2015英语中考题复习：专题十五 主谓一致及倒装句

2015中考专题（15）主谓一致和倒装句
2015中考专题（15）主谓一致及倒装句
【中考解读】
【考点分布】1.语法一致
2.意义一致
3.就近一致
【考点内容】能够识别主语和句子的时态，使句子的谓语动词与主语在语法上保持一
致。能够识别与谓语动词在意义上一致的单词并正确选择谓语动词。牢
记与谓语动词就近一致的短语和句型，并实现谓语动词的灵活变换。
【命题趋势】1.考查there be 的就近原则，集体名词语法一致以及时间、钱、距离做
主语的用法。
2.考查固定句型除There be 外，还有not only... But also...谓语动词的就
近原则
第一讲主谓一致
语法一致
①在一般句子中，句子的谓语要与主语在人称和单复数上保持一致。
即主语是单数形式时，谓语动词就用单数形式；主语是复数形式时，谓语动词就用复数
形式。
当and连接两个或多个名词，或both...and...连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Tom and Mike are good friends.汤姆和迈克是好朋友。
Both Lucy and Lily are students.露西和莉莉都是学生
She has read a lot of interesting books.她读了许多有趣的书。
【2014广东省1】— Do you need more time to complete the task
—Yes. Another ten days _______ enough.
A. is B. was C. are D. Were
②当主语后面有with, along wi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )th, together with, like, except, but, as well as等引导的名词或代词时，谓语动词的单复数取决于主语的单复数。
Tom with his parents is watching TV.汤姆和他的父母正在看电视。
【2014江苏扬州1】一Where is Mr. Wang
一He together with his students________ Zhuyuwan Park.
A. has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) gone to B. have gone to C. has been to D. have been to
【2013山东威海4】 E ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )veryone except Tom and John there when the meeting began.
A. are B. is C. were D. was
【2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔1】Nei ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ther of the books interesting. I won’t buy of them.
A. is; either B. are; neither C. is; any
【2013新疆乌鲁木齐2】Everyone ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )except Tom and John ___ studying for the final test now.
A. are B. is C. were D. was
③one of+名词复数， the number of +名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
One of the boys is interested in the story.其中有一个男孩对这个故事感兴趣。
【2014山东泰安1】 —What _______ the number of the students in your school
—About two thousand. A number of them _______ from the countryside.
A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are
【2014山东烟台4】 一 How many girls are there in your class
—_________ them __________ over twenty.
A. A number of, are B. The number of, are
C. A number of, is D. The number of, is
【2014 甘肃白银3】The zoo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) keeper is worried because the number of visitors _______
smaller and smaller.
A. become B. are becoming C. is becoming D. have become
【2013江苏扬州1】A numb ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er of tourists ______ Yangzhou many times because it is such a
beautiful city.
A. ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve been to B. has been to C. has gone to D. have gone to
【2013江苏盐城1】Now the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) number of Chinese people working Africa more than one
million.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
④当一些不定代词，如：somebod ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y, anything, no one, everybody, either, neither, each等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。none作主语时，谓语动词单复数均可。
Something is wrong with my computer.我的电脑出问题了。
学科名词作主语，谓语动词用单数
【2013四川广安1】—Maths ____my favourite subject, what about you
—Physics_____. I think it's very interesting．
A．is：is B. are; are C. are；is
⑤“a lot of(lots ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of，plenty of，a pile of，piles of，most of)＋名词”和“分数或百分数＋名词”等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于名词，如果是不可数名词，则谓语动词用单数形式；如果是可数名词复数，则谓语动词用复数形式。
Lots of people have been there.很多人去过那儿
【2014四川内江1】— Mum, ______ of the apples _______ gone bad.
—We’d better eat up the rest as soon as possible.
A. one ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) third; have B. one thirds; have
C. one t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hird; has D. first three; has
【2014湖南益阳3】 _____ of the students in our class _______ girls.
A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; are
⑥由“a pair(a kind，a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )series...)＋of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；“pairs(kinds...)＋of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
A pair of sunglasses is lying on the table.一副太阳镜放在桌子上。
Fifteen pairs of shoes are made each day.每天能制作15双鞋。
⑦某些只有复数形式的名词(如cloth ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es，trousers，shorts，pants，shoes，gloves...)作主语时，谓词动词用复数形式。
My shoes were worn out.我的鞋子穿坏了。
意义一致
①某些集体名词，如：family, cl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ass, government, group等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式；如果侧重其中的成员，谓语动词用复数。
His family is going to move to Beijing.他家将搬到北京去。
The whole family are watching TV.全家人正在看电视。
【2014 四川宜宾3】Look! The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )police _____ the food onto the bank of the river.
A.am carrying B. is carrying C. are carrying D. are carried
②连词and连接的并列主语表示不同的人或物时，谓语动词用复数，如果表示同一个人或物时，谓语动词用单数。
A famous wr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iter and teacher is going to have a speech in my school.
一位著名的作家兼老师将在我校进行一次演讲。
【2014江苏淮安2】Andy, you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )'d better not eat meat only. You should know milk and fruit
good for you.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
③动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。
What he said is very important for us all. 他所说的对我们所有人都非常重要。
【2013贵州安顺3】 Doing exercise good for your health.
A. be B. am C. is D. are
3.就近一致
①谓语动词的单复数由离它最近的主语 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )决定。常用的句型有：there be, here be, not only...but also, neither...nor, either...or等。如：
Neither you nor he has been to the city.你和他都不曾到过那个城市。
②不可数名词、不定代词表示抽象概念作主语时，谓语动词用单数
【2014云南】—To achiev ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e a bright future,we should __ study hard____keep in good health.
—I agree with you.
A.not; ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )but B.not only;but also C.neither;nor D.either;or
【2014四川广安1】—Neither Tony nor I ______ interested in playing Weibo.
—You are out.
A.am B.is C.are
【2013贵州安顺1】Neither my sister nor I _____ been to America before.
A. have ever B. have never C. has ever D. has never.
【2013辽宁鞍山3】 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Neither he nor I__________ from Canada. We are from Australia.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
【2013广东2】Not only my ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )friends but also I___ interested in football and Messi is our favorite
star.
A. be B. am C. is D. are
there be句型
there be句型表示的是 “某处有(存在)某人或某物”，
其结构为“There be(is，are，was,were)+名词+地点状语”。
在具体使用中，应注意以下几点：
(1)there be句型中be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
There is a basketball in the box.
There were many people in the street yesterday.
如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语，be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致。
There is an orange and some bananas in the basket.
There are some bananas and an orange in the basket.
(2)there与be之间可以使用情态动词can,may,must,should,will,be going to等。
There must be a pen in the box.
There is going to be a meeting tonight.
(3)there be句型和have/has的区别：
there be句型表示 “存在有”,have/has表示 “拥有”、“所有”,两者不能同时使用。
There are three books on the desk.
I have three books.
(4)“There be + 主语 + doing +介词短语”结构表示“某处有……”。
There is a wallet lying on the ground.
【中考真题训练】
1. There _____ some fl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )owers on the teacher’s desk just now, but now there is nothing on it.
A. have B. had C. were D. Was
【2012江苏泰州3】—Why are you late, Jim
—Becau ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se there a lot of traffic when I came here.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【2014重庆2】There ______ more and more foreigners learning Chinese now.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【2014山东泰安1】 —Why are you in such a hurry, John
—There _______an NBA basketball game in ten minutes.
A. will be B. was C. would be D. has seen
【2014四川南允4】There a sports meeting in our school next week.
A. will have B. is going to have C. are going to be D. is going to be
【2014四川凉山4】 ---_______ any students in the classroom when the earthquake happened
---Yes, but they have been saved.
A. There were B. Was there C. There are D. Were there
【2014 甘肃白银2】Ther ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e ___ great changes in such kind of PDAs(掌上电脑）in the last few
years.
A. has been B. have been C. has had D. have had
【2014重庆4】14.There ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ______ lots of sheep and pigs on my uncle’s farm now.
A. was B. were C. is D. are
【2014山东济宁3】 Across ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) from my home, ___ a shop which sells things from foreign countries.
A. it is B. it has C. there is D. that is
【2013四川遂宁2】 There a basketball match this weekend.
A. wi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ll have B. is going to be C. is going to have
【2013四川雅安4】There be a fashion show in our town tomorrow.
A. are going to B. will have C. has D. is going to
【2013四川凉山1】 —There a football match on TV this evening.
—Yeah, that’s great.
A. is going to be B. are going to be C. will have
【2013 湖北黄冈4】 —Why are you walking so quickly, Edward
—There _____ a talent show in ten minutes.
A. will ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) have B. will be C. is going to have D. are going to be
【2013贵州安顺1】 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )In our school library there _____ a number of books on science, and in these
years the number of them _____ growing larger and larger.
A. are; is B. is; are C. have; are D. has; is
【2013山东潍坊3】There_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )__a basketball game between Class 8 and Class 12 tomorrow
afternoon.
A. is B. has C. will be D. has got
【2013江苏盐城4】La ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )st winter it was very cold and was a lot of snow in the north.
A. it B. this C. that D. there
【2015中考专题追踪练习】
Ⅰ.用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
1．There ________(be) some beef on the plate.
2．Not only you but also she ________(have) been to Paris.
3．Every day a n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )umber of people ________(come) to the park. The number of them
______(be) about 700.
4．Fifty dollars ________ (be) enough.
5．The rich ________ (be) not always happy.
6．Nobody ________ (like) to be criticized.
7．Betty with her parents ________ (be) going camping.
8．The pair of shoes ________ (be) very expensive.
9．Neither we nor she ________ (have) been to the farm.
10．Doing morning exercises ________ (make) us healthy.
11．The news ________(be) very interesting! Tell me more!
12．Everyone except Tom ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) and Mike ________(be) here when the teacher came in.
13．Some agree with Jim, but the rest of us ________(agree) with Sam.
14．The Smiths ________(be) making dumplings in the kitchen at this time yesterday.
15．To develo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )p our industry and agriculture at a great speed ___(be) necessary.
Ⅱ. 单项填空
The number o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f the teachers in our school ____ greatly increased since last term.
A number of teachers in this school ____ from the countryside.
A．has; is　　B．has; are C．were; are D．were; is
2．[2014广东] —Do you need more time to complete the task
—Yes. Another ten days ________ enough.
A．is B. was C．are D．were
3．—How much is the pair of shoes —Ten dollars ________ enough.
A．is　　　B．are C．am　　 D．be
4．[2014扬州] —Where is Mr. Wang
—He together with his students________ Zhuyuwan Park.
A．has gone to B. have gone to
C．has been to D．have been to
5．Each of the club ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) members ________ ready to help those who were in trouble.
A．is　　 B．are C．was　　 D．were
第二讲 倒装句
【解读中考】
【考点分布】倒装句
【考点内容】识别倒装句
【命题趋势】考查neither... Nor... 引导的倒装句是重点
1. So do I 结构：
结构 例句
so+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语（主语不是同一个，意为“也是如此”） —Tom has ever been to China.汤姆曾经到过中国。
—So has Mike.迈克也去过。
neither+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语（主语不是同一个人，表否定） —Li Ping wasn’t lat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e for school this morning.李平今天上午上学没有迟到。
—Neither was Tom.汤姆也没有。
【2014四川南允4】—He hasn’t seen that interesting film before.
— .
A.So have I B. Neither have I C. Nor do I D. So do I
【2014四川遂宁3】 —Will you go to Peter’s party this Saturday evening
—I haven’t decided yet. If you don’t go, .
A. so will I B. neither do I C. neither will I
【2014贵州黔西南2】 ---I have changed my job. ---______
A. So do I. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. So have I. C. So I do. D. So I have.
【2014 甘肃白银1】—Ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s your mother been to London —Yes, and_____ . We went together.
A. so have I B. so I have C. neither have I D. neither I have
【2014四川广元1】—I like vegetables and fruit.
—__________. In fact I eat a lot every day.
A. So do I B. So am I C. So I do
【(2014 四川宜宾3】—I’m not going swimming this afternoon.
—_________. I have to help my mother do some cleaning.
A. So ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )am I B. So I am C. Neither am I D. Neither I am
【2014湖南益阳2】—My grandma is used to living in city.
—_______.
A. So my g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )randpa is B. So is my grandpa C. So my grandpa did
【2013山东烟台2】—Would you like to go to the amusement park
—If Jack does, .
A. I go, too. B. so will I C. neither will I D. so do I
【2013四川遂宁3】 His father likes keeping dogs and .
A. so is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )his mother B. so his mother does C. so does his mother
【2013湖北黄石1】I can’t play the piano, and _______.
A. neither can my sister B. my sister can’t, too
C. so can’t my sister D. can my sister, either
【2013贵州安顺2】Our town has changed a lot,_____.
A. so he has B. so has his C. so is hers D. so has he
【2013福建泉州2】—I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t's snowing so heavily ! I prefer saty at home and read a novel.
—_________. I hate going out on such a cold day.
A. So I do B. So do I C. Neither do I.
【2013甘肃兰州2】— I’m not going swimming tomorrow afternoon.
— ________. I have to clean up my bedroom.
A. So am I B. Neither am I C. Neither I am D. So I am
2. So I do 结构
结构 例句
so+主语+助动词/情态动词/be动词（主语是同一个人，意为“的确如此”） —He continued watchi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng TV after the phone rang many times.在电话铃响很多次后他继续看电视。
—So he did.的确如此。
Here/There+谓语动词+名词主语Here/There+代词主语+谓语动词 There goes the bell.铃响了。
Here it is.它在这里。
【注意】：前两种倒装句结构中的助动词、系动词或情态动词在形式上与前面的谓语动词
保持一致，但由他们的主语决定单复数形式
( )1. —Jack has been to many countries during his holiday.
—_____, and so has Jim.
A. So he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )does B. So he has C. So did he D. So have to
( )2. Not only ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) my brothers but also I _____ interested in playing football when we were
young.
A. are B. were C. am D. was
( )3. Here _____ the bus. Be quick, or we will miss it.
A. come B. comes C. came D. Coming
【2014云南1】— Kunming is really a comfortable city to live in.
—_________. The weather is pleasant.
A. So it is B. So is it C. So it does D. So does it