人教版英语七年级上册关于助动词do学案（无答案）

人教版英语七年级上册关于助动词do\does的正确运用知识总结与练习
进入第五单元后，引入了助动词do以及does，很多学生便无法区分什么时候用助动词，什么时候用be(is\am\are)动词。接下来，我们就从一般疑问句、否定句、特殊疑问句三个方面来分别讲一讲。
一般疑问句。
一般疑问句是用Yes \ No来回答的疑问句，前面的四个单元我们见的比较多，那个时候是用be动词来引导的。例如：Are you Tom \ Is she Grace \ Are they Tom and Jerry \Is this your ruler \ Are those his dictionaries \ Is Alice your aunt \ Is the pencil in the pencil case \ Are the books in the bookcase
从第五单元Unit 5 Do you have a soccer ball 开始，引入了助动词引导的一般疑问句，例如：Do you have a basketball \ Does she have a sports collection \ Do you like apples \ Does she like strawberries
be动词引导的一般疑问句和助动词引导的一般疑问句，最本质的差别就是看有没有动词，如果有，就用助动词来引导，如果没有，就用be动词来引导。
练习题：根据句意，用适当的be动词（is\am\are）或者助动词（do\does）填空。
_______ the boy your brother
_________ they your parents
_________ you have a baseball bat
_________ Mr. Wang your English teacher
_________ Tom and Jenny friends
_______ Grace your classmate
_________ the boy like his school
_________ the girl play sports every day
________ you from China
________ your cousin watch TV every day
解题思路：
观察所有的句子，找出带有实义动词的，就用助动词Do或者Does，如果没有实义动词的，就用be动词（I 用am ,you用are ; is单数，复数are。）
参考答案：
Is 2、Are 3、Do 4、Is 5、Are 6、Is 7、Does
Does 9、Are 10、Does
否定句。
关于否定句的构成：
到目前为止，我们学习的否定句有三类，一类是由be动词引导的，直接在其后加上not，变成I’m not ; isn't和aren’t；第二类是由情态动词can引导的，直接在其后加not，变成can’t；第三类是由助动词do和does引导的，在它们后面加上not，构成don t和doesn’t，并注意后面的动词用原形。
例如：I am a student in a middle school. （改为否定句）
I’m not a student in a middle school.
又如：She can say some English words. （改为否定句）
She can’t say any English words. （注意：some变为any）
再如：Tom has a good eating habit. （改为否定句）
Tom doesn’t have a good eating habit.
例如：We have the same English teacher. （改为否定句）
We don’t have the same English teacher.
练习巩固：句型转换——变为否定句，一空一词。
Alice is Tom’s cousin. —— Alice ________ _______ Tom’s cousin.
Bob and Tom are brothers. —— Bob and Tom ________ _________ brothers.
Graces plays sports in the morning. ——— Grace ________ __________ sports in the morning.
They watch TV at home. —— They ________ ________ TV at home.
Sam likes bananas. —— Sam _________ __________ bananas.
We can go there by bus. —— We _______ ________ there by bus.
They are teachers and students. —— They ________ teachers and students.
The boys has some hamburgers for lunch. ——— The boy _________ ___________
__________ hamburgers for lunch.
I have a sister. —— I ________ ________ a sister.
Running star eats well. —— Running star _________ _________ well.
We have two P. E class a week. —— We ________ _______ two P. E class a week.
Tom has five basketballs and two baseballs. —— Tom _______ _________ five basketballs or two baseballs.
参考答案：
is ;not 2、are; not 3、doesn’t ;play 4、don’t watch 5、doesn’t like 6、can’t go 7、aren’t 8、doesn’t have any 9、don’t have 10、doesn’t eat 11、don’t have 12、doesn’t ; have
关于特殊疑问句。
英语里面的特殊疑问句的构成，一般是由特殊疑问词+一般疑问句，前面我们学过很多由be动词引导的特殊疑问句。例如：How are you \ What’s this in English \ What color is it \ What’s his name \ What’ her telephone number \ Where is your schoolbag 等等。
接下来，我们来学习助动词do\does引导的特殊疑问句。首先，我们来看这些来源于课本的句子。
I have a soccer ball. （对划线部分提问）
_________ _______ you have
I like basketballs and soccer balls. （对划线部分提问）
_________ _______ you ___________
I play ping-pong with my classmates. （对划线部分提问）
_________ ________ you _______ your classmates
I like chicken for dinner. （对划线部分提问）
_________ do you ________ for dinner
Mr. Wang has breakfast in the morning. （对划线部分提问）
________ _______ Mr. Wang ________ breakfast
参考答案：
What ; do 2、What ; do ; like 3、What ; do ; play 4、What ; like
When ; does ; have
助动词do\does引导的一般疑问句常常可以由“对划线部分提问”变出来，同学们在座练习时，要多关注这一题型，并多进行总结。
总结：助动词do\does的作用是帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句等，不存在于肯定陈述句中。助动词do\does的后面的动词要用原形。另外，be动词和助动词不可能同时出现。