2015英语中考题复习：专题十四 并列句和复合句

2015中考复习专题（14）并列句与复合句
2015中考专题（14）并列句和复合句
【中考解读】
【考点分布】1.并列句
2.复合句
【考点内容】掌握连接并列句的连词，理解句子之间的逻辑关系。识别宾语从句、状语从
句和定语从句并能够熟练使用。
【命题趋势】1.考查并列句连词的选择
2.考查宾语从句的引导词和语序
3.考查状语从句及定语从句的先行词及引导词的选择与运用
【考情分析】
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
复合句包含的宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，以及并列句都是初中英语学的重要语法项目，也是考试的重要考点之一。近年来云南省以及各地市的考题考查的侧重点通常是根据主句与从句之间的意义上的联系来确定主句与从句的关系，从容易混淆的近似连词中选出恰当的引导词，以及从句的正常语序和时态等。
第一讲 并列句
【 并列句定义】：由并列连词将两个或两个以上平等关系的简单句连接在一起构成的句子
叫并列句。
【并列句结构】：简单句+并列连词+简单句。
【并列句类别】
1.联合关系
常用的连词有and(同，和),
not only…but (also)…(不仅……而且……)
neither…nor…(既不……也不……)等
He helps me and I help him.
He not only gave us a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) lot of advice,but also helped us to study English.
2.选择关系
常用的连词有or(或者，否则),either…or(不是……就是)。
Hurry up,or you’ll be late.
Will he still be there or will he have gone away
Either Tom is coming or his sisters are.
3.转折关系
常用的连词有but(但是，可是),while(而、却),yet(可是)等。
I’m very busy today but I will be free tomorrow.
I like tea while she likes coffee.
She said she would be late,yet she arrived on time.
4.因果关系
常用的连词有for(因为)和so(所以，因此)等。
I am thirsty,for it is hot.
Mother was ill so I looked after her in the hospital.
【训练巩固】
( ) 1. Work hard, _____ you will pass the during test.
A. or B. but C. because D. and
( )2.Stop cuttin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g trees, _____ the earth will become worse and worse.
A. and B. then C but D. or
( )3. They bought Granny a present ____ she liked it very much.
A. and B. so C. but
( )4.— Hello, Mr. Huang!
—I'm sorry, ____I don't think I know you.
A. and B. or C. but D. because
( )5.The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) little boy is very young _____ he can look after himself well.
A. So B. but C. if D. or
( )6.Bill put ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )his hands behind his back, ____ nobody could see his hands.
A. so B. and C. or D. but
( )7. Neithe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r you nor I _____ from Canada. We are from Australia.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
( )8.—We get knowledge ____from books _____from life.
—Yes, both are important.
A. either；o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r B. not only；but also C neither；nor D. not；but
【中考真题训练】
【2014湖北随州2】—What do you think of this soap opera
—I thi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nk it’s very boring, my mother can’t wait to watch it every day.
A.and B.but C.or D.so
【2014四川凉山2】—W ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rite down your uncle’s e-mail address, you’ll forget it.
—All right,Mum.
A.and B.or C.but D.so
第二讲 复合句
一、 宾语从句（云南省近四年考查24次）
宾语从句的连接词
宾语从句 构成规则 例句
连接词 1. that在从句中作 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )宾语时可以省略；作主语时不能省略
2. what, when,where, how, whatever, whenever, wherever, who,whom, whose等特殊疑问词作连接词
3. 引导一般疑问句用whether或if,表示“是否” He tells me (that) he is going shopping this Sunday.他告诉我这个星期天他要去购物。
Co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uld you tell me if/whether it snows in winter in Australia 你能告诉我澳大利亚冬天是否下雪吗？
2.宾语从句的语序
宾语从句 构成规则 例句
语序 从句一律用陈述语序，即主语＋谓语 Do you know where Tom lives 你知道汤姆住哪儿吗？
3.宾语从句的时态
宾语从句 构成规则 例句
时态 1. 主句是一般现在时、一般将来时或祈 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )使句， 从句根据实际需要选用各种时态。
2. 主句是过去时,从句使用过去相应的某种时态。
3. 从句表示的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等时，不管主句使用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。 I hear Joe left for Beijing yesterday.我听说乔昨天去北京了。
Kate said she was watching TV this time yesterday.凯特说昨天这个时间她在看电视。
Miss Hu said that the earth goes around the sun.胡老师说地球绕着太阳转。
【注意】：在介词之后，动词不定式或or之前，只用whether,不用if。如：
I can’t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )decide whether to buy this bike or not.我不能决定是否买这辆自行车。
【练习巩固】
1. —Could you please tell me _____
—Sure, on the second floor.
A. where I c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an get a magazine B. how can I get to the post office
C. what yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u are looking for D. when will we go to the museum
2. —Students should ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) learn _____ problems. —That’s true. I agree with you.
A. how solve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. solving where C. what solved D. how to solve
I am not sure _____ it is right or wrong, but I decide to join in the band without my
parents’ permission.
A. if B. whether C. how D. what
一、宾语从句的注意事项
1.时态一致
(1)如果主句是现在时态(包括一般现在时，现在进行时和现在完成时)，宾语从句可以是
实际需要的任何时态。
I don’t know whether he has come or not.(现在完成时)
Do you know when we’ll have the meeting (一般将来时)
I don’t know what they are talking about.(现在进行时)
如果主句是过去的时态(包括一般过去时，过去进行时)，宾语从句必须选用过去的某
一时态(即一般过去时，过去将来时，过去进行时或过去完成时等)。
He said he would buy her an MP4.(过去将来时)
She told me Lucy had got home.(过去完成时)
Mary was wondering who could answer the question.(一般过去时)
I didn’t tell him where we were having the meeting.(过去进行时)
如果宾语从句表示的是科学真理、客观事实或格言警句等，则不管这句是何种时态，
从句一律用一般现在时。
I knew the earth moves around the sun when I was three years old.
2.从句语序
在宾语从句中，不管用什么引导词，后面均要用陈述句的语序。
(1) 当宾语从句原为陈述句时，用that引导，语序不变。(注意时态的一致)
Tom is a clever boy.The teacher told us…
→The teacher told us Tom was a clever boy.
He has given up smoking.She said…
→She said he had given up smoking.
(2)当宾语从句原为一般疑问句时，用whether或if连接，语序变为陈述句语序。
Is Jim a doctor I wonder…
→I wonder whether Jim is a doctor.
Does she dance well Can you tell me…
→Can you tell me if she dances well
(3)当宾语从句原为特殊疑问句时，特殊疑问词即为连接词，语序变为陈述句语序。
She asked me where you were going.
She wondered what he wanted to do.
二、宾语从句的简化
1.当主句的谓语动词是hope,decide,wish,promise,choose,agree等引导的宾语从句，且主
从句主语相同时，可简化成不定式结构。
I wish that I knew the answer.→
I wish to know the answer.
当主句的谓语动词是know,learn,wonder,remember,forget,tell等引导的宾语从句时，
可简化成“疑问句+不定式”结构，主从句主语要一致。
I don’t know what I should do.→
I don’t know what to do.
当主句的谓语动词是tell,ask，show,teach等，后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一
致时，宾语从句可转换成“疑问词+不定式”结构.
Could you tell me how I can get to Beixin Middle School →
Could you tell me how to get to Beixin Middle School
4.有些含有宾语从句的复合句，从句可简化为现在分词或名词词组。
I found that there was a mobile phone lying on the ground.→
I found a mobile phone lying on the ground.
I take back what I said.→
I take back my words.
【中考预测训练】
( ) 1.—Do you kn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ow ________ at this time yesterday —Sorry, I don't know.
A．what she is doing B．what was she doing
C．what she was doing D．what is she doing
( ) 2.—Can you tell me ________？ —I lost my MP3 player.
A．wha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t's the matter with you B．what the matter is with you
C．what the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )matter you is D．what the matter with you are
( ) 3.—I wonder________． —I'm afraid we'll be late.
A．how we can be on time B．what we are going to do
C．why we ge ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t to school late D．if we will arrive at the meeting on time
( )4.—Would you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) please tell me _______ —Bus No. 22 will take you there.
A. who will we go with to Meilanfang Theater
B. what can we see in Qinghu Wetland Park
C. when we will leave for the Water Forest
D. how we can get to the Old Street
( )5.—Excuse me, could you tell me ______
—Yes, I bought them in Xinhua Bookshop.
A. where you bought the books B. where did you buy the books
C. how you bought the books D. how did you buy the books
( )6.The new-designed car is on show now. I wonder _______.
A. how much it cost B. how much it costs
C. how much did it cost D. how much does it cost
( )7.—What did yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u say to your grandmother on the phone just now
—I asked her _______.
A. what doe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s she cook for lunch B. what she cooks for lunch
C. what did ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )she cook for lunch D. what she cooked for lunch
( )8.Father’s Day is coming. I’m thinking about_______ .
A. what prese ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nt I gave him B. where we had a big meal
C. how I w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ill give him a surprise D. if I planned a party for him
( )9.You shou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ld learn how to communicate with the foreigners at first ____ you want to
spend your holiday in Europe.
A. if B. unless C. because D. although
【中考真题追踪训练】
【2013内江】 I don ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )'t know if he___ to the English corner, but I'll ask him about that when
he ____ to the class.
A. goes; will come B. will go; will come
C. goes; comes D. will go; comes
【2013重庆】 —Did the radio say________？ —Yes, from Hunan.
A. how the bad rice came B. where the bad rice came from
C. how ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) did the bad rice come D. where did the bad rice come from
【2014山东威海3】You didn’t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) know I wanted to see you.It’s a year since I last
saw you.
A.how often B.how long C.how much D.how far
【2014重庆2】—Could you please tell me
—Two months ago.
A.when d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )id you take this photo B.when you took this photo
C.where ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )did you take this photo D.where you took this photo
【2014黄冈2】—So, can you tell me ______ here today
—Well, I was walking down Centre Street when a UFO landed.
A. what did you see B. what you saw
C. when did you see it D. when you saw
【2014连云港1】—Jack, could you tell me for travelling this summer
—We plan to go and see the beautiful sea in Hainan.
A. where your family will go B. how will your family go
C. how your family will go D. where will your family go
【2014年临沂1】—Dad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), can you tell me ______ to the amusement park
—The day after tomorrow.
A. when we are going B. when we went
C. when are we going D. when did we go
【2014长沙2】—Excuse me, could you please tell me ______
—Sure. It’s about ten minutes’ walk.
A. how long it takes to go to the zoo
B. how far it is from here to the zoo
C. how far is it from here to the zoo
【2014河北3】I have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )some tickets for the basketball match. I wonder ______.
A. where you buy the tickets B. why you like to go there
C. if you’d like to come along D. when you watch the matchxK b 1.
【2014河北2】The teacher ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is already standing here. Do you know when she ______
A. comes B. came C. is coming D. was coming
【2014达州3】—We have no idea _______.
—It’s heard that he is Mr. Green’s son.
A. where he comes from B. if does he live here
C. who he is D. who is he
【2014河南2】—Excuse me, can you tell me _______
—Sorry, I don’t know. You can go to the information desk.
A. tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t there is a train B. when the train leaves
C. which train can I take D. where does the train go
【2014陕西2】—Mum, summer holiday is coming. I wonder .
—How about Qinling Wild Zoo？
A. where can we go B. where we can go
C. how we can go D. how we can go
【2014黔西南州2】—Could you tell me _________
—You can take the No. 1 bus.
A. how can we get to Xingyi Airport
B. how we can get to Xingyi Airport
C. how do we get to Xingyi Airport
D. how we got to Xingyi Airport
【2014北京2】—Do you know ______ the meeting
—Tomorrow morning.
A. when they had B. when they are going to have
C. when did they have D. when are they going to have
【2014南京2】—David, could you tell me ______
—Every four years.
A. when the 2014 World Cup will finish
B. how often the World Cup takes place
C. how many teams take part in the World Cup
D. who may score the most goals in the World Cup
【2014鄂州3】—Can you tell me ______
—In three days.
A. when will they go to the Science Museum
B. how long they have been in New York
C. how soon they will go to see the children left at home
D. what time will they attend the meeting
【2014扬州4】—Could you tell me _______
—In August, 2014.
A. where will the Youth Olympic Games take place
B. when will the Youth Olympic Games take place
C. where the Youth Olympic Games will take place
D. when the Youth Olympic Games will take place
【2014昆明4】—Excuse me, could you please tell me ________
—Yes, there is a history museum.
A. how often do you go to the history museum
B. are there any good museums in Kunming
C. how long it takes to get to the history museum
D. if there are any good museums in Kunming
【2014重庆市A3】—Do you know _________
—This afternoon.
A. when will the policeman give us a talk
B. where will the policeman give us a talk
C. when the policeman will give us a talk
D. where the policeman will give us a talk
【2014安徽2】—It’s so late. Why not write the report tomorrow
—But I don’t know ______ I can do it if not now.
A. why B. when C. how D. where
【2014重庆市B2】—Could you please tell me ______
—Two months ago.
A. when did you take this photo B. when you took this photo
C. where did you take this photo D. where you took this photo
【2014东营1】—Excuse me, could you tell me ______
—Go along this stre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )et until you see some buildings with golden roofs.
A. how I can go to Tianning Temple (天宁寺)
B. how often you go to Tianning Temple
C. how soon you will go to Tianning Temple
D. how many times you have been to Tianning Temple
【2014苏州1】—I don’t understand _______.
—I’m sorry. But I was doing my homework.
A. why you didn’t watch the football match
B. why didn’t you watch the football match
C. why you don’t watch the football match
D. why don’t you watch the football match
【2014天津3】—Could you tell me _____ yuanxiao in china
—Usually at Lantern Festival.
A. when do people eat B. how do people eat
C. when people eat D. how people ear
【2014广州2】I don’t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )understand ______ such a silly question in class yesterday.
A. why did John ask B. why John asked
C. why is John asking D. why John asks
【2014杭州3】It’s hard ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to believe____ the way out of the forest without the help of
the local Guide.
A. what they were able to find B. what were they able to findx
C. how they were able to find D. how were they able to find
【2014宜宾4】Her mother didn’t tell her _______ then.
A. where is the MH370 flight B. where the MH370 flight is
C. where was the MH370 flight D. where the MH370 flight was
【2014呼和浩特3】She got ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a nice skirt as a present on her birthday. Do you know
_______
A. what was it made of B. how much did it cost
C. who buys it for her D. where she bought it
【2014呼和浩特1】I hear ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) they are going to London, but I don’t know _______ they
will stay there.
A. how soon B. how often C. how long D. how fast
【2014济宁4】—Could you tell me ______
—At 9:20 tomorrow morning.
what time you arrived B. who you are coming with
C. when will you be here D. what time you are arriving
【2014甘肃白银1】Do you know where ______ I have something to tell you.
A. the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) head teacher’s office is B. is the head teacher’s office
C. the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) head teacher’s office was D. was the head teacher’s office
【2014宁波3】—I’d like to visit Kate tomorrow. Do you know _______
—Sorry, I don’t know her address, either.
A. why she lives there B. who she lives with
C. where she lives D. how she lives
【2014威海3】You didn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’t know ___ I wanted to see you. It’s a year since I last saw
you.
A. how often B. how long C. how much D. how far
【2014温州1】—Mr. Green, do you know _______
—July 10. It will last a month.
A. when our summer begins B. when does our summer begin
C. where our summer begins D. where does our summer begin
【2014绍兴4】—I can’t decide _______ on vacation. Any advice
—What about Hainan It’s warm in winter.
A. when I will go B. where will I go
C. when will I go D. where I will go
【2014台州2】—That’s a nice toy. Could you tell me _______
—I made it with my uncle’s help.
A. how di ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d you like it B. how you made it
C. who did you make it for D. who you made it for
【2014泰安2】—Do you know _______ the Capital Museum
—Next Friday. X Kb 1.C om
A. wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en will they visit B. when they will visit
C. when did they visit D. when they visited
【2014威海2】Alice, do you know _______ tomorrow
A. what will we do B. when we will start
C. where they went D. how will they go there
【2014滨州3】Excuse me, can you tell me _______
A. wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en does the plane leave B. how long the plane has left
C. when the plane leaves D. when did the plane leave
【2014德州4】—Could you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) tell me ___ Daming will pick you up at the train station.
—At 16:00 this Sunday.
A. wher ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e you met him B. who you are coming with
C. why you came here D. what time you are arriving
【2014潍坊3】There are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )so many foggy days these days. We all want to know _____.
A. how ca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n we do to prevent it B. how we can do to prevent it
C. what ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) we can do to prevent it D. what can we do to prevent it
【2014铜仁3】Do you k ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )now ______ an “o” and ______ “u” in the word “computer”
A. th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere is; an B. is there; an C. there is; a D. is there; a
状语从句【云南省近四年状语从句(考查10次)】
【定义】状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等，按意义可以
分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。
【分类】
类别 连词
时间状语从句 when/while/as当……时;since自从(……到现在);until/till 直到……;as soon as 一……就……; before之前；after之后
条件状语从句 if如果
原因状语从句 because因为; since既然; as由于
目的状语从句 so that/ in order that以便，为了
结果状语从句 so that结果是;so/such...that...如此……以至于……
让步状语从句 although/though/even if/ even though尽管
比较状语从句 than比;as...as...和……一样；not so/as...as...不如……
方式状语从句 as像,如
地点状语从句 where 哪里
【注意】：英语中时间和条件状语从句必须遵循“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )主将从现”原则，即主句为一般将来时态时，它所引导的状语从句使用一般现在时表达将来的意思，这时主句和从句所表达的时态在意义上仍然是一致的。
常见的应使用“主将从现”原则的连 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词有：表示时间的when, while, after, before, until, till, whenever 等；表示条件的if, unless, so long as, in case, as soon as, as long as, once等。
6. We want to set off quickly _____ we can avoid the heavy traffic.
A. in order B. in order to C. so that D. such that
7. The girl is _____ young _____ she cannot dress herself.
A. too; to B. so; that C. both; and D. such; that
【拓展详解】
1.时间状语从句
在时间状语从句中，要注意时态一致。根据意义和主从句之间的时间关系，可分类如下：
（1）表示同时性， 即主从句的谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。
其连词有：when (当……的时候),while(当……的时候),as(当……的时候),
as soon as(一……就……),once(一旦……)等。
Strike while the iron is hot.
As/When I came home,I met an old schoolmate of mine.
Once you see him,you will never forget him.
【2013天津】 ________I got back, I found my mother cooking for me.
　 A. When ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. Before C. Since D. Although
( )1. Please give the message to him when you________．
A．see him B．will see him
C．saw him D．are going to see him
( )2.—What time will Diana get to Chengdu
—I'm not sure. When she ________， I'll call you.
A．will arrive B．arrive C．arrives D．arrived
（2）表示先或后时，即主句的谓语动作发生在从句之前或之后，
主要连词有：after (在……后),before (在……之前),when (=after)等。
After/When th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e children had gone to bed,she began to prepare her lessons.(从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前，所以从句用了过去完成时)
He had learne ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d English for three years before he went to London.(主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前，所以主句用了过去完成时)
It was not long be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fore I forgot it all.(It is / was / will be …before…是常用句型)
He ran off before I could stop him.(主句和从句的动作几乎同时发生，时态一致)
表示持续性或瞬间性，
主要连词有：since(自从),ever since(自从),until(直到……才/ 为止),till(直到……才/为止)等。
He has studied very hard since he came to our school.
I have known him ever since he was a child.
He watched TV until/till her mother came back.
I did not go home until my mother called me.
( )—Jimmy, it’ s time to go to bed.
—Oh, I won’t do that _______I finish my homework.
A. if B. until C. after D. when
2.原因状语从句
表示原因的状语从句可以由as(由于),because(因为),since(既然)等连词引导。
I do it because I like it.(because不能与 so连用)
Since you are all here,let’s try and reach a decision.
As she was ill,she didn’t come to the party.
【注意】：不能同时出现在一个句子中的连词
（1）because与so这两个连词不能同时在一个句子里使用，只能用其一。
Because Jone was ill, I took him to the doctor.
= Jone was ill, so I took him to the doctor.因为约恩生病了，我带他去看医生。
3.目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的主要连词有:that, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )so that(以便),in order that(为了)等，从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：can,could,may,might,should等。
Let’s take the front seats (so)that we may see more clearly.
School was closed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm.
4.结果状语从句
引导结果状语从句的连词有：that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),so that(从句中不带情态动词),so…that(如此……以致……),such…that(如此……以致……)等。
The village is so small that it cannot be shown in the map.
Jenny is such a clever girl that all the teachers like her very much
= Jenny is so clever a girl that….
( ) They d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )evelop their skills ________they can do things better and better.
A．however B．because C．since D．so that
但是，当名词前有many,much,few,little(少)修饰时，要用so,不能用such。
I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.
He has so few friends that he often feels lonely.
【结果状语从句的特殊句式】
(1)祈使句+and +简单句：祈使句表示条件，and引导的简单句表示在条件的基础上产生的良好结果，前后句意统一 Eat more vegetab ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )les and less meat, and you’ll keep in good health. 多吃菜少吃肉，你会保持健康的。
(2)祈使句+or+简单句：祈使句表 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )示条件，or引导的简单句表示在违背条件的基础上可能产生的不良后果，前后句意对立。or在句中表示“否则”，可与if引导的从句进行替换 Keep quiet, or you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) won’t hear what the teacher says.
=Keep quiet, and you will hear what the teacher says.
=If you don’t keep quiet, you won’t hear what the teacher says. 保持安静，否则你听不见老师在说什么。
5.条件状语从句
表示条件的状语从句可以由if(如果),unless(除非)等词或词组引导。一般情况下当主句是
将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。
If you ask him,he will help you.
He is sure to come unless he has some urgent business.
【练习巩固】
( )1.If she _______ tomorrow, I’ll call you.
A. come B. comes C. will come D. came
( )2. I don't ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) know if she___ to my birthday party tomorrow. If she___，I'll be very
happy.
A．comes; comes 　 B．will come; comes
C．comes; will come 　 D．comes; come
( )2. If our g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )overnment _______ pay attention to the safety of food, our health _____
in danger.
A. isn’t; i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s B. doesn’t; will be C. won’t; is D. isn’t; will be
6.比较状语从句
比较状语从句常由than(比),as(与……一样)等词引导
It rains more often in Shanghai than in Beijing.
The result was not as/so good as I had expected.
( ) —Do you have a big library
—No, we don't. At least, not ________ yours.
A．as big as B．as big than
C．as bigger than D．bigger as
7.让步状语从句
引导让步状语从句的连词主要有以下连词：though,although,while,as,even if,even
though,whether…or…,no matter+疑问词，疑问词?ever，一般翻译为“尽管……”或
“即使……”，“无论……”
Although/Though he is very old,(yet)he is quite strong.
We’ll make a trip even if/though the weather is bad.
No matter wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at happened,he would not mind.(=Whatever happened,he would not mind.)
( ) ____ it was blowing heavily, ____ the farmers went on working in the fields.
A．Though; / B．Though; but C．Because; / D．Because; so
(al)though与but这两个连词也不能用在同一个句子中。但though与yet， still可以
同时出现在一个句子里（yet和still作副词用）
Although he i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s old, he still works hard.=He is old, but he still works hard.
尽管他老了，他还是努力工作
2014中考真题训练【状语从句】
【2014云南昆明2】The le ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ft-behind kids (留守儿童)can’t see their parents the parents
came back from work.
A.but B.until C.of D.if
【2014安徽3】 the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sun was not yet up,many people were already taking exercise in the
square.
A.As B.If C.Though D.Because
【2014重庆市B1】Your uncle will come to see you as soon as he ______ here.
A. arrives B. arrived C. will arrive D. is arriving
【2014宜宾4】— Come and join us, Betty!
— I’m afraid I can’t. I’m too busy now. If I ___ time, I would certainly go.
A. have B. have had C. will have D. had
【2014呼和浩特1】If we ____ take environmental problems seriously, the earth ____ worse
and worse.
A. don’t; will be B. won’t; isn’t C. won’t; is D. don’t; won’t be
【2014枣庄3】If ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I make a lot of money I ______ give some to medical research or charities.
A. am going to B. can C. will D. should
【2014东营2】Eating and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )drinking on Beijing subway is not allowed. If you ______ the rule,
you’ll face a fine (罚款) of up to 500 yuan.
A. broke B. break C. will break D. have broken
【2014湖北咸宁2】—I wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nt to know if Maria ______ us in the fashion show tonight.
—I believe if she ______ her homework, she will join us.
A. joins; finishes B. will join; finishes
C. joins; will finish D. will join; will join
【2014达州2】—Excus ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e me, could you please tell me if the sports meeting _______ on time
—Hard to say. If it _______ tomorrow, we’ll have to put it off.
A. will hold; rains B. will be held; rains
C. will be held; will rain D. holds; will rain
【2014达州4】—Swimming in the river for teenagers is very dangerous.
—So it is. If I ______ them, I ______ a shower at home.
A. am; would take B. were; will take
C. was; would take D. were; would take
【2014铜仁3】We ______ for a picnic if it ______ rain this Sunday.
A. go; doesn’t B. will go; won’t
C. will go; doesn’t D. go; won’t
【2014聊城1】I will do some cleaning as soon as I ______ my homework.
A. finish B. will finish C. have finished D. finished
【2014威海2】—Alan! Why are you so late
—Sorry! When I _______ home, I met one of my old friends.
A. went B. am walking C. has gone D. was walking
【2014潍坊2】If it ______ rain tomorrow, we’ll go hiking.
A. won’t B. doesn’t C. don’t D. didn’t
【2014滨州3】—Do you know if he will come tomorrow
—No. Bu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t if he _______, I’ll call you to have a meal together.
A. will come B. won’t come C. comes D. doesn’t come
定语从句【云南省近四年定语从句(考查5次)】
【定义】在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句
修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句
的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系词 功能 先行词
that, who 主语、宾语、表语 人、物
whom, that 宾语
that, which 主语、宾语、表语 事物、时间
地点、原因
where 状语 地点
whose 定语 人、物
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
【方法突破】
定语从句先行词还原法
初中阶段对定语从句的考查主要是关系词的运用。
首先大家可以把先行词还原到从句。
其次在选择关系词时，
一要看先行词是指人还是指物，
二要看在从句中作何成分，从而做出正确的判断
( )1. I will ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) never forget the days _____ I spent with my teachers and classmates.
A. when B. where C. that D. What
( )2. She is th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e girl _____ invention got the first prize in the school competition.
A. who B. that C. which D. whose
【2013天津1】 The movie ________ we saw last night was fantastic.
A.th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at B. what C. whose D. who
【2013广东1】 The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) young lady _____ is interviewing Lin Zhixuan about the program I am
a singer is from 21st Century Talent Net.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
【2012玉溪38题】When time ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s become difficult, remember a moment in your life _____ was
filled with joy and happiness.
A. what B. when C. that D. Where
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
1.关系代词that的用法
that既可指人又可指物，大多指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
The girl that has long hair is my sister.(that可以换成who)
Where is the picture that was on the desk (that可以换成which)
This is the book that you are looking for.(that可以换成which，还可以省略)
( ) 1. Who is the man________is reading a book over there
A．that B．which C．whose D．What
( ) 2.One of th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e most interesting places in Yangzhou ____ are often visited by foreigners
is the West Slender Lake.
A．what B．who C．that D．/
( )3.Wechat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )(微信)is an invention _______ can help people talk to friends, share photos,
ideas and feelings freely.
A. which B. who C. whose D. /
( )4.The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Palace Museum is the best place _______ I’ve ever visited.
A. that B. which C. where D. what
2.关系代词who,whom和 whose的用法
(1)who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语
I will never forg ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )et the teacher who taught us English in No.26 Middle School.
( ) 1.The letter is from my sister，________is working in Beijing.
A．which B．that C．whom D．who
( ) 2.She ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hates people _______ don’t help others when they have trouble.
A. whose B. / C. whom D. who
(2)whom代替人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。
Do you know man whom we met in the bookstore yesterday
(3)whose一般代替人，有时亦可代替物，是所有格，在定语从句中作定语。
She is the woman whose car was stolen.
Do you know the name of the KTV whose window we can see here
(关系代词whose指代先行词KTV，正式用法应该用of which。whose window=the window
of which，意思 是：the window of the KTV。)
( ) Li Mei is th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e student ________ handwriting is the best in our class.
A．whose B．whom C．who D．that
3.关系代词which的用法
which代替物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
I’ve found the book which I was looking for.(which可以换成that)
二、关系副词引导的定语从句
常用的关系副词只有三个：when,where,why，在定语从句中分别充当时间、地点和原
因状语。
1.关系副词when的用法
关系副词when代替的先行词表示的是时间，when在定语从句作时间状语
In Beijing July and A ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ugust are the months when it rains very often.(when先行词是months)
I will never forget the day when I joined the League.
(when先行词是day，when可以用that替代，这时关系代词that就变成了表示时间的关
系副词)
2.关系副词where的用法
关系副词where代替的先行词表示的是地点，where在定语从句中作地点状语。：
This is the village where Mo Yan grew up.(where的先行词是village)
This is the house where we lived when we were young.(where先行词是house)
上面这个句子不可以将where改为that，因为that不能作为表示地点的关系副词。
试比较下句：
This is the village that we once visited.
that的先行词同样是village，但这个that是关系代词，在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略，还可以用which替换。
3.关系副词why的用法
关系副词why代替的先行词表示的是原因，why在定语从句作原因状语
I know the reason why he was late for the meeting.
(why先行词是reason，why可以用that替代，这时关系代词that就变成了表示原因的
关系副词，还可以将why省略)
Do you know ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the reason why he refused the invitation (why先行词是reason，why可以用
that替代，还可以省略)
三、关系代词who,which与that的辨析
1.关系代词who与that的区别
(1)当关系代词用作主语时，多用主格who。如：
My first English teach ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er is Mr.Zhang,who is the headmaster of Yucai Middle School now.
(在非限制性定语从句中，用who)
(2)当关系代词用作介词后的宾语时，用宾格whom，不用that。如：
The person to whom he is talking is my father.
(3)当关系代词泛指人时，多用that。如：
He is a man that is never afraid of failure.(that用来泛指人)
(4)当关系代词出现在who开头的疑问句时，应用that。如：
Who is the girl that is talking to Tom in English
(避免重复使用who，以免造成误解或语义含混不清)
2.关系代词which与that的区别
(1)当先行词为all,much,little以及不定代词anything,something,everything等时，关系
代词多用that。
If you love someone,you will like all that belong to him.
Don’t believe everything that you see on television.
当先行词的前面有形容词最高级、序数词或限定词the only,the very,all,every,any,no
等时，关系代词一般都用that：
This is the best movie that I have ever seen.
You’rethe only person that can help me.
( ) The fir ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )st thing _____ my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter.
A．which B．that C．why D．who
(3)当关系代词出现在which开头的疑问句时，应用that。
Which was the picture that was drawn by Xu Beihong
(这里使用that是为了避免重复which)
(4)在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词一般只用which
Guangzhou,which is t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he capital of Guangdong Province,hosted the 2010 Asian Games.
(5)介词后的关系代词用which，而不用that。
There are 50 students in this class,60% of which are boys.
【中考专题训练】
【2014山东滨州1】—Do you know the girl is talking with our teacher
—Oh,she’s my sister.
A.who B.whose C.whom D.where
【2014甘肃兰州4】—I didn’t see you last night.Where did you go
—I went to see a movie called Coming Home was directed by
Zhang Yimou.
A.who B.whom C.when D.which