2015英语中考题复习：专题十三 简单句

2015中考专题（13）简单句
2015中考专题（13）简单句
【解读中考】
【考点分布】1.陈述句
2.疑问句
3.祈使句
4.感叹句
【考点内容】掌握陈述句的肯定和否定形式，实现肯定句和否定句之间的灵活转换。熟悉
一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反意疑问句、和选择疑问句之间的句型转换。了
解祈使句的特点，使用祈使句进行建议、命令、请求和劝告。能够熟练使用
what 和how引导的感叹句。
【命题趋势】1.各类简单句的构成及用法
2.重点考查特殊疑问句、反意疑问句、祈使句和感叹句的使用
3.what 和how引导的感叹句的辨析
【考点分析】
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
从以上表格可以看出，云南近五年的考题对简单句类型的考查，
一是集中在疑问句的疑问词，主要考查同类或同义疑问词相互间的用法辨析。
二是考查祈使句，尤其是对动词原形和特殊祈使句的考查。
三是考查感叹句，单项填空题对感叹句的考查主要集中在感叹词what和how及不定冠
词的有无。
虽然近几年单纯考查这种基础句型的题不是很多，但是在阅读中有时需借助于划分句
子成分去理解。
在书面表达中，没有最基本的遣词造句的能力是不可能用地道的英语句子来表达清楚
的。有关简单句知识点的考查，渗透到了中考试题的各种题型，特别是句子翻译、单
项填空、书面表达等，更需要牢固掌握这些基础知识。
第一讲 陈述句
一、陈述句讲解：
【陈述句定义】：用来陈述事实或观点的句子叫做陈述句，句末用句号。
【陈述句分类】：陈述句分为肯定句和否定句。
(1)陈述句肯定式的正常语序是主语在谓语前。
We’ll meet again tomorrow. 我们明天再见。
(2)陈述句否定式的结构
①含有be动词，助动词have, will和情态动词的否定形式是将not放在这些词的后面。
The desk is not made of wood.
The girl didn’t do housework at home.
Fish can’t live without water.
②实义动词的否定形式要借助于助动词，并且将否定词not加在助动词的后面。
I didn’t find Chinese easily at first. 起初，我发现学中文不容易。
③除not外，其他否定词(no/non ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e/little/few/never/nobody/seldom/neither/nor/hardly
等) 也可以构成否定句。
She has no ability in that kind of work.
I have never met a foreigner who speaks such perfect Chinese.
Nobody is allowed to be late.
I have nothing much to do.
I had never seen such a good match before that day!
在那天以前，我从来没有看过这么精彩的比赛！
【拓展】当陈述句的谓语动词是have,表示“有”时，改为否定句的方法是：
(1)have + not + 其他 You have not any books.
(2)have + no +其他 You have no books.
(3)don’t /doesn’t/ didn’t + have + 其他。如果句中有some，要将some改为any.
You don’t have any books.
【中考真题训练】
【2014四川达州】Emma does her homework every evening.(变为否定句)
Emma her homework every evening.
【2014甘肃兰州】I really don’t know what I can do to help her out.(改为简单句)
I re ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ally don’t know what to help her out.
【答案】1.doesn’t;do 2.to do
二、陈述句的五种基本句型：
五大句型构成见下表：
句型结构 例句
主语+系动词+表语 The bike is new.这辆自行车是新的。
The hat looks nice on you!你戴这顶帽子真好看！
主语+不及物动词 He swims in the river every summer他每年夏天都在这条河里游泳。
主语+及物动词+宾语 Children often sing this song.孩子们经常唱这首歌。
主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 She showed her friends all her pictures.她向她的朋友们展示了她所有的图画。
主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 We keep our classroom clean and tidy.我们保持教室干净整洁。
【拓展详解】
1.陈述句的五种基本句型
(1)主语+连系动词+表语
I am a student.
They feel happy.
(2)主语+谓语(不及物动词)
The sun rises in the east.
The bell has rung.
(3)主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语
He is doing morning exercises.
I like English.
(4)主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语
My father bought me an MP4.
He asked me a question.
(5)主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语
She found this question easy.
We saw him swimming in the river.
第二讲疑问句
【疑问句讲解 】
【疑问句定义】：用来提问的句子叫疑问句，句末用问号。
【疑问句分类】：I.一般疑问句 II.特殊疑问句 III.选择疑问句 IV.反意疑问句
I.一般疑问句用法见下表：
分类 概念 形式 例句
一般疑问句 用yes, no来回答的疑问句叫一般疑问句 be+主语+其他？
情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他？ —Is she from England 她来自英格兰吗？
—Yes, she is.是的，她是。
助动词+主语+动词原形/过去分词+其他？ Did she like to dance when she was young 她小时候喜欢跳舞吗？
【拓展详解】
1.一般疑问句基本结构为：
(1)be+主语+其他( )
(2)助动词(或情态动词)+主语+谓语(动词原形)+其他( )
使用一般疑问句时应特别注意问句与答句在人称、数和时态上的一致。
一般疑问句的回答：
肯定回答：Yes,主语+be/助动词/情态动词
否定回答：No，主语+be/助动词/情态动词+not
not一般要与前面的词语构成缩略形式。
【注意】一般疑问句通常是怎么问，怎么答，即用什么词提问，就用什么词回答，但
有下列情况时例外。
(1)用其他词语代替yes或no来回答，从而使语气变得客气、委婉。
—Can you get a ticket for me
—I’m afraid not.I am on business now.
（2）否定的一般疑问句通常是以be动词、情态动词或助动词与not的缩略形式开头，
往往表示惊讶、赞叹、怀疑等语气
Don’t you care about losing your job
你难道就不担心失去工作 (表示惊讶)
—Yes,I do.不，我担心。
—No,I don’t.是的，我不担心。
对否定的一般疑问句作简略回答时也用yes或no,但其汉语翻译与其原意正好相反。
【中考真题训练】
【2014昆明1】—Have you ever seen the TV show Where Are We Going, DAD
—_______. I think it’s quite moving and funny.
A. Yes, I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) have B. No, I haven’t C. Yes, he has D. No, she hasn’t
II.特殊疑问句
分类 概念 形式 例句
特殊疑问句 以疑问词开头的疑问句叫作特殊疑问句 When询问时间 When did you go to Shanghai last month 你上个月什么时候去上海的？
Where询问地点、位置 Where are you going this summer vacation 这个暑假你要去哪里？
who询问身份 Who is the girl over there 那边的女孩是谁？
which询问人或物 Which color is your favorite color 你最喜欢的颜色是什么？
what询问职业或身份 What’s her job 她的工作是什么？
why询问原因 Why are you late for the meeting 开会的时候你为什么迟到了？
how询问方式 How do you get to school every day 你每天怎样去学校？
【拓展详解】
【特殊疑问句定义】用特殊疑问词引导的疑问句叫特殊疑问句。
疑问词包括疑问代词、疑问副词和疑问词组。
疑问代词：可以对主语、表语、宾语提问，有what(对“物”提问),who(对“人”
提问)，which(哪一个)，whose(谁的)，whom(宾格“谁”)。
What did you buy？
Who is that woman？
【中考真题训练】
( )_______ is the most annoying invention
A.What do you think B.How do you think
C.How you do think D.What you do think
【2014德州1】—___ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )____ are you going to buy for your father for Father’s Day
—A T-shirt.
A. What B. When C. Where D. How
【2014昆明2】—_______
—He is of medium build and has straight hair.
A. What ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) does his uncle do B. What does his uncle look like
C. Wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at can his uncle do D. What is his uncle doing
疑问副词：用于对状语提问，有when(何时)，where(何地)，why(为什么)和how(怎
么样)等。
—Where do you live —(I live in)Qingdao.
—How do you go to school —I go to school by bus.
【中考真题训练】
【2014南京3】—_______ are you going to the School Uniform Exhibition, Amy
—To learn about different styles of school uniform.
A. What B. Where C. Why D. Which
【2014济宁2】—______ are you always staying up so late these days
—To prepare for my final exam.
A. How B. Why C. When D. Where
【2014重庆市A3】—______ does your cousin usually go to work on foot
—He says it’s good for his health.
A. Where B. When C. Why D. How
【2014东营2】—______ do you like Huo Zun’s “Roll of Bead Curtain(卷珠帘)”
—Very much. You know I love songs that both have great lyrics and
beautiful music.
A. Why B. How C. When D. What
【2014重庆C3】—______ does ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) your cousin usually go to work on foot
—He says it’s good for his health.
A. Where B. When C. Why D. How
【2014丽水1】—_______ do you like the film, American Captain 3
—It’s wonderful! I like it very much.
A. How B. Who C. What D. When
【2014南京3】—We can invite our teachers to the farewell party next Saturday.
—Yes, ______ I’ll call them at once.
A. what for B. what C. why not D. Why
【2014龙东地区2】－Excuse me .Could you please tell me ________ my car
－Sure. Park it right here. I’ll help you.
A. how to stop B. where to park C. when to park
疑问词组：
how soon 多久；how long 多长时间；how far 多远；how often 多久一次
短语 含义 提问内容举例
how often 多久一次 频度（sometimes; once a week）
how long ①多长
②多久 ①物体长度（50 meters long）
②时间（since 2014）
how soon 多久之后 in + 时间段（in 10 years）
how far 多远 距离（8 minutes walk）
—How long have you been a teacher —For about ten years.
—How soon will the building be finished —In a month.
(4)特殊否定疑问句一般有劝告、建议、责备等意味。
Why don’t you go swimming =Why not go swimming
【中考真题训练】
【2014菏泽2】—Look at the flowers I gave you last month. They are dying!
___ do you water them
—Sorry, I forgot to water them.
A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How much
【2014潍坊2】—_______ do you go to Weifang Theatre
—Once a month.
A. How ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) soon B. How often C. How much D. How long
【2014泰安4】—_______ will your father come back from Beijing
—In two days.
A. How ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) often B. How long C. How far D. How soon
【2014宁波3】—_______ will the dinner be ready
—Just a minute.
A. Ho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w much B. How long C. How soon D. How often
【2014湖州3】—Excuse me, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Sir. _______ is it from here to the nearest shopping mall
—Well, only about five minutes’ walk.
A. Ho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w often B. How long C. How far D. How soon
【2014甘肃白银1】—_______ will the breakfast be ready It’s late for work.
—In a minute.
A. How ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) soon B. How often C. How long D. How much
【2014苏州2】—______ do you go to the sports club
—At least once a week.
A. How long B. How often C. How much D. How far
【2014北京3】—_______ people are there in your family —Three.
A. How often B. How long C. How many D. How much
【2014重庆市B4】—_______ have you been in Chongqing
—For five hears.
A. How ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) many B. How soon C. How much D. How long
【2014连云港3】—______ will the fog and haze last
—I’ve no idea. There is no sign of an end.
A. How s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oon B. How far C. How long D. How often
【2014吉林1】— ______ do you help your mother do housework
— Twice a week, Doing housework brings me pleasure.
A. How often B. How far C. How long
【2014乐山1】–______will you stay here for the meeting
–Until the day after tomorrow.
A. How long B. How often C. How much
【2014盐城1】－ ___ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )____does Nancy help the old lady with her housework
－ About twice a week.
A. How ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) often B. How long C. How much D. How soon
【2014无锡2】—______ is the World Cup held
— Every 4 years.
A.How soon B. How often C. When D. Where
【2014淮安4】— _______ do you go to the supermarket, Amy —Once a week.
A. How many B. How much C. How far D. How often
【2014丹东2】—______ do you surf the Internet
—About twice a week.
A. How soon B. How o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ften C. How long D. How far
【2014龙东地区1】－________will Eric’s aunt be back
－In half an hour.
A. How soon B. How often C. How long
III.选择疑问句
分类 概念 形式 例句
选择疑问句 提出两种或两种以上不同情况以供对方选择的问句 A or B Which one do you prefer, Size A or Size B 你更喜欢哪一个，A号还是B号？
【拓展详解】选择疑问句
选择疑问句可以分为一般选择疑问句和特殊选择疑问句两种。
（1）一般选择疑问句：一般疑问句+or+被选择部分？
—Do you want to go by bus or by train
—By bus.
（2）特殊选择疑问句：特殊疑问句+A or B？
—Which would you like better,swimming or fishing
—I like fishing.
【中考真题训练】
【2013济南4】 —Do you like summer or winter
—__________. I really like the snow.
A. Yes, I do ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. No, I don’t C. Summer D. Winter
IV.反意疑问句
分类 概念 形式 例句
反意疑问句（考查7次） 附加在陈述句后的简单问句，又称附加疑问句。 肯定陈述句+否定附加疑问句 Lucy often goes to school on foot, doesn’t she 露西常常步行去上学，对吧？
否定陈述句+肯定附加疑问句 You haven’t finished your work, have you 你还没有完成工作，是不是？
Let’s祈使句，shall we Let’s have a rest, shall we 咱们休息一下，好吗？
肯定(否定)祈使句， will you Be sure to come on time, will you 保证按时来，好吗？
( ) He has never been to Urumqi, _____
A. has he B. hasn’t he C. is he D. isn’t he
【拓展详解】
常见考点如下：
（1）陈述部分主谓语是I am …时，反意疑问句用aren’t I，而不是am not I。
I’m reading now,aren’t I
当主语是指示代词this或that时，反意疑问句的主语用it；当陈述部分的主语是
指示代词these或those时，其反意疑问句的主语用they
This is your bike,isn’t it
Those are apples,aren’t they
（3）当have/has不是表示“有”的意思，并在句中做谓语时，其反意疑问句的助动词
要用do，does，did。
They had a party last night,didn’t they
（4）陈述部分有have to时，其反意疑问句要用助动词的否定形式。
You have to clean the classroom every day,don’t you
（5）陈述部分是there be句型时，反意疑问句中要用there。
There is a park near here,isn’t there
陈述部分含I think (believe，suppose…)that…结构时，其反意疑问句须与从句的
主、谓语保持一致，主句的主语必须是第一人称。
I don’t think you are wrong,are you
（7）陈述部分主语是动名词、从句、不定式短语形式时，反意疑问句的主语应该用it。
Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes,isn’t it
陈述部分含有few，little，hardly，never，not，no，no one，nobody，nothing，
none等这些表示否定意义的词时，其反意疑问句需用肯定结构
He is never late for work,is he
陈述部分的主语是everything，nothing，anything或something时，反意疑问句
的主语应用代词it。
Something is wrong with your watch,isn’t it
当主语是everybody，everyone，anybody，anyone，somebody，someone，nobody，
no one，none，neither时，反意疑问句的主语要用复数代词they
None is here,are they
Everyone knows about it,don’t they
祈使句一般加上will you或won’t you构成反意疑问句；用will you多表示请
求，用won’t you多表示提醒对方注意。
Please close the door,will you/won’t you
let引导的祈使句有两种情况：
1)let’s后的反意疑问句用shall we
Let’s go home,shall we
2)Let us/me…后的反意疑问句用will you或won’t you。
Let me have a look,will you/won’t you
（12）感叹句后加反意疑问句时，其反意疑问句需用be的一般现在时的否定形式
What beautiful flowers,aren’t they
含否定意义的词在陈述部分作动词的宾语时，反意疑问句可用肯定结构，也可
用否定结构。
You got nothing from them,did/didn’t you
【注意】 ①反意疑问句中问句部分谓语动词的选择要参考其前面的陈述句部分,陈述句中
用be动词/情态动词,问句部分也用相应的be动词/情态动词；
②若陈述句中用的是实义动词,问句部分则根据时态和人称选择相应的助动词
do/does/did;
③若陈述句是现在完成时,问句部分的谓语动词则依然用相应的助动词have/has。
【中考真题训练】
【2014湖南益阳2】She’s been to shanghai before, _______
A.isn’t she B.hasn’t she C.has she
【2014甘肃兰州3】—Did you use to have long hair or short hair,Sally
— _______ .
A.Yes,I did B.No,I didn’t C.Long hair D.Curly hair
【2014四川达州2】—Judy’s never been late for school, she
— _______ .She is always the first to get to school every morning.
A.is;Y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es B.has;No C.isn’t;Yes D.hasn’t;No
【2014安顺1】 I don't think she will agree with us, ______
A. will she B. won't she C. don't you D. do you
【2014铜仁市1】 He hardly goes to school by car, _________ he
A. does B. doesn’t C. is D. isn’t
【2014龙东地区2】 I don ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’t think they can make everything good enough, ________
A. do I B. can they C. can’t they
【2014无锡1】—Your father never watched the drama series on TV, _____
—____. He thinks theses drama series are boring and dull.
A.does ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he; Yes, he does. B. does he; No, he doesn’t
C. doesn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’t he ; Yes, he does. D. doesn’t he ; No, he doesn’t
【2014昆明1】Thank ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s to the 2014 Winter Olympics, Sochi is well-known,_______
A. isn’t it B. was it C. is it D. wasn’t it
【2014达州2】—Judy’s never been late for school, _______ she
—_______. She is always the first to get to school every morning.
A. is; Y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es B. has; No C. isn’t; Yes D. hasn’t; No
【2014铜仁1】He hardly goes to school by car, ______ he
A. does B. doesn’t C. is D. isn’t
【2013中考真题训练】
【2013温州】1. —It’s Father’s Day,
—Yes. Let’s buy a gift for Dad.
A. isn’t i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t B. doesn’t it C. isn’t he D. doesn’t he
【2013永州】2.Your school is very beautiful, __________
A.isn’t it ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B.is it C.is your school
【2013益阳】3.—Jim had nothing for breakfast this morning, _______
—______. He got up too late.
A. had she; Yes B. hadn’t he; Yes C. did he; No
【2013十堰】4. There ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’s little important news in the newspaper today, ___________
A. isn’t there B. is there C. is it D. are there
【2013遂宁】5. She has never been to the city, she
A. doesn’ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t B. hasn’t C. has
【2013兰州】6. — He hasn’t watched the movie “ So Young”, has he
— ______. He told me it’s very moving and interesting, he’d like to watch it again.
A. Yes, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he has B. Yes, he hasn’t C. No, he hasn’t D. No, he has
【2013宜宾】7.—Sam didn’t go to school yesterday, did he
—______. He was ill yesterday.
A. Yes, he did B. No, he did C. No, he didn’t D. Yes, he didn’t
【2013邵阳】8.There is little milk in the fridge,
A. is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) there B. isn’t there C. isn’t it
【2013泸州】9. Tell me the way to the cinema, _______ you
A. will B. need C. shall D. may
【2013黄石】10. I don ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’t think the newly-directed film by Zhaowei is as interesting as people say,
_______
A. do yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u B. isn’t it C. is it D. don’t you
【2013营口】11. — Hi, Sam. Your mother’s busy these days,
—Yes. But she says she’ll be free soon.
A. has she B. is she C. hasn’t she D. isn’t she
【2013柳州】12. —Becky doesn’t talk much, _________ she
—Yes, she does.
A.will B,did C.does
【2013镇江】12. —You have joined the Singing Club, haven’t you
—____________.I like singing, but I don’t have any time.
A. Yes, I do B.No, I don’t C.Yes, I have D. No, I haven’t
【2013恩施】13. Mr. Z ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hang hardly said a word because he was angry yesterday.
A.didn’t he B.did he C.doesn’t he
第三讲 祈使句
【祈使句(近四年云南省考查2次)】
1. 含义：表示说话人直接向听话人发出命令或提出劝告或邀请的句子叫做祈使句，
句尾通常用句号，也可用感叹号。
2. 句式结构：
祈使句句式 肯定形式 否定形式
（Please）+动词原形+其他 Please listen to me carefully!请认真听我讲！ Please don’t read in the sun.请不要在太阳底下看书。
Put away your things.把你的东西收起来放好。 Don’t open the window.不要打开窗子。
Let+宾语+动词原形+其他 Let’s have another try.让我们再试试。 Don’t let him go there alone.不要让他独自去那儿。
No+名词/动名词 / No photos!禁止照相！
No parking!禁止停车！
【拓展】
（1）应答祈使句时要用将来时。
—Please ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) remember to take the dog out to walk every day.请记住每天带着狗出去散步。
—Yes , I will.好的，我会的。
（2）掌握“祈使句+and/or+结果状语”结构。
Study harder, and you’ll get good grades.努力学习，你就会取得好成绩。
【详解 祈使句】
祈使句常常是表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。
祈使句一般没有时态的变化，也不能与情态动词连用。
1.祈使句的肯定句式
祈使句的肯定句式一般分为以下三种类型：
(1)行为动词原形＋其他成分。
Go this way,please.
(2)Be动词＋其他成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)。
Be quiet，please.
(3)Let＋宾语＋动词原形＋其他成分：
Let him go back now.
2.祈使句的否定句式
（1）祈使句的否定句式，通常情况下在句首加上don’t或never。
Don’t always make the same mistake.
Never be so rude.
【注意】 在这种句型中be不能省略；否定副词not不可置于be之后。
(2)let引起的祈使句的否定形式有两种：
let开头的祈使句，如果后面跟第一、第三人称名词或代词的宾格，
可在let前加don’t，也可在let后宾格的名词或代词后面加not。
如果以let’s开头的祈使句，必须在let’s后加not
Don’t let me go with her tomorrow.
＝Let me not go with her tomorrow.
Let’s not waste our time about it.
在公共场合的提示语中，否定祈使句常用“No＋名词/v.?ing形式”结构，
表示“禁止做某事”
NO PHOTOS! 禁止拍照！
NO SMOKING! 禁止抽烟！
(4)在请求、命令和口号中，常用无动词祈使句（省略了动词）
Just a minute,please!
This way,please!
( ) —_____! Or we will be late for school again. —Sorry, my feet got hurt.
A. Comin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g on B. Come on C. To come on D. Came on
【中考真题训练】
【2014黄冈3】—What are the rules at your school
—Don ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’t run in the hallways and ______ arrive late for class.
A. not to B. won’t C. don’t D. no
【2014黄冈1】—Put some butter on a slice of bread and add a teaspoon of butter.
What else
—Next ______ some tomatoes.
A. cut up B. cuts up C. to cut up D. cutting up
【2014贵阳1】 “________run in the hallways, Mike.” "Sorry, Ms Clark.”
A. Don't B. Please C. Let's
【2014重庆市A1】_______ wake up your sister, Ben. She needs a good sleep.
A. Don’t B. Doesn’t C. Aren’t D. Can’t
【2014广州3】—Sorry I’m late.
—_______ tell me the bus broke down again!
A. Never to B. Not C. Don’t D. No
第四讲感叹句
感叹句（近四年云南省考查8次）
what What+ a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语 What a beautiful present it is!多么漂亮的一件礼物啊！
What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语 What interestin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g books they are!多么有趣的书！
What nice music it is!多么美妙的音乐！
how How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语 How fine the weather is!天气真好！ 有a, an开头的，多用what；形容词直接加名词的，多用how 。
How+形容词+a/an+单数名词 How beautiful a present!一份很漂亮的礼物！
How+主语+谓语 How time flies!时间过得真快呀！
( ) Mo Yan won the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Nobel Prize for Literature. _____ excellent he is!
A. How B. What C. What a D. What an
【注意】：用下列四步法可准确辨别用what还是用how。
①找谓语：先找谓语，后定主语。感叹句谓语动词或系动词位于句尾，如果找不
到便是省略掉了。
What a brave boy he is! 多勇敢的男孩啊！
②定主语：谓语动词前的名词或代词就是句子的主语，找到主语后，在主语下画线，
把它与前面分离。
What a brave boy he is! 多勇敢的男孩啊！（画线部分前是名词）
③判断画线前单词的词性：这一步是最关键的，必须准确判断出画线前的那个单词
是名词、形容词，还是副词。
④确定感叹词，如果画线前的单词是名词，则不论名词前是否有形容词都要用what
或what a/an；如果画线前的单词是形容词、副词则用how。
How beautiful the pictures are! 多美丽的图画啊！
【拓展详解 感叹句】
1.what引导的感叹句
(1)What+a(an)+形容词+可数名词的单数形式+主语+谓语!
What a nice present it is!
What an interesting book it is!
(2)What+形容词+可数名词的复数形式+主语+谓语！
What beautiful flowers they are!
(3)What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！
What fine weather it is today!
What important news it is!
2.how引导的感叹句
(1)How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语！
How careful she is!
How fast he runs!
(2)How+形容词+a/an+可数名词的单数形式+主语+谓语！
How beautiful a girl she is!
(3)How+主语+谓语！
How time flies!
3.引导词what或how的选择
凡是有a,an开头的多用what；凡是形容词直接加名词的，多用what;其他一般用how。
【提示】由 what 引导的感叹句与由 how 引导的感叹句有时可以转换，但句中部分单词
的顺序要有所变化。
What a beautiful girl she is!＝How beautiful a girl she is!
What deli ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cious cakes these are!＝ How delicious these cakes are!
【中考真题训练】
【2014云南曲靖4】 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) funny the joke is! It makes us smile from ears to ears.
A.What an B.What C.How an D.How
【2014湖北咸阳1】— sweet music!
—And I really like the Voice of China TV programs.
A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
【2014铜仁1】—_______ sweet music! Do you like it
—Mm, it _______ beautiful!
A. How; listens B. How a; sounds C. What a; listens D. What; sounds
【2014连云港1】—The six ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) students from Lianyungang got the first prize in the Chinese
Characters Dictation Competition in Jiangsu.
—_______ exciting news it is!
A. Wha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t B. How C. What an D. How an
【2014年临沂2】_______ delicious these beef noodles are!
A. Wha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t B. How C. What a D. How a
【2014甘肃白银1】Look! ______ happily the children are playing over there!
A. How B. What C. What a D. How a
【2014年烟台2】______ honest man he is!
A. What B. W hat an C. How D. How an
【2014滨州2】—_______ interesting the film is!
—Yes. I have seen it twice.
A. What B. How C. What an D. How an
【2014聊城3】______ weather it is! We can go boating on the Dongchang Lake.
A. How bad B. How good C. What good D. What bad
【2014东营4】—_______ fantastic documentary it is!
—Do you mean the hot film “Diaoyu Island----The Truth”
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
【2014苏州4】_______role s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he played in the movie! That’s why she has a lot of fans.
A. How interesting B. How an interesting
C. What i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nteresting D. What an interesting
【2014陕西4】Look ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )! Laura is getting the first place. ___ fast runner she is!
A. How B. What C. How a D. What a
【2014南京2】—____ brave Zhang Hua is!
—Yes. He helped his neighbour, Mrs. Sun out of the fire.
A. What a B. How C. How a D. What
【2014鄂州1】—A numbe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r of people ___ killed by the terrorists at the Urumqi train station.
—_______ terrible it is!
A. were; How B. was; How C. were; What D. was; What
【2014长沙3】______ nervous the girl was! She could not fall asleep all night.
A. What B. What a C. How