句意。故填Besides。
⑥考查冠词。句意：除了在学校采取这些措施外，还建立了47个足球训练营，努力在青年人中推广这项运动。effort是可数名词，此处是泛指概念，因以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an限定，in an effort“努力”是固定短语。故填an。
⑦考查形容词。句意：而优秀的或有天赋的选手也将有机会参加校际队伍进入地区比赛甚至国家夏令营。分析句意可知，空格与or连接的outstanding并列，要用与其含义相近的形容词gifted “有天赋的”作定语修饰名词players。故填gifted。
⑧考查名词复数。句意：句意：而优秀的或有天赋的选手也将有机会参加校际队伍进入地区比赛甚至国家夏令营。根据空格前的介词for以及形容词 regional可知，此处应用可数名词competition作介词宾语，可数名词零冠词复数形式表泛指，故用其复数形式。故填competitions。
⑨考查定语从句。句意：在过去四年里，各地教育部门已经培养了约40000名足球老师，其中8000名已获得教练资格。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，关系代词whom指代先行词football teachers(指人)，并在从句中作介词of的宾语。故填whom。
⑩考查动词时态。句意：此外，中国自成立教育、体育、财政等部门和中国足协等七部门联合工作组以来，加大了在学校推广足球的力度。根据时间状语从句since it set up a seven-department joint task force可知，谓语动词应用现在完成时（have/has done），主语 the country是第三人称单数，主谓一致。故填has stepped。
30、答案：①when②as③rose④and⑤To fight⑥strength⑦fans⑧further⑨quitting⑩thoroughly
解析：①考查定语从句。句意为:2022年的夏天必定会烙印在重庆人民的记忆里,这个夏天,我们经受了巨大的考验,一起适应,一起克服艰难险阻。分析句子结构可知,此处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为a summer,关系词在从句中作时间状语,应用when引导。故填when。
②考查介词。句意为:重庆素有中国“火炉城市”之一的称号,在夏天日间气温高达45℃。be known as意为“作为……而出名”,为固定短语。故填as。
③考查动词的时态。句意为:我看到的是,当事情变得困难时,重庆成功应对了挑战。根据语境以及前面的saw可知,此处表示的动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。故填rose。
④考查连词。句意为:(人们)毫无怨言,该市开始节电,减少了购物中心的营业时间,以保证居民、医院和学校的关键电力的供给。由语境可知,此处residents, hospitals和schools为并列关系。故填and。
⑤考查非谓语动词。句意为:为了救火,专业人员和志愿者挺身而出,倾尽全力。本句已有谓语came forward和gave,此处应用非谓语形式,作目的状语,应用不定式。故填To fight。
⑥考查词性转换。句意见上一题解析。此处作gave的宾语,应用名词形式。故填strength。
⑦考查名词单复数。句意为:当重庆人民团结起来,防止更多的灾难(发生)时,摩托车爱好者们骑车穿过浓烟和烈火,在偏远的道路上运送必要的消防物资。此处fan为可数名词,表示“狂热爱好者,迷”,根据语境可知,此处表示不止一位摩托车爱好者,应用复数形式。故填fans。
⑧考查形容词的比较等级。句意见上一题解析。此处作定语,修饰名词disaster,表示“更多的”,应用further。故填 further。
⑨考查非谓语动词。句意为:我们只有放弃,才会输了这场战斗。分析句子结构可知,此处作介词by的宾语,应用动名词形式。故填quitting。
⑩考查词性转换。句意为:军队来帮忙救火,把火彻底扑灭了。此处修饰动词短语put out,应用副词作状语。故填thoroughly。
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